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The functionalization of the ethylene–vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) was carried out in an internal mixer, using maleic anhydride (MA), dicumyl peroxide (DCP) and styrene monomer (St) as additives. Torque rheometry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), titration, gel content, thermogravimetry (TG) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were evaluated. The EVA/MA/DCP and EVA/MA/DCP/St torque curves showed a significant increase, indicating the cross-linking process. FTIR confirmed the appearance of a new band in the EVA chain, at 1780 cm−1, attributed to the carbonyl group of maleic anhydride. However, maleic anhydride grafting to the EVA/MA/DCP system only occurred for the 5% MA/0.3% DCP ratio. When the EVA/MA/DCP system is additivation with the styrene monomer (St), all compositions grafted maleic anhydride into the EVA chain, suggesting that styrene increases the effectiveness of the degree of grafting. In addition, FTIR indicated the emergence of a band at 702 cm−1, due to the vibration of the aromatic core of styrene and, therefore, forming a multiphase copolymer (EVA-g-(St-co-MA)). The thermal stability was practically not altered when functionalizing the EVA with maleic anhydride, as verified by TG. The crystalline melting temperature, the crystallization temperature, the enthalpy of crystalline melting and the degree of crystallinity decreased with the EVA functionalization process. In general, a high degree of grafting of maleic anhydride in the EVA chain is difficult, due to the competitive effect with the cross-linking process.
Carlos Bruno Barreto Luna; Eduardo Da Silva Barbosa Ferreira; Danilo Diniz Siqueira; Edson Antonio Dos Santos Filho; Edcleide Maria Araújo. Additivation of the ethylene–vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) with maleic anhydride (MA) and dicumyl peroxide (DCP): the impact of styrene monomer on cross-linking and functionalization. Polymer Bulletin 2021, 1 -24.
AMA StyleCarlos Bruno Barreto Luna, Eduardo Da Silva Barbosa Ferreira, Danilo Diniz Siqueira, Edson Antonio Dos Santos Filho, Edcleide Maria Araújo. Additivation of the ethylene–vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) with maleic anhydride (MA) and dicumyl peroxide (DCP): the impact of styrene monomer on cross-linking and functionalization. Polymer Bulletin. 2021; ():1-24.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCarlos Bruno Barreto Luna; Eduardo Da Silva Barbosa Ferreira; Danilo Diniz Siqueira; Edson Antonio Dos Santos Filho; Edcleide Maria Araújo. 2021. "Additivation of the ethylene–vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) with maleic anhydride (MA) and dicumyl peroxide (DCP): the impact of styrene monomer on cross-linking and functionalization." Polymer Bulletin , no. : 1-24.
This work aimed to investigate the biopolyethylene (BioPE)/wood powder (WP) composites compatibilized with polyethylene-grafted maleic anhydride (PE-g-MA), using macaíba oil (OM) as a processing aid. The composites were prepared, fist, in an internal mixer and, later, the crushed flakes were molded by injection. Mechanical properties (impact, tensile, flexural and Shore D hardness), heat deflection temperature (HDT), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetry (TG), water absorption, torque rheometry and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were evaluated. The addition of 30% wood powder to the BioPE matrix increased the elastic modulus (tensile and flexural), Shore D hardness and heat deflection temperature (HDT), compared to neat BioPE. These properties were improved when 10% of the PE-g-MA compatibilizer was added, compared to neat BioPE and the non-compatibilized composite. There was a significant reduction in the torque of the composites with the addition of macaíba oil, indicating that it improved the processability. In addition, the incorporation of macaíba oil into the composites helped to reduce water absorption, as well as to increase impact strength. SEM micrographs illustrated a greater degree of interfacial adhesion when PE-g-MA and macaiba oil were added.
Fabiano Santana da Silva; Carlos Bruno Barreto Luna; Danilo Diniz Siqueira; Eduardo Da Silva Barbosa Ferreira; Edcleide Maria Araújo. From Waste to Reuse: Manufacture of Ecological Composites Based on Biopolyethylene/wood Powder with PE-g-MA and Macaíba Oil. Journal of Polymers and the Environment 2021, 1 -17.
AMA StyleFabiano Santana da Silva, Carlos Bruno Barreto Luna, Danilo Diniz Siqueira, Eduardo Da Silva Barbosa Ferreira, Edcleide Maria Araújo. From Waste to Reuse: Manufacture of Ecological Composites Based on Biopolyethylene/wood Powder with PE-g-MA and Macaíba Oil. Journal of Polymers and the Environment. 2021; ():1-17.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFabiano Santana da Silva; Carlos Bruno Barreto Luna; Danilo Diniz Siqueira; Eduardo Da Silva Barbosa Ferreira; Edcleide Maria Araújo. 2021. "From Waste to Reuse: Manufacture of Ecological Composites Based on Biopolyethylene/wood Powder with PE-g-MA and Macaíba Oil." Journal of Polymers and the Environment , no. : 1-17.
Blendas de poliamida 6 (PA6) com poliestireno de alto impacto (HIPS) foram preparadas, utilizando-se o copolímero de estireno-(etileno-butileno)-estireno enxertado de anidrido maleico (SEBS-MA), como agente compatibilizante. As blendas foram preparadas em uma extrusora de rosca dupla corrotacional e, posteriormente, moldadas por injeção. As propriedades de reometria de torque, resistência ao impacto Izod, temperatura de deflexão térmica (HDT) e microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV) foram investigadas. Os resultados mostraram que houve um aumento no torque das blendas de PA6/HIPS com a adição do compatibilizante SEBS-MA. A resistência ao impacto e a HDT aumentaram 56% e 24,5 % em comparação com a PA6 pura, quando a formulação da blenda PA6/HIPS contém 15 pcr de SEBS-MA. Essa blenda apresentou uma maior estabilidade na morfologia, conforme verificado no MEV, com melhor adesão interfacial e menor quantidade de vazios, resultando principalmente na maior resistência ao impacto. Em geral, as propriedades de resistência ao impacto e HDT da PA6 podem ser adaptadas e aprimoradas por meio do desenvolvimento de blendas poliméricas.
