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Water scarcity is a widespread problem in arid and semi-arid regions such as the western Mediterranean coastal areas. The irregularity of the precipitation generates frequent droughts that exacerbate the conflicts among agriculture, water supply and water demands for ecosystems maintenance. Besides, global climate models predict that climate change will cause Mediterranean arid and semi-arid regions to shift towards lower rainfall scenarios that may exacerbate water conflicts. The purpose of this study is to find a feasible methodology to assess current and monitor future water demands in order to better allocate limited water resources. The interdependency between a vegetation index (NDVI), land surface temperature (LST), precipitation (current and future), and surface water resources availability in two watersheds in southeastern Spain with serious difficulties in meeting water demands was investigated. MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) NDVI and LST products (as proxy of drought), precipitation maps (generated from climate station records) and reservoir storage gauging information were used to compute times series anomalies from 2001 to 2014 and generate regression images and spatial regression models. The temporal relationship between reservoir storage and time series of satellite images allowed the detection of different and contrasting water management practices in the two watersheds. In addition, a comparison of current precipitation rates and future precipitation conditions obtained from global climate models suggests high precipitation reductions, especially in areas that have the potential to contribute significantly to groundwater storage and surface runoff, and are thus critical to reservoir storage. Finally, spatial regression models minimized spatial autocorrelation effects, and their results suggested the great potential of our methodology combining NDVI and LST time series to predict future scenarios of water scarcity.
Gema Marco Dos Santos; Ignacio Melendez-Pastor; Jose Navarro-Pedreño; Magaly Koch. Assessing Water Availability in Mediterranean Regions Affected by Water Conflicts through MODIS Data Time Series Analysis. Remote Sensing 2019, 11, 1355 .
AMA StyleGema Marco Dos Santos, Ignacio Melendez-Pastor, Jose Navarro-Pedreño, Magaly Koch. Assessing Water Availability in Mediterranean Regions Affected by Water Conflicts through MODIS Data Time Series Analysis. Remote Sensing. 2019; 11 (11):1355.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGema Marco Dos Santos; Ignacio Melendez-Pastor; Jose Navarro-Pedreño; Magaly Koch. 2019. "Assessing Water Availability in Mediterranean Regions Affected by Water Conflicts through MODIS Data Time Series Analysis." Remote Sensing 11, no. 11: 1355.
Cyanobacteria bloom events have been associated with eutrophication processes, along with hydrologic and climate factors. Missisquoi Bay is a portion of Lake Champlain (USA–Canada) that is highly eutrophic and prone to cyanobacteria blooms and cyanotoxins. This study assessed the spatial–temporal influence of nutrients, turbidity and temperature in cyanobacteria distributions during a bloom event in the summer of 2006. Correlations, generalized linear models (GLMs), geostatistics and local indications of spatial association (LISA) autocorrelation analysis tested the influence of nutrient and non-nutrient explanatory variables in cyanobacteria biovolume. Total phosphorus exhibited a high direct correlation with cyanobacteria biovolume. The best performing GLMs included total phosphorus, total nitrogen, Secchi depth (as turbidity) and temperature as explanatory variables of cyanobacteria biovolume. Variogram analysis of those variables resulted in a better understanding of the underlying spatial variation process of the cyanobacteria bloom event. The LISA test revealed a moderate but stable autocorrelation between cyanobacteria biovolume and total phosphorus from 180 to 1,000 m of weight distance, suggesting the possibility of up-scaling the current results to coarse-resolution satellite imagery for more frequent monitoring of bloom events. The LISA test also revealed the spatial–temporal dynamic (movement of cyanobacteria scums) of high cyanobacteria blooms with high total phosphorus concentration.
I. Melendez-Pastor; E. M. Isenstein; J. Navarro-Pedreño; M-H. Park. Spatial variability and temporal dynamics of cyanobacteria blooms and water quality parameters in Missisquoi Bay (Lake Champlain). Water Supply 2019, 19, 1500 -1506.
