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The use of mulching in agriculture suppresses the weeds around crop plants, enhances the nutrients status of soil, controls the soil structure and temperature, and reduces soil water evaporation. Excessive use of low-density polyethylene mulches is contributing to the accumulation of high amounts of plastic wastes, an environmental problem for agricultural ecosystems. Fragments of plastic from such wastes can be found in soils, in water resources, and in organisms, including humans. The objective of this work was to study the economic viability of the use of different hydromulches in an artichoke crop. Three blends were prepared by mixing paper pulp (recycled from used paper) and cardboard (from paper mills) with different additives: wheat straw (WS), rice hulls (RH), and substrate used for mushroom cultivation (MS). These were compared with low-density polyethylene (Pe), a treatment without mulching on bare soil where hand weeding was performed (HW), and a treatment without mulching on bare soil where herbicide was applied (H). The results indicate that the use of hydromulch in an artichoke crop represents a good alternative for reducing plastic waste in agriculture. The net profits of the hydromulch treatments (MS, WS, RH) were higher than for HW and H, and slightly lower than for Pe. The most profitable treatment was Pe (€0.69 m−3), followed by RH (€0.59 m−3), WS (€0.58 m−3), MS (€0.47 m−3), HW (€0.36 m−3), and H (€0.32 m−3). A sensitivity analysis showed a probability of negative results of 0.04 in Pe, 0.13 in SM, 0.08 in WS, and 0.07 in RH, so the probability that the grower will make a profit is greater than 0.9 with the use of mulch (except mushroom substrate) or polyethylene.
Josefa López-Marín; Miriam Romero; Amparo Gálvez; Francisco del Amor; Maria Piñero; José Brotons-Martínez. The Use of Hydromulching as an Alternative to Plastic Films in an Artichoke (Cynara cardunculus cv. Symphony) Crop: A Study of the Economic Viability. Sustainability 2021, 13, 5313 .
AMA StyleJosefa López-Marín, Miriam Romero, Amparo Gálvez, Francisco del Amor, Maria Piñero, José Brotons-Martínez. The Use of Hydromulching as an Alternative to Plastic Films in an Artichoke (Cynara cardunculus cv. Symphony) Crop: A Study of the Economic Viability. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (9):5313.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJosefa López-Marín; Miriam Romero; Amparo Gálvez; Francisco del Amor; Maria Piñero; José Brotons-Martínez. 2021. "The Use of Hydromulching as an Alternative to Plastic Films in an Artichoke (Cynara cardunculus cv. Symphony) Crop: A Study of the Economic Viability." Sustainability 13, no. 9: 5313.
This work has been focused on the study of how we can affect the short heat stress on the bioactive compounds content. Some recent investigations have observed that management of nitrogen fertilization can alleviate short-term heat effects on plants. Additionally, the short-term heat stress can be also ameliorated by using putrescine, a polyamine, due to its crucial role in the adaptation of plants to heat stress Therefore, different NO3 −/NH4 + ratios and a foliar putrescine treatment have been used in order to increase tolerance to thermal stress in order to take advantage of the more frequent and intense heat waves and make this crop more sustainable. So, other objective of this work is to make the cauliflower waste more attractive for nutraceutical and pharmaceutical preparations. Thus, the effect of a thermal stress combined with a 50:50 NO3 −/NH4 + ratio in the nutrient solution, and the foliar application of 2.5 mM putrescine increased in the content of various sugars (inositol, glucose, and fructose), total phenolic compounds and polyamines, as well as in the antioxidant activity. The greatest accumulation of these compounds was observed in young leaves. Our results show from a physiological and agronomic point of view, that the foliar application of putrescine and the 50:50 NO3 −/NH4 + treatment managed to alleviate the negative effects of the abiotic stress suffered at high temperature, yielding plants with higher antioxidant compounds content.
Jacinta Collado-González; Maria Piñero; Ginés Otálora; Josefa López-Marín; Francisco Amor. The Effect of Foliar Putrescine Application, Ammonium Exposure, and Heat Stress on Antioxidant Compounds in Cauliflower Waste. Antioxidants 2021, 10, 707 .
AMA StyleJacinta Collado-González, Maria Piñero, Ginés Otálora, Josefa López-Marín, Francisco Amor. The Effect of Foliar Putrescine Application, Ammonium Exposure, and Heat Stress on Antioxidant Compounds in Cauliflower Waste. Antioxidants. 2021; 10 (5):707.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJacinta Collado-González; Maria Piñero; Ginés Otálora; Josefa López-Marín; Francisco Amor. 2021. "The Effect of Foliar Putrescine Application, Ammonium Exposure, and Heat Stress on Antioxidant Compounds in Cauliflower Waste." Antioxidants 10, no. 5: 707.
