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Fusarium fujikuroi is the most prominent pathogen found in rice. In addition to gibberellin, F. fujikuroi produces various secondary metabolites, including the polyketide mycotoxins, fumonisins. Fumonisin production is conferred by the fumonisin biosynthetic gene (FUM) cluster consisting of 15-17 genes. F. fujikuroi is phylogenetically subclassified into one group with fumonisin production (F-group) and another group in which fumonisin production is undetectable (G-group). In a previous study, a G-to-T substitution (FUM21_G2551T) in the FUM cluster transcription factor gene, FUM21, was identified as a cause of fumonisin-non-production in a G-group strain. In the current study, further analysis of G-group strains identified two additional mutations that involved FUM-cluster genes essential for fumonisin production: (1) a 22.4-kbp deletion in the FUM10-FUM19 region; and (2) a 1.4-kbp insertion in FUM6. PCR analysis of 44 G-group strains, indicated that 84% had the FUM21_G2551T mutation, 50% had the 22.4-kbp FUM10-FUM19 deletion, and 32% had the 1.4-kbp insertion in FUM6, and some strains had two or all the mutations. None of the mutations were detected in the 51 F-group strains examined. Each of the three mutations alone could account for the lack of fumonisin production in G-group strains. However, one G-group strain did not have any of the mutations. Therefore, another mutation(s) is likely responsible for the lack of fumonisin production in some G-group strains of F. fujikuroi.
S. Sultana; W.X. Bao; M. Shimizu; K. Kageyama; H. Suga. Frequency of three mutations in the fumonisin biosynthetic gene cluster of Fusarium fujikuroi that are predicted to block fumonisin production. World Mycotoxin Journal 2021, 14, 49 -59.
AMA StyleS. Sultana, W.X. Bao, M. Shimizu, K. Kageyama, H. Suga. Frequency of three mutations in the fumonisin biosynthetic gene cluster of Fusarium fujikuroi that are predicted to block fumonisin production. World Mycotoxin Journal. 2021; 14 (1):49-59.
Chicago/Turabian StyleS. Sultana; W.X. Bao; M. Shimizu; K. Kageyama; H. Suga. 2021. "Frequency of three mutations in the fumonisin biosynthetic gene cluster of Fusarium fujikuroi that are predicted to block fumonisin production." World Mycotoxin Journal 14, no. 1: 49-59.
Scientific communication is facilitated by a data-driven, scientifically sound taxonomy that considers the end-user's needs and established successful practice. Previously (Geiser et al. 2013; Phytopathology 103:400-408. 2013), the Fusarium community voiced near unanimous support for a concept of Fusarium that represented a clade comprising all agriculturally and clinically important Fusarium species, including the F. solani Species Complex (FSSC). Subsequently, this concept was challenged by one research group (Lombard et al. 2015 Studies in Mycology 80: 189-245) who proposed dividing Fusarium into seven genera, including the FSSC as the genus Neocosmospora, with subsequent justification based on claims that the Geiser et al. (2013) concept of Fusarium is polyphyletic (Sandoval-Denis et al. 2018; Persoonia 41:109-129). Here we test this claim, and provide a phylogeny based on exonic nucleotide sequences of 19 orthologous protein-coding genes that strongly support the monophyly of Fusarium including the FSSC. We reassert the practical and scientific argument in support of a Fusarium that includes the FSSC and several other basal lineages, consistent with the longstanding use of this name among plant pathologists, medical mycologists, quarantine officials, regulatory agencies, students and researchers with a stake in its taxonomy. In recognition of this monophyly, 40 species recently described as Neocosmospora were recombined in Fusarium, and nine others were renamed Fusarium. Here the global Fusarium community voices strong support for the inclusion of the FSSC in Fusarium, as it remains the best scientific, nomenclatural and practical taxonomic option available.
David M Geiser; Abdullah Al-Hatmi; Takayuki Aoki; Tsutomu Arie; Virgilio Balmas; Irene Barnes; Gary C Bergstrom; M.K. K. Bhattacharyya; Cheryl L. Blomquist; Robert Bowden; Balázs Brankovics; Daren W. Brown; Lester William Burgess; Kathryn Bushley; Mark Busman; José F. Cano-Lira; Joseph D. Carrillo; Hao-Xun Chang; Chi-Yu Chen; Wanquan Chen; Martin I. Chilvers; Sofia Noemi Chulze; Jeffrey J. Coleman; Christina A. Cuomo; Z. Wilhelm De Beer; G. Sybren De Hoog; Johanna Del Castillo-Múnera; Emerson Del Ponte; Javier Diéguez-Uribeondo; Antonio Di Pietro; Vérnonique Edel-Hermann; Wade H Elmer; Lynn Epstein; Akif Eskalen; Maria Carmela Esposto; Kathryne L. Everts; Sylvia P. Fernández-Pavía; Gilvan Ferreira Da Silva; Nora A Foroud; Gerda Fourie; Rasmus J.N. Frandsen; Stanley Freeman; Michael Freitag; Omer Frenkel; Kevin K Fuller; Tatiana Gagkaeva; Donald Max Gardiner; Anthony E. Glenn; Scott Gold; Tom Gordon; Nancy F. Gregory; Marieka Gryzenhout; Josep Guarro; Beth Gugino; Santiago Gutiérrez; Kim Hammond-Kosack; Linda J. Harris; Mónika Homa; Cheng-Fang Hong; László Hornok; Jenn-Wen Huang; Macit Ilkit; Adriaana Jacobs; Karin Jacobs; Cong Jiang; Maria Del Mar Jimenez-Gasco; Seogchan Kang; Matthew T Kasson; Kemal Kazan; John Carlyle Kennell; Hyeseon Kim; Harold Corby Kistler; Gretchen A. Kuldau; Tomasz Kulik; Oliver Kurzai; Imane Laraba; Matthew H. Laurence; Theresa Yun Lee; Yin-Won Lee; Yong-Hwan Lee; John F. Leslie; Edward C.Y. Liew; Lily W. Lofton; Antonio Logrieco; Manuel Sánchez López-Berges; Alicia Graciela Luque; Erik Lysøe; Li-Jun Ma; Robert E Marra; Frank N. Martin; Sara Ruth May; Susan McCormick; Chyanna T McGee; Jacques F. Meis; Quirico Migheli; Nik Mohd Izham Mohamed Nor; Michel Monod; Antonio Moretti; Diane Mostert; Giuseppina. Mulé; Françoise Munaut; Gary P Munkvold; Paul Nicholson; Marcio Nucci; Kerry O'Donnell; Matias Pasquali; Ludwig H. Pfenning; Anna Prigitano; Robert Proctor; Stéphane Ranque; Stephen Rehner; Martijn Rep; Gerardo Rodríguez-Alvarado; Lindy J Rose; Mitchell George Roth; Carmen Ruiz-Roldán; Amgad A Saleh; Baharuddin Salleh; Hyunkyu Sang; Mercedes Scandiani; Jonathan Scauflaire; David Schmale; Dylan Pg Short; Adnan Šišić; Jason Smith; Christopher W. Smyth; Hokyoung Son; Ellie Spahr; Jason E Stajich; Emma Steenkamp; Christian Steinberg; Rajagopal Subramaniam; Haruhisa Suga; Brett Anthony Summerell; Antonella Susca; Cassandra Lynn Swett; Christopher Toomajian; Terry Jarianna Torres-Cruz; Anna Maria Tortorano; Martin Urban; Lisa J. Vaillancourt; Gary E Vallad; Theo Van Der Lee; Dan Vanderpool; Anne D. Van Diepeningen; Martha Vaughan; Eduard Venter; Marcele Vermeulen; Paul E. Verweij; Altus Viljoen; Cees Waalwijk; Emma C. Wallace; Grit Walther; Jie Wang; Todd Ward; Brian Wickes; Nathan P. Wiederhold; Michael J. Wingfield; Ana K.M. Wood; Jin-Rong Xu; X. B. Yang; Tapani Yli-Matilla; Sung-Hwan Yun; Latiffah Zakaria; Hao Zhang; Ning Zhang; Sean Zhang; Xue Zhang. Phylogenomic analysis of a 55.1 kb 19-gene dataset resolves a monophyletic Fusarium that includes the Fusarium solani Species Complex. Phytopathology® 2020, 1 .
