Coronaviruses (CoV) belong to the genus Coronavirus with its high mutation rate in the Coronaviridae. The objective of this review article was to have a preliminary opinion about the disease, the ways of treatment, and prevention in this early stage of COVID-19 outbreak.

Introduction/objectives The current 2019 novel coronavirus outbreak is continuing to spread rapidly despite all efforts. Patients with rheumatic disease may have higher levels of anxiety due to their disease characteristics and medications. The web-based platforms are widely used sources for gaining medical information. YouTube presents a wide range of medical information, but there are concerns on its quality. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the quality of the YouTube videos about COVID-19 and rheumatic diseases link. Method This is a descriptive study. A total of 360 videos listed by the YouTube search engine (www.youtube.com) in response to six search terms were evaluated. The Global Quality Scale (GQS) was performed to evaluate video quality. Three groups were formed according to GQS scores: high quality, moderate quality, and low quality. Video parameters were compared between these groups. Results After the exclusion criteria, 46 videos were reviewed. Of the videos, 41.4% (n = 19) were of high-quality group, 21.7% (n = 10) were moderate-quality group, and 36.9% (n = 17) were of low-quality group. Significant difference was detected between the quality groups in terms of views per day (p = 0.004). No significant difference was detected in comments per day (p = 0.139) and like ratio (p = 0.232). Conclusions Besides high-quality videos, there were substantially low-quality videos that could cause misleading information to spread rapidly during the pandemic. Videos from trustworthy sources such as universities, academics, and physicians should be kept in the foreground. Key Points •Web-based platforms have become an important source of health-related information. One of the most important online sources is YouTube because it is easy accessible and free. •Of the videos evaluating the link between COVID-19 and rheumatic diseases, 41.4% (n = 19) were of high quality. •The main sources of high-quality videos were academics/universities and physicians. •The most frequently discussed topics in videos were the place of hydroxychloroquine in the treatment of COVID-19 and whether to continue the use of existing rheumatological drugs.

Introduction: YouTube is a popular social media platform frequently searched by online users for retrieving health-related information. Pulmonary rehabilitation programs have an important place in the COVID-19 treatment protocols. The aim of this study was to evaluate COVID-19 pulmonary rehabilitation videos on YouTube. Methods: A total of 180 videos tagged with the search terms “COVID-19 pulmonary rehabilitation”, “COVID-19 pulmonary exercise” and “COVID-19 pulmonary physiotherapy” were retrieved. Of these, 63 videos met the study inclusion criteria. The Global Quality Scale (GQS) and the modified DISCERN tool were performed for quality and reliability assessments. Duration of video, upload date, number of views, likes, dislikes, and comments were recorded. Video sources were determined. Results: Of the total 63 videos, 22 (34.9%) were classified in the high-quality group, 19 (30.2%) intermediate quality group, and 22 (34.9%) low quality group. The main sources of the high-quality videos were universities and physicians. Others, patients, independent users and health related websites produced high rates of low-quality videos. No significant difference was detected in views, likes, dislikes, and comments per day between the quality groups (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Numbers of high, intermediate and low-quality videos were very close to each other. It is necessary to consider the video sources in order to find videos that contains accurate information. Video parameters other than sources should not be considered as quality indicators.

Background: Nosocomial infections are a global threat to human health worldwide. Aim: This study aimed to investigate the change of nosocomial infection factors in equivalent historical periods in pediatric patients without COVID-19 before and during the pandemic in the pediatric intensive care unit. Method: The study was planned retrospectively. Data on hospital infection rates, incidence densities, invasive device-associated infections, infectious agents, comorbid diseases, and invasive procedures in non-COVID-19 pediatric patients were obtained from the medical records for the periods of April-September 2019 and April-September 2020 in the pediatric intensive care unit. Hand hygiene compliance rates of healthcare workers were evaluated. Results: Prior to the pandemic, the number of patients was 332, comprising 2,377 patient days with a nosocomial infection rate of 5.12, and an incidence density of 7.15. During the pandemic, the number of patients was 221, comprising 2,260 patient days with a nosocomial infection rate of 4.52, and incidence density of 4.43. Prior to the pandemic, there were 28.80% cases of Klebsiella pneumoniae, 23.81% of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 9.52% of Enterococcus faecium, and 4.76% of Enterococcus faecalis. During the pandemic, there were decreased 14.29% cases of Klebsiella pneumoniae while Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterococcus faecium, and Enterococcus faecalis was not seen. Prior to the pandemic, the hand hygiene compliance rate was 94.83%, and during the pandemic, it was found to be 99.44%. Conclusion: This study showed that the spread of bacteria such as Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, vancomycin-resistant enterococci, and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, which are a major public health threat, can be decreased by applying simple standard methods.

Yoğun bakım ünitelerinde hastane enfeksiyonları mortalitenin önemli bir belirleyicisidir. Acinetobacter baumannii, ventilatör ilişkili pnomonilerde giderek artan oranda etken olarak gösterilmektedir. Hastanede A. baumannii suşlarının duyarlılık paternleri düzenli olarak izlenmeli ve tedavi protokolleri bu doğrultuda güncellenmelidir. Çalışmamızda 2012-2017 yılları arasında hastanemizde takip edilen hastane kökenli enfeksiyonu olan hastalardan izole edilen A. baumannii suşlarının antibiyotik direnç profillerinin ortaya konması, yıllar içindeki değişiminin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. 2012-2017 yılında hastane enfeksiyonu (HE) tanısı almış yoğun bakım ünitelerinde (YBÜ) takip edilen hastalardan alınan klinik örneklerden izole edilen A. baumannii suşlarının değerlendirilmesi ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. HE tanıları CDC kriterleri ölçüt alınarak konmuş, antibiyotik duyarlılıkları Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) ölçütlerine uygun olarak belirlenmiştir. İzolatlarda yüksek oranda (>%97) karbapenem direnci saptanmış, en az direnç kolistin %2,9, ardı sıra tigesiklin % 49,3 ile olarak görülmüştür. Mortalite geriatrik yaş grubunda % 65,4, geriatrik olmayan yaş grubunda %44,6 saptanmıştır, istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark saptanmıştır (p <0,0001). Hastanemiz yoğun bakım ünitelerinde (YBÜ) çoklu ilaç dirençli A. baumannii suşlarında Kolistin ve Tigesiklin gibi temel kabul edilen iki ilaca gelişen direnç görülmektedir. YBÜ’lerde nozokomiyal patojenlerin dağılımının ve antibiyotik direnç profillerinin belirlenmesi, ampirik tedavi ve direnç gelişimi ve yayılımının önlenmesinde yol gösterici olacaktır. Enfeksiyon kontrol önlemlerine uyum ile çapraz bulaşın önüne geçmek, sağlık hizmeti ilişkili enfeksiyonları azaltmak hedeflenmeli; Bu hedefe yönelik enfeksiyon kontrol eğitimleri planlanmalıdır.