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Max Sadovyy; Martín Sanchez-Gomez; Edgar Bresó. Corrigendum to “COVID-19: How the stress generated by the pandemic may affect work performance through the moderating role of emotional intelligence” [Personality and Individual Differences 180 (2021) 1–8/110986]. Personality and Individual Differences 2021, 111092 .
AMA StyleMax Sadovyy, Martín Sanchez-Gomez, Edgar Bresó. Corrigendum to “COVID-19: How the stress generated by the pandemic may affect work performance through the moderating role of emotional intelligence” [Personality and Individual Differences 180 (2021) 1–8/110986]. Personality and Individual Differences. 2021; ():111092.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMax Sadovyy; Martín Sanchez-Gomez; Edgar Bresó. 2021. "Corrigendum to “COVID-19: How the stress generated by the pandemic may affect work performance through the moderating role of emotional intelligence” [Personality and Individual Differences 180 (2021) 1–8/110986]." Personality and Individual Differences , no. : 111092.
This study aimed to assess the moderating effect of emotional intelligence (EI) in the direct impact of the stress generated by the pandemic on work performance and counterproductive work behaviors (CWB) in a multioccupational sample of 1048 professionals (60.7% women). The participants filled the Wong and Law Emotional Intelligence Scale, the Impact of Event Scale 6 and the Individual Work Performance Questionnaire. The results proved a relationship between Covid stress, performance and EI, which has a moderating effect between the stress and both indicators of performance, even when sociodemographic variables were controlled. In essence, professionals with high levels of EI and low Covid stress showed the highest performance and the lowest CWB when compared to those who presented less emotional capabilities and higher stress. These results confirm the importance of EI in improving the effectiveness of work performance and reinforce the role of EI as a protective variable that can safeguard occupational health.
Max Sadovyy; Martín Sánchez-Gómez; Edgar Bresó. COVID-19: How the stress generated by the pandemic may affect work performance through the moderating role of emotional intelligence. Personality and Individual Differences 2021, 180, 110986 .
AMA StyleMax Sadovyy, Martín Sánchez-Gómez, Edgar Bresó. COVID-19: How the stress generated by the pandemic may affect work performance through the moderating role of emotional intelligence. Personality and Individual Differences. 2021; 180 ():110986.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMax Sadovyy; Martín Sánchez-Gómez; Edgar Bresó. 2021. "COVID-19: How the stress generated by the pandemic may affect work performance through the moderating role of emotional intelligence." Personality and Individual Differences 180, no. : 110986.
The study of emotional intelligence (EI) in work environments is a trending topic. However, few studies have examined the relationship between EI and salary. Therefore, the presented research aims to analyze the influence of EI on salary using a multioccupational sample. The participants were 785 subjects aged between 18 and 58 years (M = 39.41; SD = 10.95). EI ability was measured using the Mobile Emotional Intelligence Test (MEIT), while the salary was collected together with other sociodemographic variables in a questionnaire created ad hoc. After controlling for the age, gender, social class, educational level, and work experience variables, the results of correlation and regression analysis showed that participants with higher EI and emotional-repair capacity generally have higher salary. These findings provide preliminary evidence that EI is a relevant variable in achieving career success. The ability to channel and manage emotions could help employees develop stronger interpersonal relationships, leading to higher positions and greater financial compensation.
Martin Sanchez-Gomez; Edgar Breso; Gabriele Giorgi. Could Emotional Intelligence Ability Predict Salary? A Cross-Sectional Study in a Multioccupational Sample. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2021, 18, 1322 .
AMA StyleMartin Sanchez-Gomez, Edgar Breso, Gabriele Giorgi. Could Emotional Intelligence Ability Predict Salary? A Cross-Sectional Study in a Multioccupational Sample. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18 (3):1322.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMartin Sanchez-Gomez; Edgar Breso; Gabriele Giorgi. 2021. "Could Emotional Intelligence Ability Predict Salary? A Cross-Sectional Study in a Multioccupational Sample." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 3: 1322.