AMA StyleDavid M Geiser, Abdullah Al-Hatmi, Takayuki Aoki, Tsutomu Arie, Virgilio Balmas, Irene Barnes, Gary C Bergstrom, M.K. K. Bhattacharyya, Cheryl L. Blomquist, Robert Bowden, Balázs Brankovics, Daren W. Brown, Lester William Burgess, Kathryn Bushley, Mark Busman, José F. Cano-Lira, Joseph D. Carrillo, Hao-Xun Chang, Chi-Yu Chen, Wanquan Chen, Martin I. Chilvers, Sofia Noemi Chulze, Jeffrey J. Coleman, Christina A. Cuomo, Z. Wilhelm De Beer, G. Sybren De Hoog, Johanna Del Castillo-Múnera, Emerson Del Ponte, Javier Diéguez-Uribeondo, Antonio Di Pietro, Vérnonique Edel-Hermann, Wade H Elmer, Lynn Epstein, Akif Eskalen, Maria Carmela Esposto, Kathryne L. Everts, Sylvia P. Fernández-Pavía, Gilvan Ferreira Da Silva, Nora A Foroud, Gerda Fourie, Rasmus J.N. Frandsen, Stanley Freeman, Michael Freitag, Omer Frenkel, Kevin K Fuller, Tatiana Gagkaeva, Donald Max Gardiner, Anthony E. Glenn, Scott Gold, Tom Gordon, Nancy F. Gregory, Marieka Gryzenhout, Josep Guarro, Beth Gugino, Santiago Gutiérrez, Kim Hammond-Kosack, Linda J. Harris, Mónika Homa, Cheng-Fang Hong, László Hornok, Jenn-Wen Huang, Macit Ilkit, Adriaana Jacobs, Karin Jacobs, Cong Jiang, Maria Del Mar Jimenez-Gasco, Seogchan Kang, Matthew T Kasson, Kemal Kazan, John Carlyle Kennell, Hyeseon Kim, Harold Corby Kistler, Gretchen A. Kuldau, Tomasz Kulik, Oliver Kurzai, Imane Laraba, Matthew H. Laurence, Theresa Yun Lee, Yin-Won Lee, Yong-Hwan Lee, John F. Leslie, Edward C.Y. Liew, Lily W. Lofton, Antonio Logrieco, Manuel Sánchez López-Berges, Alicia Graciela Luque, Erik Lysøe, Li-Jun Ma, Robert E Marra, Frank N. Martin, Sara Ruth May, Susan McCormick, Chyanna T McGee, Jacques F. Meis, Quirico Migheli, Nik Mohd Izham Mohamed Nor, Michel Monod, Antonio Moretti, Diane Mostert, Giuseppina. Mulé, Françoise Munaut, Gary P Munkvold, Paul Nicholson, Marcio Nucci, Kerry O'Donnell, Matias Pasquali, Ludwig H. Pfenning, Anna Prigitano, Robert Proctor, Stéphane Ranque, Stephen Rehner, Martijn Rep, Gerardo Rodríguez-Alvarado, Lindy J Rose, Mitchell George Roth, Carmen Ruiz-Roldán, Amgad A Saleh, Baharuddin Salleh, Hyunkyu Sang, Mercedes Scandiani, Jonathan Scauflaire, David Schmale, Dylan Pg Short, Adnan Šišić, Jason Smith, Christopher W. Smyth, Hokyoung Son, Ellie Spahr, Jason E Stajich, Emma Steenkamp, Christian Steinberg, Rajagopal Subramaniam, Haruhisa Suga, Brett Anthony Summerell, Antonella Susca, Cassandra Lynn Swett, Christopher Toomajian, Terry Jarianna Torres-Cruz, Anna Maria Tortorano, Martin Urban, Lisa J. Vaillancourt, Gary E Vallad, Theo Van Der Lee, Dan Vanderpool, Anne D. Van Diepeningen, Martha Vaughan, Eduard Venter, Marcele Vermeulen, Paul E. Verweij, Altus Viljoen, Cees Waalwijk, Emma C. Wallace, Grit Walther, Jie Wang, Todd Ward, Brian Wickes, Nathan P. Wiederhold, Michael J. Wingfield, Ana K.M. Wood, Jin-Rong Xu, X. B. Yang, Tapani Yli-Matilla, Sung-Hwan Yun, Latiffah Zakaria, Hao Zhang, Ning Zhang, Sean Zhang, Xue Zhang. Phylogenomic analysis of a 55.1 kb 19-gene dataset resolves a monophyletic Fusarium that includes the Fusarium solani Species Complex. Phytopathology®. 2020; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDavid M Geiser; Abdullah Al-Hatmi; Takayuki Aoki; Tsutomu Arie; Virgilio Balmas; Irene Barnes; Gary C Bergstrom; M.K. K. Bhattacharyya; Cheryl L. Blomquist; Robert Bowden; Balázs Brankovics; Daren W. Brown; Lester William Burgess; Kathryn Bushley; Mark Busman; José F. Cano-Lira; Joseph D. Carrillo; Hao-Xun Chang; Chi-Yu Chen; Wanquan Chen; Martin I. Chilvers; Sofia Noemi Chulze; Jeffrey J. Coleman; Christina A. Cuomo; Z. Wilhelm De Beer; G. Sybren De Hoog; Johanna Del Castillo-Múnera; Emerson Del Ponte; Javier Diéguez-Uribeondo; Antonio Di Pietro; Vérnonique Edel-Hermann; Wade H Elmer; Lynn Epstein; Akif Eskalen; Maria Carmela Esposto; Kathryne L. Everts; Sylvia P. Fernández-Pavía; Gilvan Ferreira Da Silva; Nora A Foroud; Gerda Fourie; Rasmus J.N. Frandsen; Stanley Freeman; Michael Freitag; Omer Frenkel; Kevin K Fuller; Tatiana Gagkaeva; Donald Max Gardiner; Anthony E. Glenn; Scott Gold; Tom Gordon; Nancy F. Gregory; Marieka Gryzenhout; Josep Guarro; Beth