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Claude Meisch
Department of Ecology, University of Innsbruck, Sternwartestrasse 15, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria

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Journal article
Published: 14 October 2020 in Science of The Total Environment
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The European Alps are known as the ‘water towers of Europe’. However, climatic and socioeconomic changes influence both water supply and demand, increasing the need to manage this limited and valuable resource properly to avoid user conflicts and water scarcity. Two major challenges emerge when assessing water scarcity in the Alps: Firstly, mountainous regions are very heterogeneous regarding water availability and demand over space and time, and therefore water scarcity assessments need to be done at low temporal and spatial scales. Secondly, the tight coupling of the natural and the social sphere necessitate an integrative approach considering dynamics and interactions of the social-ecological system. Hence, we applied the agent-based water supply and demand model Aqua.MORE, which is designed for catchment scale and sub-daily temporal resolution, to a case study site in the Italian Alps. In the model, the water supply, the local water managers and water users are represented by interacting model agents. We estimated the water supply by refining the annual runoff data provided by the InVEST water yield model for within-year variations. Local stakeholders contributed to the development of quantitative and spatially-explicit scenarios for land use and tourism evolution. To evaluate water supply and demand dynamics, we assessed six scenarios for the period of 2015 to 2050: three different socio-economic policy pathways, both alone and in combination with a climate change scenario. In all six scenarios, the water demand:supply (D:S) ratio continuously rises from 2015 to 2050.The highest D:S ratio values are prognosed at the beginning of the irrigation period in May. In all scenarios considering climatic changes, the D:S ratio exceeds 20% for several days, indicating potential water scarcity. The simulation results reinforce the importance of analysing water balances at a high temporal resolution and can support management processes and stakeholder dialogues for sustainable watershed management.

ACS Style

Lisa Huber; Johannes Rüdisser; Claude Meisch; Rike Stotten; Georg Leitinger; Ulrike Tappeiner. Agent-based modelling of water balance in a social-ecological system: A multidisciplinary approach for mountain catchments. Science of The Total Environment 2020, 755, 142962 .

AMA Style

Lisa Huber, Johannes Rüdisser, Claude Meisch, Rike Stotten, Georg Leitinger, Ulrike Tappeiner. Agent-based modelling of water balance in a social-ecological system: A multidisciplinary approach for mountain catchments. Science of The Total Environment. 2020; 755 ():142962.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lisa Huber; Johannes Rüdisser; Claude Meisch; Rike Stotten; Georg Leitinger; Ulrike Tappeiner. 2020. "Agent-based modelling of water balance in a social-ecological system: A multidisciplinary approach for mountain catchments." Science of The Total Environment 755, no. : 142962.

Journal article
Published: 21 August 2020 in ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information
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Socio-economic indicators are key to understanding societal challenges. They disassemble complex phenomena to gain insights and deepen understanding. Specific subsets of indicators have been developed to describe sustainability, human development, vulnerability, risk, resilience and climate change adaptation. Nonetheless, insufficient quality and availability of data often limit their explanatory power. Spatial and temporal resolution are often not at a scale appropriate for monitoring. Socio-economic indicators are mostly provided by governmental institutions and are therefore limited to administrative boundaries. Furthermore, different methodological computation approaches for the same indicator impair comparability between countries and regions. OpenStreetMap (OSM) provides an unparalleled standardized global database with a high spatiotemporal resolution. Surprisingly, the potential of OSM seems largely unexplored in this context. In this study, we used machine learning to predict four exemplary socio-economic indicators for municipalities based on OSM. By comparing the predictive power of neural networks to statistical regression models, we evaluated the unhinged resources of OSM for indicator development. OSM provides prospects for monitoring across administrative boundaries, interdisciplinary topics, and semi-quantitative factors like social cohesion. Further research is still required to, for example, determine the impact of regional and international differences in user contributions on the outputs. Nonetheless, this database can provide meaningful insight into otherwise unknown spatial differences in social, environmental or economic inequalities.

ACS Style

Daniel Feldmeyer; Claude Meisch; Holger Sauter; Joern Birkmann. Using OpenStreetMap Data and Machine Learning to Generate Socio-Economic Indicators. ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 2020, 9, 498 .

AMA Style

Daniel Feldmeyer, Claude Meisch, Holger Sauter, Joern Birkmann. Using OpenStreetMap Data and Machine Learning to Generate Socio-Economic Indicators. ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information. 2020; 9 (9):498.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Daniel Feldmeyer; Claude Meisch; Holger Sauter; Joern Birkmann. 2020. "Using OpenStreetMap Data and Machine Learning to Generate Socio-Economic Indicators." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 9, no. 9: 498.

