In this research, we present a low phase noise (PN) and wide tuning range 175 GHz inductors and capacitors (LC) voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) based on a differential Colpitts oscillator that was designed using a 0.13 μm bipolar complementary metal oxide semiconductor (BiCMOS) and simulated. The square of the tank Q-factor and the square of the oscillation amplitude were both maximized to reduce PN. With an extensive examination of parasitic, mathematical analysis of load impedances, and implementation of differential design, the PN was reduced, and the output power was enhanced. Using a supply voltage of 1.6 V, the VCO consumes 41.9 mA, resulting in a total power usage of 67 mW to prevent undesirable PN deterioration, an inter-stage LC filter at the VCO-buffer interface increases the swing at the buffer input. To make a better output, a buffer is used to isolate the load from the VCO core. In addition, the VCO has a high linearity and the overall, the VCO presented in this study demonstrates excellent performance and has the potential to be used in a wide range of applications that require a high-performance, low-power VCO.

In wireless communication systems, it is frequently preferable to use a null steering beamformer to reduce interference from strong narrowband signals and other multi-path signals. This paper proposes an efficient narrowband null-steering beamformer based on an Improved Davies Narrowband Null-steering (IDNN) algorithm combined with an Improved Constant Modulus Algorithm (ICMA). The designed beamformer can impose adaptive nulls at interferences without knowing directions in the side lobe region by employing the ICMA for signal adaptation, while maintaining the main lobe toward the desired user direction. The results reveal that the developed beamformer increased the convergence rate by 12.8%, as seen by lower output power convergence when compared to the traditional Davies Narrowband Null-steering (DNN) algorithm. Thus, the new algorithm is observed to have much faster convergence behavior.

The review of literature reveals cybercrime as one of the fastest-growing global security threats, and in emerging economies like Nigeria, the evolution is intricately configured to the rapid growth of internet accessibility, weak regulatory policies, and socio-economic factors. This review analyses the problem of cybercrime in Nigeria with empirical evidence drawn from a case study that attempts to illustrate the complicated growth pattern of cyberspace in Nigeria. The analysis covers three distinct evolution phases: the initial phase of internet penetration through cybercafés (2000 to 2001) and the proliferation of mobile and GSM technology (2001 to 2011), both precursors to the broadband-enabled digital era, which presumably spans 2011 and onwards. These shifts correspond to changes in the level of sophistication of cybercrime which evolved from simple email hoaxes to identity theft and advanced fraud schemes. While adopting these technologies, other issues such as lack of adequate public awareness, regulatory policies, and limited capacity of cybersecurity approaches are equally pressing. Based on these findings, this research introduced the PRAP (Proactive, Reactive, Active, Persuasive)Framework, which can better contextualize Nigeria's cybersecurity needs. The holistic PRAP framework addresses prevention, incident response, threat assessment, prosecution and adapts to Nigeria's social and technical context. This policy is crucial for public and private sector stakeholders concerned with the fight against cybercrime in developing countries.

The Combined Cycle Power Plant or Combined Cycle Gas Turbine is described as a gas turbine generator in which electricity is generated and the resulting waste heat is used to produce steam to generate additional electricity by means of a steam turbine. The gas turbine is considered one of the most resourceful for conversion of gas fuel to mechanical power or in this case electricity. The electricity sector in Nigeria’s has suffered a systemic failure over the years. In the earlier years, considering the 70s and 80s, electric power production and supply was considered ample and barely sufficient to meet the National demand. And recently, it is still experiencing gradual deterioration and is still struggling to meet the increase in the demand for electricity as a result of increase in population. Electricity production in Nigeria over the last 35 years constitutes various methods of generation of which are gas-fired, oil-fired, hydro-electric power stations, and coal-fired station with hydroelectric power system. And with infrastructural developments, oil and gas-fired power stations make up about 85% of her power plants. This paper discusses the prospects of combined cycle power plants (CCPPs) for boosting generation of electricity in Nigeria, the associated technology, and the possibilities to be exploited, hence, meeting up with the rise in the demand for energy for sustainable national development. The paper also suggests the potentials of improving present gas-fired power plants into combined cycle power plants for enhanced electricity generation and supply.