The risk is a measurable part of uncertainty, for which we are able to estimate the occurrence probability and the size of damage. The risk is assumed as a deviation from the desired level. It can be positive or, which most often happens, it can be negative. Therefore, the risks analysis is so important for project selection and coordination of construction work. The risk analysis is regarded as the analysis of adverse events even at the stage of planning and programming of a construction project. This analysis enriches the decision-making process and provides additional arguments, which help to select the optimal variant of a construction project using the Multi-Aspects approach. This article presents three different methods of the risk analysis as well as highlighting their disadvantages, advantages and primary areas of application (selection or pre-estimation). These methods differ in their methodology from each other. The verification was started from the simplest techniques using some qualitative variables. This method is based on the considerable subjectivity of a decision maker although it is relatively simple and easy to use. The analysis was finished on the statistical method, which determines the type of used data therefore it affects the quality of the results. The areas of application and analytical capacity of the listed methods are illustrated with the short examples, simultaneously outlining their characteristics from the analysis. The research problems, which are the canvas of application of the discussed methods are not mutually interrelated. They present different aspects of variants of the investment process

The paper presents the evolution of concepts, an overview of research and applications pertaining to reliability in construction production, the use of reserves, robust itineraries, and contingency of time and cost. It describes areas of management advisory systems in relation to the cycle of risk analysis. The article also presents the main trends in different approaches to risk management in construction and construction project processes, such as reliability of production, discount methods, methods of reporting, integrated management together with trends towards standardisation of the investment process management. The discussion is embedded in the specific context: the achievements of trilateral academic colloquia, with participation of Lithuania, Germany and Poland, and a review of work by Professor Kapliński, the chair of the Polish delegation to the aforementioned colloquia. Santrauka Straipsnyje pateikiama koncepcijų raida, mokslinių tyrimų ir taikomųjų programų, susijusių su statybos produkcijos pati-kimumu, atsargų, patikimų maršrutų bei laiko ir lėšų naudojimo nenumatytais atvejais, apžvalga. Aprašomos valdymo konsultavimo sistemų sritys, atsižvelgiant į rizikos analizės ciklą. Straipsnyje taip pat apžvelgiamos pagrindinės skirtingų požiūrių į rizikos valdymą statybos ir statybos projektavimo procesų metu tendencijos, pavyzdžiui, gamybos patikimumo, diskonto metodai, atskaitomybės metodai, integruotas valdymas bei investicinio proceso valdymo standartizavimo ten-dencijos. Diskusija pateikiama specifiniame trišalio akademinio bendradarbiavimo, dalyvaujant Lietuvai, Vokietijai ir Lenkijai, bei Lenkijos delegacijos pirmininko profesoriaus Kapliński pasiekimų kontekste.

Risk, as a factor adversely affecting the project, is taken into account as early as at the first stage of the investment process when the tender is won for a contract. The risk level, identified for a particular construction contract, is a serious factor influencing the decision about accepting the contract or not. The key issue is proper identification of contract risk. The risk factors which have a significant impact on the success of the project, and are most common ones, are then analyzed. The method of verification depends on the company's experience in the construction industry. The task of the article is to present the results of studies focused on separating and determining the frequency of financial risk factors in construction projects and their impact on project implementation. We have analyzed 30 construction projects (office buildings, production halls, educational buildings, demolition works, etc.) completed in north-western Poland. The degree of risk (planned and real) for the contract was set as a percentage in relation to the size of contract (costs in million PLN). The aim of the study was to verify the existence of relationship between the kind of structure, the size of contract, and the scope and degree of risk. Statistical approach has been used. This study is a prelude to determining the contract risks identification procedure (i.e., estimating reserves to be used in unforeseen circumstances) so that the company could be competitive, and the price offer to be provided to investors could be advantageous

The problems related to construction production are multi-faceted and complex. This has promoted the search for different methods/approaches for analizing the data which supports the decision-making process in the construction industry. In the article the authors focus their attention on well-known methods and tools, and on some new approaches to solving decision-making problems. The aim of the article is to analyze the methods used to analyse data in a construction company, convey their advantages and disadvantages, and specify the degree of efficiency in the discussed area.

The accomplishment of building investments is a long-lasting process resulting in considerable financial outlays. Crucial decisions concerning construction solutions, technology of execution, organization of construction works are taken at the stage of planning and programming. At that time it is possible to predict the budget of an undertaking when it comes to preliminary cost estimation. However, taking accidentality, uncertainty of results, appearance of factors that were not planned earlier into account, it is important to know the total value of works. The solutions adopted at the stage of planning are reflected in costs in life cycle and determine the kind and range of possible risks. PERT approach used in the paper allows to present the costs of separate stages of the whole undertaking in ranges along with the probability of appearance.

Deterioration of real estate and forecast of the remaining period of its service life are important parameters for the real estate valuation process. In the literature we can find several formulas which determine the deterioration degree depending on the period length of building facility service life. However, as shown by the analysis conducted in this paper, the authors obtained the mixed results depending on the taken approach. Thus, the following questions arise: what to look for when choosing a formula and what degree of risk is associated with the determination of the deterioration degree. It is well-known that the deterioration is influenced by many factors. However for its determination it is required knowledge about its course, character and period of previous service life, carried out repairs, major repairs and modernizations, as well as used materials and durability of a building facility. From the perspective of the analyzes, it seems appropriate to take further researches towards developing of a procedure that will allow to select one of the available formulas, due to the pre-determined parameters (e.g. the quality of building facility maintenance).