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This paper presents a novel model for predicting the sediment transport rate during flushing operation in sewers. The model was developed using the Evolutionary Polynomial Regression Multi-Objective Genetic Algorithm (EPR-MOGA) methodology applied to new experimental data collected. Using the new model, a series of design charts were developed to predict the sediment transport rate and the required flushing operation time for several pipe diameters. Accurate results (i.e. sediment transport rates) were obtained when applied to a case study in a combined sewer pipe in Marseille, as reported in the literature. The novelty of the model is the inclusion of the pipe slope, the inflow ‘dam break’ hydrograph, and the sediment properties as explanatory parameters. The new model can be used to predict flushing efficiency and design new flushing cleaning schedules in sewer systems.
Carlos Montes; Hachly Ortiz; Sergio Vanegas; Zoran Kapelan; Luigi Berardi; Juan Saldarriaga. Sediment transport prediction in sewer pipes during flushing operation. Urban Water Journal 2021, 1 -14.
AMA StyleCarlos Montes, Hachly Ortiz, Sergio Vanegas, Zoran Kapelan, Luigi Berardi, Juan Saldarriaga. Sediment transport prediction in sewer pipes during flushing operation. Urban Water Journal. 2021; ():1-14.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCarlos Montes; Hachly Ortiz; Sergio Vanegas; Zoran Kapelan; Luigi Berardi; Juan Saldarriaga. 2021. "Sediment transport prediction in sewer pipes during flushing operation." Urban Water Journal , no. : 1-14.
This paper proposes an iterative mathematical optimization framework to solve the layout and hydraulic design problems of sewer networks. The layout selection model determines the flow rate and direction per pipe using mixed-integer programming, which results in a tree-like structured network. This network layout parametrizes a second model that determines hydraulic features including the diameter and the upstream and downstream invert elevations of pipes using a shortest path algorithm. These models are embedded in an iterative scheme that refines a cost function approximation for the first model upon learning the actual design cost from the second model. The framework was successfully tested on two sewer network benchmarks from the literature and a real sewer network located in Bogotá, Colombia, that is proposed as a new instance. For both benchmarks, the proposed methodology found a better solution with up to 42% cost reduction compared to the best methodologies reported in the literature. These are near-optimal solutions with respect to construction cost that satisfy all hydraulic and pipe connectivity constraints of a sewer system.
Natalia Duque; Daniel Duque; Andrés Aguilar; Juan Saldarriaga. Sewer Network Layout Selection and Hydraulic Design Using a Mathematical Optimization Framework. Water 2020, 12, 3337 .
AMA StyleNatalia Duque, Daniel Duque, Andrés Aguilar, Juan Saldarriaga. Sewer Network Layout Selection and Hydraulic Design Using a Mathematical Optimization Framework. Water. 2020; 12 (12):3337.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNatalia Duque; Daniel Duque; Andrés Aguilar; Juan Saldarriaga. 2020. "Sewer Network Layout Selection and Hydraulic Design Using a Mathematical Optimization Framework." Water 12, no. 12: 3337.
Sediment transport in sewers has been extensively studied in the past. This paper aims to propose a new method for predicting the self-cleansing velocity required to avoid permanent deposition of material in sewer pipes. The new Random Forest (RF) based model was implemented using experimental data collected from the literature. The accuracy of the developed model was evaluated and compared with ten promising literature models using multiple observed datasets. The results obtained demonstrate that the RF model is able to make predictions with high accuracy for the whole dataset used. These predictions clearly outperform predictions made by other models, especially for the case of non-deposition with deposited bed criterion that is used for designing large sewer pipes. The volumetric sediment concentration was identified as the most important parameter for predicting self-cleansing velocity.
Carlos Montes; Zoran Kapelan; Juan Saldarriaga. Predicting non-deposition sediment transport in sewer pipes using Random forest. Water Research 2020, 189, 116639 .
AMA StyleCarlos Montes, Zoran Kapelan, Juan Saldarriaga. Predicting non-deposition sediment transport in sewer pipes using Random forest. Water Research. 2020; 189 ():116639.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCarlos Montes; Zoran Kapelan; Juan Saldarriaga. 2020. "Predicting non-deposition sediment transport in sewer pipes using Random forest." Water Research 189, no. : 116639.
