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Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons belong to the main priority substances for the aquatic environment. One of the emission sources of these compounds to environment is wastewater discharged from conventional wastewater treatment systems, which are not designed to cope with this type of pollution. Thus, due to the widely discussed properties of aerobic granular activated sludge in the literature – a conducted study has proven its ability to remove LMW PAHs (naphthalene (Nap), acenaphthylene (Acy), acenaphthene (Ace), fluorene (Flu), phenanthrene (Phe) and anthracene (Ant)) from wastewater by biosorption process at varying loadings of organic compounds expressed as BOD (kg/kg·d) on the activated sludge mass. The maximum biosorption of Nap was 605 µg/kgd.m., Acy equals to 134 µg/kgd.m., Ace equals to 355 µg/kgd.m. Flu equals to 104 µg/kgd.m. Phe equal to 204 µg/kgd.m. and Ant equal to 173 µg/kgd.m. The study showed that the BOD loading rate is one of the factors affecting the biosorption process of LMW PAHs. However, as the amount of adsorbed LMW PAHs increased, the condition of aerobic granular activated sludge deteriorated, which was evidenced by gradual increase in the values of technological parameters of activated sludge (SVI, HRT, SRT) and a smaller increase in activated sludge dry mass.
Piotr Ofman; Iwona Skoczko; Maria Włodarczyk-Makuła. Biosorption of LMW PAHs on activated sludge aerobic granules under varying BOD loading rate conditions. Journal of Hazardous Materials 2021, 418, 126332 .
AMA StylePiotr Ofman, Iwona Skoczko, Maria Włodarczyk-Makuła. Biosorption of LMW PAHs on activated sludge aerobic granules under varying BOD loading rate conditions. Journal of Hazardous Materials. 2021; 418 ():126332.
Chicago/Turabian StylePiotr Ofman; Iwona Skoczko; Maria Włodarczyk-Makuła. 2021. "Biosorption of LMW PAHs on activated sludge aerobic granules under varying BOD loading rate conditions." Journal of Hazardous Materials 418, no. : 126332.
Maria Włodarczyk-Makuła; Agnieszka Popenda; Jolanta Kozak. Impact of Aerobic Stabilization of Sewage Sludge on PAHs Concentration in Reject Waters. Journal of Ecological Engineering 2021, 22, 27 -35.
AMA StyleMaria Włodarczyk-Makuła, Agnieszka Popenda, Jolanta Kozak. Impact of Aerobic Stabilization of Sewage Sludge on PAHs Concentration in Reject Waters. Journal of Ecological Engineering. 2021; 22 (4):27-35.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMaria Włodarczyk-Makuła; Agnieszka Popenda; Jolanta Kozak. 2021. "Impact of Aerobic Stabilization of Sewage Sludge on PAHs Concentration in Reject Waters." Journal of Ecological Engineering 22, no. 4: 27-35.
For groundwater treatment, the technologies involving oxidation on MnOx filter bed are beneficial, common, and effectively used. The presence of MnOx is the mutual feature of filter media, both MnOx-coated mineral materials like quartz sand and gravel, chalcedonite, diatomite, glauconite, zeolite, or anthracite along with consisting of MnOx manganese ores. This review is based on the analysis of research and review papers, commercial data sheets, and standards. The paper aimed to provide new suggestions and useful information for further investigation of MnOx filter media for groundwater treatment. The presented compilations are based on the characteristics of coatings, methods, and conditions of its obtaining and type of filter media. The relationship between the properties of MnOx amendments and the obtained purification effects as well as the commonly used commercial products, their features, and applications have been discussed. The paper concludes by mentioning about improving catalytic/adsorption properties of non-reactive siliceous media opposed to ion-exchange minerals and about possible significance of birnessite type manganese oxide for water treatment. Research needs related to the assessment of the use MnOx filter media to heavy metals removal from groundwater in field operations and to standardize methodology of testing MnOx filter media for water treatment were identified.
Magdalena M. Michel; Lidia Reczek; Dorota Papciak; Maria Włodarczyk-Makuła; Tadeusz Siwiec; Yuliia Trach; Yuliia Trach. Mineral Materials Coated with and Consisting of MnOx—Characteristics and Application of Filter Media for Groundwater Treatment: A Review. Materials 2020, 13, 2232 .
