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Dr. Mark Griffiths is a Chartered Psychologist and Distinguished Professor of Behavioural Addiction at Nottingham Trent University, and Director of the International Gaming Research Unit. He has spent 33 years in the field and is internationally known for his work on gambling, gaming, and behavioral addictions. He has published over 1050 refereed research papers, six books, 160+ book chapters, and over 1500 other articles. He has won 23 national and international awards for his work, including the John Rosecrance Prize (1994), CELEJ Prize (1998), Joseph Lister Prize (2004), and the US National Council on Problem Gambling Lifetime Research Award (2013). He also does a lot of freelance journalism and has appeared on over 3500 radio and television programs, and written over 350 articles for national and international newspapers and magazines.
The aim of the present study was to examine the mediating roles of negative beliefs about emotions (NBAEs) and avoidance on the relationship between emotional maltreatment (i.e., emotional abuse and emotional neglect) and two kinds of behavioral addiction (i.e., gaming addiction and exercise addiction). The study comprised 731 participants (431 videogame players; 300 exercisers) who completed a survey comprising the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-Short Form, Leahy’s Emotional Schemas Scale, Cognitive Behavioral Avoidance Scale, Game Addiction Scale, and Exercise Dependence Scale-21. The findings indicated that emotionally abused gamers had more NBAEs and was associated with greater behavioral social avoidance and cognitive nonsocial avoidance. These greater types of avoidance reflected in higher gaming addiction scores. However, exercisers who had suffered emotional abuse and neglect had more NBAEs and were associated with greater behavioral nonsocial avoidance. These greater types of behavioral nonsocial avoidance reflected in lower exercise dependence scores.
Merve Denizci; Adviye Esin; Mark D. Griffiths. Gaming Addiction and Exercise Addiction: To What Extent Are They The Same or Different In Terms of Emotional Abuse and/or Emotional Neglect Etiologies? International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction 2021, 1 -22.
AMA StyleMerve Denizci, Adviye Esin, Mark D. Griffiths. Gaming Addiction and Exercise Addiction: To What Extent Are They The Same or Different In Terms of Emotional Abuse and/or Emotional Neglect Etiologies? International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction. 2021; ():1-22.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMerve Denizci; Adviye Esin; Mark D. Griffiths. 2021. "Gaming Addiction and Exercise Addiction: To What Extent Are They The Same or Different In Terms of Emotional Abuse and/or Emotional Neglect Etiologies?" International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction , no. : 1-22.
The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is a global health crisis that has generated fear and negative psychological consequences. The present study evaluated the validity and factor structure of Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S) among a sample from the general Indonesian population. The English version of the FCV-19S was translated and back-translated into Indonesian language, followed by a pilot study. Using convenience sampling method, a total of 728 participants completed an online survey distributed on various social media platforms. The survey included the FCV-19S, personality traits (neuroticism and extraversion), Positive and Negative Affect Scale (PANAS), Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7), and the nine-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). The Indonesian FCV-19S had very good internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha and McDonald’s omega) and composite reliability (alpha = 0.88, omega = .86, composite reliability = .87). Maximum likelihood confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was conducted to test construct validity (χ 2/df = 2.51, CFI = .984, SRMR = .028, PCLOSE = .15 > .05, RMSEA = .06, 90% CI [.03, .09]). As for criterion-related validity, the FCV-19S score positively correlated with the score on PHQ-9, GAD-7, negative affect, and neuroticism and negatively correlated with extraversion. Negative affect was identified as the most important predictor of the fear of COVID-19. Personality traits also predicted the fear of COVID-19. The findings provide evidence that the FCV-19S is a reliable and valid instrument for assessing fear generated by COVID-19 among a healthy Indonesian-speaking population.
Nabi Nazari; Shahnaz Safitri; Muhammet Usak; Arman Arabmarkadeh; Mark D. Griffiths. Psychometric Validation of the Indonesian Version of the Fear of COVID-19 Scale: Personality Traits Predict the Fear of COVID-19. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction 2021, 1 -17.
AMA StyleNabi Nazari, Shahnaz Safitri, Muhammet Usak, Arman Arabmarkadeh, Mark D. Griffiths. Psychometric Validation of the Indonesian Version of the Fear of COVID-19 Scale: Personality Traits Predict the Fear of COVID-19. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction. 2021; ():1-17.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNabi Nazari; Shahnaz Safitri; Muhammet Usak; Arman Arabmarkadeh; Mark D. Griffiths. 2021. "Psychometric Validation of the Indonesian Version of the Fear of COVID-19 Scale: Personality Traits Predict the Fear of COVID-19." International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction , no. : 1-17.
Exercise and healthy eating are proposed as a recommended lifestyle by the World Health Organization with several positive outcomes, including a decrease in pathologies such as diabetes and reduction in mortality rates. However, research suggests that there is the potential for exercise behaviour to become addictive among a small minority of individuals, which detrimentally impacts their lives. The risk of exercise addiction increases for endurance sports, of which cycling is considered one, given the intense physical and psychological demands, due to elevation and distance, in amateur cycling events. Understanding the risk factors specific to cycling is worthy of investigation, as it is not clear whether cycling can become an addiction. Using the ‘addiction component model’ as a framework, qualitative analysis was used to determine whether symptoms of addiction were present among a sample of eight female cyclists. Through the use of thematic analysis, the results showed that symptoms of addiction were reported by participants. Three themes were generated from research interviews comprising ‘addiction components’ (i.e. salience, conflict, mood modification, tolerance, withdrawal, and cycling despite health problems), ‘enabling infrastructure’ (i.e. supportive work, supportive family and friends), and ‘striving for excellence’ (i.e. needing to be the best, pushing too far, and having unrealistic expectation), currently measured in the ‘addiction component model’. There were also novel themes including ‘cycling above health’ where the participant continues to cycle against medical advice; ‘enabling infrastructure’ where work, family, and friends are accepting of cycling; and ‘striving for excellence’ where the participants ‘needing to be the best’ when comparing themselves to their peers, ‘pushing too far’ to achieve the goal set, and finally ‘unrealistic expectations’ resulting in negative comparison to peers. These findings suggest that addiction to cycling should be investigated further, and implications may necessitate clinical intervention to find alternative coping mechanisms when exercise is not available to an individual as there is a likelihood that individuals will continue to exercise in spite of injury and against medical advice.
