This page has only limited features, please log in for full access.
This study aims to evaluate the medium-term effect of two biannual rotations and four residue rate incorporation on durum wheat production and its nutritional composition and nutrient extraction. The effects of two biannual rotations of canola (Brassica napus L.) durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L.) and bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)-durum wheat and four incorporation rates (0%, 50%, 100%, and 200%) of residues of each preceding crop were evaluated after four seasons on durum wheat production and on its nutritional composition and nutrient extraction, in a volcanic soil in south-central Chile. Results indicated that the highest grain yield and residue production of durum wheat was obtained after bean (7.40 and 7.92 Mg ha−1, respectively). In the grain were obtained lower N and P concentrations after bean, and higher K, Ca, and Mg concentrations in the residue. The extraction of most durum wheat grain and residue nutrients was higher after bean. Nutrient distribution in the durum wheat plant concentrated in the grain was 79.9 to 80.7% N, 91.3 to 92.1% P, 27.1 to 27.4% K, 16.8 to 18.8% Ca, 68.3 to 70.4% Mg, and 56.3 to 57.4% S. In the residue, nutrient distribution was 19.3 to 20.4% N, 7.9 to 8.7% P, 72.6 to 72.9% K, 81.2 to 83.2%, Ca, 29.6 to 31.7% Mg, and 42.6 to 43.7% S. The highest grain and residue production of durum wheat was obtained after bean crop and also the extraction of most nutrients.
Juan Hirzel; Pablo Undurraga; Lorenzo León; Jorge Carrasco; Jorge González; Iván Matus. Medium-Term Crop Rotations with Different Residue Incorporation Rates: Effect on Durum Wheat Production and Plant Nutrient Concentration and Extraction. Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 2021, 1 -8.
AMA StyleJuan Hirzel, Pablo Undurraga, Lorenzo León, Jorge Carrasco, Jorge González, Iván Matus. Medium-Term Crop Rotations with Different Residue Incorporation Rates: Effect on Durum Wheat Production and Plant Nutrient Concentration and Extraction. Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition. 2021; ():1-8.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJuan Hirzel; Pablo Undurraga; Lorenzo León; Jorge Carrasco; Jorge González; Iván Matus. 2021. "Medium-Term Crop Rotations with Different Residue Incorporation Rates: Effect on Durum Wheat Production and Plant Nutrient Concentration and Extraction." Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition , no. : 1-8.
Crop rotations and residue management contributes to the sustainability of the soil and environment and reduction of fertiliser use. However, appropriate crop and residue level combinations have yet to be determined to maximise productivity, while ensuring the preservation of soil resources in different agricultural production systems. The experiment evaluated production and soil chemical properties in bean after three preceding crops (bread wheat, durum wheat, and corn) with four residue incorporation levels (0%, 50%, 100%, and 200%) under irrigation conditions in volcanic soil in south central Chile. A split plot design with four replicates was used. Results indicated that the production of grain and crop residue of bean were higher after corn and durum wheat. The preceding crop also affected some soil chemical properties, especially after the corn crop. The production parameters were not affected by the different residue levels; these had a positive effect on the concentrations of N, K, and Mg and an effect that was directly proportional to the residue level being used. Correlations between soil chemical properties were also established, consistently highlighting the increase in the concentration of the nutrients N, K, Ca, and Mg associated with increases in organic matter content.
Juan Hirzel; Pablo Undurraga; Lorenzo León; Jorge Carrasco; Jorge González; Iván Matus. Bean production and soil chemical properties are affected by the application of different residue levels from three crop rotations. Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science 2021, 1 -12.
AMA StyleJuan Hirzel, Pablo Undurraga, Lorenzo León, Jorge Carrasco, Jorge González, Iván Matus. Bean production and soil chemical properties are affected by the application of different residue levels from three crop rotations. Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science. 2021; ():1-12.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJuan Hirzel; Pablo Undurraga; Lorenzo León; Jorge Carrasco; Jorge González; Iván Matus. 2021. "Bean production and soil chemical properties are affected by the application of different residue levels from three crop rotations." Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science , no. : 1-12.
Conservation agriculture using crop rotations and residue management is increasingly accepted in conventional agricultural systems. However, the effects on crop productivity and soil properties of different rotations, levels of use, and residue management have yet to be fully understood. Our study considered the effect of three previous crops (bread wheat, durum wheat, and corn) and four levels of residue incorporation (0%, 50%, 100%, and 200%) in a split plot design with four replicates on canola production parameters and soil chemical properties at the end of this crop. Production parameters and soil chemical properties were mostly affected by the previous crop and less by the residue incorporation rates under the conditions of this experiment; however, neither of these factors affected grain yield (ranging from 4.0 to 4.8 Mg ha−1). Canola residue production was higher (9.7%) after the corn crop, regardless of the residue incorporation rate, but the harvest index was lower after this crop. Most of the soil chemical properties were also affected, revealing increased organic matter and exchangeable K when the previous crop was corn and decreased concentrations of the cations with basic reaction when the previous crop was durum wheat.