Recientes investigaciones han expuesto la relación entre vivir situaciones de vulnerabilidad social y padecer consecuencias negativas, especialmente en la población más joven. No obstante, diferentes estudios afirman la existencia de factores protectores, entre ellos la inteligencia emocional (IE), los cuales pueden jugar un papel clave a la hora de reducir los efectos negativos de vivir en esta situación. El objetivo principal de este trabajo fue desarrollar un programa de intervención para mejorar las habilidades emocionales en niños y niñas de entre 6 y 12 años en situación de riesgo de exclusión y vulnerabilidad social. El programa formativo se desarrolla durante 13 sesiones de hora y media. En él se trabaja la mejora de los componentes básicos de la IE propuestos en el modelo teórico de Mayer y Salovey, es decir, percepción y expresión, facilitación, comprensión y regulación emocional. Finalmente, se plantean las implicaciones prácticas que puede tener su uso y los avances necesarios para mejorar la adaptación de este grupo poblacional cuando experimentan una situación de riesgo y vulnerabilidad social.
Martín Sánchez Gómez; Adriana Roures; Patricia Flor Arasil; Edgar Bresó. Propuesta de intervención para el desarrollo de la inteligencia emocional en menores en situación de riesgo y vulnerabilidad social. Apuntes Universitarios 2021, 11, 194 -213.
AMA StyleMartín Sánchez Gómez, Adriana Roures, Patricia Flor Arasil, Edgar Bresó. Propuesta de intervención para el desarrollo de la inteligencia emocional en menores en situación de riesgo y vulnerabilidad social. Apuntes Universitarios. 2021; 11 (2):194-213.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMartín Sánchez Gómez; Adriana Roures; Patricia Flor Arasil; Edgar Bresó. 2021. "Propuesta de intervención para el desarrollo de la inteligencia emocional en menores en situación de riesgo y vulnerabilidad social." Apuntes Universitarios 11, no. 2: 194-213.
En los últimos años ha crecido exponencialmente el interés por conocer el papel que juega la práctica continuada de mindfulness, especialmente en el ámbito educativo. El objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar el efecto de un programa de mindfulness sobre el bienestar emocional, así como sobre la percepción del docente respecto a la capacidad de atención, el rendimiento escolar y el clima del aula en preescolares. El programa de intervención educativa, centrado en la práctica de mindfulness, se implementó durante 12 semanas en un centro educativo público de la comunidad autónoma de Madrid (España), en un grupo-clase de 25 alumnos de último curso de educación infantil (5-6 años). De forma paralela, se evalúo un grupo control de 24 niños de la misma escuela y edad. Empleando una metodología mixta (análisis cuantitativo y cualitativo), se completó un cuestionario para conocer el bienestar emocional y se realizaron entrevistas con el docente para evaluar su percepción acerca de la capacidad de atención y el rendimiento académico del alumnado, así como del clima del aula. Los resultados mostraron una relación positiva entre la implementación del programa y el bienestar emocional de los alumnos. Además, tras el programa, el profesor informó de una mejora en la capacidad de atención y el rendimiento escolar, así como en el clima del aula. En conclusión, la práctica continuada de mindfulness podría favorecer el bienestar emocional, la capacidad de atención, el rendimiento escolar y el clima del aula en educación infantil. Se requieren futuros estudios que clarifiquen la influencia de la implementación e integración de la práctica del mindfulness en el ámbito educativo sobre estas variables.
Martín Sánchez-Gómez; Mireia Adelantado-Renau; Mónica Huerta Andrés; Edgar Breso. Mindfulness en educación infantil. Academia y Virtualidad 2020, 13, 133 -144.