Florence Baker; Mark D. Griffiths; Filipa Calado. Can Cycling Be Addictive? A Qualitative Interview Study Among Amateur Female Cyclists. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction 2021, 1 -24.
AMA StyleFlorence Baker, Mark D. Griffiths, Filipa Calado. Can Cycling Be Addictive? A Qualitative Interview Study Among Amateur Female Cyclists. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction. 2021; ():1-24.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFlorence Baker; Mark D. Griffiths; Filipa Calado. 2021. "Can Cycling Be Addictive? A Qualitative Interview Study Among Amateur Female Cyclists." International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction , no. : 1-24.
During the COVID-19 pandemic, mental health problems have increased and are likely to be influenced by personality traits. The present study investigated the association between personality traits and mental health problems (anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress syndrome (PTSD) symptoms, and obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) symptoms) through the person-centered approach because this has some advantages over the variable-centered approach. The data were collected from a sample of 765 Chinese citizens who participated in an online survey in October 2020. Latent profile analysis identified three latent personality profiles—highly adaptive, adaptive, and maladaptive. Highly adaptive individuals had higher extroversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, openness, and lower neuroticism, while maladaptive individuals had lower extroversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, openness, and higher neuroticism. Multivariate analysis of variance results showed that individuals with highly adaptive profiles had lower anxiety, depression, and PTSD symptoms compared to individuals with adaptive and maladaptive profiles. The findings of the present study indicate mental health professionals would benefit from formulated intervention plans given the association between latent personality profiles and mental health problems.
Mei Li; Zahir Ahmed; Fatema Akhter Hiramoni; Aibao Zhou; Oli Ahmed; Mark D. Griffiths. Mental Health and Personality Traits during COVID-19 in China: A Latent Profile Analysis. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2021, 18, 8693 .
AMA StyleMei Li, Zahir Ahmed, Fatema Akhter Hiramoni, Aibao Zhou, Oli Ahmed, Mark D. Griffiths. Mental Health and Personality Traits during COVID-19 in China: A Latent Profile Analysis. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18 (16):8693.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMei Li; Zahir Ahmed; Fatema Akhter Hiramoni; Aibao Zhou; Oli Ahmed; Mark D. Griffiths. 2021. "Mental Health and Personality Traits during COVID-19 in China: A Latent Profile Analysis." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 16: 8693.
The present study examined whether the relationship between the Dark Triad (DT) of personality and problematic smartphone use (PSU) can be explained by the mediating role of fear of missing out (FoMO). The role of FoMO in this relationship has yet to be examined. A total of 457 participants completed an online survey. Results indicated that males scored high on measures assessing DT of personality, while females scored high on PSU. Structural equation modelling showed that narcissism was directly associated with PSU. FoMO partially mediated the association between narcissism and PSU. Machiavellianism and narcissism were directly associated with FoMO. In the fully mediated model, narcissism (but not Machiavellianism) was still associated with FoMO, and in turn, FoMO was related to PSU. Although preliminary, the results of the present study indicated that Machiavellianism and narcissism might represent antecedents of FoMO, in addition to the Big Five personality traits, and both could be involved in the development of PSU.
Rocco Servidio; Mark Griffiths; Zsolt Demetrovics. Dark Triad of Personality and Problematic Smartphone Use: A Preliminary Study on the Mediating Role of Fear of Missing Out. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2021, 18, 8463 .
AMA StyleRocco Servidio, Mark Griffiths, Zsolt Demetrovics. Dark Triad of Personality and Problematic Smartphone Use: A Preliminary Study on the Mediating Role of Fear of Missing Out. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18 (16):8463.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRocco Servidio; Mark Griffiths; Zsolt Demetrovics. 2021. "Dark Triad of Personality and Problematic Smartphone Use: A Preliminary Study on the Mediating Role of Fear of Missing Out." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 16: 8463.
Excessive problematic sexual behavior in the form of compulsive sexual behavior disorder (CSBD), hypersexuality (HS), and sex addiction has gained increasing credibility in recent years and has led to the development of various psychometric instruments to assess such behavior. However, there is still considerable controversy over the operational definition of such concepts and whether they can be used interchangeably to describe the behavior. One recently developed tool is the Bergen–Yale Sex Addiction Scale (BYSAS) based on the “components model of addiction.” The present study validated the Italian version of the BYSAS. The BYSAS was administered to a large Italian-speaking sample of Italian adults [N = 1230, aged 18 to 67 years] along with psychometric instruments assessing the “Big Five” personality traits, self-esteem, depression, and two other measures of addictive sexual behavior (i.e., PATHOS and Shorter PROMIS Questionnaire–Sex Subscale). Confirmatory factorial analysis supported a one-factor solution. Furthermore, the scale had good internal consistency (Cronbach’s α = 0.787). The BYSAS was positively associated with extroversion, openness to experience, depression, and problematic sexual behavior, and negatively associated with self-esteem, conscientiousness, emotional stability, agreeableness, and age. Based on the findings, the BYSAS is a brief, psychometrically reliable and valid measure for assessing sex addiction among Italian adults.