Jessika Andrade Dos Santos Nogueira; Carlos Bruno Barreto Luna; Danilo Diniz Siqueira; Edson Antônio Dos Santos Filho; Edcleide Maria Araújo. Investigação do desempenho de blendas PA6/HIPS compatibilizadas com SEBS-MA. Efeito do teor do compatibilizante nas propriedades mecânicas, termomecânicas, reometria de torque e na morfologia. Research, Society and Development 2021, 10, 1 .
AMA StyleJessika Andrade Dos Santos Nogueira, Carlos Bruno Barreto Luna, Danilo Diniz Siqueira, Edson Antônio Dos Santos Filho, Edcleide Maria Araújo. Investigação do desempenho de blendas PA6/HIPS compatibilizadas com SEBS-MA. Efeito do teor do compatibilizante nas propriedades mecânicas, termomecânicas, reometria de torque e na morfologia. Research, Society and Development. 2021; 10 (8):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJessika Andrade Dos Santos Nogueira; Carlos Bruno Barreto Luna; Danilo Diniz Siqueira; Edson Antônio Dos Santos Filho; Edcleide Maria Araújo. 2021. "Investigação do desempenho de blendas PA6/HIPS compatibilizadas com SEBS-MA. Efeito do teor do compatibilizante nas propriedades mecânicas, termomecânicas, reometria de torque e na morfologia." Research, Society and Development 10, no. 8: 1.
In this work, PA6/EPDM-MA was added as an impact modifier for high-performance polypropylene (PP) production. PA6/EPDM-MA compounds were processed in an internal mixer, aiming at chemical reaction between maleic anhydride of EPDM-MA and the amine terminal groups of PA6. Afterward, PP/(PA6/EPDM-MA) blends were processed by extrusion and injection molding. Rheological properties were evaluated using torque rheometry; additionally, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Molau test, impact and tensile strengths, Shore D hardness, thermal deflection temperature, X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetry, water absorption, contact angle, and scanning electron microscopy tests were performed in injected specimens. PP/(PA6/EPDM-MA) with 70/(15/15)% displayed quite high increase in impact and elongation at break, with gains of 850% and 265%, compared to neat PP. There were no drastic losses in tensile strength, elastic modulus, and Shore D hardness, due to PA6 addition. A significant increase was seen in the thermal stability of PP/(PA6/EPDM-MA), corroborating the increase in structural stability seen in HDT. SEM images showed high interfacial adhesion between PP and PA6/EPDM-MA corroborating higher mechanical properties. Summing up, PA6/EPDM-MA premix acted as an efficient impact modifier for PP. Acquired data show that P6/EPDM-MA system was effective in developing high-performance PP with potential for application in the automotive and electronics industries.
Carlos Bruno Barreto Luna; Danilo Diniz Siqueira; Eduardo Da Silva Barbosa Ferreira; Edcleide Maria Araújo; Renate Maria Ramos Wellen. Reactive processing of PA6 / EPDM‐MA blends as modifier for application and development of high‐performance polypropylene. Journal of Vinyl and Additive Technology 2021, 1 .
AMA StyleCarlos Bruno Barreto Luna, Danilo Diniz Siqueira, Eduardo Da Silva Barbosa Ferreira, Edcleide Maria Araújo, Renate Maria Ramos Wellen. Reactive processing of PA6 / EPDM‐MA blends as modifier for application and development of high‐performance polypropylene. Journal of Vinyl and Additive Technology. 2021; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCarlos Bruno Barreto Luna; Danilo Diniz Siqueira; Eduardo Da Silva Barbosa Ferreira; Edcleide Maria Araújo; Renate Maria Ramos Wellen. 2021. "Reactive processing of PA6 / EPDM‐MA blends as modifier for application and development of high‐performance polypropylene." Journal of Vinyl and Additive Technology , no. : 1.
A produção de materiais ecológicos está sendo incentivada, visando minimizar os impactos ambientais e promover uma maior sustentabilidade. Portanto, esse trabalho, teve como objetivo desenvolver biocompósitos de biopolietileno (BioPE)/farinha de madeira (FM), utilizando como compatibilizante o polietileno enxertado com anidrido maleico (PE-g-MA). Os biocompósitos foram preparados em uma extrusora de rosca dupla corrotacional e moldados por injeção. As propriedades de resistência ao impacto Izod, resistência à tração, Dureza Shore D, Temperatura de Deflexão Térmica (HDT) e absorção de água foram investigadas. A resistência ao impacto aumentou quando o biocompósito BioPE/FM foi compatibilizado com PE-g-MA. Esse acréscimo foi mais expressivo para 10% de PE-g-MA com alto grau de enxertia de anidrido maleico, indicando um maior nível de interação entre as fases. Os biocompósitos BioPE/FM/PE-g-MA apresentaram propriedades de módulo elástico, resistência à tração, dureza Shore D e HDT aprimoradas, em comparação ao biocompósito não compatibilizado. Um aspecto importante foi a redução da absorção de água para os biocompósitos compatibilizados com PE-g-MA, sugerindo um maior efeito barreira para a difusão de umidade. Do ponto de vista do grau de enxertia de anidrido maleico no PE-g-MA, em geral, a resistência ao impacto foi a propriedade mais sensível. Os resultados indicam que a farinha de madeira é um resíduo com potencial para ser reaproveitado no desenvolvimento de biocompósitos.