AMA StyleMartín Sánchez-Gómez, Mireia Adelantado-Renau, Mónica Huerta Andrés, Edgar Breso. Mindfulness en educación infantil. Academia y Virtualidad. 2020; 13 (2):133-144.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMartín Sánchez-Gómez; Mireia Adelantado-Renau; Mónica Huerta Andrés; Edgar Breso. 2020. "Mindfulness en educación infantil." Academia y Virtualidad 13, no. 2: 133-144.
Previous research has highlighted the connection between emotional intelligence (EI) and work performance. However, the role of job burnout in this context remains relatively unexplored. This study aimed to examine the mediator role of burnout in the relationship between EI and work performance in a multioccupational sample of 1197 Spanish professionals (58.6% women). The participants completed the Wong and Law Emotional Intelligence Scale, the Maslach Burnout Inventory, and the Individual Work Performance Questionnaire. As expected, the results demonstrated a positive relationship between EI and performance, and a negative relationship with burnout, which has a mediator effect in the relationship between EI and work performance. Professionals with high levels of IE and low burnout reported the highest performance. Multiple mediation analyses showed that employees’ EI was indirectly connected to work performance via professional efficacy and exhaustion, even when controlling the effects of sociodemographic variables. The same pattern was found when multiple mediations were conducted for each EI dimension. These findings demonstrate the importance of burnout in understanding work performance and emphasize the role of EI as a protective variable which can prevent the development or chronic progression of workers’ burnout.
Martin Sanchez-Gomez; Edgar Breso. In Pursuit of Work Performance: Testing the Contribution of Emotional Intelligence and Burnout. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, 17, 5373 .
AMA StyleMartin Sanchez-Gomez, Edgar Breso. In Pursuit of Work Performance: Testing the Contribution of Emotional Intelligence and Burnout. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17 (15):5373.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMartin Sanchez-Gomez; Edgar Breso. 2020. "In Pursuit of Work Performance: Testing the Contribution of Emotional Intelligence and Burnout." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 15: 5373.
Objetivo: analizar la evidencia empírica disponible sobre los programas de intervención de Mindfulness e Inteligencia Emocional para la prevención de recaídas en personas entratamiento. Metodología: en la estrategia de búsqueda se incluyeron descriptores en los idiomas inglés (Mindfulness, emotional intelligence, relapse prevention) y español (atención plena, inteligencia emocional, prevención de la recaída). Resultados: se identifió efecto significativo de la práctica de Mindfulness, sobre la inteligencia eemocional al apoyar en la regulación de las emociones y su vez prevenirposibles recaídas. Conclusion: continuar investigando sobre el Mindfulness y sus efectos sobre la inteligencia emocional en diferentes contextos.
Julia Lizeth Villarrea Villarrea Mata; Edna Idalia Paulina Navarro Navarro Oliva; Edgar Bresó Esteve; Linda Azucena Rodríguez Puente; María Magdalena Magdalena Alonso-Castillo; Reyna Torres Obregón. Mindfulness e inteligencia emocional en la prevención de recaídas en personas en tratamiento: una revisión. SMAD Revista Eletrônica Saúde Mental Álcool e Drogas (Edição em Português) 2020, 16, 81 -87.
AMA StyleJulia Lizeth Villarrea Villarrea Mata, Edna Idalia Paulina Navarro Navarro Oliva, Edgar Bresó Esteve, Linda Azucena Rodríguez Puente, María Magdalena Magdalena Alonso-Castillo, Reyna Torres Obregón. Mindfulness e inteligencia emocional en la prevención de recaídas en personas en tratamiento: una revisión. SMAD Revista Eletrônica Saúde Mental Álcool e Drogas (Edição em Português). 2020; 16 (3):81-87.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJulia Lizeth Villarrea Villarrea Mata; Edna Idalia Paulina Navarro Navarro Oliva; Edgar Bresó Esteve; Linda Azucena Rodríguez Puente; María Magdalena Magdalena Alonso-Castillo; Reyna Torres Obregón. 2020. "Mindfulness e inteligencia emocional en la prevención de recaídas en personas en tratamiento: una revisión." SMAD Revista Eletrônica Saúde Mental Álcool e Drogas (Edição em Português) 16, no. 3: 81-87.