Paolo Soraci; Francesco M. Melchiori; Elena Del Fante; Roberto Melchiori; Eleonora Guaitoli; Fulvia Lagattolla; Grazia Parente; Enrico Bonanno; Laura Norbiato; Roberta Cimaglia; Lorenzo Campedelli; Francesco Antonio Abbiati; Ambra Ferrari; Mark D. Griffiths. Validation and Psychometric Evaluation of the Italian Version of the Bergen–Yale Sex Addiction Scale. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction 2021, 1 -27.
AMA StylePaolo Soraci, Francesco M. Melchiori, Elena Del Fante, Roberto Melchiori, Eleonora Guaitoli, Fulvia Lagattolla, Grazia Parente, Enrico Bonanno, Laura Norbiato, Roberta Cimaglia, Lorenzo Campedelli, Francesco Antonio Abbiati, Ambra Ferrari, Mark D. Griffiths. Validation and Psychometric Evaluation of the Italian Version of the Bergen–Yale Sex Addiction Scale. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction. 2021; ():1-27.
Chicago/Turabian StylePaolo Soraci; Francesco M. Melchiori; Elena Del Fante; Roberto Melchiori; Eleonora Guaitoli; Fulvia Lagattolla; Grazia Parente; Enrico Bonanno; Laura Norbiato; Roberta Cimaglia; Lorenzo Campedelli; Francesco Antonio Abbiati; Ambra Ferrari; Mark D. Griffiths. 2021. "Validation and Psychometric Evaluation of the Italian Version of the Bergen–Yale Sex Addiction Scale." International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction , no. : 1-27.
Dental students are highly prone to mental health suffering due to the stressors related to their educational, academic, and clinical environment. However, there are no previous studies that evaluated the mental health problems among dental students in Bangladesh. Therefore, the present study assessed the prevalence of depression and anxiety and its covariates. A cross-sectional survey was carried out among the students of five (out of a total of nine) Bangladeshi public dental institutes. The survey included the Patient Health Questionnaire, the Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale, and questions relating to sociodemographic factors, personal suffering, and family mental health history. Results indicated that the prevalence rates for moderate to severe depression and anxiety were 27.4% and 18.2%, respectively. The risk factors for depression and anxiety were being female, coming from city areas, having past-year psychological and physical suffering, having past-year traumatic events, and having a family history of mental illness, as well as a range of suicide-related behaviors. The prevalence rates of depression and anxiety in the present study were relatively lower than other dental student cohorts residing outside Bangladesh. Further investigations are suggested based on the limitations and strengths of the present study.
Omar Faruk; Mohammed A. Mamun; Abu Bakkar Siddique; Mark D. Griffiths. Risk Factors for Depression and Anxiety Disorders Among Bangladeshi Dental Students: A Cross-Sectional Survey Study. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction 2021, 1 -14.
AMA StyleOmar Faruk, Mohammed A. Mamun, Abu Bakkar Siddique, Mark D. Griffiths. Risk Factors for Depression and Anxiety Disorders Among Bangladeshi Dental Students: A Cross-Sectional Survey Study. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction. 2021; ():1-14.
Chicago/Turabian StyleOmar Faruk; Mohammed A. Mamun; Abu Bakkar Siddique; Mark D. Griffiths. 2021. "Risk Factors for Depression and Anxiety Disorders Among Bangladeshi Dental Students: A Cross-Sectional Survey Study." International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction , no. : 1-14.
Although the beneficial aspects of web platforms such as Facebook are recognized, excessive social media use can lead to problematic or addictive behavior among a minority of users. Because anxious attachment has usually been analyzed in the relation to Internet addiction, social media addiction, and Facebook intensity use, the main aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between anxious attachment and Facebook addiction. A multiple-mediation model was proposed including a four-path mediating effect via need to belong (NTB), self-esteem, and Facebook use to meet romantic partners. Data were collected from a sample of 530 university students (39.6% males, Mage = 21.3 years, SD = 2.1). Path analysis was performed based on the maximum likelihood estimation with resampling method. The direct and indirect effects in the four-path mediation model were tested by user-defined estimands and bias-corrected bootstrap method. The findings provided evidence for the association between anxious attachment, Facebook addiction, low self-esteem, high NTB, and Facebook use to meet romantic partners. Path analysis showed excellent fit between theoretical model and sample data. Anxious attachment had an indirect effect on Facebook addiction via high NTB, low self-esteem, and Facebook use to meet romantic partners. The novel findings deepen the understanding the mediating mechanisms of the relationship between anxious attachment and Facebook addiction and will help contribute to the development of effective prevention and treatment to enable more responsible and healthy Facebook use.
Elena Stănculescu; Mark D. Griffiths. Anxious Attachment and Facebook Addiction: The Mediating Role of Need to Belong, Self-esteem, and Facebook Use to Meet Romantic Partners. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction 2021, 1 -17.
AMA StyleElena Stănculescu, Mark D. Griffiths. Anxious Attachment and Facebook Addiction: The Mediating Role of Need to Belong, Self-esteem, and Facebook Use to Meet Romantic Partners. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction. 2021; ():1-17.
Chicago/Turabian StyleElena Stănculescu; Mark D. Griffiths. 2021. "Anxious Attachment and Facebook Addiction: The Mediating Role of Need to Belong, Self-esteem, and Facebook Use to Meet Romantic Partners." International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction , no. : 1-17.