AMA StyleMagdalena M. Michel, Lidia Reczek, Dorota Papciak, Maria Włodarczyk-Makuła, Tadeusz Siwiec, Yuliia Trach, Yuliia Trach. Mineral Materials Coated with and Consisting of MnOx—Characteristics and Application of Filter Media for Groundwater Treatment: A Review. Materials. 2020; 13 (10):2232.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMagdalena M. Michel; Lidia Reczek; Dorota Papciak; Maria Włodarczyk-Makuła; Tadeusz Siwiec; Yuliia Trach; Yuliia Trach. 2020. "Mineral Materials Coated with and Consisting of MnOx—Characteristics and Application of Filter Media for Groundwater Treatment: A Review." Materials 13, no. 10: 2232.
The aim of the research was to determine the effectiveness of removing micro-organic pollutants, including PAHs, using the modified Fenton method. The tested material was pretreated coke wastewater, in which the initial chemical oxygen demand (COD) value and initial polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) concentration were determined. The samples were then subjected to an oxidation procedure. Before the process, the pH was adjusted to 3.5–3.8. Next, the following doses of sodium carbonate—hydrogen peroxide (2/3): 1.2 g/L, 1.5 g/L and 2 g/L, and a constant dose of iron sulphate were added. The next step was exposing the samples to UV light for 6 min and separating the organic matrix from the samples of wastewater. After the tests, the final value of the COD and the final PAHs concentration were determined. The average content of organic pollutants in pretreated coke wastewater determined by the COD index was 538 mg/L, and after the oxidation process, the COD index decreased in the range from 9 to 29%. The efficiency of the degradation of the sum of 16 PAHs was varied and was in the range of 94–97.6%. The research results show that sodium carbonate—hydrogen peroxide (2/3) can be used for the degradation of organic pollutants, such as PAHs, in the modified Fenton process.
Jolanta Kozak; Maria Włodarczyk-Makuła. The Use of Sodium Carbonate—Hydrogen Peroxide (2/3) in the Modified Fenton Reaction to Degradation PAHs in Coke Wastewater. Proceedings 2019, 16, 44 .
AMA StyleJolanta Kozak, Maria Włodarczyk-Makuła. The Use of Sodium Carbonate—Hydrogen Peroxide (2/3) in the Modified Fenton Reaction to Degradation PAHs in Coke Wastewater. Proceedings. 2019; 16 (1):44.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJolanta Kozak; Maria Włodarczyk-Makuła. 2019. "The Use of Sodium Carbonate—Hydrogen Peroxide (2/3) in the Modified Fenton Reaction to Degradation PAHs in Coke Wastewater." Proceedings 16, no. 1: 44.
Ewa Wiśniowska; Maria Włodarczyk-Makuła. The effect of selected acidic or alkaline chemical agents amendment on leachability of selected heavy metals from sewage sludge. Science of The Total Environment 2018, 633, 463 -469.
AMA StyleEwa Wiśniowska, Maria Włodarczyk-Makuła. The effect of selected acidic or alkaline chemical agents amendment on leachability of selected heavy metals from sewage sludge. Science of The Total Environment. 2018; 633 ():463-469.
Chicago/Turabian StyleEwa Wiśniowska; Maria Włodarczyk-Makuła. 2018. "The effect of selected acidic or alkaline chemical agents amendment on leachability of selected heavy metals from sewage sludge." Science of The Total Environment 633, no. : 463-469.
Maria Wlodarczyk-Makula. Transformation of Persistent Organic Pollutions in the Environment - Part II. Current Organic Chemistry 2018, 22, 1039 -1040.
AMA StyleMaria Wlodarczyk-Makula. Transformation of Persistent Organic Pollutions in the Environment - Part II. Current Organic Chemistry. 2018; 22 (11):1039-1040.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMaria Wlodarczyk-Makula. 2018. "Transformation of Persistent Organic Pollutions in the Environment - Part II." Current Organic Chemistry 22, no. 11: 1039-1040.