The present study analyzes the Mobile Emotional Intelligence Test (MEIT), a new ability-test to assess emotional intelligence (EI) in a digital way. Taking into account the importance of emotional competencies in the study of employees’ wellbeing and performance, the instrument tested is based on the most supported ability model (Four-branch Mayer and Salovey Model), and it evaluates emotional capacity through nine different emotional tasks. A total of 1549 participants (841 women and 708 men) with an average age of 27.77 (SD = 8.75) fulfilled the MEIT, consisting of 42 items. The score on the test is based on expert judgments: professional psychologists and emotional intelligence specialists. In addition to the MEIT test, a series of questionnaires was used to assess relevant constructs which research has shown to be related to EI (general intelligence, personality traits, and life satisfaction); besides, another measure of emotional intelligence trait (TMMS-24) was included. The results showed that the MEIT is a reliable and valid test that is useful for both scientific research and individual assessment. Statistical analysis provides evidence of the reliability and validity of the three-factor structure of the questionnaire. Moreover, internal consistency measures were high. In line with previous studies, MEIT maintains the expected relationships with the rest of the constructs studied. Finally, the limitations of the present study and the need for future research on emotional intelligence assessment are discussed.
Martin Sanchez-Gomez; Edgar Breso. The Mobile Emotional Intelligence Test (MEIT): An Ability Test to Assess Emotional Intelligence at Work. Sustainability 2019, 11, 827 .
AMA StyleMartin Sanchez-Gomez, Edgar Breso. The Mobile Emotional Intelligence Test (MEIT): An Ability Test to Assess Emotional Intelligence at Work. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (3):827.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMartin Sanchez-Gomez; Edgar Breso. 2019. "The Mobile Emotional Intelligence Test (MEIT): An Ability Test to Assess Emotional Intelligence at Work." Sustainability 11, no. 3: 827.
This study aimed to add to knowledge by providing a more systematic integration of work characteristics, workers’ health and performance. The two-wave multi-source study was conducted to test the relationship over time between the healthy states of groups of service-oriented workers and their service effectiveness when their organizations provide facilitators such as training, technical support and autonomy. The study takes healthy states to be a composite of affective-motivational and competent collective states (collective vigour and service competence) and service effectiveness. Service effectiveness was a combination of service quality as assessed by customers and their loyalty intentions. Data from 53 hotels and restaurants in Spain were aggregated from 256 boundary workers (i.e. workers in direct contact with customers) and 530 customers at Time 1 and from 470 customers at Time 2 six month later. Structural equation modelling showed that organizational facilitators at Time 1 were related to the service effectiveness reported by customers at Time 2, and also that there was a relationship between service effectiveness at Time 1 and the healthy states reported by the groups at Time 2. That is, contrary to what is widely believed, there was an influence of performance on well-being.
Esther Gracia; Marisa Salanova; Edgar Bresó; Eva Cifre. The role of organizational facilitators in promoting job-related mental health and group service effectiveness: a two-wave analysis. Work & Stress 2016, 30, 262 -277.
AMA StyleEsther Gracia, Marisa Salanova, Edgar Bresó, Eva Cifre. The role of organizational facilitators in promoting job-related mental health and group service effectiveness: a two-wave analysis. Work & Stress. 2016; 30 (3):262-277.
Chicago/Turabian StyleEsther Gracia; Marisa Salanova; Edgar Bresó; Eva Cifre. 2016. "The role of organizational facilitators in promoting job-related mental health and group service effectiveness: a two-wave analysis." Work & Stress 30, no. 3: 262-277.
