Energy is widely recognized as a critical production factor across numerous industries. Energy efficiency is a method by which the expansion of energy consumption is managed and restrained. The main goal of this research is to investigate the financial implications of energy-efficient lighting in the building sector.The objectives of the paper were to: evaluate the current adoption and market share of energy-efficient lighting technologies in the construction sector, assess the economic impact of energy-efficient lighting, including cost-effectiveness, potential energy savings, and greenhouse gas emission reductions, analyze the effects of energy-efficient lighting on worker safety, productivity, and overall project costs in the construction sector, identify barriers to adoption and recommend policy changes and incentives to promote the widespread use of energy-efficient lighting in the construction sector in Pakistan.The methodology of the research follows the quantitative approach, data which was used to achieve the objectives includes literature, data sources, and project details on the construction industry from 2015 to 2021. Literature analysis and Data metrics were used to analyze of data.Studies found that energy-efficient lighting not only provides significant long-term cost savings but also improves environmental sustainability by lowering greenhouse gas emissions and energy consumption. Further, the literature analysis shows the beneficial relationship between adequate lighting and improved worker well-being as well as project efficiency, even though empirical data on these topics may be scarce.The study suggested that to overcome barriers and optimize the advantages of energy-efficient lighting, it is important to increase knowledge, provide financial incentives, improve access to eco-friendly construction materials, and strengthen compliance with building energy codes.

Improving manufacturing organizations' ESG (Environmental, Social, and Governance) performance is becoming more and more important in the global pursuit of green and sustainable development. AI (Artificial intelligence) has become a vital instrument for manufacturing companies to obtain a driven advantage in sustainability as a result of the growing digital revolution and urgent environmental issues. There is little academic research on the precise effects of artificial intelligence (AI) on the performance of ESG of manufacturing companies. The role of digital technologies in promoting ESG developments has been not extensively explored. The sample consists of Chinese-listed manufacturing companies from 2013–2022. This research study fills the research gap by developing a theoretical framework of how AI affects manufacturing organizations ESG pillars. Regression analysis, a correlation matrix, and descriptive statistics were used by the researcher to examine the data. The results show that the use of AI technology successfully encourages enhancements in manufacturing companies' ESG performance. This research adds to the body of knowledge on improving ESG performance, clarifies the theoretical basis for AI-enabled companies' non-economic performance, and expands the use of organizational dualism theory in novel settings.

The impact of the capital structure on the dividend policy is discussed in this study. Keeping in view the both commercial and Islamic banks of Pakistan. Using the secondary panel data from the time 2006 to 2021 was compilled from the State Bank of Pakistan yearly published reports. Those are available on its official website. Therefore the two separate regression models have been developed to ensure the dividend payout policy. For analyzing the data, the SPSS latest version 26 have been used. But before analyzing the regression model, some assumptions for the normality of the data were checked. Keepin in view the results of the skewness and kolmogorov-smirnov level of significance. Thereafter the empirical analysis further begun to check the normality of financial data through variance inflation factors (VIF). Finally the results of our models show of the both banking industries that the dividend payouts positively and significantly are determined by size, profitability, and deposits. Since the Investment opportunities from both banking sectors didn't explain the significant association with dividend payments. Also the institutional borrowing of both sectors having negative coefficients sign. This mean based on their respective negative coefficients -.004 and -.040 which separately indicate that the One unit increasing in institutional borrowing will decrease respectively .004 and .040 units in dividend payout by the both conventional and Islamic banks.

This study examines the impact of board characteristics on the financial outcomes of Shari'ah-compliant banks in Pakistan, with a particular focus on supervisory attributes such as board size, frequency of meetings, and independence in decision-making. The empirical analysis utilizes data from all Islamic banks of Pakistan over the period from 2021 to 2023, a timeframe chosen to evaluate financial performance in the context of post-pandemic economic challenges. Employing panel data analysis through multiple regression models, the study reveals that bank size does not have a significant effect on the financial outcomes. In contrast, the board size plays a crucial role in influencing financial success. Specifically, boards that are composed of independent members that meet regularly for strategic evaluations tend to achieve better financial performance. These results emphasize the importance of enhancing Shari'ah-compliant governance structures, particularly in the context of economic recovery. The implications of these findings suggest that to improve the decision-making process, Islamic banks should focus on quality and independence in board composition and prioritize frequent strategic assessments to improve financial outcomes.