AMA StyleI. Melendez-Pastor, E. M. Isenstein, J. Navarro-Pedreño, M-H. Park. Spatial variability and temporal dynamics of cyanobacteria blooms and water quality parameters in Missisquoi Bay (Lake Champlain). Water Supply. 2019; 19 (5):1500-1506.
Chicago/Turabian StyleI. Melendez-Pastor; E. M. Isenstein; J. Navarro-Pedreño; M-H. Park. 2019. "Spatial variability and temporal dynamics of cyanobacteria blooms and water quality parameters in Missisquoi Bay (Lake Champlain)." Water Supply 19, no. 5: 1500-1506.
Conventional wastewater treatment generates large amounts of organic matter–rich sludge that requires adequate treatment to avoid public health and environmental problems. The mixture of wastewater sludge and some bulking agents produces a biosolid to be composted at adequate composting facilities. The composting process is chemically and microbiologically complex and requires an adequate aeration of the biosolid (e.g., with a turner machine) for proper maturation of the compost. Adequate (near) real-time monitoring of the compost maturity process is highly difficult and the operation of composting facilities is not as automatized as other industrial processes. Spectroscopic analysis of compost samples has been successfully employed for compost maturity assessment but the preparation of the solid compost samples is difficult and time-consuming. This manuscript presents a methodology based on a combination of a less time-consuming compost sample preparation and ultraviolet, visible and short-wave near-infrared spectroscopy. Spectroscopic measurements were performed with liquid compost extract instead of solid compost samples. Partial least square (PLS) models were developed to quantify chemical fractions commonly employed for compost maturity assessment. Effective regression models were obtained for total organic matter (residual predictive deviation—RPD = 2.68), humification ratio (RPD = 2.23), total exchangeable carbon (RPD = 2.07) and total organic carbon (RPD = 1.66) with a modular and cost-effective visible and near infrared (VNIR) spectroradiometer. This combination of a less time-consuming compost sample preparation with a versatile sensor system provides an easy-to-implement, efficient and cost-effective protocol for compost maturity assessment and near-real-time monitoring.
Beatriz Temporal-Lara; Ignacio Melendez-Pastor; Ignacio Gómez; Jose Navarro-Pedreño. Wastewater Biosolid Composting Optimization Based on UV-VNIR Spectroscopy Monitoring. Sensors 2016, 16, 1919 .
AMA StyleBeatriz Temporal-Lara, Ignacio Melendez-Pastor, Ignacio Gómez, Jose Navarro-Pedreño. Wastewater Biosolid Composting Optimization Based on UV-VNIR Spectroscopy Monitoring. Sensors. 2016; 16 (11):1919.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBeatriz Temporal-Lara; Ignacio Melendez-Pastor; Ignacio Gómez; Jose Navarro-Pedreño. 2016. "Wastewater Biosolid Composting Optimization Based on UV-VNIR Spectroscopy Monitoring." Sensors 16, no. 11: 1919.
Multitemporal Analysis in Mediterranean Forestland with Remote Sensing | InTechOpen, Published on: 2016-07-27. Authors: Ignacio Melendez-Pastor, Encarni I. Hernández, Jose Navarro- Pedreño, et
Ignacio Melendez-Pastor; Encarni I. Hernández; Jose Navarro- Pedreño; Ignacio Gómez; Magaly Koch. Multitemporal Analysis in Mediterranean Forestland with Remote Sensing. Landscape Ecology - The Influences of Land Use and Anthropogenic Impacts of Landscape Creation 2016, 1 .
AMA StyleIgnacio Melendez-Pastor, Encarni I. Hernández, Jose Navarro- Pedreño, Ignacio Gómez, Magaly Koch. Multitemporal Analysis in Mediterranean Forestland with Remote Sensing. Landscape Ecology - The Influences of Land Use and Anthropogenic Impacts of Landscape Creation. 2016; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIgnacio Melendez-Pastor; Encarni I. Hernández; Jose Navarro- Pedreño; Ignacio Gómez; Magaly Koch. 2016. "Multitemporal Analysis in Mediterranean Forestland with Remote Sensing." Landscape Ecology - The Influences of Land Use and Anthropogenic Impacts of Landscape Creation , no. : 1.