Fabiano Santana da Silva; Wallisson Alves da Silva; Carlos Bruno Barreto Luna; Eduardo Da Silva Barbosa Ferreira; Edcleide Maria Araújo. Produção de biocompósitos de biopolietileno/farinha de madeira compatibilizados com PE-g-MA. Avaliação do teor de anidrido maleico nas propriedades mecânicas e termomecânicas. Research, Society and Development 2021, 10, 1 .
AMA StyleFabiano Santana da Silva, Wallisson Alves da Silva, Carlos Bruno Barreto Luna, Eduardo Da Silva Barbosa Ferreira, Edcleide Maria Araújo. Produção de biocompósitos de biopolietileno/farinha de madeira compatibilizados com PE-g-MA. Avaliação do teor de anidrido maleico nas propriedades mecânicas e termomecânicas. Research, Society and Development. 2021; 10 (7):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFabiano Santana da Silva; Wallisson Alves da Silva; Carlos Bruno Barreto Luna; Eduardo Da Silva Barbosa Ferreira; Edcleide Maria Araújo. 2021. "Produção de biocompósitos de biopolietileno/farinha de madeira compatibilizados com PE-g-MA. Avaliação do teor de anidrido maleico nas propriedades mecânicas e termomecânicas." Research, Society and Development 10, no. 7: 1.
In this work, an experimental design was applied in the injection molding process of polycaprolactone (PCL), aiming to evaluate the mechanical properties (impact strength, tensile strength and Shore D Hardness), thermal (differential scanning calorimetry (DSC)) and thermomechanical (heat deflection temperature (HDT)), in PCL injected specimens. A type 2n planning was applied, with n = 3 and central point, having the input factors: processing temperature profile, mold temperature and injection flow. The results showed that the DSC curves presented a complex mechanism during crystallization, suggesting that depending on the processing conditions a high degree of crystallinity can be obtained. When using a higher processing temperature and a higher injection flow, there is an increase in the mass of the PCL parts. The impact strength is more expressive when a higher injection flow and a lower processing temperature are applied, reaching values around 260 J/m. The mold temperature impairs the elongation at the break of the PCL, while the elastic modulus was governed by the degree of crystallinity. A deleterious effect on HDT was observed with increased injection flow, suggesting that this parameter negatively affects thermomechanical resistance. The use of experimental design in the processing of PCL is important, since it is possible to optimize properties with the ideal conditions of injection molding.
Carlos Bruno Barreto Luna; Danilo Diniz Siqueira; Eduardo Da Silva Barbosa Ferreira; Edcleide Maria Araújo; Renate Maria Ramos Wellen. Effect of injection parameters on the thermal, mechanical and thermomechanical properties of polycaprolactone (PCL). Journal of Elastomers & Plastics 2021, 1 .
AMA StyleCarlos Bruno Barreto Luna, Danilo Diniz Siqueira, Eduardo Da Silva Barbosa Ferreira, Edcleide Maria Araújo, Renate Maria Ramos Wellen. Effect of injection parameters on the thermal, mechanical and thermomechanical properties of polycaprolactone (PCL). Journal of Elastomers & Plastics. 2021; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCarlos Bruno Barreto Luna; Danilo Diniz Siqueira; Eduardo Da Silva Barbosa Ferreira; Edcleide Maria Araújo; Renate Maria Ramos Wellen. 2021. "Effect of injection parameters on the thermal, mechanical and thermomechanical properties of polycaprolactone (PCL)." Journal of Elastomers & Plastics , no. : 1.
Biocomposites based on macaíba shell (MS) and Polycaprolactone (PCL) were melting processed in this work; seeking better compatibility between PCL, MS was chemically treated with maleic anhydride (MA) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH), in addition, PCL‐g‐MA was used as compatibilizer. The biocomposites' performance was evaluated through Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), thermogravimetry (TG), contact angle, water absorption, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the tensile experiments were executed according to ASTM D638 and the nonisothermal crystallization kinetics was performed from differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) scans using Pseudo‐Avrami, Ozawa, and Mo models. Chemical treated and compatibilized biocomposites presented better tensile behavior with no significant changes in the thermal stability. Higher HDT was verified on PCL/MS biocompounds due to the MS hardening effect, whereas higher contact angle and water absorption were computed for PCL/MS most due to new ways origin for the water get in as provided by MS. Related to crystallization kinetics Ozawa as displayed in the Appendix S1 failed to fit PCL/MS kinetics whereas Pseudo‐Avrami and Momay be safely used form processing purposes. Summing up, PCL/MS biocomposites were carefully investigated and gathered information may be promptly used in sundry applications as well as be added to the literature database.
Danilo D. Siqueira; Carlos B. B. Luna; Edcleide M. Araújo; Ana B. S. Barros; Renate M. R Wellen. Approaches on PCL /m acaíba biocomposites ‐ mechanical, thermal, morphological properties and crystallization kinetics. Polymers for Advanced Technologies 2021, 32, 3572 -3587.
AMA StyleDanilo D. Siqueira, Carlos B. B. Luna, Edcleide M. Araújo, Ana B. S. Barros, Renate M. R Wellen. Approaches on PCL /m acaíba biocomposites ‐ mechanical, thermal, morphological properties and crystallization kinetics. Polymers for Advanced Technologies. 2021; 32 (9):3572-3587.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDanilo D. Siqueira; Carlos B. B. Luna; Edcleide M. Araújo; Ana B. S. Barros; Renate M. R Wellen. 2021. "Approaches on PCL /m acaíba biocomposites ‐ mechanical, thermal, morphological properties and crystallization kinetics." Polymers for Advanced Technologies 32, no. 9: 3572-3587.