Gugino; Santiago Gutiérrez; Kim Hammond-Kosack; Linda J. Harris; Mónika Homa; Cheng-Fang Hong; László Hornok; Jenn-Wen Huang; Macit Ilkit; Adriaana Jacobs; Karin Jacobs; Cong Jiang; Maria Del Mar Jimenez-Gasco; Seogchan Kang; Matthew T Kasson; Kemal Kazan; John Carlyle Kennell; Hyeseon Kim; Harold Corby Kistler; Gretchen A. Kuldau; Tomasz Kulik; Oliver Kurzai; Imane Laraba; Matthew H. Laurence; Theresa Yun Lee; Yin-Won Lee; Yong-Hwan Lee; John F. Leslie; Edward C.Y. Liew; Lily W. Lofton; Antonio Logrieco; Manuel Sánchez López-Berges; Alicia Graciela Luque; Erik Lysøe; Li-Jun Ma; Robert E Marra; Frank N. Martin; Sara Ruth May; Susan McCormick; Chyanna T McGee; Jacques F. Meis; Quirico Migheli; Nik Mohd Izham Mohamed Nor; Michel Monod; Antonio Moretti; Diane Mostert; Giuseppina. Mulé; Françoise Munaut; Gary P Munkvold; Paul Nicholson; Marcio Nucci; Kerry O'Donnell; Matias Pasquali; Ludwig H. Pfenning; Anna Prigitano; Robert Proctor; Stéphane Ranque; Stephen Rehner; Martijn Rep; Gerardo Rodríguez-Alvarado; Lindy J Rose; Mitchell George Roth; Carmen Ruiz-Roldán; Amgad A Saleh; Baharuddin Salleh; Hyunkyu Sang; Mercedes Scandiani; Jonathan Scauflaire; David Schmale; Dylan Pg Short; Adnan Šišić; Jason Smith; Christopher W. Smyth; Hokyoung Son; Ellie Spahr; Jason E Stajich; Emma Steenkamp; Christian Steinberg; Rajagopal Subramaniam; Haruhisa Suga; Brett Anthony Summerell; Antonella Susca; Cassandra Lynn Swett; Christopher Toomajian; Terry Jarianna Torres-Cruz; Anna Maria Tortorano; Martin Urban; Lisa J. Vaillancourt; Gary E Vallad; Theo Van Der Lee; Dan Vanderpool; Anne D. Van Diepeningen; Martha Vaughan; Eduard Venter; Marcele Vermeulen; Paul E. Verweij; Altus Viljoen; Cees Waalwijk; Emma C. Wallace; Grit Walther; Jie Wang; Todd Ward; Brian Wickes; Nathan P. Wiederhold; Michael J. Wingfield; Ana K.M. Wood; Jin-Rong Xu; X. B. Yang; Tapani Yli-Matilla; Sung-Hwan Yun; Latiffah Zakaria; Hao Zhang; Ning Zhang; Sean Zhang; Xue Zhang. 2020. "Phylogenomic analysis of a 55.1 kb 19-gene dataset resolves a monophyletic Fusarium that includes the Fusarium solani Species Complex." Phytopathology® , no. : 1.
Fusarium fujikuroi is the pathogen of rice bakanae disease and has been intensively studied for gibberellin (GA) production. F. fujikuroi is phylogenetically subclassified into G- and F-groups, which differ in GA and fumonisin production. A higher amount of GA is produced by the G-group than the F-group. A previous study found that the GA production difference between the G-group strain Gfc0801001 and the F-group strain Gfc0825009 was due to the GA gene cluster. In this study, higher expression of P450–1 and P450–4 in the GA gene cluster were detected in G-group strains than in F-group strains. The nucleotide sequence of the bidirectional promoter region between P450–1 and P450–4 and expression of P450–1 and P450–4 were compared between G- and F-group strains. The promoter sequence was identical among G-group strains while nucleotide substitutions were detected at various locations in F-group strains. Most F-group strains did not share the same substitutions. These results combined with the ancestral position of the F-group in the phylogenetic tree suggest that the population carrying highly expressed sequence generates the G-group rather than the low expression of P450–1 and P450–4 in the F-group due to a specific mutation occured in G-group.
W. X. Bao; S. Inagaki; S. Tatebayashi; S. Sultana; M. Shimizu; K. Kageyama; H. Suga. Expression difference of P450–1 and P450–4 between G- and F-groups of Fusarium fujikuroi. European Journal of Plant Pathology 2020, 159, 27 -36.
AMA StyleW. X. Bao, S. Inagaki, S. Tatebayashi, S. Sultana, M. Shimizu, K. Kageyama, H. Suga. Expression difference of P450–1 and P450–4 between G- and F-groups of Fusarium fujikuroi. European Journal of Plant Pathology. 2020; 159 (1):27-36.
Chicago/Turabian StyleW. X. Bao; S. Inagaki; S. Tatebayashi; S. Sultana; M. Shimizu; K. Kageyama; H. Suga. 2020. "Expression difference of P450–1 and P450–4 between G- and F-groups of Fusarium fujikuroi." European Journal of Plant Pathology 159, no. 1: 27-36.