Maria Wlodarczyk-Makula. Editorial: Transformation of Persistent Organic Pollutions in the Environment. Current Organic Chemistry 2018, 22, 937 -938.
AMA StyleMaria Wlodarczyk-Makula. Editorial: Transformation of Persistent Organic Pollutions in the Environment. Current Organic Chemistry. 2018; 22 (10):937-938.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMaria Wlodarczyk-Makula. 2018. "Editorial: Transformation of Persistent Organic Pollutions in the Environment." Current Organic Chemistry 22, no. 10: 937-938.
In this paper, coke wastewater that had passed through biological and integrated membrane processes (filtration on sand bed—reverse osmosis) was chosen to assess the phytotoxicity of selected industrial wastewater with regard to the test plant—Vicia faba. An innovative research technique in vitro test was conducted in a large scale phytothrone chamber on two matrices: cotton and Murashige and Skoog Basal Medium (MSBM). The toxicity of wastewater was evaluated for samples: (1) treated in the treatment plant by biological processes, (2) filtrated through a sand bed and filtrated (3) reverse osmosis (RO) membrane. The results showed that there is a noticeable correlation between increasing concentrations of wastewater and seed germination of the test plant. Although the wastewater collected from the coke plant was treated biologically, it showed very high levels of germination inhibition (90–98% for cotton matrix and 92–100% for MSBM matrix) and strong toxic effects. The wastewater collected from the coke plant showed a significantly greater phytotoxic effect compared with those obtained from the effluent treated on a sand bed and in RO. However, wastewater, even after treatment on a sand bed (reduction of COD—39%, TN—46%, TOC—42%, TC—47%, SS—50%, 16PAHs—53%), was still toxic and germination inhibition was in the range of 24–48% for the cotton matrix and 14–54% for the MSBM matrix. The toxicity of wastewater treated in the membrane process was the lowest (reduction of COD—85%, TN—95%, TOC—85%, TC—86%, SS—98%, 16PAHs—67%). The germination inhibition was in the range of 4–10% for the cotton matrix and 2–12% for the MSBM matrix. These samples are classified as non-toxic or slightly toxic to the model plant. The present study highlights the necessity of monitoring not only the basic physical and chemical indicators (including the level of toxic substances as PAHs), but also their effect on the test organisms in wastewater samples.
Marzena Smol; Dariusz Włóka; Maria Włodarczyk-Makuła. Influence of Integrated Membrane Treatment on the Phytotoxicity of Wastewater from the Coke Industry. Water, Air, & Soil Pollution 2018, 229, 1 -14.
AMA StyleMarzena Smol, Dariusz Włóka, Maria Włodarczyk-Makuła. Influence of Integrated Membrane Treatment on the Phytotoxicity of Wastewater from the Coke Industry. Water, Air, & Soil Pollution. 2018; 229 (5):1-14.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarzena Smol; Dariusz Włóka; Maria Włodarczyk-Makuła. 2018. "Influence of Integrated Membrane Treatment on the Phytotoxicity of Wastewater from the Coke Industry." Water, Air, & Soil Pollution 229, no. 5: 1-14.
At present many WWTPs are focused on increasing quantity of biogas generated during sewage sludge processing. Various disintegration methods can be used for this purpose - thermal heating, ultrasonic disintegration, chemical treatment. The limiting step in sewage sludge digestion is hydrolysis, increasing the rate of this process allows for shortening solids retention time in digester, increasing soluble COD concentration in the reject water and as a result also biogas production. In technical scale ultrasonic and thermal disintegration are used. The most effective are ultrasounds below 100 Hz. In thermal conditioning various technological parameters are applied (from 60 - 80 °C to even 250°C, retention times from 15 min. to 2 hours). Effectiveness of the processes can be increased by using combined processes, e.g. thermal treatment and chemical stabilization. Chemical methods are at present mainly applied in laboratory scale. They include alkaline and acidic pretreatment or advanced chemical oxidation methods.
Ewa Wiśniowska; Maria Włodarczyk-Makuła. State of the Art in Technologies of the Biogas Production Increasing During Methane Digestion of Sewage Sludge. Civil and Environmental Engineering Reports 2018, 28, 64 -76.