Research has demonstrated the many benefits of mindfulness training programmes for individual health and well-being. This study, however, explored whether mindfulness training might have effects on intergroup interaction. We tested the effects of a self-observation-based mindfulness course on several dimensions of acceptance of the other (i.e., non-judgement, non-reaction and observation). An initial study test a mindfulness course training (N = 197). A second study then tested its effect on intergroup relationships (N = 120). A control group was used in both studies, and the subjects were tested before and after the course. Results indicate that participation in the course favoured intergroup acceptance of the other and suggest that mindfulness training represents a useful educational method for reducing social discrimination.
Daniel Pinazo; Edgar Breso. The effects of a self-observation-based meditation intervention on acceptance or rejection of the other. International Journal of Psychology 2015, 52, 300 -307.
AMA StyleDaniel Pinazo, Edgar Breso. The effects of a self-observation-based meditation intervention on acceptance or rejection of the other. International Journal of Psychology. 2015; 52 (4):300-307.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDaniel Pinazo; Edgar Breso. 2015. "The effects of a self-observation-based meditation intervention on acceptance or rejection of the other." International Journal of Psychology 52, no. 4: 300-307.
ResumenEl liderazgo transformacional (LT) destaca, en su formulación teórica, por su influencia sobre la motivación. Sin embargo, los estudios empíricos han considerado la motivación como un constructo general y no de forma integrada, distinguiendo distintos constructos motivacionales. Este estudio empírico analiza la influencia del LT sobre la motivación intrínseca esperada (MIEs) basada en el modelo ASH-Mot. Para ello se tomó una muestra de 575 empleados correspondientes a dos organizaciones españolas a quienes se aplicaron los cuestionarios ASH-Mot y ASH-Lid (este último basado en el Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire, MLQ). Los análisis de modelos de ecuaciones estructurales muestran apoyo empírico a la relación entre LT y la MIEs. También los resultados muestran apoyo empírico a la mediación de la instrumentalidad entre el LT y la MIEs. Por otra parte, el análisis multi-grupo con modelos de ecuaciones estructurales muestra la invarianza del modelo, poniendo en evidencia la robustez del modelo postulado.AbstractIn the theoretical formul ation of transformational leadership (TL), its influence on motivation stands out. However, empirical studies have considered motivation as a general construct but have not distinguished different motivational constructs. This empirical study analyzes the influence of TL on Expected Intrinsic Motivation (EIM) based on the ASH-Mot model. A sample of 575 employees from two Spanish organizations was chosen. Two questionnaires were applied, ASH-Mot and ASH-Lid, the latter based on the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ). The Structural Equation Modeling shows empirical support for the relationship between TL and EIM. Results also show empirical support for the mediation of instrumentality between TL and EIM. Moreover, the multiple-group analysis showed the invariance of the model across samples, thereby highlighting the robustness of the hypothesized model
Rodrigo Godoy; Edgar Bresó. ¿Es el liderazgo transformacional determinante en la motivación intrínseca de los seguidores? Revista de Psicología del Trabajo y de las Organizaciones 2013, 29, 59 -64.
AMA StyleRodrigo Godoy, Edgar Bresó. ¿Es el liderazgo transformacional determinante en la motivación intrínseca de los seguidores? Revista de Psicología del Trabajo y de las Organizaciones. 2013; 29 (2):59-64.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRodrigo Godoy; Edgar Bresó. 2013. "¿Es el liderazgo transformacional determinante en la motivación intrínseca de los seguidores?" Revista de Psicología del Trabajo y de las Organizaciones 29, no. 2: 59-64.
Marisa Salanova; Susana Llorens; Monica Garcia; Raul Burriel; Edgar Breso. Burnout Among Spanish Employees: A Confirmatory Factor Analysis. PsycEXTRA Dataset 2013, 1 .
AMA StyleMarisa Salanova, Susana Llorens, Monica Garcia, Raul Burriel, Edgar Breso. Burnout Among Spanish Employees: A Confirmatory Factor Analysis. PsycEXTRA Dataset. 2013; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarisa Salanova; Susana Llorens; Monica Garcia; Raul Burriel; Edgar Breso. 2013. "Burnout Among Spanish Employees: A Confirmatory Factor Analysis." PsycEXTRA Dataset , no. : 1.