Phytophthora is an oomycete genus with worldwide distribution, and many of its species cause destructive diseases. In Japan, Phytophthora species are listed as quarantine organisms with the exception of Phytophthora nicotianae. For effective quarantine control, we designed a Phytophthora genus-specific loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) primer set and a P. nicotianae species-specific quenching probe (QProbe) to establish a simultaneous LAMP-based detection method. We confirmed the specificity of the genus-specific primers, and all 161 taxa were detected. No other species in the closely related genera Pythium and Phytopythium gave positive results with the exception of two species, Phytopythium delawarense and Phytopythium fagopyri. These two species gave inconsistent results. We used annealing curve analysis with the QProbe to demonstrate that P. nicotianae could be distinguished from other species. DNA from inoculated and naturally infected plants was extracted using a time-saving extraction kit and subjected to the simultaneous detection method. We confirmed that all Phytophthora DNAs in the plant samples were detected, and P. nicotianae was specifically identified. This simultaneous detection method will make quarantine inspections faster and easier.
Ayaka Hieno; Mingzhu Li; Auliana Afandi; Kayoko Otsubo; Haruhisa Suga; Koji Kageyama. Detection of the Genus Phytophthora and the Species Phytophthora nicotianae by LAMP with a QProbe. Plant Disease 2020, 1 -12.
AMA StyleAyaka Hieno, Mingzhu Li, Auliana Afandi, Kayoko Otsubo, Haruhisa Suga, Koji Kageyama. Detection of the Genus Phytophthora and the Species Phytophthora nicotianae by LAMP with a QProbe. Plant Disease. 2020; ():1-12.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAyaka Hieno; Mingzhu Li; Auliana Afandi; Kayoko Otsubo; Haruhisa Suga; Koji Kageyama. 2020. "Detection of the Genus Phytophthora and the Species Phytophthora nicotianae by LAMP with a QProbe." Plant Disease , no. : 1-12.
Fusarium fujikuroi, the causative agent of bakanae disease in rice, produces many kinds of secondary metabolites. Recently, two phylogenetic subgroups (G‐ and F‐ groups) of Japanese F. fujikuroi have been identified and found to have differences in their gibberellin (GA) and fumonisin production. G‐group F. fujikuroi produces large amounts of GA, but is a fumonisin non‐producer. Interestingly, F‐group F. fujikuroi produces large amounts of fumonisin, but is a GA low or non‐producer. We investigated the cause of low GA production in the F‐group. Genetic mapping suggests that low GA production in the F‐group strain Gfc0825009 is due to a GA gene cluster for GA biosynthesis. Analysis of the nucleotide and amino acid sequences of the genes in the GA gene cluster showed >98.4% homology between the F‐group strain Gfc0825009 and the G‐group strain Gfc0801001. Following a 7‐day culture under low nitrogen conditions, we found that expression of P450‐1, P450‐4, and P450‐2 in the cluster increased in the G‐group strain and not in the F‐group strain. We hypothesized that complementation by GA genes in the G‐group strain would be required to increase GA production in the F‐group strain. However, we found that this occurred with a single gene complementation of DES, P450‐1, P450‐4, or P450‐2. Simultaneous increase in the expression of P450‐1, P450‐4, and P450‐2 were detected in the complementary transformants. Moreover the same phenomenon was observed by reintegration of its own P450‐1. Our results suggest the presence of unknown regulatory mechanisms of the GA gene cluster in F. fujikuroi.
Wanxue Bao; Takuya Nagasaka; Shin Inagaki; Sho Tatebayashi; Iori Imazaki; Shin-Ichi Fuji; Takashi Tsuge; Masafumi Shimizu; Koji Kageyama; Haruhisa Suga. A single gene transfer of gibberellin biosynthesis gene cluster increases gibberellin production in a Fusarium fujikuroi strain with gibberellin low producibility. Plant Pathology 2020, 69, 901 -910.
AMA StyleWanxue Bao, Takuya Nagasaka, Shin Inagaki, Sho Tatebayashi, Iori Imazaki, Shin-Ichi Fuji, Takashi Tsuge, Masafumi Shimizu, Koji Kageyama, Haruhisa Suga. A single gene transfer of gibberellin biosynthesis gene cluster increases gibberellin production in a Fusarium fujikuroi strain with gibberellin low producibility. Plant Pathology. 2020; 69 (5):901-910.
Chicago/Turabian StyleWanxue Bao; Takuya Nagasaka; Shin Inagaki; Sho Tatebayashi; Iori Imazaki; Shin-Ichi Fuji; Takashi Tsuge; Masafumi Shimizu; Koji Kageyama; Haruhisa Suga. 2020. "A single gene transfer of gibberellin biosynthesis gene cluster increases gibberellin production in a Fusarium fujikuroi strain with gibberellin low producibility." Plant Pathology 69, no. 5: 901-910.
Fusarium fujikuroi, a member of the Fusarium fujikuroi species complex, stands out as a rice bakanae disease pathogen with a high production of gibberellic acid. Not all, but some F. fujikuroi strains are known to produce a carcinogenic mycotoxin fumonisin. Fumonisin biosynthesis is dependent on the FUM cluster composed of 16 FUM genes. The FUM cluster was detected not only from a fumonisin producing strain, but also from a fumonisin nonproducing strain that does not produce a detectable level of fumonisin. Genetic mapping indicated the causative mutation(s) of fumonisin nonproduction is present in the FUM cluster of the fumonisin nonproducing strain. Comparative analyses of FUM genes between the fumonisin producing and the nonproducing strains and gene complementation indicated that causative mutation of fumonisin nonproduction is not a single occurrence and the mutations are distributed in FUM21 and FUM7. Our research revealed a natural variation in the FUM cluster involving fumonisin production difference in F. fujikuroi.
Sharmin Sultana; Miha Kitajima; Hironori Kobayashi; Hiroyuki Nakagawa; Masafumi Shimizu; Koji Kageyama; Haruhisa Suga. A Natural Variation of Fumonisin Gene Cluster Associated with Fumonisin Production Difference in Fusarium fujikuroi. Toxins 2019, 11, 200 .