AMA StyleEwa Wiśniowska, Maria Włodarczyk-Makuła. State of the Art in Technologies of the Biogas Production Increasing During Methane Digestion of Sewage Sludge. Civil and Environmental Engineering Reports. 2018; 28 (1):64-76.
Chicago/Turabian StyleEwa Wiśniowska; Maria Włodarczyk-Makuła. 2018. "State of the Art in Technologies of the Biogas Production Increasing During Methane Digestion of Sewage Sludge." Civil and Environmental Engineering Reports 28, no. 1: 64-76.
Maria Wlodarczyk-Makula. Simultaneous oxidation and adsorption of PAHs in effluents from industrial treatment plant. Desalination and Water Treatment 2018, 117, 329 -339.
AMA StyleMaria Wlodarczyk-Makula. Simultaneous oxidation and adsorption of PAHs in effluents from industrial treatment plant. Desalination and Water Treatment. 2018; 117 ():329-339.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMaria Wlodarczyk-Makula. 2018. "Simultaneous oxidation and adsorption of PAHs in effluents from industrial treatment plant." Desalination and Water Treatment 117, no. : 329-339.
Jolanta Kozak; Maria Wlodarczyk-Makula. Comparison of the PAHs degradation effectiveness using CaO2 or H2O2 under the photo-Fenton reaction. Desalination and Water Treatment 2018, 134, 57 -64.
AMA StyleJolanta Kozak, Maria Wlodarczyk-Makula. Comparison of the PAHs degradation effectiveness using CaO2 or H2O2 under the photo-Fenton reaction. Desalination and Water Treatment. 2018; 134 ():57-64.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJolanta Kozak; Maria Wlodarczyk-Makula. 2018. "Comparison of the PAHs degradation effectiveness using CaO2 or H2O2 under the photo-Fenton reaction." Desalination and Water Treatment 134, no. : 57-64.
Rafał Nowak; Ewa Wiśniowska; Maria Wlodarczyk-Makula. Effectiveness of degradation and removal of non-steroidal pharmaceuticals which are the most frequently identified in surface water. Desalination and Water Treatment 2018, 134, 211 -223.
AMA StyleRafał Nowak, Ewa Wiśniowska, Maria Wlodarczyk-Makula. Effectiveness of degradation and removal of non-steroidal pharmaceuticals which are the most frequently identified in surface water. Desalination and Water Treatment. 2018; 134 ():211-223.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRafał Nowak; Ewa Wiśniowska; Maria Wlodarczyk-Makula. 2018. "Effectiveness of degradation and removal of non-steroidal pharmaceuticals which are the most frequently identified in surface water." Desalination and Water Treatment 134, no. : 211-223.
B. Macherzynski; M. Wlodarczyk-Makula; D. Wojewódka. Control of PAHs degradation process under reducing conditions. DESALINATION AND WATER TREATMENT 2018, 117, 290 -300.
AMA StyleB. Macherzynski, M. Wlodarczyk-Makula, D. Wojewódka. Control of PAHs degradation process under reducing conditions. DESALINATION AND WATER TREATMENT. 2018; 117 ():290-300.
Chicago/Turabian StyleB. Macherzynski; M. Wlodarczyk-Makula; D. Wojewódka. 2018. "Control of PAHs degradation process under reducing conditions." DESALINATION AND WATER TREATMENT 117, no. : 290-300.
Agnieszka Popenda; Maria Wlodarczyk-Makula. Hazard from sediments contaminated with persistent organic pollutants (POPs). Desalination and Water Treatment 2018, 117, 318 -328.
AMA StyleAgnieszka Popenda, Maria Wlodarczyk-Makula. Hazard from sediments contaminated with persistent organic pollutants (POPs). Desalination and Water Treatment. 2018; 117 ():318-328.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAgnieszka Popenda; Maria Wlodarczyk-Makula. 2018. "Hazard from sediments contaminated with persistent organic pollutants (POPs)." Desalination and Water Treatment 117, no. : 318-328.