The role of fear of missing out (FoMO) in addictive behaviors has recently attracted growing attention. In view of negative effects of gaming disorder (GD) among adolescents and emerging adults, research examining the relationship between FoMO and GD is needed, alongside the roles of impulsivity and gender in the relationship between FoMO and GD. This study examined whether impulsivity as a mediator and gender as a moderator impacted on the relationship between FoMO and GD among a sample of Chinese university students. A sample of 1,288 Chinese university students from three universities completed an online survey through the Wenjuanxing platform. The Chinese Trait-State Fear of Missing Out Scale, the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale-Brief, and the Chinese Gaming Disorder Scale were used in this study. The model results indicated that impulsivity partially mediated the relationship between FoMO and GD, and that there was a larger effect size between impulsivity and GD among males. High levels of FoMO among individuals may impact on executive functions leading to more impulsivity, and are associated with GD. Gender may moderate the relationship between impulsivity and GD. This study deepens the understanding of the relationship between FoMO and GD, and provides new perspectives for practitioners to incorporate into health prevention programs to help regulate emotion, control impulsivity, and decrease GD.
Li Li; Mark D. Griffiths; Songli Mei; Zhimin Niu. The Mediating Role of Impulsivity and the Moderating Role of Gender Between Fear of Missing Out and Gaming Disorder Among a Sample of Chinese University Students. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking 2021, 24, 550 -557.
AMA StyleLi Li, Mark D. Griffiths, Songli Mei, Zhimin Niu. The Mediating Role of Impulsivity and the Moderating Role of Gender Between Fear of Missing Out and Gaming Disorder Among a Sample of Chinese University Students. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking. 2021; 24 (8):550-557.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLi Li; Mark D. Griffiths; Songli Mei; Zhimin Niu. 2021. "The Mediating Role of Impulsivity and the Moderating Role of Gender Between Fear of Missing Out and Gaming Disorder Among a Sample of Chinese University Students." Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking 24, no. 8: 550-557.
Watching online videos (including short-form videos) has become the most popular leisure activity in China. However, a few studies have reported the potential negative effects of online video watching behaviors (including the potential for ‘addiction’) among a minority of individuals. The present study investigated online video watching behaviors, motivational factors for watching online videos, and potentially addictive indicators of watching online videos. Semi-structured interviews were conducted among 20 young Chinese adults. Qualitative data were analyzed using thematic analysis. Eight themes were identified comprising: (i) content is key; (ii) types of online video watching; (iii) platform function hooks; (iv) personal interests; (v) watching becoming habitual; (vi) social interaction needs; (vii) reassurance needs; and (viii) addiction-like symptoms. Specific video content (e.g., mukbang, pornography), platform-driven continuous watching, and short-form videos were perceived by some participants as being potentially addictive. Specific features or content on Chinese online video platforms (e.g., ‘Danmu’ scrolling comments) need further investigation. Future studies should explore users’ addictive-like behaviors in relation to specific types of online video content and their social interaction on these platforms.
Zeyang Yang; Mark Griffiths; Zhihao Yan; Wenting Xu. Can Watching Online Videos Be Addictive? A Qualitative Exploration of Online Video Watching among Chinese Young Adults. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2021, 18, 7247 .
AMA StyleZeyang Yang, Mark Griffiths, Zhihao Yan, Wenting Xu. Can Watching Online Videos Be Addictive? A Qualitative Exploration of Online Video Watching among Chinese Young Adults. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18 (14):7247.
Chicago/Turabian StyleZeyang Yang; Mark Griffiths; Zhihao Yan; Wenting Xu. 2021. "Can Watching Online Videos Be Addictive? A Qualitative Exploration of Online Video Watching among Chinese Young Adults." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 14: 7247.
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic-related “stay-at-home” and confinement orders has led individuals to be more engaged with technology use (eg, internet use). For a minority of individuals, excessive use can become problematic and addictive. However, the investigation of problematic internet use in the COVID-19 context is only just emerging. Therefore, the present study investigated the changes in internet use behaviors and addiction rates in comparison with prior Bangladeshi studies. Methods: An online cross-sectional study was carried out among a total of 601 Bangladeshi students between October 7 and November 2, 2020. The survey included questions relating to socio-demographic, behavioral health, online use behaviors, and psychopathological variables. Results: A quarter of the participants (26%) reported having low levels of internet addiction, whereas 58.6% were classed as having moderate internet addiction and 13% severe internet addiction. A total of 4% of the sample were classed as being at risk of severe internet dependency (ie, scoring over ≥ 80 on IAT). Risk factors for internet addiction included smartphone addiction, Facebook addiction, depression, and anxiety. However, the final hierarchical regression model comprising all variables explained a total of 70.6% variance of problematic internet use. Conclusion: Based on the present findings, it is concluded that individuals are at elevated risk of problematic internet use like other psychological impacts that have been reported during the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, risk-reducing measures and healthy control use strategies should be implemented for vulnerable individuals.
Israt Jahan; Ismail Hosen; Firoj al Mamun; Mark Mohan Kaggwa; Mark D Griffiths; Mohammed A Mamun. How Has the COVID-19 Pandemic Impacted Internet Use Behaviors and Facilitated Problematic Internet Use? A Bangladeshi Study. Psychology Research and Behavior Management 2021, ume 14, 1127 -1138.