AMA StyleSharmin Sultana, Miha Kitajima, Hironori Kobayashi, Hiroyuki Nakagawa, Masafumi Shimizu, Koji Kageyama, Haruhisa Suga. A Natural Variation of Fumonisin Gene Cluster Associated with Fumonisin Production Difference in Fusarium fujikuroi. Toxins. 2019; 11 (4):200.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSharmin Sultana; Miha Kitajima; Hironori Kobayashi; Hiroyuki Nakagawa; Masafumi Shimizu; Koji Kageyama; Haruhisa Suga. 2019. "A Natural Variation of Fumonisin Gene Cluster Associated with Fumonisin Production Difference in Fusarium fujikuroi." Toxins 11, no. 4: 200.
We previously identified Mitsuaria sp. TWR114 and nonpathogenic Ralstonia sp. TCR112 as potential biocontrol agents to suppress tomato bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum. Because commercial biocontrol products require a practical cost-effective application method that maximizes their performance, we investigated whether the combined application of TWR114 and TCR112 enhances the biocontrol of bacterial wilt. In pot experiments, all the tested inoculum ratios (i.e., 1:1, 1:2, and 2:1) of the TWR114 + TCR112 treatment significantly suppressed the incidence of bacterial wilt, even at 28 days post-challenge inoculation (dpi) (13–47% wilt incidence), while 60% of plants treated with the individual isolates developed bacterial wilt within 10–12 dpi. The pathogen population in the rhizosphere and aboveground regions decreased considerably after the TWR114 + TCR112 treatment compared with that in the individual treatments. Moreover, the pathogen population in the aboveground parts of TWR114 + TCR112-treated plants had decreased to an undetectable level by 28 dpi. After inoculation with the pathogen, the expression of several tomato defense-related genes was higher in the TWR114 + TCR112-treated plants than in those treated with the individual isolates. Altogether, the results indicate that TWR114 and TCR112 applied together have a synergistic suppressive effect and that stronger defense priming might contribute to the improved biocontrol. The combination of both isolates may be a very promising approach for controlling tomato bacterial wilt in the future.
Malek Marian; Akio Morita; Hiroyuki Koyama; Haruhisa Suga; Masafumi Shimizu. Enhanced biocontrol of tomato bacterial wilt using the combined application of Mitsuaria sp. TWR114 and nonpathogenic Ralstonia sp. TCR112. Journal of General Plant Pathology 2019, 85, 142 -154.
AMA StyleMalek Marian, Akio Morita, Hiroyuki Koyama, Haruhisa Suga, Masafumi Shimizu. Enhanced biocontrol of tomato bacterial wilt using the combined application of Mitsuaria sp. TWR114 and nonpathogenic Ralstonia sp. TCR112. Journal of General Plant Pathology. 2019; 85 (2):142-154.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMalek Marian; Akio Morita; Hiroyuki Koyama; Haruhisa Suga; Masafumi Shimizu. 2019. "Enhanced biocontrol of tomato bacterial wilt using the combined application of Mitsuaria sp. TWR114 and nonpathogenic Ralstonia sp. TCR112." Journal of General Plant Pathology 85, no. 2: 142-154.
Fusarium fujikuroi is a pathogenic fungus that causes rice bakanae disease. Historically, this pathogen has been known as Fusarium moniliforme , along with many other species based on a broad species concept. Gibberellin, which is currently known as a plant hormone, is a virulence factor of F. fujikuroi . Fumonisin is a carcinogenic mycotoxin posing a serious threat to food and feed safety. Although it has been confirmed that F. fujikuroi produces gibberellin and fumonisin, production varies among strains, and individual production has been obscured by the traditional appellation of F. moniliforme , difficulties in species identification, and variation in the assays used to determine the production of these secondary metabolites. In this study, we discovered two phylogenetic subgroups associated with fumonisin and gibberellin production in Japanese F. fujikuroi .
Haruhisa Suga; Mitsuhiro Arai; Emi Fukasawa; Keiichi Motohashi; Hiroyuki Nakagawa; Hideaki Tateishi; Shin-Ichi Fuji; Masafumi Shimizu; Koji Kageyama; Mitsuro Hyakumachi. Genetic Differentiation Associated with Fumonisin and Gibberellin Production in Japanese Fusarium fujikuroi. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 2019, 85, 1 .
AMA StyleHaruhisa Suga, Mitsuhiro Arai, Emi Fukasawa, Keiichi Motohashi, Hiroyuki Nakagawa, Hideaki Tateishi, Shin-Ichi Fuji, Masafumi Shimizu, Koji Kageyama, Mitsuro Hyakumachi. Genetic Differentiation Associated with Fumonisin and Gibberellin Production in Japanese Fusarium fujikuroi. Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 2019; 85 (1):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHaruhisa Suga; Mitsuhiro Arai; Emi Fukasawa; Keiichi Motohashi; Hiroyuki Nakagawa; Hideaki Tateishi; Shin-Ichi Fuji; Masafumi Shimizu; Koji Kageyama; Mitsuro Hyakumachi. 2019. "Genetic Differentiation Associated with Fumonisin and Gibberellin Production in Japanese Fusarium fujikuroi." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 85, no. 1: 1.
Hypovirulence of phytopathogenic fungi are often conferred by mycovirus(es) infections and for this reason many mycoviruses have been characterized, contributing to a better understanding of virus diversity. In this study, three strains of Fusarium head blight fungus (Fusarium boothii) were isolated from Ethiopian wheats as dsRNA-carrying strains: hypovirulent Ep-BL13 (>10, 3 and 2.5 kbp dsRNAs), and virulent Ep-BL14 and Ep-N28 (3 kbp dsRNA each) strains. The 3 kbp-dsRNAs shared 98% nucleotide identity and have single ORFs encoding a replicase when applied to mitochondrial codon usage. Phylogenetic analysis revealed these were strains of a new species termed Fusarium boothii mitovirus 1 in the genus Mitovirus. The largest and smallest dsRNAs in Ep-BL13 appeared to possess single ORFs and the smaller was originated from the larger by removal of its most middle part. The large dsRNA encoded a replicase sharing the highest amino acid identity (35%) with that of Botrytis virus F, the sole member of the family Gammaflexiviridae. Given that the phylogenetic placement, large genome size, simple genomic and unusual 3′-terminal RNA structures were far different from members in the order Tymovirales, the virus termed Fusarium boothii large flexivirus 1 may form a novel genus and family under the order.
Yukiyoshi Mizutani; Adane Abraham; Kazuma Uesaka; Hideki Kondo; Haruhisa Suga; Nobuhiro Suzuki; Sotaro Chiba. Novel Mitoviruses and a Unique Tymo-Like Virus in Hypovirulent and Virulent Strains of the Fusarium Head Blight Fungus, Fusarium boothii. Viruses 2018, 10, 584 .