Selected heavy metals (Pb, Ni, Cd) were analysed in soil, digested sewage sludge as well as in the sludge stabilised with CaO or Fenton’s reagent. The dose of Fenton's reagent was as follows: Fe2+ = 1g.L-1, Fe2+/H2O2=1:100; stabilisation lasted for 2 h. Dose of CaO was equal to 1 g CaO.g d.m.-1 Total concentration of all metals in the digested sewage sludge was higher than in the soil. Chemical stabilisation of sludge with Fenton's reagent increased total metal content in the sludge as a result of total solids removal. Opposite effect was stated when the sludge was mixed with CaO. Also chemical fractions of heavy metals were identified (exchangeable, carbonate bound, iron oxides bound, organic and residual). The results indicate that stabilisation of the sludge with Fenton's reagent increased mobility of heavy metals compared to the digested sludge. Amendment of CaO increased percent share of examined metals in residual fraction, thus immobilised them and decreased their bioavailability.
Ewa Wiśniowska; Marła Włodarczyk-Makuła. Selected heavy metals speciation in chemically stabilised sewage sludge. E3S Web of Conferences 2017, 22, 184 .
AMA StyleEwa Wiśniowska, Marła Włodarczyk-Makuła. Selected heavy metals speciation in chemically stabilised sewage sludge. E3S Web of Conferences. 2017; 22 ():184.
Chicago/Turabian StyleEwa Wiśniowska; Marła Włodarczyk-Makuła. 2017. "Selected heavy metals speciation in chemically stabilised sewage sludge." E3S Web of Conferences 22, no. : 184.
This article describes the toxicity of organic micropollutants on tested microorganisms. Itis a current issue because organic micropollutants are identified in all elements of environmental (surface water, ground water, soils) and in food products. The organic micropollutants include: polychlorinated dibenzodioxyns PCDD, polychlorinated dibenzofurans PCDF, polychlorinated biphenyls PCB, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons PAH, halogenated compounds and by-products of water treatment. Some organic compounds cause hazard for health and human life due to their estrogenic biological activity, carcinogenic, mutagenic or teratogenic activity. The influence on organisms indicators of these compounds based on literature data were presented. The level of TEQ (toxic equivalency) in response to organic chlorine derivatives (PCDDs, PCDF, PCBs) is usually determined by toxic equivalency factor (TEF). The International Agency for Research on Cancer classifies organic micropollutants as carcinogenic to humans (Group 1), possibly carcinogenic (Group 2A) or probably carcinogenic to humans (Group 2B).
Maria Włodarczyk-Makuła. Influence of Selected Organic Micropollutants on Organisms. Civil and Environmental Engineering Reports 2017, 24, 83 -97.
AMA StyleMaria Włodarczyk-Makuła. Influence of Selected Organic Micropollutants on Organisms. Civil and Environmental Engineering Reports. 2017; 24 (1):83-97.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMaria Włodarczyk-Makuła. 2017. "Influence of Selected Organic Micropollutants on Organisms." Civil and Environmental Engineering Reports 24, no. 1: 83-97.
Marzena Smol; Maria Włodarczyk-Makuła; Beata Skowron-Grabowska. PAHs removal from municipal landfill leachate using an integrated membrane system in aspect of legal regulations. Desalination and Water Treatment 2017, 69, 335 -343.
AMA StyleMarzena Smol, Maria Włodarczyk-Makuła, Beata Skowron-Grabowska. PAHs removal from municipal landfill leachate using an integrated membrane system in aspect of legal regulations. Desalination and Water Treatment. 2017; 69 ():335-343.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarzena Smol; Maria Włodarczyk-Makuła; Beata Skowron-Grabowska. 2017. "PAHs removal from municipal landfill leachate using an integrated membrane system in aspect of legal regulations." Desalination and Water Treatment 69, no. : 335-343.
Barbara Tchórzewska-Cieślak; Maria Włodarczyk-Makuła; Janusz Rak. Safety analysis of the wastewater treatment process in the field of organic pollutants including PAHs. Desalination and Water Treatment 2017, 72, 146 -155.
