Oxidative stress induced tissue damage might be the major cause for diabetes mellitus and its associated complications. The management of such oxidative stress is the biggest challenge over the decade. The main objective was to analyze the protective effect of ethanolic extract of Senna alata L leaves on enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidant systems of hepatic and renal tissues in Streptozotocin-induced diabetes in rats. The use of streptozotocin diabetes was induced in the experimental rats and the subsequent therapeutic effects of standard drug glibenclamide and Senna alata L were compared. The levels of plasma insulin, glucose, urea, uric acid, creatinine, vitamin C, vitamin E, reduced glutathione, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione-s-tranferase were assayed in control and experimental groups of rats. These alterations were detected throughout the study duration after the treatment with Senna alata L and glibenclamide. A significant raise followed by the treatment with Senna alata leaves in vitamin E, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione-s-tranferase was observed. It has been found that notable decline in the levels of vitamin C, reduced glutathione were observed in diabetic rats. The liver and kidney based antioxidant enzyme activities were significantly responsive to the treatment in diabetic rats. Apart from these antioxidant system, some vital changes were detected in the typical biochemical parameters such as level of protein, urea, uric acid, and creatinine from abnormal into normal in both the control and induced rats. From the above said observations, it was very clear that, Senna alata has helped to manage the oxidative tension in diabetic rats, which in turn may greatly support the hypoglycaemic potency of Senna alata L.

This study aimed to examine the mechanical and physical characteristics of hybrid composite prepared using bio-epoxy reinforced with natural fibers extracted from pineapple leaf (PLF) and sisal (SF). The hand lay-up technique was utilized to fabricate the hybridized composite from bi-directional pineapple leaf fiber and sisal fibers using various stacking sequences. In order to understand the impact of hybridization on these composites, physical properties including density, percentage volume of fiber (PVF), and water absorption capacity were ascertained for hybrid composite. In addition, the mechanical characteristics like the tensile, fracture toughness, flexural, and interlaminar shear (ILSS) tests were investigated. Poly(furfuryl alcohol) was prepared and used as bioresin and it was apparent that the addition of more PLF in terms of PVF into hybridized composites, the properties flexural, tensile, and ILSS of the bio-epoxy composites were notably improved. The mechanical properties of hybridized composites were markedly impacted by the stacking order. Inference revealed that the composite attained the maximal tensile strength of 70.8 MPa for alternative sequence of SF and PLF. The composite which contained SF on the outside, had outperformed compared to other hybrid composites in terms of fracture toughness (3302.3 J/m²) and interlaminar shear strength (16.1 MPa).

Considering natural compounds for the antiviral effect is another opportunity for exploring novel drug candidates for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. The selected natural compounds were interacted using a molecular docking approach. The 3D structures of the main protease and papain-like protease were used for the virtual screening to detect the potent inhibitor against SARS-CoV-2. The top-scored compounds were further analyzed for absorption, digestion, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity properties and density functional theory analysis. Our results indicated that glycyrrhizin exhibited better docking scores of -9.5 kcal/mol with main protease and -9.7 kcal/mol with papain-like protease. Next to glycyrrhizin, rutin showed a better docking score of -9.1 kcal/mol and -9.2 kcal/mol with 3-chymotrypsin-like and papain-like proteases. Violaxanthin and naringin occupied the subsequent position in the docking score table with 3CL and PL proteases, respectively. In addition, the crucial properties like drug likeliness and pharmacokinetics of the compounds were determined. There is no significant toxicity identified.