AMA StyleYukiyoshi Mizutani, Adane Abraham, Kazuma Uesaka, Hideki Kondo, Haruhisa Suga, Nobuhiro Suzuki, Sotaro Chiba. Novel Mitoviruses and a Unique Tymo-Like Virus in Hypovirulent and Virulent Strains of the Fusarium Head Blight Fungus, Fusarium boothii. Viruses. 2018; 10 (11):584.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYukiyoshi Mizutani; Adane Abraham; Kazuma Uesaka; Hideki Kondo; Haruhisa Suga; Nobuhiro Suzuki; Sotaro Chiba. 2018. "Novel Mitoviruses and a Unique Tymo-Like Virus in Hypovirulent and Virulent Strains of the Fusarium Head Blight Fungus, Fusarium boothii." Viruses 10, no. 11: 584.
Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) is a very serious hazard to vegetable production worldwide. This study is focused on evaluation of resistance stimulated by the plant growth-promoting fungus, Phoma sp. GS8-3, or nanosilica against CMV under pot and field conditions. The specific aim was to illustrate the mechanism of resistance stimulated by GS8-3 against CMV using microarray technology. Treatments with GS8-3 as well as nanosilica significantly decreased CMV severity and titer in tobacco and cucumber under pot and field conditions, respectively. Growth characters of tobacco and cucumber were significantly increased due to GS8-3 inoculation followed by nanosilica compared with control and BTH treatments. Microarray results showed highly upregulation of defense-related genes expression specially those related to heat shock proteins. Therefore, GS8-3 as well as nanosilica is suitable to serve as effective inducers against CMV in cucumber plants.
Mohsen Mohamed Elsharkawy; Haruhisa Suga; Masafumi Shimizu. Systemic resistance induced by Phoma sp. GS8-3 and nanosilica against Cucumber mosaic virus. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2018, 27, 19029 -19037.
AMA StyleMohsen Mohamed Elsharkawy, Haruhisa Suga, Masafumi Shimizu. Systemic resistance induced by Phoma sp. GS8-3 and nanosilica against Cucumber mosaic virus. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2018; 27 (16):19029-19037.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMohsen Mohamed Elsharkawy; Haruhisa Suga; Masafumi Shimizu. 2018. "Systemic resistance induced by Phoma sp. GS8-3 and nanosilica against Cucumber mosaic virus." Environmental Science and Pollution Research 27, no. 16: 19029-19037.
Hydroponic culture systems are subject to high risks of diseases caused by zoosporic plant pathogens. Control is generally difficult because of the rapid spread of zoospores in the nutrient solutions. In Japan, tomato and eustoma, which are cultivated using the D-tray and nutrient film techniques, respectively, are susceptible to diseases caused by Pythium aphanidermatum and P. irregulare. We used loop-mediated isothermal amplification to identify potential contamination sources of these two pathogens by monitoring their presence in the water supply wells, seedling terraces, nutrient solutions, diseased plants, and ground soils of a tomato greenhouse complex and a eustoma greenhouse complex. The results indicated that the pathogens may enter the culture systems from the soils around the greenhouses. Entry most likely occurs when seedlings are moved from the seedling terraces to the greenhouses, and sterilization of the hydroponic systems may not be sufficient. Therefore, monitoring pathogens in the culture systems and ground soils is very important for the management and prevention of these diseases.
Wenzhuo Feng; Akira Nukaya; Mamoru Satou; Naoko Fukuta; Yasushi Ishiguro; Haruhisa Suga; Koji Kageyama. Use of LAMP Detection to Identify Potential Contamination Sources of Plant-Pathogenic Pythium Species in Hydroponic Culture Systems of Tomato and Eustoma. Plant Disease 2018, 102, 1357 -1364.
AMA StyleWenzhuo Feng, Akira Nukaya, Mamoru Satou, Naoko Fukuta, Yasushi Ishiguro, Haruhisa Suga, Koji Kageyama. Use of LAMP Detection to Identify Potential Contamination Sources of Plant-Pathogenic Pythium Species in Hydroponic Culture Systems of Tomato and Eustoma. Plant Disease. 2018; 102 (7):1357-1364.
Chicago/Turabian StyleWenzhuo Feng; Akira Nukaya; Mamoru Satou; Naoko Fukuta; Yasushi Ishiguro; Haruhisa Suga; Koji Kageyama. 2018. "Use of LAMP Detection to Identify Potential Contamination Sources of Plant-Pathogenic Pythium Species in Hydroponic Culture Systems of Tomato and Eustoma." Plant Disease 102, no. 7: 1357-1364.
Members of the Fusarium graminearum species complex (Fg complex or FGSC) are the primary pathogens causing Fusarium head blight in wheat and barley worldwide. A natural pathogenicity mutant (strain 0225022) was found in a sample of the Fg complex collected in Japan. The mutant strain did not induce symptoms in wheat spikes beyond the point of inoculation, and did not form perithecia. No segregation of phenotypic deficiencies occurred in the progenies of a cross between the mutant and a fully pathogenic wild-type strain, which suggested that a single genetic locus controlled both traits. The locus was mapped to chromosome 2 by using sequence-tagged markers; and a deletion of ∼3 kb was detected in the mapped region of the mutant strain. The wild-type strain contains the FGSG_02810 gene, encoding a putative glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor protein, in this region. The contribution of FGSG_02810 to pathogenicity and perithecium formation was confirmed by complementation in the mutant strain using gene transfer, and by gene disruption in the wild-type strain.
Haruhisha Suga; Koji Kageyama; Masafumi Shimizu; Misturo Hyakumachi. A Natural Mutation Involving both Pathogenicity and Perithecium Formation in the Fusarium graminearum Species Complex. G3 Genes|Genomes|Genetics 2016, 6, 3883 -3892.
AMA StyleHaruhisha Suga, Koji Kageyama, Masafumi Shimizu, Misturo Hyakumachi. A Natural Mutation Involving both Pathogenicity and Perithecium Formation in the Fusarium graminearum Species Complex. G3 Genes|Genomes|Genetics. 2016; 6 (12):3883-3892.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHaruhisha Suga; Koji Kageyama; Masafumi Shimizu; Misturo Hyakumachi. 2016. "A Natural Mutation Involving both Pathogenicity and Perithecium Formation in the Fusarium graminearum Species Complex." G3 Genes|Genomes|Genetics 6, no. 12: 3883-3892.