Salinity provokes an imbalance of vegetative to generative growth, thus impairing crop productivity. Unlike breeding strategies, grafting is a direct and quick alternative to improve salinity tolerance in horticultural crops, through rebalancing plant development. Providing that hormones play a key role in plant growth and development and stress responses, we hypothesized that rootstock-mediated reallocation of vegetative growth and yield under salinity was associated with changes in the hormonal balance. To test this hypothesis, the hybrid pepper variety (Capsicum annuum L. “Gacela F1”) was either non-grafted or grafted onto three commercial rootstocks (Creonte, Atlante, and Terrano) and plants were grown in a greenhouse under control (0 mM NaCl) and moderate salinity (35 mM NaCl) conditions. Differential vegetative growth versus fruit yield responses were induced by rootstock and salinity. Atlante strongly increased shoot and root fresh weight with respect to the non-grafted Gacela plants associated with improved photosynthetic rate and K+ homeostasis under salinity. The invigorating effect of Atlante can be explained by an efficient balance between cytokinins (CKs) and abscisic acid (ABA). Creonte improved fruit yield and maintained the reproductive to vegetative ratio under salinity as a consequence of its capacity to induce biomass reallocation and to avoid Na+ accumulation in the shoot. The physiological responses associated with yield stability in Creonte were mediated by the inverse regulation of CKs and the ethylene precursor 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid. Finally, Terrano limited the accumulation of gibberellins in the shoot thus reducing plant height. Despite scion compactness induced by Terrano, both vegetative and reproductive biomass were maintained under salinity through ABA-mediated control of water relations and K+ homeostasis. Our data demonstrate that the contrasting developmental and physiological responses induced by the rootstock genotype in salinized pepper plants were critically mediated by hormones. This will be particularly important for rootstock breeding programs to improve salinity tolerance by focusing on hormonal traits.
Amparo Gálvez; Alfonso Albacete; Cristina Martínez-Andújar; Francisco del Amor; Josefa López-Marín. Contrasting Rootstock-Mediated Growth and Yield Responses in Salinized Pepper Plants (Capsicum annuum L.) Are Associated with Changes in the Hormonal Balance. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2021, 22, 3297 .
AMA StyleAmparo Gálvez, Alfonso Albacete, Cristina Martínez-Andújar, Francisco del Amor, Josefa López-Marín. Contrasting Rootstock-Mediated Growth and Yield Responses in Salinized Pepper Plants (Capsicum annuum L.) Are Associated with Changes in the Hormonal Balance. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2021; 22 (7):3297.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAmparo Gálvez; Alfonso Albacete; Cristina Martínez-Andújar; Francisco del Amor; Josefa López-Marín. 2021. "Contrasting Rootstock-Mediated Growth and Yield Responses in Salinized Pepper Plants (Capsicum annuum L.) Are Associated with Changes in the Hormonal Balance." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 7: 3297.
This study examines the effect of the exogenous application of polyamine putrescine together with the application of different ratios of nitrate/ammonium (NO3−/NH4+), on the physiology of cauliflower subjected to heat stress. The 50:50 NO3−/NH4+ ratio was the best ratio against heat stress. As a result of the joint application of these compounds, a higher photosynthetic rate, a higher accumulation of both photosynthesis-related compounds and pigments, total proteins, and a change in the status of nutrients were obtained. Particularly, the decrease in content of calcium, chloride and sulphate in plants under heat stress is ameliorated by the ammonium effect. Additionally, it is important to highlight that cauliflower waste contains a higher content of mineral nutrients than floret cauliflower. These effects were more marked in young leaves. Furthermore, a synergistic effect for coping with heat stress between the polyamine and the nutritional treatment was observed. For this, both the application of putrescine and the feeding of plants with a 50:50 NO3−/NH4+ ratio before heat stress is proposed for the first time as an agricultural practice for increasing the thermotolerance of cauliflower cv Moonshine. On the other hand, due to the lower lipid peroxidation rate obtained in cauliflower leaves, these plants could be used for health purposes as ointments or other nutraceutical products, making the cultivation of this kind of cruciferous more sustainable.
Jacinta Collado-González; María Piñero; Ginés Otálora; Josefa López-Marín; Francisco del Amor. Effects of Different Nitrogen Forms and Exogenous Application of Putrescine on Heat Stress of Cauliflower: Photosynthetic Gas Exchange, Mineral Concentration and Lipid Peroxidation. Plants 2021, 10, 152 .
AMA StyleJacinta Collado-González, María Piñero, Ginés Otálora, Josefa López-Marín, Francisco del Amor. Effects of Different Nitrogen Forms and Exogenous Application of Putrescine on Heat Stress of Cauliflower: Photosynthetic Gas Exchange, Mineral Concentration and Lipid Peroxidation. Plants. 2021; 10 (1):152.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJacinta Collado-González; María Piñero; Ginés Otálora; Josefa López-Marín; Francisco del Amor. 2021. "Effects of Different Nitrogen Forms and Exogenous Application of Putrescine on Heat Stress of Cauliflower: Photosynthetic Gas Exchange, Mineral Concentration and Lipid Peroxidation." Plants 10, no. 1: 152.