Juan Hirzel; Pablo Undurraga; Lorenzo León; Marcelo Panichini; Jorge Carrasco; Jorge González; Iván Matus. Canola production and effect on soil chemical properties in response to different residue levels from three biannual crop rotations. Plant Production Science 2020, 24, 287 -296.
AMA StyleJuan Hirzel, Pablo Undurraga, Lorenzo León, Marcelo Panichini, Jorge Carrasco, Jorge González, Iván Matus. Canola production and effect on soil chemical properties in response to different residue levels from three biannual crop rotations. Plant Production Science. 2020; 24 (3):287-296.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJuan Hirzel; Pablo Undurraga; Lorenzo León; Marcelo Panichini; Jorge Carrasco; Jorge González; Iván Matus. 2020. "Canola production and effect on soil chemical properties in response to different residue levels from three biannual crop rotations." Plant Production Science 24, no. 3: 287-296.
Residue incorporation in agriculture associated with crop rotation, benefits the environment, soil fertility, and crop production. However, the benefits of conservation agriculture practices in soil fertility and crop yield increases come up after several years. To study durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L.) crop production under conservation agriculture with incorporation of residues a biannual rotation experiment was conducted in a volcanic soil in south-central of Chile.The experiment consisted was comprised of two crops, canola (Brassica napus L.) and bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), and four levels of residue incorporation (0%, 50%, 100%, and 200% of generated residue). Results indicated that grain yield, grain P, and residue K concentrations were higher when the previous crop was bean. Sedimentation values (SDS test), yellowness values (b), grain N concentration, grain and residue Ca concentrations, were higher when the previous crop was canola. The different leves of applied residue for the previous crop only presented effect on sedimentation values and yellowness values. Even though to obtain consistent results about the effect of different residue levels on a crop rotation experiments a larger number of crops cycles is required, the present work showed relevant results in a short time crop rotation.
Juan Hirzel; Pablo Undurraga; Lorenzo León; Marcelo Panichini; Jorge Carrasco; Jorge González; Iván Matus. Durum wheat grain production, grain quality, and plant nutrient concentration in response to different residue levels from two biannual crop rotations. Journal of Plant Nutrition 2020, 44, 619 -628.
AMA StyleJuan Hirzel, Pablo Undurraga, Lorenzo León, Marcelo Panichini, Jorge Carrasco, Jorge González, Iván Matus. Durum wheat grain production, grain quality, and plant nutrient concentration in response to different residue levels from two biannual crop rotations. Journal of Plant Nutrition. 2020; 44 (5):619-628.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJuan Hirzel; Pablo Undurraga; Lorenzo León; Marcelo Panichini; Jorge Carrasco; Jorge González; Iván Matus. 2020. "Durum wheat grain production, grain quality, and plant nutrient concentration in response to different residue levels from two biannual crop rotations." Journal of Plant Nutrition 44, no. 5: 619-628.
Shade cloth is commonly used to reduce incident light in apple (Malus domestica [Suckow] Borkh.) orchards. Nevertheless, this technology can generate changes in plant physiology that affect tissue nutritional composition and cause fruit nutritional disorders. The effect of shade cloth on the nutritional concentration of six macroelements and six microelements on leaves, six macronutrients in the fruits of ‘Fuji’ apples, and bitter pit incidence was assessed in a study conducted in a commercial orchard in south-central Chile for three seasons. Two treatments (control without shade cloth and 30% shade cloth cover) were evaluated with five replicates in a split plot design. Averaged results for the three seasons showed that shade cloth increased Mg, Mn, and Zn concentrations in leaves by 0.02%, 40 mg kg-1, and 5.5 mg kg-1, respectively, and decreased K, Mg, and S concentrations in fruits by 12, 0.35, and 0.38 mg 100 g-1 fresh fruit, respectively. Bitter pit incidence was not affected by shade cloth (values between 0.3% and 6.6%), but seasonal conditions did affect this abiotic disorder. In conclusion, the use of shade cloth in apples did not affect bitter pit incidence, but it caused some changes in leaf and fruit nutritional concentration.