Use of fiber reinforced composites derived from renewable sources has increased in recent years, aiming at a balance between sustainability and technological development. This research sought to develop poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/poly (ε-caprolactone) (PCL) composites using wood powder (WP) as reinforcement. The composites were initially prepared in a co‐rotational twin‐screw extruder, and the extruded granules were then molded by injection. Mechanical properties (impact, traction, Shore D hardness), heat deflection temperature (HDT), differential scanning calorimetry, contact angle, and analysis with scanning electron microscopy were evaluated. ANSYS® computer simulation for mechanical performance of the materials was used to assess the performance of disposable cups. Impact strength for PLA/PCL bioblend and PLA/PCL/WP composites was higher than neat PLA. In addition, Shore D hardness, elongation at break, and HDT were on the same level as PLA, indicating that high WP concentrations did not severely compromise these properties. However, losses were observed in elastic modulus and tensile strength, and the PLA/PCL/WP composites increased the interaction with water, as reflected in the contact angle. From a practical standpoint, and as verified in the simulation, mechanical performance of the composites was satisfactory for the manufacture of disposable cups. The results are valuable for the area of recycling since it is possible to reuse and add value to a discarded material, thereby reducing costs and promoting sustainability.
Wallisson Alves da Silva; Carlos Bruno Barreto Luna; João Baptista Da Costa Agra De Melo; Edcleide Maria Araújo; Edson Antônio Dos Santos Filho; Raimundo Nonato Calazans Duarte. Feasibility of Manufacturing Disposable Cups using PLA/PCL Composites Reinforced with Wood Powder. Journal of Polymers and the Environment 2021, 29, 2932 -2951.
AMA StyleWallisson Alves da Silva, Carlos Bruno Barreto Luna, João Baptista Da Costa Agra De Melo, Edcleide Maria Araújo, Edson Antônio Dos Santos Filho, Raimundo Nonato Calazans Duarte. Feasibility of Manufacturing Disposable Cups using PLA/PCL Composites Reinforced with Wood Powder. Journal of Polymers and the Environment. 2021; 29 (9):2932-2951.
Chicago/Turabian StyleWallisson Alves da Silva; Carlos Bruno Barreto Luna; João Baptista Da Costa Agra De Melo; Edcleide Maria Araújo; Edson Antônio Dos Santos Filho; Raimundo Nonato Calazans Duarte. 2021. "Feasibility of Manufacturing Disposable Cups using PLA/PCL Composites Reinforced with Wood Powder." Journal of Polymers and the Environment 29, no. 9: 2932-2951.
Membrana pode ser definida como uma barreira, que separa duas fases e restringe o transporte de vários produtos químicos de forma seletiva, apresentando diferentes classificações, morfologias e geometrias. Esses materiais são utilizados em aplicações como: ultrafiltração, microfiltração, pervaporação, separação de gases, órgãos artificiais e outros fins médicos. Membranas sintéticas de fibra oca, obtidas com os diferentes tipos de materiais, vêm ganhando grande atenção nas últimas décadas devido às vantagens em relação à sua grande área específica e a maior compacidade em relação às membranas planas e tubulares utilizadas nos diversos processos de separação com membranas. As fibras ocas em sua grande maioria são preparadas por meio do método de inversão de fases, através da técnica de extrusão a frio com imersão por precipitação. O número de membranas poliméricas disponíveis comercialmente é maior quando comparado com os outros materiais, devido principalmente ao seu baixo custo, mas as membranas provenientes de materiais inorgânicos vêm ganhando uma maior atenção devido a propriedades como resistência química e térmica. Assim, o seguinte estudo tem como objetivo apresentar as principais características das membranas de fibra oca de diversos materiais, destacando as principais vantagens, os métodos de obtenção e aplicações.
Eduardo Da Silva Barbosa Ferreira; Rodholfo Da Silva Barbosa Ferreira; Carlos Bruno Barreto Luna; Edcleide Maria Araújo; Hélio De Lucena Lira. Membranas de fibra oca de diversos materiais e suas aplicações. Research, Society and Development 2021, 10, 1 .
AMA StyleEduardo Da Silva Barbosa Ferreira, Rodholfo Da Silva Barbosa Ferreira, Carlos Bruno Barreto Luna, Edcleide Maria Araújo, Hélio De Lucena Lira. Membranas de fibra oca de diversos materiais e suas aplicações. Research, Society and Development. 2021; 10 (1):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleEduardo Da Silva Barbosa Ferreira; Rodholfo Da Silva Barbosa Ferreira; Carlos Bruno Barreto Luna; Edcleide Maria Araújo; Hélio De Lucena Lira. 2021. "Membranas de fibra oca de diversos materiais e suas aplicações." Research, Society and Development 10, no. 1: 1.
Additive manufacturing is growing rapidly in the automotive, medical, and aerospace industries as an option for the manufacturing of products. However, there is a continuous growth in the amount of waste generated by 3D filaments, thus, the reuse practice becomes important, since it brings environmental and economic gains. The present research evaluated the mechanical, thermal, thermomechanical and rheological properties of PLA/PLAr blends containing post-consumption 3D filament. The blends were prepared in a co-rotational twin screw extruder and, subsequently, the extruded granules were injection molded. As the PLAr content in the blends (PLA/PLAr) increased, there was a reduction in viscosity, indicating an improvement in manufacturability. The PLA/PLAr blend (75/25 % wt.) increased the degree of crystallinity compared to neat PLA, indicating that PLAr acted as a nucleating agent. As a consequence, the PLA/PLAr blend (75/25 % wt.) showed performance comparable to neat PLA in thermal stability, elastic modulus, tensile strength, Shore D hardness, impact strength, heat deflection temperature (HDT) and Vicat softening temperature. The reuse of post-consumption 3D filament PLA is feasible for the development of materials with good properties. In addition, value is added to the post-consumption material and there is a contribution to sustainable development.