In the last decades, cauliflower consumption has increased due to its observed beneficial effects on human health, especially on chronic diseases. Furthermore, the use of arginine has been shown to improve the heat stress tolerance of plants by increasing the polyamine content. Thus, we aimed to investigate the effects of the exogenous application of arginine on the physical and chemical quality parameters of cauliflower florets under heat stress. For this, we applied two concentrations of arginine (1 and 4 mM) to the leaves of cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis L.) plants grown in three different temperatures (ambient, elevated, and extreme). Our data show that potassium and phosphate, as well as iron were the most abundant macro- and micronutrients, respectively. The combination of high temperature and exogenous application of arginine increased the antioxidant activity, total content of phenolic compounds, polyamines, and proteins. The data presented herein indicate that the combination of an adequate heat stress and the appropriate foliar arginine treatment may be a useful strategy that could be used to increase the number of valuable plant compounds in our diet.
Jacinta Collado-González; María Carmen Piñero; Ginés Otálora; Josefa López-Marín; Francisco M. Del Amor. Merging Heat Stress Tolerance and Health-Promoting Properties: The Effects of Exogenous Arginine in Cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis L.). Foods 2020, 10, 30 .
AMA StyleJacinta Collado-González, María Carmen Piñero, Ginés Otálora, Josefa López-Marín, Francisco M. Del Amor. Merging Heat Stress Tolerance and Health-Promoting Properties: The Effects of Exogenous Arginine in Cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis L.). Foods. 2020; 10 (1):30.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJacinta Collado-González; María Carmen Piñero; Ginés Otálora; Josefa López-Marín; Francisco M. Del Amor. 2020. "Merging Heat Stress Tolerance and Health-Promoting Properties: The Effects of Exogenous Arginine in Cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis L.)." Foods 10, no. 1: 30.
Greenhouse peppers are one of the most important crops globally. However, as in any production activity, especially agricultural, they are subject to important risk factors such as price fluctuations, pests, or the use of bad quality water. This article aims to evaluate the viability of these types of crops by using discounted cash flows. Risk evaluation has been carried out through the analysis of pepper plantations for 2016 and 2017. The traditional application of this tool has significant limitations, such as the discount rate to be used or the estimation of future cash flows. However, by using discount functions that decrease over time in combination with decoupled net present value, these limitations are expected to improve. The use of decoupled net present value has permitted an increase in the accuracy and quantification of risks, isolating the main risks such as price drops (EUR 3720 ha−1 year−1) and structural risks (EUR 1622 € ha−1 year−1). The use of decreasing discount functions has permitted a more realistic investment estimation. Finally, the sensitivity analysis shows that decoupled net present value (DNPV) is little affected by changes in interest rates in contrast to traditional net present value (NPV).
Josefa López-Marín; Amparo Gálvez; Francisco M. Del Amor; Jose M. Brotons. The Financial Valuation Risk in Pepper Production: The Use of Decoupled Net Present Value. Mathematics 2020, 9, 13 .
AMA StyleJosefa López-Marín, Amparo Gálvez, Francisco M. Del Amor, Jose M. Brotons. The Financial Valuation Risk in Pepper Production: The Use of Decoupled Net Present Value. Mathematics. 2020; 9 (1):13.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJosefa López-Marín; Amparo Gálvez; Francisco M. Del Amor; Jose M. Brotons. 2020. "The Financial Valuation Risk in Pepper Production: The Use of Decoupled Net Present Value." Mathematics 9, no. 1: 13.
Growers in the cultivated areas where the climate change threatens the agricultural productivity and livelihoods are aware that the current constraints for good quality water are being worsened by heatwaves. We studied the combination of salinity (60 mM NaCl) and heat shock stress (43 °C) in pepper plants (Capsicum annuum L. var. Tamarin) since this can affect physiological and biochemical processes distinctly when compared to separate effects. Moreover, the exogenous application of 0.5 mM salicylic acid (SA) was studied to determine its impacts and the SA-mediated processes that confer tolerance of the combined or stand-alone stresses. Plant growth, leaf Cl− and NO3− concentrations, carbohydrates, and polyamines were analyzed. Our results show that both salinity stress (SS) and heat stress (HS) reduced plant fresh weight, and SA only increased it for HS, with no effect for the combined stress (CS). While SA increased the concentration of Cl− for SS or CS, it had no effect on NO3−. The carbohydrates concentrations were, in general, increased by HS, and were decreased by CS, and for glucose and fructose, by SA. Additionally, when CS was imposed, SA significantly increased the spermine and spermidine concentrations. Thus, SA did not always alleviate the CS and the plant response to CS cannot be directly attributed to the full or partial sum of the individual responses to each stress.
Ginés Otálora; María Carmen Piñero; Jacinta Collado-González; Josefa López-Marín; Francisco M. Del Amor. Exogenous Salicylic Acid Modulates the Response to Combined Salinity-Temperature Stress in Pepper Plants (Capsicum annuum L. var. Tamarin). Plants 2020, 9, 1790 .