Juan Hirzel; Ernesto Moya-Elizondo; Macarena Hernández; Pedro Guzmán; Dagoberto González. Effect of shade cloth on fruit and leaf nutritional concentration and bitter pit incidence in ‘Fuji’ apples. Chilean journal of agricultural research 2020, 80, 535 -545.
AMA StyleJuan Hirzel, Ernesto Moya-Elizondo, Macarena Hernández, Pedro Guzmán, Dagoberto González. Effect of shade cloth on fruit and leaf nutritional concentration and bitter pit incidence in ‘Fuji’ apples. Chilean journal of agricultural research. 2020; 80 (4):535-545.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJuan Hirzel; Ernesto Moya-Elizondo; Macarena Hernández; Pedro Guzmán; Dagoberto González. 2020. "Effect of shade cloth on fruit and leaf nutritional concentration and bitter pit incidence in ‘Fuji’ apples." Chilean journal of agricultural research 80, no. 4: 535-545.
The rice (Oryza sativa L.) crop is very important worldwide for its contribution to human nutrition. Rice grain yield depends on several agronomic management factors that must also be adjusted to the cropping system such as permanent inundation (anaerobic conditions) or direct seeding (aerobic and anaerobic conditions) mainly in response to the application of nutrients such as N. In Chile, the cropping system with direct seeding has limited agronomic and scientific development. The objective was to determine the effect of increasing N (0, 40, 80, 120, and 160 kg ha-1), P (0, 30, 60, and 120 kg P2O5 ha-1), and K (0, 30, 60, and 120 kg K2O ha-1) rates on grain yield and N agronomic efficiency (NAE) (kg grain produced per kg N applied) in two paddy rice soils for two consecutive seasons. Grain yield had a positive response to increasing N rates in the two evaluated soils (grain yield increased from 6.7 to 8.9 Mg ha-1 in the Vertisol and from 7.4 to 11.0 Mg ha-1 in the Alfisol) and a low response to P rates in the Vertisol. The Alfisol showed no response to increasing P rates, and both soils had no response to K application. The N rates that obtained the highest rice grain yield were 120 and 160 kg ha-1 for Alfisol and Vertisol, respectively. The P rate that obtained the highest rice yield in the Vertisol was 30 kg ha-1 P2O5. In addition, NAE values associated to those N rates were 74 and 61, respectively. In conclusion, direct seeding in rice cropping had a response to high rates of applied N, low response to P, and no response to K.
Juan Hirzel; Mario Paredes; Viviana Becerra; Gabriel Donoso. Response of direct seeded rice to increasing rates of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in two paddy rice soils. Chilean journal of agricultural research 2020, 80, 263 -273.
AMA StyleJuan Hirzel, Mario Paredes, Viviana Becerra, Gabriel Donoso. Response of direct seeded rice to increasing rates of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in two paddy rice soils. Chilean journal of agricultural research. 2020; 80 (2):263-273.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJuan Hirzel; Mario Paredes; Viviana Becerra; Gabriel Donoso. 2020. "Response of direct seeded rice to increasing rates of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in two paddy rice soils." Chilean journal of agricultural research 80, no. 2: 263-273.
Shade cloth or netting for reducing incident light is used commonly in apple (Malus domestica (Suckow) Borkh.) orchards. However, this technology generates physiological and nutritional changes in plants that can require modifications in the management of commercial orchards. To contribute to the knowledge of nutritional changes in apple ‘Fuji’ leaves using shade cloths, a research was conducted in a commercial orchard in south-central Chile during three seasons. Two treatments (control without shade cloth and 30 % shade cloth cover) were evaluated with three replicates in a split-split plot design. Results showed changes in leaf nutritional concentrations in each season and among seasons. The use of shade cloth increased leaf concentrations of N, Mg, S, Mn, and Na. Results also suggest that reference concentrations for N, Mg, S, Mn, and Na nutrients for nutritional status analysis (between 16 and 20 wk after bud break) in the normal harvest period of apple ‘Fuji’ samples in orchards managed with shade cloth should be 2.09 %–2.24 % for N, 0.20 %-0.25 % for Mg, 0.12 %-0.15 % for S, 130−320 mg kg−1 for Mn, and 83−221 mg kg−1 for Na. In conclusion, the nutritional concentration in leaves of apple tree orchard is partially affected by the shade cloth use.
Juan Hirzel; Ernesto Moya-Elizondo; Macarena Hernández; Pedro Guzmán; Dagoberto González. Effect of shade cloth on the evolution of nutrient concentrations in apple tree leaves. Scientia Horticulturae 2020, 266, 109288 .