Wellerson Salomão Diniz Marinho; Carlos Bruno Barreto Luna; Edcleide Maria Araújo; Carlos Heitor De Andrade Lustosa; Celso Rosendo Bezerra Filho; Raimundo Nonato Calazans Duarte. From disposal to sustainable development: technological potential of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) blends with 3D filament waste. Research, Society and Development 2020, 9, 1 .
AMA StyleWellerson Salomão Diniz Marinho, Carlos Bruno Barreto Luna, Edcleide Maria Araújo, Carlos Heitor De Andrade Lustosa, Celso Rosendo Bezerra Filho, Raimundo Nonato Calazans Duarte. From disposal to sustainable development: technological potential of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) blends with 3D filament waste. Research, Society and Development. 2020; 9 (12):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleWellerson Salomão Diniz Marinho; Carlos Bruno Barreto Luna; Edcleide Maria Araújo; Carlos Heitor De Andrade Lustosa; Celso Rosendo Bezerra Filho; Raimundo Nonato Calazans Duarte. 2020. "From disposal to sustainable development: technological potential of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) blends with 3D filament waste." Research, Society and Development 9, no. 12: 1.
A demanda do mercado por polímeros biodegradáveis tem aumentado rapidamente, e a policaprolactona (PCL) aponta como opção interessante para indústria e a comunidade científica. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito do tratamento térmico de recozimento nas propriedades mecânicas (impacto, tração, flexão e dureza), termomecânicas (temperatura de deflexão térmica (HDT) e temperatura de amolecimento Vicat (TAV)) e térmicas (calorimetria exploratória diferencial (DSC) e termogravimetria (TG)), em corpos de prova injetados da PCL. Obteve-se aumento no módulo elástico, na resistência à tração, na dureza Shore D, na HDT, na TAV e na estabilidade térmica da PCL após tratamento térmico à 50°C. Enquanto, decréscimos foram verificados na resistência ao impacto e no alongamento na ruptura. No geral, o recozimento aumentou o desempenho da PCL e pode ser considerado como próspera metodologia na manipulação de propriedades almejadas para aplicações específicas.
Edson Antonio Dos Santos Filho; Carlos Bruno Barreto Luna; Danilo Diniz Siqueira; Edcleide Maria Araújo; Renate Maria Ramos Wellen. Efeito do recozimento nas propriedades mecânicas, térmicas e termomecânicas da PCL. Research, Society and Development 2020, 9, 1 .
AMA StyleEdson Antonio Dos Santos Filho, Carlos Bruno Barreto Luna, Danilo Diniz Siqueira, Edcleide Maria Araújo, Renate Maria Ramos Wellen. Efeito do recozimento nas propriedades mecânicas, térmicas e termomecânicas da PCL. Research, Society and Development. 2020; 9 (12):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleEdson Antonio Dos Santos Filho; Carlos Bruno Barreto Luna; Danilo Diniz Siqueira; Edcleide Maria Araújo; Renate Maria Ramos Wellen. 2020. "Efeito do recozimento nas propriedades mecânicas, térmicas e termomecânicas da PCL." Research, Society and Development 9, no. 12: 1.
The development of technologies to promote residual oil reuse has been encouraged, aiming to reduce the environmental impact and promote sustainability. In this study, a biphasic magnetic catalyst with composition equal to ZnO-Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 was synthesized and applied to the fatty acid alkyl ester (FAAE) production from residual oil. The ZnO-Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 catalyst was synthesized by combustion reaction and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), textural analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, thermogravimetry, particle size distribution, scanning electron microscopy, magnetic measurements, quantification of acidic sites by TPD-NH3, and catalytic tests. The efficiency of catalyst synthesis was evaluated by XRD, FTIR, and Raman spectroscopy experiments. Granulometric analysis and SEM images confirmed the presence of the agglomerates and particles with a wide size range. The catalyst presented soft magnetic behavior, with high saturation magnetization. Additionally, the catalytic activity of the ZnO-Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 system showed an average conversion of 73% for the methyl route. The results indicate that the reuse of residual oil is feasible for FAAE production, contributing to sustainable fuel development. Moreover, it allows the reintroduction of waste oil into the biodiesel production chain, reducing cost after process optimization.
Adriano Da Silva; Carlos Luna; Ana De Farias; Suelen De Medeiros; Simoni Meneghetti; Alisson Rodrigues; Ana Costa. From Disposal to Reuse: Production of Sustainable Fatty Acid Alkyl Esters Derived from Residual Oil Using a Biphasic Magnetic Catalyst. Sustainability 2020, 12, 10159 .
AMA StyleAdriano Da Silva, Carlos Luna, Ana De Farias, Suelen De Medeiros, Simoni Meneghetti, Alisson Rodrigues, Ana Costa. From Disposal to Reuse: Production of Sustainable Fatty Acid Alkyl Esters Derived from Residual Oil Using a Biphasic Magnetic Catalyst. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (23):10159.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAdriano Da Silva; Carlos Luna; Ana De Farias; Suelen De Medeiros; Simoni Meneghetti; Alisson Rodrigues; Ana Costa. 2020. "From Disposal to Reuse: Production of Sustainable Fatty Acid Alkyl Esters Derived from Residual Oil Using a Biphasic Magnetic Catalyst." Sustainability 12, no. 23: 10159.
Acrylonitrile‐butadiene‐styrene (ABS) functionalization is industrially important since it can wide the ABS application range. However, grafting of functional groups must be effective. This work aimed evaluating the effectiveness of ABS functionalization in an internal mixer, using maleic anhydride (MA) and dicumyl peroxide (DCP) as initiator, at 2.5% and 5.0%; and 0.3% and 0.5% contents respectively. Torque rheometry, melt flow rate (MFR), titration, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), contact angle, thermogravimetry (TG), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) were used to collect the main parameters of produced compounds. For ABS with 5% MA and 0.5% DCP, an efficiency of 62% was reached with the degree of grafting 3.1% MA. FTIR spectra confirmed new band in ABS chain in 1780 cm−1 due to the carbonyl group. Reduction in contact angle and thermal stability were verified, whereas MFR and torque rheometry suggested that viscosity decrease is most due to the molecular weight reduction. In general, MA grafted ABS presented proper functionalization with great potential for applications as reactive compatibilizer.
