High-fidelity vehicle trajectory data contain rich spatiotemporal characteristics and play a major role in the field of transportation research, for example, driving behavior models, traffic flow models, traffic state identification, and driver assistance strategies. There are some coverage issues with the existing datasets recorded in continuous traffic flow facilities, which may limit the further development of research on the safety and efficiency of continuous traffic flow facilities. For example, the observation areas of these datasets lack different traffic states and section types. Therefore, it is necessary to collect a new trajectory dataset. This paper proposes a detailed plan for aerial photography by unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) group. An experiment was conducted from 7:40 to 10:40 a.m. on a section of the Shanghai Inner Ring, Shanghai, China, with a total length of 4,000 m in both directions including a large radius curve and six ramps. The trajectory dataset, named MAGIC, is extracted and compared with NGSIM US-101 and HIGH-SIM from the aspects of experiment field, traffic states, and so on. Further, to illustrate the advantages of the MAGIC dataset incorporating different traffic states and section types, the MAGIC dataset is evaluated from the three aspects of traffic congestion state, fundamental diagram, and traffic conflict. Overall, there are significant differences in macroscopic traffic flow and traffic safety characteristics between road sections with different section types or traffic states. Therefore, the proposed method presents some unique advantages and may perform effectively in many fields.

Fault diagnosis for turnouts is crucial to the safety of railways. Existing studies on fault diagnosis depend on human experiences to select reference curves and require fault type information beforehand. Therefore, we proposed a turnout fault diagnosis method, named similarity function and fuzzy c-means based two-stage algorithm to detect faults and identify fault types in real time. First, the reference curve is selected from current curves representing turnout actions by K-means algorithm; then, a similarity function called Fréchet distance is used to distinguish normal and abnormal curves. Second, an improved fuzzy c-means algorithm is employed to cluster curves automatically. To be more specific, it can double-confirm the normal curves recognized in the first step as well as divide the abnormal curves into different types. Furthermore, possible causes for each fault type are inferred according to their curves. Our approach integrates fault detection and fault classification into one model and would better help the diagnosis of turnouts. The analysis results based on the similarity function and fuzzy c-means based two-stage algorithm algorithm indicate that the analyzed turnout fault types can be diagnosed automatically with high accuracy. Furthermore, since the proposed similarity function and fuzzy c-means algorithm does not need to know fault types in advance, it is applicable in identifying new fault types.