AMA StyleIsrat Jahan, Ismail Hosen, Firoj al Mamun, Mark Mohan Kaggwa, Mark D Griffiths, Mohammed A Mamun. How Has the COVID-19 Pandemic Impacted Internet Use Behaviors and Facilitated Problematic Internet Use? A Bangladeshi Study. Psychology Research and Behavior Management. 2021; ume 14 ():1127-1138.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIsrat Jahan; Ismail Hosen; Firoj al Mamun; Mark Mohan Kaggwa; Mark D Griffiths; Mohammed A Mamun. 2021. "How Has the COVID-19 Pandemic Impacted Internet Use Behaviors and Facilitated Problematic Internet Use? A Bangladeshi Study." Psychology Research and Behavior Management ume 14, no. : 1127-1138.
Objective: The Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) is one of the most robust models in explaining health-related behavior. In this study, we tested the extended TPB to predict university students’ intentions to uptake COVID-19 vaccination. Methods: An online cross-sectional survey was developed to investigate students’ intention to uptake the COVID-19 vaccine based on the components of the TPB (i.e., attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control) and extended components (i.e., knowledge about COVID-19, risk perception of COVID-19, and past influenza vaccination behavior). Non-probability sampling was used to collect data from 3145 students from 43 universities in mainland China in January 2021. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was applied to examine the proposed model. Enrolled students were relatively young (mean age = 20.80 years; SD = 2.09), half of them are female (50.2%), and most of them were studying in undergraduate programs (n = 3026; 96.2%). Results: The results showed that students’ knowledge of the COVID-19 vaccine and risk perception of COVID-19 positively influenced their attitude toward the uptake of a COVID-19 vaccine. Also, students’ attitude toward COVID-19 vaccination uptake and their past influenza vaccination uptake behaviors were positively associated with the intention to uptake COVID-19 vaccination. Subjective norm and perceived behavioral control were not significant predictors for the intention to uptake COVID-19 vaccination (R2 = 0.49). Conclusions: The present study demonstrated that the extended TPB appears to be an efficient model with the focus on attitude, knowledge, risk perception, and past influenza vaccination uptake behaviors in explaining students’ intention for COVID-19 vaccination.
Chia-Wei Fan; I-Hua Chen; Nai-Ying Ko; Cheng-Fang Yen; Chung-Ying Lin; Mark D. Griffiths; Amir H. Pakpour. Extended theory of planned behavior in explaining the intention to COVID-19 vaccination uptake among mainland Chinese university students: an online survey study. Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics 2021, 1 -8.
AMA StyleChia-Wei Fan, I-Hua Chen, Nai-Ying Ko, Cheng-Fang Yen, Chung-Ying Lin, Mark D. Griffiths, Amir H. Pakpour. Extended theory of planned behavior in explaining the intention to COVID-19 vaccination uptake among mainland Chinese university students: an online survey study. Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics. 2021; ():1-8.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChia-Wei Fan; I-Hua Chen; Nai-Ying Ko; Cheng-Fang Yen; Chung-Ying Lin; Mark D. Griffiths; Amir H. Pakpour. 2021. "Extended theory of planned behavior in explaining the intention to COVID-19 vaccination uptake among mainland Chinese university students: an online survey study." Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics , no. : 1-8.
The aim of the present study was to examine the psychometric properties of the Turkish version of the Bergen Work Addiction Scale (BWAS-T). The study sample comprised 448 participants (279 females and 169 males) who completed a survey including the BWAS-T, Workaholism Battery (WorkBAT), Dutch Work Addiction Scale (DUWAS), and Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS). The Turkish version of BWAS had good internal consistency (Cronbach’s α = .76). As expected, score on the BWAS-T was positively correlated with scores on the Drive subscale of the WorkBAT and Working Excessively and Working Compulsively subscales of the DUWAS. No relationship was found between the BWAS-T and Work Enjoyment subscale of the WorkBAT. Regarding concurrent validity, scores on the BWAS-T were strongly correlated with those on the DASS and its subscales. The factor structure of the BWAS-T was also tested using confirmatory factor analysis which found support for the original unidimensional factor structure. Results demonstrated that the reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the BWAS were robust. Limitations and recommendations for further studies are discussed.
Merve Denizci Nazlıgül; Kuntay Arcan; Mark D. Griffiths. Psychometric Properties of the Turkish Version of the Bergen Work Addiction Scale. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction 2021, 1 -13.
AMA StyleMerve Denizci Nazlıgül, Kuntay Arcan, Mark D. Griffiths. Psychometric Properties of the Turkish Version of the Bergen Work Addiction Scale. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction. 2021; ():1-13.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMerve Denizci Nazlıgül; Kuntay Arcan; Mark D. Griffiths. 2021. "Psychometric Properties of the Turkish Version of the Bergen Work Addiction Scale." International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction , no. : 1-13.
The QQ social media platform is very popular among Chinese adolescents. As with other social media platforms (e.g., Facebook, Instagram, YouTube, etc.), there have been increasing reports that the use of QQ can be potentially problematic to a minority of users. However, unlike these other social media platforms, there is currently no scale to assess the risk of problematic QQ use. The present study developed the Problematic QQ Use Scale (PQQUS) among Chinese adolescents based on six core criteria of behavioral addiction (salience, tolerance, mood modification, loss of control, withdrawal, and conflict) that have been used in the development of other social media addiction scales. The scale was administered to a sample of 1008 Chinese school children to assess its psychometric properties, utilizing both classical test theory and item response theory. The analysis demonstrated that the PQQUS had good item discrimination indices relating to both CTT and IRT. The CFA results and Loevinger’s H-coefficient suggested the PQQUS had a unidimensional factor structure. The PQQUS had good internal reliability, good composite reliability, and good concurrent validity (based on correlations with measures of anxiety, depression, self-esteem, and life satisfaction). The invariance testing between boys and girls suggested this scale is a valid assessment tool for both groups. Overall, the PQQUS is a psychometrically robust tool for assessing problematic QQ use and will have a key role in further research on problematic QQ use among Chinese adolescents.