Carlos B. B. Luna; Danilo D. Siqueira; Edcleide M. Araújo; Renate M. R. Wellen; Tomás Jeferson Alves de Mélo. Approaches on the acrylonitrile‐butadiene‐styrene functionalization through maleic anhydride and dicumyl peroxide. Journal of Vinyl and Additive Technology 2020, 27, 308 -318.
AMA StyleCarlos B. B. Luna, Danilo D. Siqueira, Edcleide M. Araújo, Renate M. R. Wellen, Tomás Jeferson Alves de Mélo. Approaches on the acrylonitrile‐butadiene‐styrene functionalization through maleic anhydride and dicumyl peroxide. Journal of Vinyl and Additive Technology. 2020; 27 (2):308-318.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCarlos B. B. Luna; Danilo D. Siqueira; Edcleide M. Araújo; Renate M. R. Wellen; Tomás Jeferson Alves de Mélo. 2020. "Approaches on the acrylonitrile‐butadiene‐styrene functionalization through maleic anhydride and dicumyl peroxide." Journal of Vinyl and Additive Technology 27, no. 2: 308-318.
Biocomposites processed with polycaprolactone (PCL) and macaíba fiber (MF) were melting extruded in this work with MF content ranging from 10% to 20%. MF was naturally added to PCL as also chemically treated with maleic anhydride (MA), sodium hydroxide (NaOH), and 3-Methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (Silane). Afterwards biocomposite were thermally, spectroscopically, mechanically and morphologically characterized. From the gathered results, higher thermal stability was observed for biocomposites upon higher MF content, regarding the chemical treatment MA presented the best performance whereas NaOH the lowest, similar trend was also verified with mechanical behavior. From contact angle and water absorption results it was suggested macaíba oil exudation to the surface acts decreasing interaction with water and, therefore, increasing the contact angle, while the added MF provide more opened structure which favors the water entrance, whereas the time and polarity effects should be recognized, which eases H2O entrance from surface to biocomposites core and improve interactions between PCL matrix and MF, respectively being translated in higher compatible biocomposites. Summing up, biocomposites with 10% of natural or treated macaíba fiber presented the best synergism. MF addition to PCL provides a sustainable alternative to PCL biocomposites, besides supplying the literature with new information on applications of natural and chemically treated macaíba fibers.
D.D. Siqueira; C.B.B. Luna; E.S.B. Ferreira; E.M. Araújo; R.M.R. Wellen. Tailored PCL/Macaíba fiber to reach sustainable biocomposites. Journal of Materials Research and Technology 2020, 9, 9691 -9708.
AMA StyleD.D. Siqueira, C.B.B. Luna, E.S.B. Ferreira, E.M. Araújo, R.M.R. Wellen. Tailored PCL/Macaíba fiber to reach sustainable biocomposites. Journal of Materials Research and Technology. 2020; 9 (5):9691-9708.
Chicago/Turabian StyleD.D. Siqueira; C.B.B. Luna; E.S.B. Ferreira; E.M. Araújo; R.M.R. Wellen. 2020. "Tailored PCL/Macaíba fiber to reach sustainable biocomposites." Journal of Materials Research and Technology 9, no. 5: 9691-9708.
The practice of recycling over the years has been increasingly encouraged, with the aim being the manufacturing of materials that contribute to sustainable development. In light of this, the present work evaluated the potential of mixtures of polystyrene (PS)/recycled copolymer polypropylene (PPr), using styrene‐(ethylene/butylene)‐styrene (SEBS) as a compatibilizing agent. Initially, the mixtures were prepared in a co‐rotational twin‐screw extruder, and, afterwards, the extruded granules were molded by injection. The properties of torque rheometry, impact strength, tensile properties, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), heat deflection temperature (HDT), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were evaluated. The formulation PS/PPr/SEBS (70/20/10 %wt.) demonstrated an increase in viscosity, corroborating with an increase of 123% and 227% in the elongation at break and impact strength, respectively, compared to neat PS. Though the elastic modulus and tensile strength suffered losses, the reduction was not drastic. Furthermore, the addition of a semi‐crystalline recycled material in the amorphous matrix (PS) contributed to an increase in thermomechanical strength, as seen in the HDT. The morphology revealed that SEBS is effective in making PS/PPr mixtures compatible because the dispersed phase is well adhered to the PS matrix and promotes greater morphological stability. Thus, it is possible to add value to discarded material and reduce the costs of the final product, which can reduce pollution.
Carlos Luna; Danilo Siqueira; Eduardo Ferreira; Wallisson Silva; Jessika Nogueira; Edcleide Araújo. From Disposal to Technological Potential: Reuse of Polypropylene Waste from Industrial Containers as A Polystyrene Impact Modifier. Sustainability 2020, 12, 5272 .
AMA StyleCarlos Luna, Danilo Siqueira, Eduardo Ferreira, Wallisson Silva, Jessika Nogueira, Edcleide Araújo. From Disposal to Technological Potential: Reuse of Polypropylene Waste from Industrial Containers as A Polystyrene Impact Modifier. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (13):5272.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCarlos Luna; Danilo Siqueira; Eduardo Ferreira; Wallisson Silva; Jessika Nogueira; Edcleide Araújo. 2020. "From Disposal to Technological Potential: Reuse of Polypropylene Waste from Industrial Containers as A Polystyrene Impact Modifier." Sustainability 12, no. 13: 5272.