AMA StyleJuan Hirzel, Ernesto Moya-Elizondo, Macarena Hernández, Pedro Guzmán, Dagoberto González. Effect of shade cloth on the evolution of nutrient concentrations in apple tree leaves. Scientia Horticulturae. 2020; 266 ():109288.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJuan Hirzel; Ernesto Moya-Elizondo; Macarena Hernández; Pedro Guzmán; Dagoberto González. 2020. "Effect of shade cloth on the evolution of nutrient concentrations in apple tree leaves." Scientia Horticulturae 266, no. : 109288.
The incorporation of previous crop residues in agricultural management benefits soil fertility, crop production, and environment. However, there is no enough information about maximum residue application level without negative effect over next crop yield. To evaluate maize (Zea mays L.) yield under short-time conservation management with incorporation and/or importation of different residue levels, a biannual rotation experiment was conducted in ash volcanic soil in south-central Chile. The experiment consisted of two previous crops, canola (Brassica napus L.) and bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), and four levels of residue incorporation (0%, 50%, 100%, and 200% of generated residue; from 0 to 21.4 Mg ha−1 for canola and from 0 to 19.0 Mg ha−1 for bean). Previous crop species and residue level affected some nutrients concentrations in grain and plant and some soil chemical properties, without effect in maize yield, which averaged 16.6 Mg ha−1. Bean residue increased Ca and reduced S in maize plant, increasing soil P, Ca, Mg and K (P < 0.05). Maize grain Ca content was positively and proportionally affected by canola residue level and negatively and proportionally affected by bean residue level. All canola residue levels increased soil pH and Mg, but the highest level reduced soil S; soil P concentration increased proportionally with bean residue level. The highest bean residue level increased soil S. Different crop and levels of residue did not affect maize yield but did some plant nutrient concentration, and also affected some soil chemical properties.
Juan Hirzel; Pablo Undurraga; Lorenzo León; Marcelo Panichini; Jorge Carrasco; Jorge González; Iván Matus. Maize grain production, plant nutrient concentration and soil chemical properties in response to different residue levels from two previous crops. Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B — Soil & Plant Science 2020, 70, 285 -293.
AMA StyleJuan Hirzel, Pablo Undurraga, Lorenzo León, Marcelo Panichini, Jorge Carrasco, Jorge González, Iván Matus. Maize grain production, plant nutrient concentration and soil chemical properties in response to different residue levels from two previous crops. Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B — Soil & Plant Science. 2020; 70 (4):285-293.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJuan Hirzel; Pablo Undurraga; Lorenzo León; Marcelo Panichini; Jorge Carrasco; Jorge González; Iván Matus. 2020. "Maize grain production, plant nutrient concentration and soil chemical properties in response to different residue levels from two previous crops." Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B — Soil & Plant Science 70, no. 4: 285-293.
Conservation agriculture using crop rotation benefits the environment, soil fertility, and crop production. A biannual rotation experiment during a period of 2 years was conducted in volcanic soil in south-central Chile in a production system under conservation agriculture. The experiment considered two previous crops, canola (Brassica napus L.) and bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), and four levels of residue incorporation (0%, 50%, 100%, and 200% of generated residue). Grain yield (0.41 Mg ha−1), grain sedimentation value (5.5%), grain K (0.031%) and Ca (0.006%) concentrations, and residue K concentration (0.159%) were higher when the previous crop was bean. The Ca concentration (0.037%) in wheat residue increased after the canola crop. The different applied residue levels of the previous crop had no effect on any of the evaluated parameters in wheat. There was a very consistent negative correlation between the grain S concentration and the residue P (− 0.55), K (− 0.55), Mg (− 0.61), and S (− 0.63) concentrations in wheat when it was cultivated after bean. A larger number of study cycles are required to obtain more consistent results about the effect of the different residue levels on these two biannual rotations.
Juan Hirzel; Pablo Undurraga; Lorenzo León; Marcelo Panichini; Jorge Carrasco; Jorge González; Iván Matus. Different Residues Affect Wheat Nutritional Composition. Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 2019, 20, 75 -82.
AMA StyleJuan Hirzel, Pablo Undurraga, Lorenzo León, Marcelo Panichini, Jorge Carrasco, Jorge González, Iván Matus. Different Residues Affect Wheat Nutritional Composition. Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition. 2019; 20 (1):75-82.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJuan Hirzel; Pablo Undurraga; Lorenzo León; Marcelo Panichini; Jorge Carrasco; Jorge González; Iván Matus. 2019. "Different Residues Affect Wheat Nutritional Composition." Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 20, no. 1: 75-82.
