Most research support positive relationships between physical activity and mental health. However, possible moderating variables of these relationships have also been identified, such as age, gender, level of physical activity, and the scope of physical activity. This study aimed to analyze the relationships between physical activity and mental health levels in undergraduate students, assessing whether these associations can change depending on the level of physical activity (low, medium, or high) and the setting (occupational, commuting, or leisure time physical activity) in which it was performed. A descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted. The sample comprised 847 undergraduate students. Physical activity and mental health were measured by the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQv2) and the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12). We found relationships between students’ physical activity level and their mental health status. The higher the total physical activity, the better their mental health scores. High levels of commuting and leisure time physical activity is also associated with better mental health, while only moderate levels of occupational physical activity are associated with better mental health status. Regarding the possible associations between physical activity and vulnerability to mental health problems, with the fully adjusted regression model, leisure time and occupational physical activity remain protective of a poor state of mental health. Leisure time physical activity, performed at a high level, and moderate occupational physical activity seems to be the best combination of physical activity to reduce students’ vulnerability to potential mental health problems.

There seems to be a broad consensus that there is a positive correlation between resilience and sport performance. However, different studies show divergent results on the role played by certain variables in this relationship. This study aimed to analyze the possible relationships between resilience levels and the practiced sport according to gender, age, and competitive level of the athletes in 1047 competitive athletes from five different sports (handball, basketball, volleyball, athletics, and judo). Resilience was assessed with the Spanish version of the Brief Resilience Scale (BRS). Results of independent samples t-tests or analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed no significant differences on the level of resilience according to the practiced sport or the competitive level. However, the analyses of covariance (ANCOVA) showed that they were related to the gender and age of the athletes, being higher in males than in females, and there was a positive correlation with age. These results seem to suggest the convenience of using differentiated strategies, according to gender and age, when working on all those protective factors that could allow the athlete to perform better when facing adversity in the competitive environment.

Background: Physical activity (PA) can be a mechanism that develops emotions. Emotional intelligence (EI) is related to significant public health and psychological benefits. However, there is little information about the relationships between PA and EI dimensions: emotional attention, clarity, and repair. This study examined the possible relationships between these variables in undergraduate students from Madrid. As a secondary aim, sex differences in PA domains and EI dimensions were examined.Methods: A total of 2960 (21.34 ± 4.34 years) undergraduate students from Madrid (Spain) fulfilled the Trait Meta-Mood Scale (TMMS-24) and Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ). We used a MANOVA to compare EI and PA levels according to sex. Different linear regressions were conducted to calculate the PA and age prediction power based on EI.Results: We found a significant association between EI dimensions and PA levels, although these relationships were small. Fully adjusted linear regression showed that sex and leisure-time PA (LTPA) were associated of emotional attention (r²_c = .025). Sex, age, and LTPA were associated of emotional repair (r²_c = .024). There were statistically significant differences in EI by sex (p ≤ .001; η²_{p =}.039), with higher scores in emotional attention for women (p ≤ .001) and emotional clarity (p ≤ .001) and repair (p ≤ .001) for men. PA levels differed according to sex (p ≤ .001; η²_{p =}.038). Men show higher scores in LTPA levels (p = .002) and occupational PA (p ≤ .001).Conclusions: Undergraduate students with higher levels of LTPA showed a better score on EI, specifically in emotional attention and emotional repair. However, these associations and the predictive power of LTPA regarding emotional attention and emotional repair were weak. Men engaged in more LTPA and occupational PA and had higher emotional clarity and emotional repair than women. However, women had higher emotional attention.