Jintao Liu; Zahir Ahmed; Oli Ahmed; Mark Griffiths; Lili Chen. Development and Psychometric Assessment of the Problematic QQ Use Scale among Adolescents. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2021, 18, 6744 .
AMA StyleJintao Liu, Zahir Ahmed, Oli Ahmed, Mark Griffiths, Lili Chen. Development and Psychometric Assessment of the Problematic QQ Use Scale among Adolescents. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18 (13):6744.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJintao Liu; Zahir Ahmed; Oli Ahmed; Mark Griffiths; Lili Chen. 2021. "Development and Psychometric Assessment of the Problematic QQ Use Scale among Adolescents." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 13: 6744.
One of the most efficient methods to control the high infection rate of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is to have a high coverage of COVID-19 vaccination worldwide. Therefore, it is important to understand individuals’ intention to get COVID-19 vaccinated. The present study applied the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) to explain the intention to get COVID-19 vaccinated among a representative sample in Qazvin, Iran. The TPB uses psychological constructs of attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control to explain an individual’s intention to perform a behavior. Fear and perceived infectability were additionally incorporated into the TPB to explain the intention to get COVID-19 vaccinated. Utilizing multistage stratified cluster sampling, 10,843 participants (4092 males; 37.7%) with a mean age of 35.54 years (SD = 12.00) completed a survey. The survey assessed TPB constructs (including attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control, and intention related to COVID-19 vaccination) together with fear of COVID-19 and perceived COVID-19 infectability. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was performed to examine whether fear of COVID-19, perceived infectability, and the TPB constructs explained individuals’ intention to get COVID-19 vaccinated. The SEM demonstrated satisfactory fit (comparative fit index = 0.970; Tucker-Lewis index = 0.962; root mean square error of approximation = 0.040; standardized root mean square residual = 0.050). Moreover, perceived behavioral control, subjective norm, attitude, and perceived COVID-19 infectability significantly explained individuals’ intention to get COVID-19 vaccinated. Perceived COVID-19 infectability and TPB constructs were all significant mediators in the relationship between fear of COVID-19 and intention to get COVID-19 vaccinated. Incorporating fear of COVID-19 and perceived COVID-19 infectability effectively into the TPB explained Iranians’ intention to get COVID-19 vaccinated. Therefore, Iranians who have a strong belief in Muslim religion may improve their intention to get COVID-19 vaccinated via these constructs.
Rafat Yahaghi; Safie Ahmadizade; Razie Fotuhi; Elham Taherkhani; Mehdi Ranjbaran; Zeinab Buchali; Robabe Jafari; Narges Zamani; Azam Shahbazkhania; Hengame Simiari; Jalal Rahmani; Nahid Yazdi; Hashem Alijani; Leila Poorzolfaghar; Fatemeh Rajabi; Chung-Ying Lin; Anders Broström; Mark Griffiths; Amir Pakpour. Fear of COVID-19 and Perceived COVID-19 Infectability Supplement Theory of Planned Behavior to Explain Iranians’ Intention to Get COVID-19 Vaccinated. Vaccines 2021, 9, 684 .
AMA StyleRafat Yahaghi, Safie Ahmadizade, Razie Fotuhi, Elham Taherkhani, Mehdi Ranjbaran, Zeinab Buchali, Robabe Jafari, Narges Zamani, Azam Shahbazkhania, Hengame Simiari, Jalal Rahmani, Nahid Yazdi, Hashem Alijani, Leila Poorzolfaghar, Fatemeh Rajabi, Chung-Ying Lin, Anders Broström, Mark Griffiths, Amir Pakpour. Fear of COVID-19 and Perceived COVID-19 Infectability Supplement Theory of Planned Behavior to Explain Iranians’ Intention to Get COVID-19 Vaccinated. Vaccines. 2021; 9 (7):684.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRafat Yahaghi; Safie Ahmadizade; Razie Fotuhi; Elham Taherkhani; Mehdi Ranjbaran; Zeinab Buchali; Robabe Jafari; Narges Zamani; Azam Shahbazkhania; Hengame Simiari; Jalal Rahmani; Nahid Yazdi; Hashem Alijani; Leila Poorzolfaghar; Fatemeh Rajabi; Chung-Ying Lin; Anders Broström; Mark Griffiths; Amir Pakpour. 2021. "Fear of COVID-19 and Perceived COVID-19 Infectability Supplement Theory of Planned Behavior to Explain Iranians’ Intention to Get COVID-19 Vaccinated." Vaccines 9, no. 7: 684.
The present study sought to provide empirical evidence for the sequential mediating role of social comparison orientation and fear of missing out (FoMO) in the relationship between self-concept clarity (SCC) and problematic smartphone use (PSU) within the framework of the Interaction of Person-Affect-Cognition-Execution (I-PACE) model. A sample of 474 Italian participants (Mage = 29.48; 52.7% females) completed a battery of self-report instruments including the Self-Concept Clarity Scale, the Iowa–Netherlands Comparison Orientation, the Fear of Missing Out Scale, and the Smartphone Addiction Scale. Descriptive statistics, bivariate correlations, and structural equation modelling analyses were conducted. Results confirmed the hypothesized relationships and indicated that SCC was negatively associated with PSU use and that this association was partially and sequentially mediated by social comparison orientation and FoMO. Both mediators could therefore be considered as proximal factors of PSU. Implications and further research suggestions are provided.