Pyrenochaeta lycopersici is the causal agent of corky root, an important soilborne disease of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) and other solanaceous crops. P. lycopersici isolates are classified into Types 1 and 2 on the basis of several physiological and molecular features. In this study, we aimed to establish a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) method to identify Types 1 and 2 isolates. Using specific LAMP primer sets for Types 1 and 2, both types were easily identified within 35 min. The LAMP method demonstrated equal sensitivity to the polymerase chain reaction in molecular identification of the pathogen in cultured mycelia, infested plant roots, and their surrounding soil. The LAMP technology will contribute to the detection and identification of the pathogen, crop protection, and thorough understanding about the ecology of corky root disease of tomato.
Ayaka Hieno; Hushna Ara Naznin; Haruhisa Suga; Yoshiharu Y. Yamamoto; Mitsuro Hyakumachi. Specific detection of Type 1 and Type 2 isolates ofPyrenochaeta lycopersiciby loop-mediated isothermal amplification reaction. Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B — Soil & Plant Science 2015, 66, 353 -358.
AMA StyleAyaka Hieno, Hushna Ara Naznin, Haruhisa Suga, Yoshiharu Y. Yamamoto, Mitsuro Hyakumachi. Specific detection of Type 1 and Type 2 isolates ofPyrenochaeta lycopersiciby loop-mediated isothermal amplification reaction. Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B — Soil & Plant Science. 2015; 66 (4):353-358.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAyaka Hieno; Hushna Ara Naznin; Haruhisa Suga; Yoshiharu Y. Yamamoto; Mitsuro Hyakumachi. 2015. "Specific detection of Type 1 and Type 2 isolates ofPyrenochaeta lycopersiciby loop-mediated isothermal amplification reaction." Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B — Soil & Plant Science 66, no. 4: 353-358.
Pythium irregulare is an important soil-borne pathogen that causes seed, stem and root rot, and seedling damping-off in various crops. Here, we have developed a rapid and reliable approach for detecting the pathogen using loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) in combination with primers designed from the sequences of the P. irregulare ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer region. The specificity of the primers for P. irregulare was tested using 50 isolates of 40 Pythium species, 11 Phytophthora isolates and 8 isolates of 7 other soil-borne pathogens. The assay showed that the limit of sensitivity of the LAMP method was 100 fg of pure DNA, a similar level to that of a polymerase chain reaction. LAMP detected P. irregulare from the supernatant after mixing culture medium (template DNA source) with distilled water. Similarly, positive results were obtained using a 'Plant-LAMP' method applied to a suspension rotted roots in water. A 'Bait-LAMP' method using the supernatant of autoclaved perilla seeds incubated in a soil/water mixture for 1 week at 25°C successfully detected P. irregulare from the soil. The LAMP assay described in this study is therefore a simple and effective way for practical detection of P. irregulare.
Wenzhuo Feng; Keisuke Hotta; Haruhisa Suga; Koji Kageyama; Yasushi Ishiguro; Hideki Watanabe. Simple detection of Pythium irregulare using loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay. FEMS Microbiology Letters 2015, 362, 1 .
AMA StyleWenzhuo Feng, Keisuke Hotta, Haruhisa Suga, Koji Kageyama, Yasushi Ishiguro, Hideki Watanabe. Simple detection of Pythium irregulare using loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay. FEMS Microbiology Letters. 2015; 362 (21):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleWenzhuo Feng; Keisuke Hotta; Haruhisa Suga; Koji Kageyama; Yasushi Ishiguro; Hideki Watanabe. 2015. "Simple detection of Pythium irregulare using loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay." FEMS Microbiology Letters 362, no. 21: 1.
Mohammad Ziaur Rahman; Seiji Uematsu; Haruhisa Suga; Koji Kageyama. Diversity of Phytophthora species newly reported from Japanese horticultural production. Mycoscience 2015, 56, 443 -459.
AMA StyleMohammad Ziaur Rahman, Seiji Uematsu, Haruhisa Suga, Koji Kageyama. Diversity of Phytophthora species newly reported from Japanese horticultural production. Mycoscience. 2015; 56 (4):443-459.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMohammad Ziaur Rahman; Seiji Uematsu; Haruhisa Suga; Koji Kageyama. 2015. "Diversity of Phytophthora species newly reported from Japanese horticultural production." Mycoscience 56, no. 4: 443-459.
Mohammad Ziaur Rahman; Seiji Uematsu; Etsuo Kimishima; Takeshi Kanto; Mikio Kusunoki; Keiichi Motohashi; Yasushi Ishiguro; Haruhisa Suga; Koji Kageyama. Two plant pathogenic species of Phytophthora associated with stem blight of Easter lily and crown rot of lettuce in Japan. Mycoscience 2015, 56, 419 -433.
AMA StyleMohammad Ziaur Rahman, Seiji Uematsu, Etsuo Kimishima, Takeshi Kanto, Mikio Kusunoki, Keiichi Motohashi, Yasushi Ishiguro, Haruhisa Suga, Koji Kageyama. Two plant pathogenic species of Phytophthora associated with stem blight of Easter lily and crown rot of lettuce in Japan. Mycoscience. 2015; 56 (4):419-433.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMohammad Ziaur Rahman; Seiji Uematsu; Etsuo Kimishima; Takeshi Kanto; Mikio Kusunoki; Keiichi Motohashi; Yasushi Ishiguro; Haruhisa Suga; Koji Kageyama. 2015. "Two plant pathogenic species of Phytophthora associated with stem blight of Easter lily and crown rot of lettuce in Japan." Mycoscience 56, no. 4: 419-433.
In an investigation of Pythium species in natural ecosystems of Rishiri Island in Northern Japan, two new species, Pythium rishiriense and P. alternatum, were identified based on morphological and molecular analyses. Pythium rishiriense differed morphologically from other Pythium species by its characteristic oogonial formation which occasionally arranged in chains. Pythium alternatum differed morphologically from other Pythium species by its distinguishing sexual organs where oogonia occasionally arranged alternately with antheridia in chains. Pythium rishiriense is a fast growing, high-temperature loving species, while P. alternatum is a slow growing species. Phylogenetic analyses based on the internal transcribed spacer region and cytochrome c oxidase 1 gene sequences showed that these two species are clearly separate from morphologically similar species.
Mohammad Ziaur Rahman; Hani Mohamed Awad Abdelzaher; Li Mingzhu; Keiichi Motohashi; Haruhisa Suga; Koji Kageyama. Pythium rishiriense sp. nov. from water and P. alternatum sp. nov. from soil, two new species from Japan. FEMS Microbiology Letters 2015, 362, 1 .