The aim of the present work is to evaluate the effect of NaOH solution as a stress cracking agent on the thermal and tensile properties of PET and PET/ZnO composites. The solutions were applied during tensile testing and the effects were monitored by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and testing the actual mechanical properties. The rate of crystallization was increased when the samples were exposed to NaOH, as observed by both cold and melt crystallization; this is possibly due to the reduction in molar mass of the PET molecules caused by NaOH. During melting, the DSC peaks became more complex, which is probably due to the distinct macromolecular mass, as well as crystallites with different sizes and levels of perfection. According to TGA analyses, no drastic changes were observed on the thermal stability of PET due to the action of NaOH. The tensile properties were shown to decrease drastically upon exposure to NaOH, which is the main symptom of stress cracking, leading to increased fragility, as also observed in the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images. The presence of ZnO improved PET crystallization and provided some protection against the harmful effects of NaOH.
Ana Beatriz De Sousa Barros; Rômulo De Freitas Farias; Danilo Diniz Siqueira; Carlos Bruno Barreto Luna; Edcleide Maria Araújo; Marcelo Silveira Rabello; Renate Maria Ramos Wellen. The Effect of ZnO on the Failure of PET by Environmental Stress Cracking. Materials 2020, 13, 2844 .
AMA StyleAna Beatriz De Sousa Barros, Rômulo De Freitas Farias, Danilo Diniz Siqueira, Carlos Bruno Barreto Luna, Edcleide Maria Araújo, Marcelo Silveira Rabello, Renate Maria Ramos Wellen. The Effect of ZnO on the Failure of PET by Environmental Stress Cracking. Materials. 2020; 13 (12):2844.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAna Beatriz De Sousa Barros; Rômulo De Freitas Farias; Danilo Diniz Siqueira; Carlos Bruno Barreto Luna; Edcleide Maria Araújo; Marcelo Silveira Rabello; Renate Maria Ramos Wellen. 2020. "The Effect of ZnO on the Failure of PET by Environmental Stress Cracking." Materials 13, no. 12: 2844.
RESUMO Neste estudo, foram avaliadas blendas de polipropileno copolímero (PPCop)/polipropileno reciclado (PPRec), proveniente de baldes industriais pós-consumo, em três proporções diferentes (80:20; 60:40 e 40:60% em peso). As blendas foram avaliadas por índice de fluidez, reometria de torque e reologia em regime dinâmico-oscilatório. Os resultados de índice de fluidez indicaram que a mistura de material reciclado com o PPCop promove uma diminuição da massa molar, em comparação ao PPCop. Por reometria de torque, verificou-se que as blendas melhoraram a processabilidade em comparação ao PPCop. Além disso, as blendas apresentaram estabilidade ao longo do processamento, indicando ausência de degradação para as condições de processos utilizadas. Por meio dos ensaios em regime dinâmico-oscilatório, observou-se que, em baixas frequências (< 1 rad/s), o PPCop e as blendas (PPCop/PPRec) apresentam um comportamento de fluido Newtoniano, enquanto que, para frequências maiores que 1 rad/s, um comportamento de fluido pseudoplástico. Os valores dos pontos de intersecção (G’ = G”) das curvas de módulo de armazenamento (G’) e de módulo de perda (G’’), em função da frequência angular (ω), indicaram que as blendas apresentaram uma redução da massa molar, sendo mais pronunciada na composição contendo 60% de PPRec. Os resultados reológicos das blendas PPCop/PPRec foram de grande relevância, uma vez que permitem analisar o comportamento de blendas contendo material reciclado.
Carlos Bruno Barreto Luna; Wallisson Alves Da Silva; Edcleide Maria Araújo; Danilo Diniz Siqueira; Akidauana Dandara Brito De Oliveira. Propriedades reológicas de blendas de polipropileno copolímero/polipropileno reciclado oriundo de recipientes industriais. Matéria (Rio de Janeiro) 2020, 25, 1 .
AMA StyleCarlos Bruno Barreto Luna, Wallisson Alves Da Silva, Edcleide Maria Araújo, Danilo Diniz Siqueira, Akidauana Dandara Brito De Oliveira. Propriedades reológicas de blendas de polipropileno copolímero/polipropileno reciclado oriundo de recipientes industriais. Matéria (Rio de Janeiro). 2020; 25 (3):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCarlos Bruno Barreto Luna; Wallisson Alves Da Silva; Edcleide Maria Araújo; Danilo Diniz Siqueira; Akidauana Dandara Brito De Oliveira. 2020. "Propriedades reológicas de blendas de polipropileno copolímero/polipropileno reciclado oriundo de recipientes industriais." Matéria (Rio de Janeiro) 25, no. 3: 1.
Reusing rubber waste from footwear industry emerges as great practise in order to reduce environmental damage on natural ecosystems. Based on this target, the present work aimed to apply the response surface methodology (RSM) to polystyrene/styrene-butadiene PS/SBRr blends compatibilized with styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene (SEBS). A mixture planning was applied to PS/SBRr/SEBS blends in order to investigate mechanical and thermomechanical behaviors as response variables. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to evaluate the morphology of investigated blends, which were melt extruded in a corrotational twin screw extruder and specimens were injection moulded. High impact strength, toughness, elongation at break and thermal deflection temperature (HDT) were achieved at SEBS rich region (~ 10%). At PS rich region, tensile strength, Shore D hardness and Vicat softening temperature (VST) were more expressive. Related to morphological character, blends with 10% SEBS presented the highest interfacial adhesion, with high level of plastic deformation. Gathered results show that depending on the composition, properties significantly change, being RSM a proper tool to preview trends on mechanical and thermomechanical properties.