Cadmium (Cd) is a metalloid present in agricultural soils and harmful for human health. A large part of the Cd entering into the soil can be fixed, while another portion can contribute to increasing availability indices of this element (residual effect). The present study evaluated Cd residual effect and Cd fixation derived from anthropic applications at four locations in Chile during two seasons. Three crop rotations were used, which included white lupine (Lupinus albus L.), narrow-leafed lupine (Lupinus angustifolius L.), and durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. var. durum) as the first crop and durum wheat as the second crop. Results indicated that the anthropic application of Cd to the soil, in the three crop rotations and at the four locations under study, exhibited a low residual effect in the next season and null effect two seasons after its application. Among the three preceding crops of each rotation, the highest effect on Cd residuality in both seasons was achieved using both lupines, especially narrow-leafed lupine. The Cd fixation coefficient in the upper 0.2 m of soil in the three crop rotations and at the four locations was very high, and it was greater than 99.9% in all cases.
Juan Hirzel; Jorge Retamal-Salgado; Ingrid Walter; Iván Matus. Fixation Coefficient and Soil Residual Effect of Cadmium Application on Three Biannual Crop Rotations at Four Locations in Chile. Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 2019, 19, 450 -462.
AMA StyleJuan Hirzel, Jorge Retamal-Salgado, Ingrid Walter, Iván Matus. Fixation Coefficient and Soil Residual Effect of Cadmium Application on Three Biannual Crop Rotations at Four Locations in Chile. Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition. 2019; 19 (2):450-462.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJuan Hirzel; Jorge Retamal-Salgado; Ingrid Walter; Iván Matus. 2019. "Fixation Coefficient and Soil Residual Effect of Cadmium Application on Three Biannual Crop Rotations at Four Locations in Chile." Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 19, no. 2: 450-462.
Organic production systems have generated new technology and management tools, including the use of different nutrient sources. To support to the selection of appropriate organic N fertilisers, based on their N availability over time, a controlled experiment was carried out in three soils with contrasting physical-chemical properties. Seven organic fertilisers, a control without fertiliser and a reference with a conventional fertiliser were used, all providing a total N dose of 100 mg kg−1 soil. Soils were incubated under aerobic conditions for 7, 14, 28, 56 and 112 days, to determine the availability of ammonium, nitrate, and available N. This enabled classification of the fertilisers, according to N availability rates for the total incubation period, as fertilisers with low (compost), medium (Fertil, lupin meal and blood meal), or high (sodium nitrate, Purely Grow and Purely Lysine) N availability rates. According to the speed of N delivery, fertilisers were classified as having a rapid (Purely Grow and sodium nitrate), intermediate (Purely Lysine, blood meal and Fertil), or slow (lupin meal and compost) N delivery speed. The results can be used to support decision making in organic production by enabling the selection of N fertilisers according to their N availability rate and to adjust fertiliser applications to the requirements of the crop.
Juan Hirzel; Denise Donnay; Claudio Fernández; Sebastián Meier; Octavio Lagos; Patricio Mejias-Barrera; Francisco Rodríguez. Controlled experiment to determine nitrogen availability for seven organic fertilisers in three contrasting soils. Biological Agriculture & Horticulture 2019, 35, 197 -213.
AMA StyleJuan Hirzel, Denise Donnay, Claudio Fernández, Sebastián Meier, Octavio Lagos, Patricio Mejias-Barrera, Francisco Rodríguez. Controlled experiment to determine nitrogen availability for seven organic fertilisers in three contrasting soils. Biological Agriculture & Horticulture. 2019; 35 (3):197-213.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJuan Hirzel; Denise Donnay; Claudio Fernández; Sebastián Meier; Octavio Lagos; Patricio Mejias-Barrera; Francisco Rodríguez. 2019. "Controlled experiment to determine nitrogen availability for seven organic fertilisers in three contrasting soils." Biological Agriculture & Horticulture 35, no. 3: 197-213.
The use of phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB) is an ecological strategy that allows for increasing the availability of phosphorus (P) in soil. The objective of this study was to evaluate P availability in wheat, in soils derived from volcanic ash (Andisol and Ultisol,) and inoculated with phosphate-solubilizing Bacillus thuringiensis, the experiment was conducted in pots under greenhouse conditions using a completely randomized design. Wheat plants were inoculated and re-inoculated at 20 and 46 days after sowing (DAS), respectively, with B. thuringiensis; and, soil and plant sampling was performed after 46, 66, and 87 days based on the Zadoks growth scale (Z). The inoculation resulted in an 11% increase in P of the rhizosphere at Z46 (Ultisol), P also increased 34% and 67% in aerial tissues at Z46 (Andisol and Ultisol), respectively, while an increase of 75% was observed in root tissues at Z87 (Ultisol). Similarly, the inoculation resulted in increases in acid phosphatase activity (Andisol), soil microbial biomass (Andisol and Ultisol), and root biomass in plants (Ultisol), without achieving increase of the aerial biomass of the plants. The phosphate solubilizing B. thuringiensis strain showed some positive, but also negative effects in soils and plants, depending on the soil.