AMA StyleGinés Otálora, María Carmen Piñero, Jacinta Collado-González, Josefa López-Marín, Francisco M. Del Amor. Exogenous Salicylic Acid Modulates the Response to Combined Salinity-Temperature Stress in Pepper Plants (Capsicum annuum L. var. Tamarin). Plants. 2020; 9 (12):1790.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGinés Otálora; María Carmen Piñero; Jacinta Collado-González; Josefa López-Marín; Francisco M. Del Amor. 2020. "Exogenous Salicylic Acid Modulates the Response to Combined Salinity-Temperature Stress in Pepper Plants (Capsicum annuum L. var. Tamarin)." Plants 9, no. 12: 1790.
The actual climate crisis scenario is aggravating the abiotic stress episodes that crop plants have to face. Salinity is one of the most important abiotic stresses directly impairing plant growth and productivity. Several strategies have been developed to minimize the negative effects of salinity in agricultural industry, mainly at the plant level, while management strategies, such us the control of microclimate conditions and light quality over plant canopy, have also been used. Indeed, shading plants with photoselective nets has been considered an efficient management strategy to modulate solar radiation to improve crop productivity. The aim of this work was to gain insights about the physiological factors underlying the salinity-alleviating effect of using red shading nets. For that, pepper plants (Capsicum annuum L.) were grown under control (0 mM NaCl) and moderate salinity (35 mM NaCl) conditions, with half of the plants covered with a red net (30% shading). The shoot growth impairment provoked by salinity was in part minimized by shading plants with red nets, which can be explained by their higher capacity to exclude Na+, control of K+ homeostasis and regulation of hormonal balance. Indeed, the concentrations of the most active cytokinin in pepper, trans-zeatin, as well as its metabolic precursor, zeatin riboside, increased in shaded plants, associated to shoot growth recovery and photosynthetic rate maintenance under salinity. Furthermore, the stress-related hormone abscisic acid (ABA) increased with salinity but in a lower extend in the plants shaded with red nets, suggesting a fine tune of stomata opening by ABA which, in crosstalk with salicylic acid increment, improved plant water relations. Likewise, the concentrations of gibberellins and the ethylene precursor, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid, also changed during salinity stress in shaded plants but those changes were uncoupled of growth responses as indicated by the principal component analysis and thus they seem to play a minor role. Our data demonstrate that shading pepper plants with red nets is an efficient management strategy to modulate microclimate conditions at crop level thus controlling the ion homeostasis and hormonal balance of the plant to cope with salinity stress. This is especially important due to the actual and expected changes of the global climatic conditions.
Amparo Gálvez; Alfonso Albacete; Francisco M. Del Amor; Josefa López-Marín. The Use of Red Shade Nets Improves Growth in Salinized Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) Plants by Regulating Their Ion Homeostasis and Hormone Balance. Agronomy 2020, 10, 1766 .
AMA StyleAmparo Gálvez, Alfonso Albacete, Francisco M. Del Amor, Josefa López-Marín. The Use of Red Shade Nets Improves Growth in Salinized Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) Plants by Regulating Their Ion Homeostasis and Hormone Balance. Agronomy. 2020; 10 (11):1766.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAmparo Gálvez; Alfonso Albacete; Francisco M. Del Amor; Josefa López-Marín. 2020. "The Use of Red Shade Nets Improves Growth in Salinized Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) Plants by Regulating Their Ion Homeostasis and Hormone Balance." Agronomy 10, no. 11: 1766.
This article describes the effects of exogenous spermidine on mineral components, polyamines, total phenolic compounds, sugars, antioxidant activity and the percentage protein content in cauliflower florets under three different levels of heat stress. The combination of heat stress and foliar application of spermidine increased the antioxidant activity, total content of phenolic compounds and polyamines. It is worthy of note that histamine was detected in this work. The contents of all the soluble sugars measured were reduced when only heat stress was applied, but the contents of inositol, fructose and sucrose were increased after foliar application of spermidine at high temperature. Heat stress and spermidine application also produced an increase not only in the percentage content of proteins, but also in the K and P contents. Sulphate and phosphates were accumulated at ambient and extreme temperature, whilst nitrate was, in general, accumulated when 4 mM spermidine was applied.
Jacinta Collado-González; María Carmen Piñero; Ginés Otálora; Josefa López-Marín; Francisco M. del Amor. Exogenous spermidine modifies nutritional and bioactive constituents of cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis L.) florets under heat stress. Scientia Horticulturae 2020, 277, 109818 .
AMA StyleJacinta Collado-González, María Carmen Piñero, Ginés Otálora, Josefa López-Marín, Francisco M. del Amor. Exogenous spermidine modifies nutritional and bioactive constituents of cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis L.) florets under heat stress. Scientia Horticulturae. 2020; 277 ():109818.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJacinta Collado-González; María Carmen Piñero; Ginés Otálora; Josefa López-Marín; Francisco M. del Amor. 2020. "Exogenous spermidine modifies nutritional and bioactive constituents of cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis L.) florets under heat stress." Scientia Horticulturae 277, no. : 109818.
