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Prof. Josef Zelenka
University of Hradec Králové

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0 ICT
0 Sustainability
0 Tourism
0 Tourism Marketing
0 Carrying Capacity

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Tourism
Sustainability
Carrying Capacity
tourism and sustainability

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Journal article
Published: 10 July 2021 in Journal of Destination Marketing & Management
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Sustainability of tourism development in protected areas relies largely on the ability of destination management to harmonize the activities of visitors, local communities, entrepreneurs and other tourism actors with the primary aim of nature and landscape protection. Based on conceptual analysis, the manuscript refines tourism carrying capacity theory and operationalizes it into a cohesive systems approach to evidence-based visitor management in protected areas. The proposed modified concept of tourism carrying capacity approaches the protected area as a destination system where the continuous determination, estimation, and attainment of the visitation optimum are the main problems to be solved. The overall aim is to construct a comprehensive destination model which can be embedded into a decision-support system for visitor management. Testing of the proposed system, derived through an inductive process, has been initiated in the Czech Republic's protected area, for which a comprehensive destination model is being created.

ACS Style

Martina Pásková; Geoffrey Wall; David Zejda; Josef Zelenka. Tourism carrying capacity reconceptualization: Modelling and management of destinations. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management 2021, 21, 100638 .

AMA Style

Martina Pásková, Geoffrey Wall, David Zejda, Josef Zelenka. Tourism carrying capacity reconceptualization: Modelling and management of destinations. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management. 2021; 21 ():100638.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Martina Pásková; Geoffrey Wall; David Zejda; Josef Zelenka. 2021. "Tourism carrying capacity reconceptualization: Modelling and management of destinations." Journal of Destination Marketing & Management 21, no. : 100638.

Original article
Published: 17 April 2021 in Geoheritage
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Holistic interpretation of Earth heritage is one of the most important tasks of UNESCO Global geoparks. The ABC (abiotic, biotic, and cultural interconnections) concept is a potential interpretive approach used in Earth heritage popularization through geotourism. Apart of the deeper understanding of this concept, this study explores the application of this concept in selected geoparks. The Colca and Volcanoes Andagua UNESCO Global Geopark (Peru) and Muroto UNESCO Global Geopark (Japan) served as a case study in the frame of this qualitative research conducted during the summer 2019. Results show that the ABC approach is nearly perfectly understood by both geoparks, however there are both internal and external factors which influence the extent and form of how this concept is applied in practice. Except for specific geographical settings, different stages of geopark product development, and different managerial approaches, they mainly include the level of scientific knowledge and general education in the given geopark, as well as level of knowledge management and networking with another UNESCO global geoparks. The more experienced Muroto Geopark interpretation exhibits a comparatively higher level of visible ABC application, while the Colca and Volcanoes Andagua Geopark can benefit in the future from the natural inclination and ability of the local people to integrate the cultural aspects into their Earth heritage interpretation.

ACS Style

M. Pásková; J. Zelenka; T. Ogasawara; B. Zavala; I. Astete. The ABC Concept—Value Added to the Earth Heritage Interpretation? Geoheritage 2021, 13, 1 -25.

AMA Style

M. Pásková, J. Zelenka, T. Ogasawara, B. Zavala, I. Astete. The ABC Concept—Value Added to the Earth Heritage Interpretation? Geoheritage. 2021; 13 (2):1-25.

Chicago/Turabian Style

M. Pásková; J. Zelenka; T. Ogasawara; B. Zavala; I. Astete. 2021. "The ABC Concept—Value Added to the Earth Heritage Interpretation?" Geoheritage 13, no. 2: 1-25.

Journal article
Published: 24 March 2021 in Administrative Sciences
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Obtaining information about destinations and services they provide is ever more based on user-generated content (UGC), which includes reviews of tourism services as well as evaluation of attractions and destinations by visitors. The growing importance of reviews of tourism services is recognized by tourism service providers, and some of them influence the content of reviews on review sites. At the same time, procedures for the prevention of false and misleading reviews, as well as their detection, are being intensively developed. This is documented in relevant sources, which were identified especially on the Web of Science, Scopus, Sciencedirect, Researchgate and the websites of MDPI, Emerald and Taylor & Francis Online. The aim of this study is to reveal how the verification of reviews can be improved with the intention to increase confidence in the review sites. In the form of case studies of TripAdvisor and Booking.com, the current rise of trust in reviews on these review sites was analysed and documented. The outputs of research include a SWOT analysis, processual analysis and an analysis of verification process, conditions, factors affecting trust in reviews on review sites. On these bases, a conceptual model for providing verified reviews of tourism services or verified destination assessment and two process models for providing verified reviews of tourism services and for providing verified destination assessment have been drawn up.