Jorge Delfim; Mauricio Schoebitz; Leandro Paulino; Juan Hirzel; Erick Zagal. Phosphorus Availability in Wheat, in Volcanic Soils Inoculated with Phosphate-Solubilizing Bacillus thuringiensis. Sustainability 2018, 10, 144 .
AMA StyleJorge Delfim, Mauricio Schoebitz, Leandro Paulino, Juan Hirzel, Erick Zagal. Phosphorus Availability in Wheat, in Volcanic Soils Inoculated with Phosphate-Solubilizing Bacillus thuringiensis. Sustainability. 2018; 10 (2):144.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJorge Delfim; Mauricio Schoebitz; Leandro Paulino; Juan Hirzel; Erick Zagal. 2018. "Phosphorus Availability in Wheat, in Volcanic Soils Inoculated with Phosphate-Solubilizing Bacillus thuringiensis." Sustainability 10, no. 2: 144.
The use of wood residues to produce energy and steam in the pulp and paper industry generates ash waste and sewage sludge that contain nutrients for plants as a potential fertilizer. The objective of this study was to evaluate the possible toxic effects of pelletized waste from the pulp and paper industry using bioindicators. Two controlled experiments were conducted with radish seeds and perennial ryegrass seeds: an experiment to determine the germination index and root growth in soil extracts incubated with pelletized waste, and a pot experiment with ryegrass seeds sown in an amended Alfisol with pelletized wastes in which aerial and root biomass production was determined. The results indicate that the Alfisol amended with pelletized waste did not exhibit any acute or sub-acute toxic effects in radish germination. None of the evaluated pellets showed evidence of deterioration in root elongation, including at a 40 Mg ha-1 dose. The highest root growth was with pellet 2, with ash and sludge at the 40 Mg ha-1 dose, which was higher than that in the control treatment (p<0.05). Seed germination was between 93.9% and 100%. The highest ryegrass aerial biomass occurred with pellets 1 and 2 (p<0.05). Pelletized waste from the paper industry exhibited neither mild nor acute effects of toxicity in both radish seed germination and aerial and root biomass production of ryegrass sown in degraded soil.
Pablo Undurraga; Instituto De Investigaciones Agropecuarias; Juan Hirzel; José Celis; Carla Pérez; Marco A. Sandoval; Universidad De Concepción. Toxicity of paper mill pelletized waste using germination and biomass production as bioindicators. Ciencia e investigación agraria 2018, 45, 147 -157.
AMA StylePablo Undurraga, Instituto De Investigaciones Agropecuarias, Juan Hirzel, José Celis, Carla Pérez, Marco A. Sandoval, Universidad De Concepción. Toxicity of paper mill pelletized waste using germination and biomass production as bioindicators. Ciencia e investigación agraria. 2018; 45 (2):147-157.
Chicago/Turabian StylePablo Undurraga; Instituto De Investigaciones Agropecuarias; Juan Hirzel; José Celis; Carla Pérez; Marco A. Sandoval; Universidad De Concepción. 2018. "Toxicity of paper mill pelletized waste using germination and biomass production as bioindicators." Ciencia e investigación agraria 45, no. 2: 147-157.
Organic food production has increased the demand for organic supplies in agriculture. Organic fertilizers are known to have an effect on crop and soil properties, but this effect has been little studied. This research evaluated the effect of seven nitrogen fertilizers allowed for use in organic production and one conventional fertilization treatment adjusted to a similar dose of total nitrogen (N), on chemical properties of two soils of contrasting physicochemical properties (sandy loam Mollisol and silty loam Andisol) incubated under aerobic conditions and controlled 6 times over 112 d. Treatments were: Compost (CO), Fertil (F), Purely Grow (PG), Purely Lysine (PL), Blood meal (BM), Lupine meal (LM), Sodium nitrate (SN), conventional fertilization (CF), and a control without fertilization (CT). The experiment was conducted in a split-plot design for each soil. The results showed that the fertilizers affected soil pH, salinity (electrical conductivity, EC), and the concentrations of phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg) and sulfur (S). In general, the highest values of pH, available P, and exchangeable K, Ca and Mg were obtained using CO in both soils, whereas PL reported the lowest values for most parameters evaluated. The evolution of each parameter over time showed interactions with the fertilization treatment, with a steady decrease in pH and an increase in EC in both soils. Differences in the average values of chemical properties during incubation with respect to their initial values were related to the physicochemical and organic characteristics of each soil.