We investigated the effect on melon fruits of "fish water" alone or in combination with a supplement of synthetic fertilizers in a nutrient solution or foliar application of Ca(NO3)2. These treatments were compared with a traditional soilless system with synthetic fertilizers and no reuse of the nutrient solution. The results show that the treatments with recirculation of fish water and with the foliar supplement yielded fruits of greater weight and size but with reduced lightness and lower concentrations of proteins, NO3-, K+, and total amino acids. The supply of synthetic nutrients to the roots or leaves caused a reduction in the sugar concentrations and the antioxidant activity of these fruits. The use of fish water (alone or with an amendment) increased spermine and putrescine with respect to the traditional soilless crop management. The results for these bioactive compounds in melons should be considered for maintenance of health with age.
María Carmen Piñero; Ginés Otálora; Jacinta Collado; Josefa López-Marín; Francisco M. Del Amor. Differential Effects of Aquaponic Production System on Melon (Cucumis melo L.) Fruit Quality. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 2020, 68, 6511 -6519.
AMA StyleMaría Carmen Piñero, Ginés Otálora, Jacinta Collado, Josefa López-Marín, Francisco M. Del Amor. Differential Effects of Aquaponic Production System on Melon (Cucumis melo L.) Fruit Quality. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 2020; 68 (24):6511-6519.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMaría Carmen Piñero; Ginés Otálora; Jacinta Collado; Josefa López-Marín; Francisco M. Del Amor. 2020. "Differential Effects of Aquaponic Production System on Melon (Cucumis melo L.) Fruit Quality." Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 68, no. 24: 6511-6519.
F.M. Del Amor; Amparo Gálvez; M. Romero; G. Otalora; Josefa Lopez Marin. Preliminary study of the behavior of a courgette crop grown under photoselective shade nets. Acta Horticulturae 2020, 341 -345.
AMA StyleF.M. Del Amor, Amparo Gálvez, M. Romero, G. Otalora, Josefa Lopez Marin. Preliminary study of the behavior of a courgette crop grown under photoselective shade nets. Acta Horticulturae. 2020; (1268):341-345.
Chicago/Turabian StyleF.M. Del Amor; Amparo Gálvez; M. Romero; G. Otalora; Josefa Lopez Marin. 2020. "Preliminary study of the behavior of a courgette crop grown under photoselective shade nets." Acta Horticulturae , no. 1268: 341-345.
Josefa Lopez Marin; Amparo Gálvez; G. Otalora; Francisco M. del Amor. Photoselective shade nets for pepper cultivation in southeastern Spain. Acta Horticulturae 2019, 183 -190.
AMA StyleJosefa Lopez Marin, Amparo Gálvez, G. Otalora, Francisco M. del Amor. Photoselective shade nets for pepper cultivation in southeastern Spain. Acta Horticulturae. 2019; (1252):183-190.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJosefa Lopez Marin; Amparo Gálvez; G. Otalora; Francisco M. del Amor. 2019. "Photoselective shade nets for pepper cultivation in southeastern Spain." Acta Horticulturae , no. 1252: 183-190.
The horticultural industry demands high-quality resources to achieve excellence in yield and optimal revenues. Nitrogen is a pivotal nutrient to accomplish these goals for plant growth and product quality. However, competition for water in semi-arid regions can force the use of brackish waters, which can impair N uptake. The lower N uptake can be due to several reasons, such as an antagonism between ions, an absence of ATP, and/or alteration of N metabolism. The effect of supplying N as NO3− alone or in combination with NH4+, coupled with low or high salinity (8 or 20 mM NaCl), has been studied in sweet pepper fruits (Capsicum annuum L. cv. Melchor). The application of NH4+ at high salinity affected chromatic parameters (a∗, b∗, and C∗), while chlorophyll a and b levels declined and β-carotene increased. The concentrations of P, K, Ca, Mg, and Cu were reduced in the fruits of plants irrigated with NH4+. The concentration of Na was only reduced when NH4+ was supplied. Likewise, the concentration of total phenolics was also reduced at high salinity. However, total protein was unaffected. The amino acid profile was altered by the supply of NH4+, which reduced the concentrations of histidine and phenylalanine. Moreover, the concentrations of putrescine and cadaverine were increased by NH4+ at high salinity, whereas that of cadaverine was reduced by NH4+ at low salinity. The observed changes in fruit quality triggered by salinity, under the conditions of this study, should be borne in mind for this crop with regard to the envisaged palliative effect of the supply of N-NH4+.
M. C. Piñero; Manuel E. Porras; Josefa López-Marín; Mari C. Sánchez-Guerrero; Evangelina Medrano; Pilar Lorenzo; Francisco M. Del Amor. Differential Nitrogen Nutrition Modifies Polyamines and the Amino-Acid Profile of Sweet Pepper Under Salinity Stress. Frontiers in Plant Science 2019, 10, 1 .