Journal article
Published: 21 February 2019 in Sustainability
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A key challenge in the sustainable management of freshwater is related to non-stationary processes and transboundary requirements. The assessment of freshwater is often hampered due to small-scale analyses, lacking data and with the focus on only its provision. Based on the ecosystem service (ES) concept, this study aims at quantitatively comparing potential water supply with the demand for freshwater in the European Alps and their surrounding lowlands. We propose an easy-to-use combination of different mapping approaches, including a large-scale hydrologic model to estimate water supply and the downscaling of regional data to the local scale to map demand. Our results demonstrate spatial mismatches between supply and demand and a high dependency of the densely populated lowlands from water providing mountain areas. Under expected climate variations and future demographic changes, our results suggest increasing pressures on freshwater in the south of the Alps. Hence, sustainable water management strategies need to assure the supply of freshwater under changing environmental conditions to meet the increasing water demand of urbanized areas in the lowlands. Moreover, national water management strategies need to be optimally concerted at the international level, as transboundary policies and frameworks can strengthen future water provision.

ACS Style

Claude Meisch; Uta Schirpke; Lisa Huber; Johannes Rüdisser; Ulrike Tappeiner. Assessing Freshwater Provision and Consumption in the Alpine Space Applying the Ecosystem Service Concept. Sustainability 2019, 11, 1131 .

AMA Style

Claude Meisch, Uta Schirpke, Lisa Huber, Johannes Rüdisser, Ulrike Tappeiner. Assessing Freshwater Provision and Consumption in the Alpine Space Applying the Ecosystem Service Concept. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (4):1131.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Claude Meisch; Uta Schirpke; Lisa Huber; Johannes Rüdisser; Ulrike Tappeiner. 2019. "Assessing Freshwater Provision and Consumption in the Alpine Space Applying the Ecosystem Service Concept." Sustainability 11, no. 4: 1131.

Journal article
Published: 19 September 2018 in Science of The Total Environment
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A comprehensive understanding of the relationships among ecosystem services (ES) is important for landscape management, decision-making and policy development, but interactions among multiple ES remain under-researched. In particular, earlier studies often did not clearly distinguish between supply, flow and demand. Furthermore, the underlying mechanisms in complex socio-ecological systems remain less examined. In this study, we therefore aimed to assess interactions among eight key ES, adopting a multistep approach. For all ES, we mapped ES supply, flow and demand at the municipality level in the Alpine Space area. We applied correlation analysis and cluster analysis in order to analyse the linkages between ES and to identify bundles of ES. We used random forest analysis to explain the distribution of the ES bundles and to identify important drivers based on socio-ecological variables (e.g. land use/cover, climate, topography and population density). Our results demonstrate that trade-offs and synergies varied greatly for supply, flow and demand. We identified five ES bundles, distinguishing hotspots of ES supply and demand. Twelve socio-ecological variables correctly predicted the membership of 81% of the municipalities to the ES bundles. Our results suggest that a limited number of socio-ecological variables can explain the majority of the distribution of ES bundles in the landscape. Considering the spatial relationships between mountain regions and their surrounding lowlands, regional and transnational governance frameworks need to connect areas of multiple ES supply to areas of ES demand, and should account for the different levels and types of ES relationships.

ACS Style

Uta Schirpke; Sebastian Candiago; Lukas Egarter Vigl; Hieronymus Jäger; Alice Labadini; Thomas Marsoner; Claude Meisch; Erich Tasser; Ulrike Tappeiner. Integrating supply, flow and demand to enhance the understanding of interactions among multiple ecosystem services. Science of The Total Environment 2018, 651, 928 -941.

AMA Style

Uta Schirpke, Sebastian Candiago, Lukas Egarter Vigl, Hieronymus Jäger, Alice Labadini, Thomas Marsoner, Claude Meisch, Erich Tasser, Ulrike Tappeiner. Integrating supply, flow and demand to enhance the understanding of interactions among multiple ecosystem services. Science of The Total Environment. 2018; 651 ():928-941.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Uta Schirpke; Sebastian Candiago; Lukas Egarter Vigl; Hieronymus Jäger; Alice Labadini; Thomas Marsoner; Claude Meisch; Erich Tasser; Ulrike Tappeiner. 2018. "Integrating supply, flow and demand to enhance the understanding of interactions among multiple ecosystem services." Science of The Total Environment 651, no. : 928-941.

Journal article
Published: 01 June 2018 in Ecosystem Services
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ACS Style

Uta Schirpke; Claude Meisch; Thomas Marsoner; Ulrike Tappeiner. Revealing spatial and temporal patterns of outdoor recreation in the European Alps and their surroundings. Ecosystem Services 2018, 31, 336 -350.

AMA Style

Uta Schirpke, Claude Meisch, Thomas Marsoner, Ulrike Tappeiner. Revealing spatial and temporal patterns of outdoor recreation in the European Alps and their surroundings. Ecosystem Services. 2018; 31 ():336-350.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Uta Schirpke; Claude Meisch; Thomas Marsoner; Ulrike Tappeiner. 2018. "Revealing spatial and temporal patterns of outdoor recreation in the European Alps and their surroundings." Ecosystem Services 31, no. : 336-350.