Juan Hirzel; Denise Donnay; Claudio Fernández; Sebastián Meier; Octavio Lagos; Patricio Mejias-Barrera; Francisco Rodríguez. EVOLUTION OF NUTRIENTS AND SOIL CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF SEVEN ORGANIC FERTILIZERS IN TWO CONTRASTING SOILS UNDER CONTROLLED CONDITIONS. Chilean journal of agricultural & animal sciences 2018, 34, 77 -88.
AMA StyleJuan Hirzel, Denise Donnay, Claudio Fernández, Sebastián Meier, Octavio Lagos, Patricio Mejias-Barrera, Francisco Rodríguez. EVOLUTION OF NUTRIENTS AND SOIL CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF SEVEN ORGANIC FERTILIZERS IN TWO CONTRASTING SOILS UNDER CONTROLLED CONDITIONS. Chilean journal of agricultural & animal sciences. 2018; 34 (2):77-88.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJuan Hirzel; Denise Donnay; Claudio Fernández; Sebastián Meier; Octavio Lagos; Patricio Mejias-Barrera; Francisco Rodríguez. 2018. "EVOLUTION OF NUTRIENTS AND SOIL CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF SEVEN ORGANIC FERTILIZERS IN TWO CONTRASTING SOILS UNDER CONTROLLED CONDITIONS." Chilean journal of agricultural & animal sciences 34, no. 2: 77-88.
There is a worldwide increase of heavy metal or potentially toxic element (PTE), contamination in agricultural soils caused mainly by human and industrial action, which leads to food contamination in crops such as in maize. Cadmium (Cd) is a PTE often found in soils and it is ingested through food. It is necessary to determine the bioabsorption, distribution, and accumulation levels in maize to reduce or prevent food chain contamination. Cadmium absorption and accumulation in three maize cultivars were evaluated in three agricultural environments in Chile by increasing CdCl2 rates (0, 1, and 2 mg·kg−1). Evaluation included Cd accumulation and distribution in different plant tissues, bioaccumulation factor (BAF), bioconcentration factor (BCF), translocation factor (TF), and tolerance index (TI). Cadmium whole-plant uptake was only affected by the CdCl2 rate; the highest uptake was obtained with 2 mg·kg−1 CdCl2 (34.4 g·ha−1) (p < 0.05). Cadmium distribution in the maize plant usually exhibited the highest accumulation in the straw (p < 0.05), independently of the environment, Cd rate, and evaluated cultivar. Given the results for TF (TF > 2) and BAF (BAF > 1), the Los Tilos and Chillán environments were classified as having a high capacity to contaminate the food chain for all evaluated cultivars.
Jorge Retamal-Salgado; Juan Hirzel; Ingrid Walter; Iván Matus. Bioabsorption and Bioaccumulation of Cadmium in the Straw and Grain of Maize (Zea mays L.) in Growing Soils Contaminated with Cadmium in Different Environment. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2017, 14, 1399 .
AMA StyleJorge Retamal-Salgado, Juan Hirzel, Ingrid Walter, Iván Matus. Bioabsorption and Bioaccumulation of Cadmium in the Straw and Grain of Maize (Zea mays L.) in Growing Soils Contaminated with Cadmium in Different Environment. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2017; 14 (11):1399.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJorge Retamal-Salgado; Juan Hirzel; Ingrid Walter; Iván Matus. 2017. "Bioabsorption and Bioaccumulation of Cadmium in the Straw and Grain of Maize (Zea mays L.) in Growing Soils Contaminated with Cadmium in Different Environment." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 14, no. 11: 1399.
Jorge Retamal-Salgado; Robert Vásquez; Susana Fischer; Juan Hirzel; Nelson Zapata. Decrease in artificial radiation with netting reduces stress and improves rabbit-eye blueberry ( Vaccinium virgatum Aiton) ‘Ochlockonee’ productivity. Chilean journal of agricultural research 2017, 77, 226 -233.