AMA StyleM. C. Piñero, Manuel E. Porras, Josefa López-Marín, Mari C. Sánchez-Guerrero, Evangelina Medrano, Pilar Lorenzo, Francisco M. Del Amor. Differential Nitrogen Nutrition Modifies Polyamines and the Amino-Acid Profile of Sweet Pepper Under Salinity Stress. Frontiers in Plant Science. 2019; 10 ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleM. C. Piñero; Manuel E. Porras; Josefa López-Marín; Mari C. Sánchez-Guerrero; Evangelina Medrano; Pilar Lorenzo; Francisco M. Del Amor. 2019. "Differential Nitrogen Nutrition Modifies Polyamines and the Amino-Acid Profile of Sweet Pepper Under Salinity Stress." Frontiers in Plant Science 10, no. : 1.
Root-knot nematodes (RKNs) are one of the major phytopathological problems that limit potential yields in intensive agriculture worldwide. Grafting with resistant rootstocks has been demonstrated to be a viable technique to manage Meloidogyne incognita in several crops (tomato, melon, watermelon, etc.). However, little research has been conducted on sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) grown in greenhouses under Mediterranean-climate conditions. Therefore, we studied a susceptible scion variety (Gacela) grafted onto resistant rootstocks (C19, C25, and RT17), in comparison with ungrafted and self-grafted (GAL) plants. The RKN produced significant root galling in ungrafted and GAL plants; however, RT17 was unaffected. This differing response to infection is discussed from physiological and agronomic perspectives. Thus, following the inoculation of susceptible rootstocks, leaf photosynthesis was impaired by altered stomatal regulation and photochemical efficiency (chlorophyll a fluorescence), which led to unbalanced fruit nutrient concentrations (especially Ca) and to enhanced allocation of carbon from photosynthesis to the production of biochemical defense compounds. Consequently, total phenolics and carotenoids were significantly affected, as was the amino acid profile. These results provide new insights into the traits that can identify RKN-resistant rootstocks, and therefore new tools to induce resistance, while avoiding the use of disinfectants in the soil.
Amparo Gálvez; Francisco M. Del Amor; Caridad Ros; Josefa López-Marín. New traits to identify physiological responses induced by different rootstocks after root-knot nematode inoculation (Meloidogyne incognita) in sweet pepper. Crop Protection 2019, 119, 126 -133.
AMA StyleAmparo Gálvez, Francisco M. Del Amor, Caridad Ros, Josefa López-Marín. New traits to identify physiological responses induced by different rootstocks after root-knot nematode inoculation (Meloidogyne incognita) in sweet pepper. Crop Protection. 2019; 119 ():126-133.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAmparo Gálvez; Francisco M. Del Amor; Caridad Ros; Josefa López-Marín. 2019. "New traits to identify physiological responses induced by different rootstocks after root-knot nematode inoculation (Meloidogyne incognita) in sweet pepper." Crop Protection 119, no. : 126-133.
Nitrogen has a pivotal role in determining the quality of horticultural products, and foliar fertilization strategies could achieve higher nutrient use efficiencies while reducing environmental impacts and potentially enhancing consumer health benefits. Escarole (Cichorium endivia L. var. latifolium) plants were grown in nutrient solution, either complete or without N, and sprayed with different concentrations of foliar urea (0, 1, 5, and 10 g L−1). Total protein in the leaves was increased by the elevated concentrations of urea but the levels of total phenolics and total soluble sugars were lower. The contents of minerals in plants not receiving N in the nutrient solution were, in general, significantly increased by urea applications, but those of Cu and Zn were decreased. Additionally, the amino acids concentrations were boosted after urea application, whatever the composition of the irrigation solution, arginine, serine, and alanine being the most abundant amino acids. In conclusion, foliar N fertilization was an effective strategy to enhance the nutritional properties.
Ginés Otálora; Mari Carmen Piñero; Josefa López-Marín; Plácido Varó; Francisco M. del Amor. Effects of foliar nitrogen fertilization on the phenolic, mineral, and amino acid composition of escarole (Cichorium endivia L. var. latifolium). Scientia Horticulturae 2018, 239, 87 -92.
AMA StyleGinés Otálora, Mari Carmen Piñero, Josefa López-Marín, Plácido Varó, Francisco M. del Amor. Effects of foliar nitrogen fertilization on the phenolic, mineral, and amino acid composition of escarole (Cichorium endivia L. var. latifolium). Scientia Horticulturae. 2018; 239 ():87-92.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGinés Otálora; Mari Carmen Piñero; Josefa López-Marín; Plácido Varó; Francisco M. del Amor. 2018. "Effects of foliar nitrogen fertilization on the phenolic, mineral, and amino acid composition of escarole (Cichorium endivia L. var. latifolium)." Scientia Horticulturae 239, no. : 87-92.