Using the Social Cognitive Theory as a theoretical framework, this study evaluated a 4-month, individual cognitive-behavioral intervention program to decrease burnout and increase self-efficacy, engagement, and performance among university students. The main objective of the intervention was to decrease the anxiety the students coped with before exams in order to increase their beliefs of self-efficacy. Besides the study group intervened, two control groups were involved (i.e., a “stressed” control group and a “healthy” control group). All 3 groups filled out a questionnaire before the intervention and then again 6 months later (2 months after the intervention was completed). The results show that self-efficacy, engagement and performance increased in the intervened group when compared to both control groups. Regarding burnout, decreases were noted in both the intervened and stressed control groups but not in the healthy control group. The implications of the study are discussed, together with its limitations and suggestions for future research.
Edgar Breso; Wilmar Schaufeli; Marisa Salanova. Can a self-efficacy-based intervention decrease burnout, increase engagement, and enhance performance? A quasi-experimental study. Higher Education 2010, 61, 339 -355.
AMA StyleEdgar Breso, Wilmar Schaufeli, Marisa Salanova. Can a self-efficacy-based intervention decrease burnout, increase engagement, and enhance performance? A quasi-experimental study. Higher Education. 2010; 61 (4):339-355.
Chicago/Turabian StyleEdgar Breso; Wilmar Schaufeli; Marisa Salanova. 2010. "Can a self-efficacy-based intervention decrease burnout, increase engagement, and enhance performance? A quasi-experimental study." Higher Education 61, no. 4: 339-355.
Most people would agree with the maxim that “success breeds success.” However, this is not the whole story. The current study investigated the additional impact of psychosocial factors (i.e., performance obstacles and facilitators) as well as psychological well-being (i.e., burnout and engagement) on success (i.e., academic performance). More specifically, our purpose was to show that, instead of directly affecting future performance, obstacles and facilitators exert an indirect effect via well-being. A total of 527 university students comprised the sample and filled out a questionnaire. We obtained their previous and future academic performance Grade Point Average (GPA) from the university's records. Structural equations modeling showed that the best predictor of future performance was the students’ previous performance. As expected, study engagement mediated the relationship between performance obstacles and facilitators on the one hand, and future performance on the other. Contrary to expectations, burnout did not predict future performance, although, it is significantly associated with the presence of obstacles and the absence of facilitators. Our results illustrate that, although “success breeds success” (i.e., the best predictor of future performance is past performance), positive psychological states like study engagement are also important in explaining future performance, at least more so than negative states like study burnout.
Marisa Salanova; Wilmar Schaufeli; Isabel Maria Martinez Martinez; Edgar Breso. How obstacles and facilitators predict academic performance: the mediating role of study burnout and engagement. Anxiety, Stress & Coping 2010, 23, 53 -70.
AMA StyleMarisa Salanova, Wilmar Schaufeli, Isabel Maria Martinez Martinez, Edgar Breso. How obstacles and facilitators predict academic performance: the mediating role of study burnout and engagement. Anxiety, Stress & Coping. 2010; 23 (1):53-70.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarisa Salanova; Wilmar Schaufeli; Isabel Maria Martinez Martinez; Edgar Breso. 2010. "How obstacles and facilitators predict academic performance: the mediating role of study burnout and engagement." Anxiety, Stress & Coping 23, no. 1: 53-70.