Beetroot juice (BJ) contains high levels of inorganic nitrate (NO₃⁻) and its intake has good evidence in increasing blood nitrate/nitrite concentrations. The ingestion of BJ has been associated with improvements in physical performance of endurance sports, however the literature in intermittent sports is scarce. The aim of this study was to investigate whether BJ could improve physical performance in tennis players. Thirteen well-trained tennis players (25.4 ± 5.1 years) participated in the study during their preparatory period for the tennis season. Subjects were randomly divided into two groups and performed a neuromuscular test battery after either BJ or placebo (PLA) consumption. Both trials were executed on two separate days, in randomized order, with one week of wash out period. The test battery consisted of serve velocity test (SVT), countermovement jump (CMJ), isometric handgrip strength (IHS), 5-0-5 agility test (5-0-5), and 10 m sprint (10-m). No significant differences were found in SVT (1.19%; p = 0.536), CMJ (0.96%; p = 0.327), IHS (4.06%; p = 0.069), 5-0-5 dominant and nondominant side (1.11–2.02%; p = 0.071–0.191) and 10-m (1.05%; p = 0.277) when comparing BJ and PLA ingestion. Thus, our data suggest that low doses of BJ (70 mL) consumption do not enhance tennis physical performance.

Why are there numerous cases of esports teams with superstar rosters that have failed? This question highlights that having top professional players with extraordinary individual skills may not be enough to achieve success. Since winning is a primary goal, it is crucial to understand all the variables that positively influence performance. While individual performance is critical to success as part of an esports team, team dynamics, structures, and processes also foster group functioning and performance. Thus, this research aims to conduct a systematic review of the team variables involved in the performance of esports teams. For this purpose, we conducted a literature search following the PRISMA guidelines in Science Direct, Web of Science, and PsycInfo databases since 2023. This search resulted in 371 articles, and after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of twenty-three scientific articles were analyzed. The results were grouped under seven main topics: 1) Organigram, 2) Stages of a team, 3) Team structure, 4) Team variables and processes, 5) Leadership, 6) Lack of experience in team integration, and 7) Holistic and integral perspective. To conclude, more research is needed to study the effect of team dynamics in esports, as well as to highlight the role of the psychologist in fostering group dynamics to improve team cohesion, coordination, motivation, performance, and synergy.

A pesar de la variedad de enfoques ante el constructo de inteligencia emocional y la actividad física, se sigue investigando en esta área focalizando la atención en los deportistas actuales y en su rendimiento y no en las relaciones que estas actividades puedan tener con los diferentes niveles de las dimensiones de la inteligencia emocional. El objetivo principal de la investigación es estudiar las relaciones entre actividad física, experiencia deportiva a lo largo de la vida e inteligencia emocional en los alumnos universitarios. Se contactará con 1301 alumnos de Grado de la Comunidad de Madrid que contestarán a través de Google Forms a las siguientes herramientas: GPAQv2, encuesta ad hoc. De experiencia deportiva y TMMS-24. Se emplearán pruebas descriptivas, se llevará a cabo correlación bivariada de Pearson y se emplearán modelos de regresión múltiple por pasos. Los resultados ayudarán a enmarcar las investigaciones futuras dotando de importancia al deporte y a la actividad física como elementos fundamentales para el desarrollo y entrenamiento de forma transversal de las destrezas emocionales, encontrando y analizando las relaciones que existen entre el nivel de actividad física, la experiencia deportiva a lo largo de la vida de las personas y la inteligencia emocional en alumnos universitarios de Grado de la Comunidad de Madrid. Esta investigación pretende abrir una vía más en la que el deporte y la actividad física, vuelvan a ser el contexto idóneo para la solución de necesidades intrapersonales e interpersonales. Despite the existence of a variety of approaches on emotional intelligence and physical activity, research currently focuses on sportsmen/sportswomen and their performance rather than on the relation between the latter and the different levels of emotional intelligence. The main objective of this research is to analyze the relation between physical activity, individuals long-life sports experience, and emotional intelligence among undergraduate students. We will contact 1,301 undergraduate students from the Community of Madrid, who will fill up different questionnaires on the platform Google Forms: GPAQv2, ad hoc survey of sports experience, and TMMS-24. We will show descriptive statistics, Pearson bivariate correlations, and stepwise multiple regression models. The results will help define future research, giving importance to sports and physical activity as main elements for the development and training of emotional skills, as well as finding and analyzing the relation between physical activity levels, long life sports experience, and emotional intelligence among undergraduate students of Community of Madrid. This research may open a new way for sports and physical activity to be the perfect context to satisfy intrapersonal and interpersonal needs.