The optimization of water distribution networks (WDN) has evolved, requiring approaches that seek to reduce capital costs and maximize the reliability of the system simultaneously. Hence, several evolutionary algorithms, such as the non-dominated sorting-based multi-objective evolutionary algorithm (NSGA-II), have been widely used despite the high computational costs required to achieve an acceptable solution. Alternatively, energy-based methods have been used to reach near-optimal solutions with reduced computational requirements. This paper presents a method to combine the domain knowledge given by energy-based methods with an evolutionary algorithm, in a way that improves the convergence rate and reduces the overall computational requirements to find near-optimal Pareto fronts (PFs). This method is divided into three steps: parameters calibration, preprocessing of the optimal power use surface (OPUS) results, and periodic feedback using OPUS in NSGA II. The method was tested in four benchmark networks with different characteristics, seeking to minimize the costs of the WDN and maximizing its reliability. Then the results were compared with a generic implementation of NSGA-II, and the performance and quality of the solutions were evaluated using two metrics: hypervolume (HV) and modified inverted generational distance (IGD+). The results showed that the feedback procedure increases the efficiency of the algorithm, particularly the first time the algorithm is retrofitted.
Diego Páez; Camilo Salcedo; Alexander Garzón; María González; Juan Saldarriaga. Use of Energy-Based Domain Knowledge as Feedback to Evolutionary Algorithms for the Optimization of Water Distribution Networks. Water 2020, 12, 3101 .
AMA StyleDiego Páez, Camilo Salcedo, Alexander Garzón, María González, Juan Saldarriaga. Use of Energy-Based Domain Knowledge as Feedback to Evolutionary Algorithms for the Optimization of Water Distribution Networks. Water. 2020; 12 (11):3101.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDiego Páez; Camilo Salcedo; Alexander Garzón; María González; Juan Saldarriaga. 2020. "Use of Energy-Based Domain Knowledge as Feedback to Evolutionary Algorithms for the Optimization of Water Distribution Networks." Water 12, no. 11: 3101.
External abrasion caused by leaks in pipe connections is a constant risk for water distribution systems (WDSs). Phenomena related to pipe leakages may lead not only to flow losses and pressure drops in locations where they occur but also potential damage in buried pipes due to soil fluidization. The aim of this paper is to demonstrate that pipe failures can be developed by this leakage phenomenon that causes soil fluidization. Through experimental research using a model with pipes of various materials, the impact of a leak in the outer walls of a buried pipe was simulated. Results showed that regardless of the material, size, or any other input variable, every pipeline is vulnerable to external abrasion. A future improved model could be developed using water under pressure to perform simulations, which may lead to further contributions. Results from this study suggest that improving materials should not be the only concern when designing water networks, and particular attention should be paid to enhance the quality of pipe connections.
Daniela Rojas; Kevin Vargas; Andrés Cortés; Sebastián Rocha; Pablo París; Viviana Riveros; Juan Saldarriaga. External Abrasion Caused by Leakages in Potable Water Distribution System Pipes. Journal of Pipeline Systems Engineering and Practice 2020, 11, 04020046 .
AMA StyleDaniela Rojas, Kevin Vargas, Andrés Cortés, Sebastián Rocha, Pablo París, Viviana Riveros, Juan Saldarriaga. External Abrasion Caused by Leakages in Potable Water Distribution System Pipes. Journal of Pipeline Systems Engineering and Practice. 2020; 11 (4):04020046.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDaniela Rojas; Kevin Vargas; Andrés Cortés; Sebastián Rocha; Pablo París; Viviana Riveros; Juan Saldarriaga. 2020. "External Abrasion Caused by Leakages in Potable Water Distribution System Pipes." Journal of Pipeline Systems Engineering and Practice 11, no. 4: 04020046.
In recent years, there has been an increase in the frequency of urban floods as a result of three determinant factors: the reduction in systems’ capacity due to aging, a changing environment that has resulted in alterations in the hydrological cycle, and the reduction of the permeability of watersheds due to urban growth. Due to this, a question that every urban area must answer is: Are we ready to face these new challenges? The renovation of all the pipes that compose the drainage system is not a feasible solution, and, therefore, the use of new solutions is an increasing trend, leading to a new operational paradigm where water is stored in the system and released at a controlled rate. Hence, technologies, such as stormwater tanks, are being implemented in different cities. This research sought to understand how Climate Change would affect future precipitation, and based on the results, applied two different approaches to determine the optimal location and sizing of storage units, through the application of the Simulated Annealing and Pseudo-Genetic Algorithms. In this process, a strong component of computational modeling was applied in order to allow the optimization algorithms to efficiently reach near-optimal solutions. These approaches were tested in two stormwater networks at Bogotá, Colombia, considering three different rainfall scenarios.
Juan Saldarriaga; Camilo Salcedo; Laura Solarte; Laura Pulgarín; Maria Laura Rivera; Mariana Camacho; Pedro L. Iglesias-Rey; Francisco Javier Martínez-Solano; Maria Cunha. Reducing Flood Risk in Changing Environments: Optimal Location and Sizing of Stormwater Tanks Considering Climate Change. Water 2020, 12, 2491 .