This article contributes to the ongoing debate about whether or not lack of efficacy constitutes the “third dimension” of burnout. This debate is obscured by the fact that lack of efficacy is measured by positively framed efficacy items that are reversed in order to be indicative of burnout. Instead, this study includes an inefficacy scale that consists of negatively worded items that are not reversed. In two samples of university students from Spain (n= 193) and The Netherlands (n= 235), the factor structure of the traditional Maslach Burnout Inventory‐Student Survey (MBI‐SS), that includes an “efficacy” scale, is assessed and compared with that of academic burnout that includes an “inefficacy” scale instead. Confirmatory factor analyses in both samples showed a slightly better fit of the latter. Furthermore, results were remarkably similar across samples, which illustrates the robustness of our findings. It is concluded that in future research, instead of efficacy, an inefficacy scale should be used to assess burnout. Cet article contribue à savoir si le manque d’efficacité est ou n’est pas la troisième dimension constitutive du burnout. Au lieu de mesurer le manque d’efficacité au moyen d’items efficacité construits positivement et qui sont inversés pour être des indicateurs du burnout, cette étude introduit une échelle d’inefficacité composée d’items formulés négativement et qui n’ont donc pas àêtre inversés. Deux échantillons d’étudiants espagnols (n= 193) et néerlandais (n= 235) ont répondu au traditionnel Maslach Burnout Inventory‐Student Survey (MBI‐SS) qui comprend une échelle d’efficacité. La structure factorielle qui s’en dégage a été comparée à celle qui inclut une échelle d’inefficacité. Comme attendu, les analyses factorielles sur les deux échantillons montrent une légère supériorité de la seconde. En outre, les résultats des deux échantillons sont particulièrement proches ce qui illustre la robustesse de nos résultats. En conclusion, on peut dire que dans les recherches futures, plutôt qu’une échelle d’efficacité pour mesurer le burnout, on pourrait lui préférer une échelle d’inefficacité.
Edgar Bresó; Marisa Salanova; Wilmar Schaufeli. In Search of the "Third Dimension" of Burnout: Efficacy or Inefficacy? Applied Psychology 2007, 56, 460 -478.
AMA StyleEdgar Bresó, Marisa Salanova, Wilmar Schaufeli. In Search of the "Third Dimension" of Burnout: Efficacy or Inefficacy? Applied Psychology. 2007; 56 (3):460-478.
Chicago/Turabian StyleEdgar Bresó; Marisa Salanova; Wilmar Schaufeli. 2007. "In Search of the "Third Dimension" of Burnout: Efficacy or Inefficacy?" Applied Psychology 56, no. 3: 460-478.
This article investigated whether cynicism and depersonalization are two different dimensions of burnout or whether they may be collapsed into one construct of mental distance. Using confirmatory factor analyses in two samples of teachers ( n = 483) and blue-collar workers ( n = 474), a superior fit was found for the four-factor model that contained cynicism, depersonalization, exhaustion, and professional efficacy as dimensions of burnout. In particular, cynicism and depersonalization emerged as unique burnout dimensions. Moreover, it appeared from multigroup analyses that this four-dimensional structure of burnout is partially invariant across both samples. Cynicism and depersonalization seemed to play a different role in both samples, particularly as far as their relationship with professional efficacy is concerned. It is recommended that future research on burnout should include the cynicism and depersonalization constructs.
Marisa Salanova; Susana Llorens; Mónica García-Renedo; Raül Burriel; Edgar Bresó; Wilmar B. Schaufeli. Towards a Four-Dimensional Model of Burnout: A Multigroup Factor-Analytic Study Including Depersonalization and Cynicism. Educational and Psychological Measurement 2005, 65, 807 -819.
AMA StyleMarisa Salanova, Susana Llorens, Mónica García-Renedo, Raül Burriel, Edgar Bresó, Wilmar B. Schaufeli. Towards a Four-Dimensional Model of Burnout: A Multigroup Factor-Analytic Study Including Depersonalization and Cynicism. Educational and Psychological Measurement. 2005; 65 (5):807-819.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarisa Salanova; Susana Llorens; Mónica García-Renedo; Raül Burriel; Edgar Bresó; Wilmar B. Schaufeli. 2005. "Towards a Four-Dimensional Model of Burnout: A Multigroup Factor-Analytic Study Including Depersonalization and Cynicism." Educational and Psychological Measurement 65, no. 5: 807-819.