Rocco Servidio; Maria Sinatra; Mark D. Griffiths; Lucia Monacis. Social comparison orientation and fear of missing out as mediators between self-concept clarity and problematic smartphone use. Addictive Behaviors 2021, 122, 107014 .
AMA StyleRocco Servidio, Maria Sinatra, Mark D. Griffiths, Lucia Monacis. Social comparison orientation and fear of missing out as mediators between self-concept clarity and problematic smartphone use. Addictive Behaviors. 2021; 122 ():107014.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRocco Servidio; Maria Sinatra; Mark D. Griffiths; Lucia Monacis. 2021. "Social comparison orientation and fear of missing out as mediators between self-concept clarity and problematic smartphone use." Addictive Behaviors 122, no. : 107014.
Background Studies have highlighted that fear and anxiety generated by COVID-19 are important psychological factors that affect all populations. There currently remains a lack of research on specific amplification factors regarding fear and anxiety in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite established associations between anxiety sensitivity, intolerance of uncertainty, and cyberchondria, empirical data investigating the associations between these three variables, particularly in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, are currently lacking. Urgent research is needed to better understand the role of repeated media consumption concerning COVID-19 in amplifying fear and anxiety related to COVID-19. Objective This study investigated the associations between fear of COVID-19, COVID-19 anxiety, and cyberchondria. Methods Convenience sampling was used to recruit respondents to participate in an online survey. The survey, which was distributed via social media and academic forums, comprised the Cyberchondria Severity Scale, Fear of COVID-19 Scale, Coronavirus Anxiety Scale, Anxiety Sensitivity Index, and Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale. Multiple mediation analyses were conducted using structural equation modeling. Results A total of 694 respondents (males: n=343, females: n=351) completed the online survey. The results showed that fear and anxiety generated by COVID-19 predicted cyberchondria (fear: β=.39, SE 0.04, P<.001, t=11.16, 95% CI 0.31-0.45; anxiety: β=.25, SE 0.03, P<.001, t=7.67, 95% CI 0.19-0.32). In addition, intolerance of uncertainty and anxiety sensitivity mediated the relationship between fear and anxiety generated by COVID-19 with cyberchondria. In a reciprocal model, the standardized total effects of cyberchondria on fear of COVID-19 (β=.45, SE 0.04, P<.001, t=15.31, 95% CI 0.39-0.51) and COVID-19 anxiety (β=.36, SE 0.03, P<.001, t=11.29, 95% CI 0.30-0.41) were statistically significant, with moderate effect sizes. Compared to males, females obtained significantly higher scores for cyberchondria (t1,692=–2.85, P=.004, Cohen d=0.22), COVID-19 anxiety (t1,692=–3.32, P<.001, Cohen d=0.26), and anxiety sensitivity (t1,692=–3.69, P<.001, Cohen d=0.29). Conclusions The findings provide a better understanding of the role of COVID-19 in amplifying cyberchondria. Based on these results, cyberchondria must be viewed as a significant public health issue. Importantly, increasing awareness about cyberchondria and online behavior at both the individual and collective levels must be prioritized to enhance preparedness and to reduce the adverse effects of current and future medical crises.
Xue Wu; Nabi Nazari; Mark D Griffiths. Using Fear and Anxiety Related to COVID-19 to Predict Cyberchondria: Cross-sectional Survey Study. Journal of Medical Internet Research 2021, 23, e26285 .
AMA StyleXue Wu, Nabi Nazari, Mark D Griffiths. Using Fear and Anxiety Related to COVID-19 to Predict Cyberchondria: Cross-sectional Survey Study. Journal of Medical Internet Research. 2021; 23 (6):e26285.
Chicago/Turabian StyleXue Wu; Nabi Nazari; Mark D Griffiths. 2021. "Using Fear and Anxiety Related to COVID-19 to Predict Cyberchondria: Cross-sectional Survey Study." Journal of Medical Internet Research 23, no. 6: e26285.
The novel coronavirus-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has become a major health problem worldwide. The impact of COVID-19 has also been associated with psychological and social problems. The main objective of the present study was to examine the associations between fear of COVID-19 and mental wellbeing, through a serial mediation analysis that included loneliness and smartphone addiction. Utilising convenience sampling from 73 of 81 cities in Turkey via the web-based survey the present study comprised 773 participants (556 females and 217 males; aged between 18 and 66 years) were collected. Self-report data were collected including psychometric measures assessing fear of COVID-19, loneliness, smartphone addiction, and mental wellbeing. Fear of COVID-19 was found to have both a direct and indirect effect on mental wellbeing. In addition, results supported a serial mediation model where fear of COVID-19 was found to influence mental wellbeing via loneliness and smartphone addiction in a sequential manner. The findings suggest that higher fear of COVID-19 is associated with lower mental wellbeing by negatively affecting individuals’ emotion and behaviour.
A. Rifat Kayis; Begum Satici; M. Engin Deniz; Seydi Ahmet Satici; Mark D. Griffiths. Fear of COVID-19, loneliness, smartphone addiction, and mental wellbeing among the Turkish general population: a serial mediation model. Behaviour & Information Technology 2021, 1 -13.
AMA StyleA. Rifat Kayis, Begum Satici, M. Engin Deniz, Seydi Ahmet Satici, Mark D. Griffiths. Fear of COVID-19, loneliness, smartphone addiction, and mental wellbeing among the Turkish general population: a serial mediation model. Behaviour & Information Technology. 2021; ():1-13.