ACS Style

Josef Zelenka; Tracy Azubuike; Martina Pásková. Trust Model for Online Reviews of Tourism Services and Evaluation of Destinations. Administrative Sciences 2021, 11, 34 .

AMA Style

Josef Zelenka, Tracy Azubuike, Martina Pásková. Trust Model for Online Reviews of Tourism Services and Evaluation of Destinations. Administrative Sciences. 2021; 11 (2):34.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Josef Zelenka; Tracy Azubuike; Martina Pásková. 2021. "Trust Model for Online Reviews of Tourism Services and Evaluation of Destinations." Administrative Sciences 11, no. 2: 34.

Journal article
Published: 03 January 2021 in Sustainability
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Emerging forms of alternative or even niche tourism represent a dynamic trend in tourism development. Astrotourism is completely off the beaten path. The aim of this study is to provide a deeper insight into this phenomenon. It strives to reveal motivations, experiences, and perceptions of its participants. It also aspires to propose its complex definition as an activity including both terrestrial astrotourism and space tourism. It is suggested to perceive it not only as a form of alternative and/or niche tourism, but also that of mass and professional tourism. To reach these objectives, the authors analyzed relevant published studies and astrotourism products presented on relevant websites and social media. They elaborated the collected secondary data by mental mapping and the comparative analysis of terrestrial and space tourism products. Moreover, the authors collected primary data through a survey with open-ended questions addressed to persons interested in astrotourism and through semi-structured interviews with terrestrial astrotourism participants and personalities. The results provide insight into both the specifity and variability of astrotourism and their typical products, as well as a discussion of their future trends. They also bring a motivation spectrum for the astrotourism participants and benefits perceived by them.

ACS Style

Martina Pásková; Nicol Budinská; Josef Zelenka. Astrotourism–Exceeding Limits of the Earth and Tourism Definitions? Sustainability 2021, 13, 373 .

AMA Style

Martina Pásková, Nicol Budinská, Josef Zelenka. Astrotourism–Exceeding Limits of the Earth and Tourism Definitions? Sustainability. 2021; 13 (1):373.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Martina Pásková; Nicol Budinská; Josef Zelenka. 2021. "Astrotourism–Exceeding Limits of the Earth and Tourism Definitions?" Sustainability 13, no. 1: 373.

Journal article
Published: 30 July 2019 in Sustainability
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Visitor management in protected areas requires knowledge of visitors—their numbers, time-space curves, motivation, behavior, and satisfaction as an important input. The systematic analysis, comparison, and synthesis of visitor monitoring methods, with the focus on methods for individual tracking, is conceptualized in the form of a mind map. The map serves as a basis for managed dialogues with experts from several protected areas in the Czech Republic. The theory and experts’ practical insight are processed by the means of systems analysis with the aim to formulate (1) a guideline for the integration of heterogeneous data about visitors and (2) the concept of an advanced intelligent software tour guide with an individual tracking function. The proposed concept aims to achieve comprehensive monitoring of visitors’ time-space behavior in the context of their socio-demographics, goals, preferences, feelings, and the resulting impressions. In addition, the visitor flows may be interactively influenced in a personalized way by the application, leading to better individual impressions and satisfaction, with full respect for the carrying capacity of the territory. Related challenges, such as the stimulation of visitors to use the application, are discussed. The ongoing experimental implementation of the concept as a part of a comprehensive destination application is mentioned at the end.

ACS Style

David Zejda; Josef Zelenka. The Concept of Comprehensive Tracking Software to Support Sustainable Tourism in Protected Areas. Sustainability 2019, 11, 4104 .

AMA Style

David Zejda, Josef Zelenka. The Concept of Comprehensive Tracking Software to Support Sustainable Tourism in Protected Areas. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (15):4104.

Chicago/Turabian Style

David Zejda; Josef Zelenka. 2019. "The Concept of Comprehensive Tracking Software to Support Sustainable Tourism in Protected Areas." Sustainability 11, no. 15: 4104.

Journal article
Published: 01 June 2019 in Czech Journal of Tourism
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The purpose of this paper is to make conceptual analysis support of the travelling of people with disabilities by using mobile technologies. Based on the conducted qualitative research, an analysis of the requirements for LBSs (local based services) to support the safe travel of people with health disabilities in the context of price and energy consumption optimization has been done. It was accompanied by the conceptual analysis of the use of the LBS to support the safe travel for people with disabilities in both individual and collective tourism. The concept of the application, which will fulfil all discussed requirements, was created. It is based on the analysis of the requirements for safe travel of disabled persons, analysis of available mobile technologies, and analysis of dynamic health assessment options by using neural networks. The presented concept includes the key components of a solution: procedures for reactive and preventive care and individualization of the system settings according to the specific needs.