AMA StyleJuan Saldarriaga, Camilo Salcedo, Laura Solarte, Laura Pulgarín, Maria Laura Rivera, Mariana Camacho, Pedro L. Iglesias-Rey, Francisco Javier Martínez-Solano, Maria Cunha. Reducing Flood Risk in Changing Environments: Optimal Location and Sizing of Stormwater Tanks Considering Climate Change. Water. 2020; 12 (9):2491.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJuan Saldarriaga; Camilo Salcedo; Laura Solarte; Laura Pulgarín; Maria Laura Rivera; Mariana Camacho; Pedro L. Iglesias-Rey; Francisco Javier Martínez-Solano; Maria Cunha. 2020. "Reducing Flood Risk in Changing Environments: Optimal Location and Sizing of Stormwater Tanks Considering Climate Change." Water 12, no. 9: 2491.
Since the incorporation of PVC as pipe material in the second half of 20th century, its use in the design, rehabilitation and expansion of Water Distribution Networks (WDS) has been widely assimilated. However, materials with higher roughness were more commonly used and with these materials were carried out the studies on which are based the most used design equations (Colebrook-White, Darcy-Weisbach and Hazen-Williams). In this work, the applicability of these equations is tested using PVC as the material to verify their precision. Measurements of pressure loss in different assemblies for extents of Reynolds numbers ranging from 3x104 to 5x105 and relative roughness between 6x10-4 and 2x10-3 were performed. For small diameters, Blasius and Prandtl–von Kármán equations can be used to calculate the friction factor. On the other hand, for larger diameters, the Colebrook-White equation correctly describes the relationship between the friction factor and the Reynolds number.
Juan Carvajal; Willy Zambrano; Nicolás Gómez; Juan Saldarriaga. Turbulent flow in PVC pipes in water distribution systems. Urban Water Journal 2020, 17, 503 -511.
AMA StyleJuan Carvajal, Willy Zambrano, Nicolás Gómez, Juan Saldarriaga. Turbulent flow in PVC pipes in water distribution systems. Urban Water Journal. 2020; 17 (6):503-511.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJuan Carvajal; Willy Zambrano; Nicolás Gómez; Juan Saldarriaga. 2020. "Turbulent flow in PVC pipes in water distribution systems." Urban Water Journal 17, no. 6: 503-511.
In recent years, iterative computational techniques have been considered as the most effective methods to tackle the problem of Water Distribution System (WDS) minimum-cost design. Given their stochastic nature, these approaches involve a large number of hydraulic simulations in order to obtain suitable results. Herein, a WDS design methodology based entirely on hydraulic principles is presented. This methodology, named Optimal Power Use Surface (OPUS), focuses on both reaching low-cost designs and diminishing the number of hydraulic executions (iterations), by establishing efficient ways in which energy is dissipated and flow is distributed throughout the system. The algorithm was tested in four well known benchmark networks, previously reported in the literature. OPUS proved that following hydraulic principles is a fair choice to design WDS, showing plenty of potential in other water distribution mathematical modeling applications and offering an alternative for the extensive search process undertaken by metaheuristics.
Juan Saldarriaga; Diego Páez; Camilo Salcedo; Paula Cuero; Laura Lunita López; Natalia León; David Celeita. A Direct Approach for the Near-Optimal Design of Water Distribution Networks Based on Power Use. Water 2020, 12, 1037 .
AMA StyleJuan Saldarriaga, Diego Páez, Camilo Salcedo, Paula Cuero, Laura Lunita López, Natalia León, David Celeita. A Direct Approach for the Near-Optimal Design of Water Distribution Networks Based on Power Use. Water. 2020; 12 (4):1037.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJuan Saldarriaga; Diego Páez; Camilo Salcedo; Paula Cuero; Laura Lunita López; Natalia León; David Celeita. 2020. "A Direct Approach for the Near-Optimal Design of Water Distribution Networks Based on Power Use." Water 12, no. 4: 1037.
Sediment transport in sewer systems is an important issue of interest to engineering practice. Several models have been developed in the past to predict a threshold velocity or shear stress resulting in self-cleansing flow conditions in a sewer pipe. These models, however, could still be improved. This paper develops three new self-cleansing models using the Evolutionary Polynomial Regression-Multi-Objective Genetic Algorithm (EPR-MOGA) methodology applied to new experimental data collected on a 242 mm diameter acrylic pipe. The three new models are validated and compared to the literature models using both new and previously published data sets. The results obtained demonstrate that three new models have improved prediction accuracy when compared to the literature ones. The key feature of the new models is the inclusion of pipe slope as a significant explanatory factor in estimating the threshold self-cleansing velocity.