Carlos Bruno Barreto Luna; Eduardo Da Silva Barbosa Ferreira; Danilo Diniz Siqueira; Edcleide Maria Araújo; Renate Maria Ramos Wellen. RSM applied to PS/SBRr/SEBS Blends. Proper tool for maximized properties. Materials Research Express 2020, 7, 015327 .
AMA StyleCarlos Bruno Barreto Luna, Eduardo Da Silva Barbosa Ferreira, Danilo Diniz Siqueira, Edcleide Maria Araújo, Renate Maria Ramos Wellen. RSM applied to PS/SBRr/SEBS Blends. Proper tool for maximized properties. Materials Research Express. 2020; 7 (1):015327.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCarlos Bruno Barreto Luna; Eduardo Da Silva Barbosa Ferreira; Danilo Diniz Siqueira; Edcleide Maria Araújo; Renate Maria Ramos Wellen. 2020. "RSM applied to PS/SBRr/SEBS Blends. Proper tool for maximized properties." Materials Research Express 7, no. 1: 015327.
Polyamide 6 (PA6) is a widely applied thermoplastic, however, drawbacks as low notch impact strength and high moisture absorption hinder its commercialization. Seeking improvements for PA6, this work investigated blends based on PA6/maleic anhydride grafted ethylene propylene diene copolymer (EPDM-MA) with 1% maleic anhydride (MA). In the first step, blends were processed using a co-rotational twin-screw extruder, afterwards, pellets were injection moulded. Torque rheometry, impact strength, tensile strength, thermal deflection temperature (HDT), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), contact angle and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were performed and the main properties were defined. Torque of PA6/EPDM-MA blends increased compared to neat PA6. Only subtle decreases were verified in the tensile strength, elastic modulus and HDT parameters. Nevertheless, significant increases were observed for the elongation at break and the impact strength. EPDM-MA addition to PA6 did not affect its melting and crystallization parameters. Contact angle of all blends increased when compared to PA6, suggesting higher hydrophobic character of PA6/EPDM-MA blends. Improved results were collected for EPDM-MA 10%, reaching increases of 850% and 213% in impact strength and elongation at break. From SEM images, particles were observed with diameters ranging from 0.1 to 2 µm, which were well dispersed and properly distributed in the PA6 matrix; additionally, for the blends with 10%; 12.5% and 15% EPDM-MA, higher level of plastic deformation was reached corroborating with the significant increase in the impact strength and elongation at break.
Carlos Bruno Barreto Luna; Danilo Diniz Siqueira; Eduardo Da Silva Barbosa Ferreira; Edcleide Maria Araújo; Renate Maria Ramos Wellen. Reactive compatibilization as a proper tool to improve PA6 toughness. Materials Research Express 2019, 6, 125367 .
AMA StyleCarlos Bruno Barreto Luna, Danilo Diniz Siqueira, Eduardo Da Silva Barbosa Ferreira, Edcleide Maria Araújo, Renate Maria Ramos Wellen. Reactive compatibilization as a proper tool to improve PA6 toughness. Materials Research Express. 2019; 6 (12):125367.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCarlos Bruno Barreto Luna; Danilo Diniz Siqueira; Eduardo Da Silva Barbosa Ferreira; Edcleide Maria Araújo; Renate Maria Ramos Wellen. 2019. "Reactive compatibilization as a proper tool to improve PA6 toughness." Materials Research Express 6, no. 12: 125367.
Polypropylene is one of the most consumed thermoplastics in the transformation industry, generating a large volume of post-consumer waste. The practice of reusing materials presents an opportunity for the revaluation of post-consumer plastic waste, aiming to minimize the negative impacts of its disposal. In this work, blends of copolymer polypropylene (PPCop) and recycled copolymer polypropylene (PPRec) from industrial containers were evaluated using 20, 40 and 60% of PPRec. The blends were initially prepared in a co-rotational twin screw extruder, and thereafter, the extruded granules were injection molded. The mechanical, thermal, thermomechanical properties and morphology of the blends produced were evaluated. There was an increase in elastic modulus, tensile strength, heat deflection temperature (HDT), Vicat softening temperature and thermal stability, as compared to the PPCop matrix. An increase in crystallinity was observed by Differential Exploration Calorimetry (DSC), being favored by the reduction of the blends viscosity as verified in the melt flow index (MFI). However, losses were seen in impact strength and elongation at break. The morphologies obtained with the Scanning Electronic Microscope (SEM) are typical of immiscible blends, with spherical domains dispersed in a continuous matrix. The results indicate that PPCop/PPRec blends can contain up to 60% of recycled material by weight, while maintaining quality and reducing the product final cost.
Carlos Bruno Barreto Luna; Eduardo Da Silva Barbosa Ferreira; Lara Júlia Medeiros Dantas Da Silva; Wallisson Alves Da Silva; Edcleide Maria Araújo; João Baptista Da Costa Agra De Melo. Blends with technological potential of copolymer polypropylene with polypropylene from post-consumer industrial containers. Materials Research Express 2019, 6, 125319 .
AMA StyleCarlos Bruno Barreto Luna, Eduardo Da Silva Barbosa Ferreira, Lara Júlia Medeiros Dantas Da Silva, Wallisson Alves Da Silva, Edcleide Maria Araújo, João Baptista Da Costa Agra De Melo. Blends with technological potential of copolymer polypropylene with polypropylene from post-consumer industrial containers. Materials Research Express. 2019; 6 (12):125319.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCarlos Bruno Barreto Luna; Eduardo Da Silva Barbosa Ferreira; Lara Júlia Medeiros Dantas Da Silva; Wallisson Alves Da Silva; Edcleide Maria Araújo; João Baptista Da Costa Agra De Melo. 2019. "Blends with technological potential of copolymer polypropylene with polypropylene from post-consumer industrial containers." Materials Research Express 6, no. 12: 125319.