AMA StyleBarbara Tchórzewska-Cieślak, Maria Włodarczyk-Makuła, Janusz Rak. Safety analysis of the wastewater treatment process in the field of organic pollutants including PAHs. Desalination and Water Treatment. 2017; 72 ():146-155.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBarbara Tchórzewska-Cieślak; Maria Włodarczyk-Makuła; Janusz Rak. 2017. "Safety analysis of the wastewater treatment process in the field of organic pollutants including PAHs." Desalination and Water Treatment 72, no. : 146-155.
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are relatively well-known organic pollutants and due to their carcinogenic and mutagenic properties, their presence in the aqueous environment still attracts a lot of attention. This article presents a critical review of the literature on the application of physical and chemical processes for removal of PAHs from aqueous solution, including water and wastewater. The effectiveness of coagulation, chemical oxidation, photodegradation, sorption, and membrane processes in the degradation or removal of these micropollutants is described. The PAHs removal efficiency (coagulation ∼ 99%, chemical oxidation ∼ 87%, photodegradation ∼ 93%, sorption ∼ 100%, and membrane ∼ 100%) during the above processes is difficult to compare due to the works conducted under different conditions and using various mediums, e.g., water, wastewater, PAHs model aqueous solutions.
Marzena Smol; Maria Włodarczyk-Makuła. The Effectiveness in the Removal of PAHs from Aqueous Solutions in Physical and Chemical Processes: A Review. Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds 2016, 37, 292 -313.
AMA StyleMarzena Smol, Maria Włodarczyk-Makuła. The Effectiveness in the Removal of PAHs from Aqueous Solutions in Physical and Chemical Processes: A Review. Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds. 2016; 37 (4):292-313.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarzena Smol; Maria Włodarczyk-Makuła. 2016. "The Effectiveness in the Removal of PAHs from Aqueous Solutions in Physical and Chemical Processes: A Review." Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds 37, no. 4: 292-313.
The article presents the results of studies concerning the hydraulic permeability of integrated membrane systems during the treatment of municipal landfill leachate. The laboratory-scale experiments were conducted to determine the effectiveness of coagulation as a pretreatment option for treating stabilized landfill leachate and effectiveness of nanofiltration (NF) and reverse osmosis (RO) processes. The municipal landfill leachates were analyzed for the concentration of the following: polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), nitrate nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, chemical oxygen demand (COD), total organic carbon (TOC), total carbon (TC), suspended soils (SS), turbidity, pH. The commercially available coagulant – aluminum sulfate Al2(SO4)3·18H2O (alum) was used as a coagulant. The NF process was carried out at the transmembrane pressure of 1.5 MPa. The membrane separation process was based on a thin film membrane (DK). The transmembrane pressure of the RO stood at 2 MPa and for this process one polyamide membrane (AG) was used. The level of leachate treatment was defined for raw and cleaned wastewater indicators. Both NF and RO membranes allowed obtaining the high level of pollutants removal. In the coagulation–NF system, the removal efficiency was equal to 77% for PAHs, 88% for COD, 72% for ammonium nitrogen, 80% for nitrate nitrogen, 67% for TOC, 80% for TC, 96% for SS and during the RO – 86% for PAHs, 98% for COD, 93% for ammonium nitrogen, 87% for nitrate nitrogen, 89% for TOC, 100% for TC, 98% for SS. The calculations based on the assumptions of the mathematical filtration model (relaxation) made it possible to predict the efficiency of commercial filtration membranes used for leachate treatment.
Marzena Smol; Maria Włodarczyk-Makuła. Effectiveness in the Removal of Organic Compounds from Municipal Landfill Leachate in Integrated Membrane Systems: Coagulation – NF/RO. Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds 2016, 37, 456 -474.
AMA StyleMarzena Smol, Maria Włodarczyk-Makuła. Effectiveness in the Removal of Organic Compounds from Municipal Landfill Leachate in Integrated Membrane Systems: Coagulation – NF/RO. Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds. 2016; 37 (5):456-474.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarzena Smol; Maria Włodarczyk-Makuła. 2016. "Effectiveness in the Removal of Organic Compounds from Municipal Landfill Leachate in Integrated Membrane Systems: Coagulation – NF/RO." Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds 37, no. 5: 456-474.