ACS Style

Jan Trejbal; Josef Zelenka. Mobile Technologies as Support of Travelling of People with Disabilities. Czech Journal of Tourism 2019, 8, 65 -79.

AMA Style

Jan Trejbal, Josef Zelenka. Mobile Technologies as Support of Travelling of People with Disabilities. Czech Journal of Tourism. 2019; 8 (1):65-79.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jan Trejbal; Josef Zelenka. 2019. "Mobile Technologies as Support of Travelling of People with Disabilities." Czech Journal of Tourism 8, no. 1: 65-79.

Journal article
Published: 01 December 2018 in Czech Journal of Tourism
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Geotourism is still a relatively new direction of tourism and its development is bound mainly to the territory of geoparks. Many geoparks try to develop different types of geo-products with a focus on different target groups. However, the nature of these products is very different and their development is evident mainly in the time scale. In the past, simple forms of interpretation and application of geoproducts were popular, whereas currently, modern technologies such as animations or augmented reality are thriving. This is mainly due to the better availability of technological equipment. At the same time, a number of geoparks boast of above-average interpreters, who are able to render and simplify difficult geological topics. This also applies to their ability to create of new geoproducts, where the need to abbreviate and condense information is evident. The results of the study show a positive trend in the use of modern methods in geoscience interpretation and in the creation of new geoproducts. At the same time, it is clear that without a modern concept it is very difficult to reach the current visitors. Therefore, such a concept is necessary in order to develop geoscientific issues, especially in the area of geoparks.

ACS Style

Jan Doucek; Josef Zelenka. New Trends in Geoproducts Development: Železné Hory National Geopark Case Study. Czech Journal of Tourism 2018, 7, 179 -195.

AMA Style

Jan Doucek, Josef Zelenka. New Trends in Geoproducts Development: Železné Hory National Geopark Case Study. Czech Journal of Tourism. 2018; 7 (2):179-195.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jan Doucek; Josef Zelenka. 2018. "New Trends in Geoproducts Development: Železné Hory National Geopark Case Study." Czech Journal of Tourism 7, no. 2: 179-195.

Journal article
Published: 01 November 2018 in Sustainable Geoscience and Geotourism
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UNESCO global geoparkUNESCO global geoparks dynamic initiative draws attention of both experts and public by its innovatively holistic approach to conservation, presentation and interpretation of the Earth heritage interrelating the geodiversity of the region with its biodiversity and cultural diversity. The objective of this contribution is to analyse the processes behind the sustainability management of the UNESCO global geoparks.The process analysis of the certification and revalidation schemes of the UNESCO global geoparks reveals a combined application of the interrelated approaches of the sustainability management, in particular the environmental quality management, knowledge management, strategic management and participative management. The environmental quality management, stimulating UNESCO global geoparks to implement their mission, is ensured through the system of initial certification and regular revalidations. The performance of the UNESCO global geoparks is coordinated on the continental and global levels. This networking facilitates an effective implementation of the knowledge management, which consists in the systematic sharing of knowledge and experience among individual geopark representatives. The participative management is implemented not only through the participation of the individual geoparks representatives in the decision making processes of the Global Geoparks Network and continental networks, but mainly through the participation of local actors in the activities of given UNESCO global geopark. The application of the strategic management ensures the long term balanced contribution of UNESCO global geoparks to the sustainable development and cultural identity of the given region. The analysis has shown a specific way in which the selected concepts of the sustainability management are implemented in the evaluation and revalidation procedures, networking and other pillars of the UNESCO global geoparks development.

ACS Style

Martina Pásková; Josef Zelenka. Sustainability Management of Unesco Global Geoparks. Sustainable Geoscience and Geotourism 2018, 2, 44 -64.

AMA Style

Martina Pásková, Josef Zelenka. Sustainability Management of Unesco Global Geoparks. Sustainable Geoscience and Geotourism. 2018; 2 ():44-64.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Martina Pásková; Josef Zelenka. 2018. "Sustainability Management of Unesco Global Geoparks." Sustainable Geoscience and Geotourism 2, no. : 44-64.