The efficacy of combining biosolarization and grafting as integrated control of Meloidogyne incognita was evaluated in greenhouse pepper crops in south-east Spain. Field trials were conducted over a three consecutive year period in four greenhouses with soils naturally infested with M. incognita populations, virulent (two greenhouses) or avirulent (two greenhouses) to the Me3 gene. The soils were biosolarized (for 6 weeks from August) using fresh sheep manure as organic amendment. Susceptible varieties were grafted onto Atlante (heterozygous Me3) rootstock. The combined use of grafted plants + biosolarization was found to reduce the severity and incidence of the nematode disease more effectively than biosolarized soil only strategies, in greenhouses with populations virulent to Me3, as measured by the gall index (0.3 vs. 5.3 or 1.5 vs. 3.3) and the percentage of infected plants (16.6% vs. 96.6% or 43.3% vs. 71.1%). However, in cases of greenhouses containing populations avirulent to Me3 no differences were observed. In the greenhouses with populations virulent to Me3, marketable yield obtained from grafting + biosolarization treatment was 1.1 kg m−2 higher than that obtained from biosolarization treatment alone in four of the six trials. However no increase in production in greenhouses with populations avirulent to Me3 was observed. Grafting + biosolarization proved to be an effective and durable method for controlling M. incognita in greenhouse pepper crops. Moreover, biosolarization reduces the risk of the development of populations capable of overcoming resistance conferred by Me3 gene.
Caridad Ros; Victoriano Martínez; Fulgencio Sánchez-Solana; Josefa López-Marín; Carmen Ma Lacasa; Maria Del Mar Guerrero; Alfredo Lacasa. Combination of biosolarization and grafting to control Meloidogyne incognita in greenhouse pepper crops. Crop Protection 2018, 113, 33 -39.
AMA StyleCaridad Ros, Victoriano Martínez, Fulgencio Sánchez-Solana, Josefa López-Marín, Carmen Ma Lacasa, Maria Del Mar Guerrero, Alfredo Lacasa. Combination of biosolarization and grafting to control Meloidogyne incognita in greenhouse pepper crops. Crop Protection. 2018; 113 ():33-39.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCaridad Ros; Victoriano Martínez; Fulgencio Sánchez-Solana; Josefa López-Marín; Carmen Ma Lacasa; Maria Del Mar Guerrero; Alfredo Lacasa. 2018. "Combination of biosolarization and grafting to control Meloidogyne incognita in greenhouse pepper crops." Crop Protection 113, no. : 33-39.
It is well known that NH4+ used as the sole N source is toxic, and that the degree of toxicity depends on environmental factors. However, far too little is known about the effect of the use of different NO3−/NH4+ ratios when the CO2 concentration [CO2] is high. Therefore, this work evaluates the extent to which the optimal form of the N-supply can increase growth at elevated CO2. Sweet pepper plants (Capsicum annuum L., cv. Melchor) were grown at ambient or elevated [CO2] (400 or 800 µmol mol−1) with a nutrient solution containing different NO3−/NH4+ ratios (concentration percentages of 100/0, 100/0 plus foliar urea (100/U), 90/10, 50/50, or 25/75). The results show that a low dose of NH4+ (90/10) in combination with the elevated [CO2] had beneficial effects on the plants. These plants had greater growth, root respiration rates, water-use efficiency, and chlorophyll fluorescence. Additionally, total phenolic compounds and ascorbate peroxidase activity were affected differentially, while the amino acid profile was also altered. This study reveals the strong interaction between the N form and the [CO2] in relation to the uptake of N, which requires further analysis to establish better nutritional strategies for the future.
María C. Piñero; Margarita Pérez-Jiménez; Josefa López-Marín; Plácido Varó; Francisco M. del Amor. Differential effect of the nitrogen form on the leaf gas exchange, amino acid composition, and antioxidant response of sweet pepper at elevated CO2. Plant Growth Regulation 2018, 86, 37 -48.
AMA StyleMaría C. Piñero, Margarita Pérez-Jiménez, Josefa López-Marín, Plácido Varó, Francisco M. del Amor. Differential effect of the nitrogen form on the leaf gas exchange, amino acid composition, and antioxidant response of sweet pepper at elevated CO2. Plant Growth Regulation. 2018; 86 (1):37-48.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMaría C. Piñero; Margarita Pérez-Jiménez; Josefa López-Marín; Plácido Varó; Francisco M. del Amor. 2018. "Differential effect of the nitrogen form on the leaf gas exchange, amino acid composition, and antioxidant response of sweet pepper at elevated CO2." Plant Growth Regulation 86, no. 1: 37-48.
Sweet pepper fruit quality disorders have been related mainly to an unbalanced nutrient supply and non-optimal growth conditions. Increases in the atmospheric CO2 concentration ([CO2]) have been associated with a reduction of transpiration, which can affect calcium (Ca) uptake as it is linked closely to water uptake. We investigated whether foliar application of Ca can counterbalance the effects of saline water and elevated [CO2]. High CO2 favored generative growth instead of vegetative growth. Foliar Ca supply did not affect the marketable yield, but reduced the total yield when combined with salinity and 400 µmol mol−1 CO2. Salinity affected negatively the total yield but this was overcome when CO2 was applied. The B and K concentrations were reduced by foliar Ca application, while Ca and Mn were increased at 400 µmol mol−1 CO2. Salinity increased the Mn, Cl, and Na concentrations, regardless of the [CO2], and decreased K at 800 µmol mol−1 CO2. The total protein was affected negatively only by elevated [CO2], and the total free amino acid concentration was reduced by all treatments. The effect of Ca application differed according to the other treatments applied. This procedure should be optimized to overcome future climate impacts on fruit quality.