E. Hernandez; J. Navarro-Pedreño; I. Gómez; I. Melendez-Pastor. Mineral Nutrition and Chlorophylls of Cucumis melo L. Grown under Different Saline Conditions in a Protected Wetland Area. International Journal of Plant & Soil Science 2014, 3, 1 -15.
AMA StyleE. Hernandez, J. Navarro-Pedreño, I. Gómez, I. Melendez-Pastor. Mineral Nutrition and Chlorophylls of Cucumis melo L. Grown under Different Saline Conditions in a Protected Wetland Area. International Journal of Plant & Soil Science. 2014; 3 (1):1-15.
Chicago/Turabian StyleE. Hernandez; J. Navarro-Pedreño; I. Gómez; I. Melendez-Pastor. 2014. "Mineral Nutrition and Chlorophylls of Cucumis melo L. Grown under Different Saline Conditions in a Protected Wetland Area." International Journal of Plant & Soil Science 3, no. 1: 1-15.
On-line monitoring of wastewater parameters is a major scientific and technical challenge because of the great variability of wastewater characteristics and the extreme physical-chemical conditions that endure the sensors. Wastewater treatment plant managers require fast and reliable information about the input sewage and the operation of the different treatment stages. There is a great need for the development of sensors for the continuous monitoring of wastewater parameters. In this sense, several optical systems have been evaluated. This article presents an experimental laboratory-based approach to quantify commonly employed urban wastewater parameters, namely biochemical oxygen demand in five days (BOD5), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total suspended solids (TSS), and the ratio BOD5:COD, with a visible and short wave near infrared (V/SW-NIR) spectrometer (400–1000 nm). Partial least square regression (PLSR) models were developed in order to quantify the wastewater parameters with the recorded spectra. PLSR models were developed for the full spectral range and also for the visible and near infrared spectral ranges separately. Good PLSR models were obtained with the visible spectral range for BOD5 (RER = 9.64), COD (RER = 10.88), and with the full spectral range for the TSS (RER = 9.67). The results of this study show that V/SW-NIR spectroscopy is a suitable technique for on-line monitoring of wastewater parameters.
Ignacio Melendez-Pastor; M. Belén Almendro-Candel; Jose Navarro-Pedreño; Ignacio Gómez; Mariano García Lillo; Encarni I. Hernández. Monitoring Urban Wastewaters’ Characteristics by Visible and Short Wave Near-Infrared Spectroscopy. Water 2013, 5, 2026 -2036.
AMA StyleIgnacio Melendez-Pastor, M. Belén Almendro-Candel, Jose Navarro-Pedreño, Ignacio Gómez, Mariano García Lillo, Encarni I. Hernández. Monitoring Urban Wastewaters’ Characteristics by Visible and Short Wave Near-Infrared Spectroscopy. Water. 2013; 5 (4):2026-2036.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIgnacio Melendez-Pastor; M. Belén Almendro-Candel; Jose Navarro-Pedreño; Ignacio Gómez; Mariano García Lillo; Encarni I. Hernández. 2013. "Monitoring Urban Wastewaters’ Characteristics by Visible and Short Wave Near-Infrared Spectroscopy." Water 5, no. 4: 2026-2036.