AMA StyleMohammad Ziaur Rahman, Hani Mohamed Awad Abdelzaher, Li Mingzhu, Keiichi Motohashi, Haruhisa Suga, Koji Kageyama. Pythium rishiriense sp. nov. from water and P. alternatum sp. nov. from soil, two new species from Japan. FEMS Microbiology Letters. 2015; 362 (13):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMohammad Ziaur Rahman; Hani Mohamed Awad Abdelzaher; Li Mingzhu; Keiichi Motohashi; Haruhisa Suga; Koji Kageyama. 2015. "Pythium rishiriense sp. nov. from water and P. alternatum sp. nov. from soil, two new species from Japan." FEMS Microbiology Letters 362, no. 13: 1.
Phytopythium iriomotense sp. nov. was isolated from river water of Iriomote Island, Okinawa Prefecture, Japan. The species can grow at 10–35 °C. The optimum temperature was 30 °C, with a radial growth of 24.3 mm per day. The species is morphologically characterized by globose to sub-globose sporangia with apical papillae, internally nested and internally extended proliferating sporangia, lateral hyphal swellings, compound sympodia, globose and smooth oogonia, amphigynous or crook-necked antheridial cells, oogonia with double oospores, aplerotic or plerotic oospores, and a chrysanthemum growth pattern on V8A. Phytopythium aichiense sp. nov. was isolated from water purification sludge in Aichi prefecture, Japan. The species can grow at 3–35 °C. The optimum temperature was 28 °C with a radial growth of 12.3 mm per day. P. aichiense is morphologically characterized by sub-globose, ovoid or limoniform sporangia with apical papillae, internally nested or internally extended proliferating sporangia, filamentous inflated or crook-necked antheridial cells, aplerotic oospores and a stellate growth pattern on V8A. Phylogenetic analyses based on the rDNA ITS region and combined phylogenetic trees based on the nuclear LSU rDNA and beta-tubulin gene, and the mitochondrial coxI and coxII genes, revealed that both species are genetically distinct from each other and from morphologically related species.
Abdul Baten; Li Mingzhu; Keiichi Motohashi; Yasushi Ishiguro; Mohammad Ziaur Rahman; Haruhisa Suga; Koji Kageyama. Two new species, Phytopythium iriomotense sp. nov. and P. aichiense sp. nov., isolated from river water and water purification sludge in Japan. Mycological Progress 2015, 14, 1 .
AMA StyleAbdul Baten, Li Mingzhu, Keiichi Motohashi, Yasushi Ishiguro, Mohammad Ziaur Rahman, Haruhisa Suga, Koji Kageyama. Two new species, Phytopythium iriomotense sp. nov. and P. aichiense sp. nov., isolated from river water and water purification sludge in Japan. Mycological Progress. 2015; 14 (2):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAbdul Baten; Li Mingzhu; Keiichi Motohashi; Yasushi Ishiguro; Mohammad Ziaur Rahman; Haruhisa Suga; Koji Kageyama. 2015. "Two new species, Phytopythium iriomotense sp. nov. and P. aichiense sp. nov., isolated from river water and water purification sludge in Japan." Mycological Progress 14, no. 2: 1.
Hideaki Tateishi; Haruhisa Suga. Species composition, gibberellin production and sensitivity to ipconazole of the Fusarium fujikuroi species complex isolates obtained before and after its launch. Journal of Pesticide Science 2015, 40, 124 -129.
AMA StyleHideaki Tateishi, Haruhisa Suga. Species composition, gibberellin production and sensitivity to ipconazole of the Fusarium fujikuroi species complex isolates obtained before and after its launch. Journal of Pesticide Science. 2015; 40 (3):124-129.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHideaki Tateishi; Haruhisa Suga. 2015. "Species composition, gibberellin production and sensitivity to ipconazole of the Fusarium fujikuroi species complex isolates obtained before and after its launch." Journal of Pesticide Science 40, no. 3: 124-129.
We examined the phylogenetic relationships among Phytopythium species using the rDNA ITS region, the LSU rDNA region, and the mitochondrial coxI and coxII genes. The genus was resolved into three monophyletic clades (1–3). Clade 1 was the largest clade, composed of 12 known species. Clades 2 contained two known and one new species candidate and clade 3 contained two known species. Three isolates in clade 2 (FP1, HonMa, and a strain designated as P. helicoides CBS293.35) formed a monophyletic group with high bootstrap support. This monophyletic group was distinct from P. helicoides sensu stricto. All three isolates came from damped-off buckwheat seedlings. The isolates were morphologically identical with one another and were characterized by globose, sub-globose, or pyriform sporangia with apical papillae; internally or internally nested proliferating sporangia; simple sympodia; coiling antheridial stalks; and wavy, sessile, or clavate antheridial cells. The isolates grew at temperatures between 15 °C and 40 °C, and the optimum temperature was 30 °C, with a radial growth rate of 20 mm/24 h. The phylogenetic and morphological analyses indicated that these isolates belong to a distinct species, which was previously under the genus Pythium, named here Phytopythium fagopyri comb. nov.
Abdul Baten; Takahiro Asano; Keiichi Motohashi; Yasushi Ishiguro; Mohammad Ziaur Rahman; Shigeki Inaba; Haruhisa Suga; Koji Kageyama. Phylogenetic relationships among Phytopythium species, and re-evaluation of Phytopythium fagopyri comb. nov., recovered from damped-off buckwheat seedlings in Japan. Mycological Progress 2014, 13, 1145 -1156.
AMA StyleAbdul Baten, Takahiro Asano, Keiichi Motohashi, Yasushi Ishiguro, Mohammad Ziaur Rahman, Shigeki Inaba, Haruhisa Suga, Koji Kageyama. Phylogenetic relationships among Phytopythium species, and re-evaluation of Phytopythium fagopyri comb. nov., recovered from damped-off buckwheat seedlings in Japan. Mycological Progress. 2014; 13 (4):1145-1156.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAbdul Baten; Takahiro Asano; Keiichi Motohashi; Yasushi Ishiguro; Mohammad Ziaur Rahman; Shigeki Inaba; Haruhisa Suga; Koji Kageyama. 2014. "Phylogenetic relationships among Phytopythium species, and re-evaluation of Phytopythium fagopyri comb. nov., recovered from damped-off buckwheat seedlings in Japan." Mycological Progress 13, no. 4: 1145-1156.