AMA StyleJorge Retamal-Salgado, Robert Vásquez, Susana Fischer, Juan Hirzel, Nelson Zapata. Decrease in artificial radiation with netting reduces stress and improves rabbit-eye blueberry ( Vaccinium virgatum Aiton) ‘Ochlockonee’ productivity. Chilean journal of agricultural research. 2017; 77 (3):226-233.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJorge Retamal-Salgado; Robert Vásquez; Susana Fischer; Juan Hirzel; Nelson Zapata. 2017. "Decrease in artificial radiation with netting reduces stress and improves rabbit-eye blueberry ( Vaccinium virgatum Aiton) ‘Ochlockonee’ productivity." Chilean journal of agricultural research 77, no. 3: 226-233.
Durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. var durum) is a species that accumulates cadmium (Cd). Durum wheat cultivars differ in their absorption ability of Cd; therefore, identifying and selecting genetic material with low Cd accumulation reduces human exposure to this toxic element. In the present study, Cd concentration was evaluated in three Chilean durum wheat cultivars (Llareta-INIA, Corcolén-INIA, and Lleuque-INIA) grown in four Chilean locations with varying concentrations of Cd in soils. The objective of this study was to evaluate the response of these durum wheat cultivars to different doses of cadmium in terms of grain yield; Cd concentration in different plant tissues (grain, straw, roots); soil Cd concentration was also evaluated. Results show that grain yield was not affected by soil Cd; differences in Cd concentration in plant tissues were generally associated with location, cultivar, and soil Cd concentration. Grain Cd concentration in all three cultivars was classified in the low accumulation category for this metal; ‘Lleuque-INIA’ noted as having a very low accumulation.
Juan Hirzel; Jorge Retamal-Salgado; Ingrid Walter; Iván Matus. Effect of soil cadmium concentration on three Chilean durum wheat cultivars in four environments. Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science 2017, 64, 162 -172.
AMA StyleJuan Hirzel, Jorge Retamal-Salgado, Ingrid Walter, Iván Matus. Effect of soil cadmium concentration on three Chilean durum wheat cultivars in four environments. Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science. 2017; 64 (2):162-172.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJuan Hirzel; Jorge Retamal-Salgado; Ingrid Walter; Iván Matus. 2017. "Effect of soil cadmium concentration on three Chilean durum wheat cultivars in four environments." Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science 64, no. 2: 162-172.
Pablo Undurraga; Juan Hirzel; José Celis; Carla Perez; Marco A. Sandoval. Pelletized paper mill waste promotes nutrient input and N mineralization in a degraded Alfisol. Chilean journal of agricultural research 2017, 77, 390 -399.
AMA StylePablo Undurraga, Juan Hirzel, José Celis, Carla Perez, Marco A. Sandoval. Pelletized paper mill waste promotes nutrient input and N mineralization in a degraded Alfisol. Chilean journal of agricultural research. 2017; 77 (4):390-399.
Chicago/Turabian StylePablo Undurraga; Juan Hirzel; José Celis; Carla Perez; Marco A. Sandoval. 2017. "Pelletized paper mill waste promotes nutrient input and N mineralization in a degraded Alfisol." Chilean journal of agricultural research 77, no. 4: 390-399.
Jorge Retamal-Salgado; Ivan Matus; Ingrid Walter; Juan Hirzel. Absorption and distribution of cadmium of three maize hybrids in three environments. Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 2017, 1 .
AMA StyleJorge Retamal-Salgado, Ivan Matus, Ingrid Walter, Juan Hirzel. Absorption and distribution of cadmium of three maize hybrids in three environments. Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition. 2017; (ahead):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJorge Retamal-Salgado; Ivan Matus; Ingrid Walter; Juan Hirzel. 2017. "Absorption and distribution of cadmium of three maize hybrids in three environments." Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition , no. ahead: 1.
Pablo Muñoz-Vega; Hernán Paillán; Humberto Serri; Denise Donnay; Carlos Sanhueza; Emilio Merino; Juan Hirzel. Effects of organic fertilizers on the vegetative, nutritional, and productive parameters of blueberries Corona, Legacy, and Liberty. Chilean journal of agricultural research 2016, 76, 201 -212.
AMA StylePablo Muñoz-Vega, Hernán Paillán, Humberto Serri, Denise Donnay, Carlos Sanhueza, Emilio Merino, Juan Hirzel. Effects of organic fertilizers on the vegetative, nutritional, and productive parameters of blueberries Corona, Legacy, and Liberty. Chilean journal of agricultural research. 2016; 76 (2):201-212.
Chicago/Turabian StylePablo Muñoz-Vega; Hernán Paillán; Humberto Serri; Denise Donnay; Carlos Sanhueza; Emilio Merino; Juan Hirzel. 2016. "Effects of organic fertilizers on the vegetative, nutritional, and productive parameters of blueberries Corona, Legacy, and Liberty." Chilean journal of agricultural research 76, no. 2: 201-212.