Chicago/Turabian StyleA. Rifat Kayis; Begum Satici; M. Engin Deniz; Seydi Ahmet Satici; Mark D. Griffiths. 2021. "Fear of COVID-19, loneliness, smartphone addiction, and mental wellbeing among the Turkish general population: a serial mediation model." Behaviour & Information Technology , no. : 1-13.
Background The world is facing a public health emergency situation caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Psychological wellbeing among individuals worldwide has been negatively affected by the pandemic especially in low- and middle-income countries such as Bangladesh. The present study aimed to assess the estimate of depressive symptoms and investigated its associations with COVID-19 preventive practice measures, daily activities in home quarantine, and suicidal behaviors in a large-scale Bangladeshi online survey. Methods An online-based cross-sectional survey was widely distributed to Bangladeshi citizens. A total of 13,654 participants (61.0% male; mean age = 24.0 years [SD = 6.0]; age range 18–65 years) completed the survey between May and June (2020). The survey included socio-demographics and COVID-19-related questions, along with lifestyle, suicidal, and psychometric measures. Hierarchical regression was performed to determine significant associations between depression and examined variables. Results The estimate of depressive symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic was 43.5%. Based on hierarchical regression analysis, depression was significantly associated with not engaging in COVID-19 preventive measures, daily activities in home quarantine (e.g., playing videogames), and suicidal behaviors. Conclusions Depressive symptoms appeared to be high during the COVID-19 pandemic in Bangladesh. To fight against the pandemic, mental health issues as well as physical health issues need to be taken into consideration.
Saiful Islam; Rafia Tasnim; Safaet Hossain Sujan; Most. Zannatul Ferdous; Tajuddin Sikder; Jakir Hossain Bhuiyan Masud; Sourav Kundu; Promi Tahsin; Abu Syed Md. Mosaddek; Mark D. Griffiths. Depressive symptoms associated with COVID-19 preventive practice measures, daily activities in home quarantine and suicidal behaviors: Findings from a large-scale online survey in Bangladesh. BMC Psychiatry 2021, 21, 1 -12.
AMA StyleSaiful Islam, Rafia Tasnim, Safaet Hossain Sujan, Most. Zannatul Ferdous, Tajuddin Sikder, Jakir Hossain Bhuiyan Masud, Sourav Kundu, Promi Tahsin, Abu Syed Md. Mosaddek, Mark D. Griffiths. Depressive symptoms associated with COVID-19 preventive practice measures, daily activities in home quarantine and suicidal behaviors: Findings from a large-scale online survey in Bangladesh. BMC Psychiatry. 2021; 21 (1):1-12.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSaiful Islam; Rafia Tasnim; Safaet Hossain Sujan; Most. Zannatul Ferdous; Tajuddin Sikder; Jakir Hossain Bhuiyan Masud; Sourav Kundu; Promi Tahsin; Abu Syed Md. Mosaddek; Mark D. Griffiths. 2021. "Depressive symptoms associated with COVID-19 preventive practice measures, daily activities in home quarantine and suicidal behaviors: Findings from a large-scale online survey in Bangladesh." BMC Psychiatry 21, no. 1: 1-12.
Background The novel coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) has seriously affected the lives of millions of people across the world. It has also heavily burdened healthcare professionals and the virus poses serious risks for their personal and professional lives. Therefore, the present study examined the associations between fear of COVID-19 and workplace phobia among doctors in Pakistan during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods An online survey was conducted among 421 doctors in Pakistan between April 10 and May 25, 2020. The Workplace Phobia Scale (WPS) and the Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S) were the main psychometric instruments used in this study. Results There was a significant positive relationship between fear of COVID-19 and workplace panic anxiety and workplace avoidance behavior. Significantly higher fear of COVID-19 was found among (i) females compared to males, (ii) doctors with 5 years or less of work experience compared to those with more than 5 years, and (iii) postgraduate trainees compared with other ranks. Two groups (doctors who were above 30 years old and postgraduate trainees) were found to have higher levels of workplace phobia compared to their counterparts. Doctors with severe levels of fear of COVID-19 had significantly higher levels of workplace panic anxiety and workplace avoidance behavior. Conclusions Fear of COVID-19 was significantly associated with workplace phobia which may negatively affect doctors’ performance. Therefore, important steps are needed to protect doctors’ health by providing sufficient resources to allay their fears and anxieties which consequently help them in carrying out their frontline duties in response to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Sadia Malik; Irfan Ullah; Muhammad Irfan; Daniel Kwasi Ahorsu; Chung-Ying Lin; Amir H. Pakpour; Mark D. Griffiths; Ibad Ur Rehman; Rafia Minhas. Fear of COVID-19 and workplace phobia among Pakistani doctors: A survey study. BMC Public Health 2021, 21, 1 -9.
AMA StyleSadia Malik, Irfan Ullah, Muhammad Irfan, Daniel Kwasi Ahorsu, Chung-Ying Lin, Amir H. Pakpour, Mark D. Griffiths, Ibad Ur Rehman, Rafia Minhas. Fear of COVID-19 and workplace phobia among Pakistani doctors: A survey study. BMC Public Health. 2021; 21 (1):1-9.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSadia Malik; Irfan Ullah; Muhammad Irfan; Daniel Kwasi Ahorsu; Chung-Ying Lin; Amir H. Pakpour; Mark D. Griffiths; Ibad Ur Rehman; Rafia Minhas. 2021. "Fear of COVID-19 and workplace phobia among Pakistani doctors: A survey study." BMC Public Health 21, no. 1: 1-9.