María Carmen Piñero; Marga Pérez-Jiménez; Josefa López-Marín; Francisco M. Del Amor. Fruit quality of sweet pepper as affected by foliar Ca applications to mitigate the supply of saline water under a climate change scenario. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 2017, 98, 1071 -1078.
AMA StyleMaría Carmen Piñero, Marga Pérez-Jiménez, Josefa López-Marín, Francisco M. Del Amor. Fruit quality of sweet pepper as affected by foliar Ca applications to mitigate the supply of saline water under a climate change scenario. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture. 2017; 98 (3):1071-1078.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMaría Carmen Piñero; Marga Pérez-Jiménez; Josefa López-Marín; Francisco M. Del Amor. 2017. "Fruit quality of sweet pepper as affected by foliar Ca applications to mitigate the supply of saline water under a climate change scenario." Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 98, no. 3: 1071-1078.
We investigated B tolerance in sweet pepper plants (Capsicum annuun L.) under an elevated CO2 concentration, combined with the application of calcium as a nutrient management amelioration technique. The data show that high B affected the roots more than the aerial parts, since there was an increase in the shoot/root ratio, when plants were grown with high B levels; however, the impact was lessened when the plants were grown at elevated CO2, since the root FW reduction caused by excess B was less marked at the high CO2 concentration (30.9% less). Additionally, the high B concentration affected the membrane permeability of roots, which increased from 39 to 54% at ambient CO2 concentration, and from 38 to 51% at elevated CO2 concentration, producing a cation imbalance in plants, which was differentially affected by the CO2 supply. The Ca surplus in the nutrient solution reduced the nutritional imbalance in sweet pepper plants produced by the high B concentration, at both CO2 concentrations. The medium B concentration treatment (toxic according to the literature) did not result in any toxic effect. Hence, there is a need to review the literature on critical and toxic B levels taking into account increases in atmospheric CO2.
María Carmen Piñero; Margarita Pérez-Jiménez; Josefa López-Marín; Francisco M. del Amor. Amelioration of boron toxicity in sweet pepper as affected by calcium management under an elevated CO2 concentration. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2017, 24, 10893 -10899.
AMA StyleMaría Carmen Piñero, Margarita Pérez-Jiménez, Josefa López-Marín, Francisco M. del Amor. Amelioration of boron toxicity in sweet pepper as affected by calcium management under an elevated CO2 concentration. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2017; 24 (11):10893-10899.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMaría Carmen Piñero; Margarita Pérez-Jiménez; Josefa López-Marín; Francisco M. del Amor. 2017. "Amelioration of boron toxicity in sweet pepper as affected by calcium management under an elevated CO2 concentration." Environmental Science and Pollution Research 24, no. 11: 10893-10899.
Rootstock breeding for vegetable crops includes desirable traits such as compatibility with the scion, increased productivity and quality under stressful environments and improved use of soil, water and fertilizer resources. The effects of three commercial rootstocks (Atlante, Creonte and Terrano) on the agronomical and physiological responses of a commercial sweet pepper variety (cv Herminio) to deficit irrigation (50% of optimal) have been studied. Although the three rootstocks increased total and marketable yield under control and deficit irrigation, Creonte produced the most productive and water use efficient plants, with until 25% more marketable yield than the ungrafted cv Herminio, and about 10% more than the other rootstocks, although in detriment of some chemical fruit quality traits. Moreover, the plants grafted onto Creonte registered the highest photosynthetic activity and leaf water content and more stable leaf area and biomass under water stress, while those parameters were more reduced in the other graft combinations. These Creonte-mediated effects were not related to root biomass (since it was more affected by the stress in this rootstock) but rather to the capacity of maintaining a high reproductive/vegetative ratio, while Atlante is a vigorous vegetative rootstock and Terrano is rather a dwarfing-reproductive rootstock that produces efficient compact plants without negative effects on fruit quality.
Josefa López-Marín; Amparo Gálvez; Francisco M. del Amor; Alfonso Albacete; Juan A. Fernández; Catalina Egea-Gilabert; Francisco Pérez-Alfocea. Selecting vegetative/generative/dwarfing rootstocks for improving fruit yield and quality in water stressed sweet peppers. Scientia Horticulturae 2017, 214, 9 -17.
AMA StyleJosefa López-Marín, Amparo Gálvez, Francisco M. del Amor, Alfonso Albacete, Juan A. Fernández, Catalina Egea-Gilabert, Francisco Pérez-Alfocea. Selecting vegetative/generative/dwarfing rootstocks for improving fruit yield and quality in water stressed sweet peppers. Scientia Horticulturae. 2017; 214 ():9-17.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJosefa López-Marín; Amparo Gálvez; Francisco M. del Amor; Alfonso Albacete; Juan A. Fernández; Catalina Egea-Gilabert; Francisco Pérez-Alfocea. 2017. "Selecting vegetative/generative/dwarfing rootstocks for improving fruit yield and quality in water stressed sweet peppers." Scientia Horticulturae 214, no. : 9-17.