Journal article
Published: 01 June 2018 in Czech Journal of Tourism
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Multimedia communication through social media has been experiencing constantly growing significance in the field of airline marketing. The aim of the research presented in this paper was to find out and, with the help of both qualitative and quantitative analyses, describe the way YouTube is used by airlines. The research was conducted in the form of a comparative study with the objective of identifying the difference between YouTube performance of full-service carriers (FSCs) and low-cost carriers (LCCs). The intention was to identify which factors influence the effectiveness of airline marketing conducted via YouTube an as well as the way in which they do it. Analysis of selected data was facilitated by social media analytics tool SocialBakers, content analyses and a correlation analysis of YouTube metrics, selected on the base of previous research results. The research data were collected twice during the year 2017 in order to reflect changes over time. Research results showed that FSCs build their YouTube channels more systematically than LCCs. FSCs offer a substantially wider range of video topics and often sort out topics of their videos in a more detailed way. Regarding the basic metrics of YouTube channels (total number of views, number of subscribers), FSCs surpass LCCs significantly. One reason for their much higher rate of views is the fact that FSCs use celebrities more frequently, and frequently they offer high-quality impression/relationship airline presentation.

ACS Style

Martina Pásková; Jan Hruška; Josef Zelenka. YouTube as an Airlines Marketing Tool. Czech Journal of Tourism 2018, 7, 45 -69.

AMA Style

Martina Pásková, Jan Hruška, Josef Zelenka. YouTube as an Airlines Marketing Tool. Czech Journal of Tourism. 2018; 7 (1):45-69.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Martina Pásková; Jan Hruška; Josef Zelenka. 2018. "YouTube as an Airlines Marketing Tool." Czech Journal of Tourism 7, no. 1: 45-69.

Article
Published: 01 December 2016 in Czech Journal of Tourism
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Comprehensive understanding of the destination perception by its visitors represents one of the key prerequisites of professional destination management on its both strategic and tactical level. This study continues in previous research focused on the analysis of the perception of different landscape types of the Czech Republic, zooming this time on the perception of the landscape of the Bohemian Paradise destination. The emphasis is put on the understanding of manifestations of genius loci and the exogenous factors in the landscape perception. The participant ´s observation of visitors’ behaviour, evaluation of their spontaneous discussions and comments, structured interviews and introspection supplemented by recordings of exogenous factors represented methods used to get an insight into the perception of landscape and genius loci manifestation in the selected research localities. The qualitative research strategy in the form of pilot research led to the confirmation of suitability of applied methods and to the formulation of the preliminary hypotheses of the future quantitative research. The findings of this pilot research indicate the correctness of the assumption of the exogenous factors (weather, daytimes and seasons of the year) influence on the landscape perception as well as the manifestation of the genius loci perceived by the majority of visitors.

ACS Style

Martin Bušek; Martina Pásková; Josef Zelenka. Landscape Perception of the Bohemian Paradise. Czech Journal of Tourism 2016, 5, 111 -133.

AMA Style

Martin Bušek, Martina Pásková, Josef Zelenka. Landscape Perception of the Bohemian Paradise. Czech Journal of Tourism. 2016; 5 (2):111-133.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Martin Bušek; Martina Pásková; Josef Zelenka. 2016. "Landscape Perception of the Bohemian Paradise." Czech Journal of Tourism 5, no. 2: 111-133.

Journal article
Published: 01 September 2013 in Czech Journal of Tourism
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Visitor management is often too narrowly connected with mass/individual tourism in protected areas. Generally, visitor management can be used in any destination for mass and individual tourism also in connection with optimization of visitor flows, visitor concentration, and optimization of visitor impacts in a very broad sense. This paper focuses on the introduction of the theoretical concept of visitor management; it discusses different visitor management approaches and their principles, compares these approaches, and shortly describes typical visitor management tools. The discussion focuses on the appropriate use of chosen selected tools, mainly carrying capacity approaches, zoning and optimization of tourism infrastructure and monitoring, including tourism sustainability indicators. The computer simulation and prediction of qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the phenomena in destination is also shortly described. The typical application of visitor management in protected areas is described as a case study and a set of recommendations for visitor management are declared.

ACS Style

Josef Zelenka; Jaroslav Kacetl. Visitor management in protected areas. Czech Journal of Tourism 2013, 2, 5 -18.

AMA Style

Josef Zelenka, Jaroslav Kacetl. Visitor management in protected areas. Czech Journal of Tourism. 2013; 2 (1):5-18.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Josef Zelenka; Jaroslav Kacetl. 2013. "Visitor management in protected areas." Czech Journal of Tourism 2, no. 1: 5-18.