This work presents a multi-temporal study (years 2000, 2004 and 2007) of saline soils based on multispectral Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) images. Its main contribution is the evaluation of different remote sensing methodologies for mapping saline soils in areas highly affected by soil degradation. The study area is located in SE Spain (between the cities of Elche and Alicante) and is characterized by a semiarid climate and the presence of numerous saline soils and salt-flats. Imaging spectroscopy techniques such as Matched Filtering (MF) and Mixture Tuned Matched Filtering (MTMF) techniques were used for mapping saline soils. Two different approaches were applied for mapping saline soils: 1) using image based spectra of saline and non-saline training areas, and 2) using the spectrum of the halite mineral as a proxy to the spectra of saline soils, because halite concentrations are significant in the saline soils of the study area. MF and MTMF mapping techniques were applied in both methodological approaches. Accuracy assessment was evaluated with the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) plot technique. A validation procedure was applied with an independent saline and non-saline validation dataset. Training and validation saline and non-saline pixels were limited to areas with low vegetation coverage to avoid spectral interferences. High ROC values were obtained for the image based approach in the training and validation stages. Large differences between ROC training vs. validation values were not found. The halite spectrum based approach retrieved lower ROC training and validation values. Furthermore, the MTMF technique achieved better results than the MF in the halite spectrum based approach. Significant differences in the mapping performance were evaluated with the ANOVA test for the time of acquisition of scenes, the methodological approach, and the mapping technique factors. The image based approach was found to be the best methodology for saline soil mapping and monitoring.
I. Melendez-Pastor; J. Navarro-Pedreño; Magaly Koch; Ignacio Gomez. Applying imaging spectroscopy techniques to map saline soils with ASTER images. Geoderma 2010, 158, 55 -65.
AMA StyleI. Melendez-Pastor, J. Navarro-Pedreño, Magaly Koch, Ignacio Gomez. Applying imaging spectroscopy techniques to map saline soils with ASTER images. Geoderma. 2010; 158 (1-2):55-65.
Chicago/Turabian StyleI. Melendez-Pastor; J. Navarro-Pedreño; Magaly Koch; Ignacio Gomez. 2010. "Applying imaging spectroscopy techniques to map saline soils with ASTER images." Geoderma 158, no. 1-2: 55-65.
Mediterranean coastal areas are experiencing rapid land cover change caused by human-induced land degradation and extreme climatic events. Vegetation index time series provide a useful way to monitor vegetation phenological variations. This study quantitatively describes Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) temporal changes for Mediterranean land-covers from the perspective of vegetation phenology and its relation with climate. A time series from 2001 to 2007 of the MODIS Enhanced Vegetation Index 16-day composite (MOD13Q1) was analyzed to extract anomalies (by calculating z-scores) and frequency domain components (by the Fourier Transform). Vegetation phenology analyses were developed for diverse land-covers for an area in south Alicante (Spain) providing a useful way to analyze and understand the phenology associated to those land-covers. Time series of climatic variables were also analyzed through anomaly detection techniques and the Fourier Transform. Correlations between EVI time series and climatic variables were computed. Temperature, rainfall and radiation were significantly correlated with almost all land-cover classes for the harmonic analysis amplitude term. However, vegetation phenology was not correlated with climatic variables for the harmonic analysis phase term suggesting a delay between climatic variations and vegetation response.
Ignacio Melendez-Pastor; Jose Navarro-Pedreño; Magaly Koch; Ignacio Gómez; Encarni I. Hernández. Land-Cover Phenologies and Their Relation to Climatic Variables in an Anthropogenically Impacted Mediterranean Coastal Area. Remote Sensing 2010, 2, 697 -716.
AMA StyleIgnacio Melendez-Pastor, Jose Navarro-Pedreño, Magaly Koch, Ignacio Gómez, Encarni I. Hernández. Land-Cover Phenologies and Their Relation to Climatic Variables in an Anthropogenically Impacted Mediterranean Coastal Area. Remote Sensing. 2010; 2 (3):697-716.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIgnacio Melendez-Pastor; Jose Navarro-Pedreño; Magaly Koch; Ignacio Gómez; Encarni I. Hernández. 2010. "Land-Cover Phenologies and Their Relation to Climatic Variables in an Anthropogenically Impacted Mediterranean Coastal Area." Remote Sensing 2, no. 3: 697-716.