Carlos Montes; Luigi Berardi; Zoran Kapelan; Juan Saldarriaga. Predicting bedload sediment transport of non-cohesive material in sewer pipes using evolutionary polynomial regression – multi-objective genetic algorithm strategy. Urban Water Journal 2020, 17, 154 -162.
AMA StyleCarlos Montes, Luigi Berardi, Zoran Kapelan, Juan Saldarriaga. Predicting bedload sediment transport of non-cohesive material in sewer pipes using evolutionary polynomial regression – multi-objective genetic algorithm strategy. Urban Water Journal. 2020; 17 (2):154-162.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCarlos Montes; Luigi Berardi; Zoran Kapelan; Juan Saldarriaga. 2020. "Predicting bedload sediment transport of non-cohesive material in sewer pipes using evolutionary polynomial regression – multi-objective genetic algorithm strategy." Urban Water Journal 17, no. 2: 154-162.
This paper aims to analyze different sediment self-cleansing criteria and to find out what the corresponding implications are on the optimal design of sewer systems. A methodology based on enumeration is used to find the sewer network design that minimizes the costs of construction while fulfilling a number of design criteria including self-cleansing constraints. Three stormwater and wastewater sewer networks are used for the analyses. The results indicate that in cases where the terrain slopes and design flow rates are higher, the self-cleansing restrictions are irrelevant to the optimal design. However, when the terrain slopes and the design flow rates are lower, these restrictions affect the final design. Using the results obtained, a graph is constructed showing the limit at which self-cleansing restrictions become a constraining parameter in optimal design for sewer networks. It is expected that this graph will be useful for the design of future sewer networks in low-income areas, where the design of traditional, gravity-based sewer systems is essential.
Carlos Montes; Zoran Kapelan; Juan Saldarriaga. Impact of Self-Cleansing Criteria Choice on the Optimal Design of Sewer Networks in South America. Water 2019, 11, 1148 .
AMA StyleCarlos Montes, Zoran Kapelan, Juan Saldarriaga. Impact of Self-Cleansing Criteria Choice on the Optimal Design of Sewer Networks in South America. Water. 2019; 11 (6):1148.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCarlos Montes; Zoran Kapelan; Juan Saldarriaga. 2019. "Impact of Self-Cleansing Criteria Choice on the Optimal Design of Sewer Networks in South America." Water 11, no. 6: 1148.
Reliable and safe access to drinking water is necessary to ensure the economic and social sustainable development of human communities. This task requires a multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) methodology to select alternatives for new water supply infrastructure. These alternatives represent significant financial resources and are established for a long lifespan. To support decision-making in the context of building new water supply infrastructure, this study developed an MCDA methodology that integrates a hierarchy of non-economic benefits and the expected costs into a global index. Our methodology was implemented in the city of Santa Marta, Colombia. This city currently has a 60% drinking water shortage, and urgently needs to expand its capacity to satisfy the increasing water demand. The results of this study support the implementation of the best alternative for addressing Santa Marta’s water supply problem by considering the preferences of stakeholders.
Henry Amorocho-Daza; Sergio Cabrales; Raquel Santos; Juan Saldarriaga. A New Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis Methodology for the Selection of New Water Supply Infrastructure. Water 2019, 11, 805 .
AMA StyleHenry Amorocho-Daza, Sergio Cabrales, Raquel Santos, Juan Saldarriaga. A New Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis Methodology for the Selection of New Water Supply Infrastructure. Water. 2019; 11 (4):805.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHenry Amorocho-Daza; Sergio Cabrales; Raquel Santos; Juan Saldarriaga. 2019. "A New Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis Methodology for the Selection of New Water Supply Infrastructure." Water 11, no. 4: 805.
Juan Saldarriaga; Jessica Bohorquez; David Celeita; Laura Vega; Diego Paez; Dragan Savic; Graeme Dandy; Yves Filion; Walter Grayman; Zoran Kapelan. Battle of the Water Networks District Metered Areas. Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management 2019, 145, 04019002 .
AMA StyleJuan Saldarriaga, Jessica Bohorquez, David Celeita, Laura Vega, Diego Paez, Dragan Savic, Graeme Dandy, Yves Filion, Walter Grayman, Zoran Kapelan. Battle of the Water Networks District Metered Areas. Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management. 2019; 145 (4):04019002.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJuan Saldarriaga; Jessica Bohorquez; David Celeita; Laura Vega; Diego Paez; Dragan Savic; Graeme Dandy; Yves Filion; Walter Grayman; Zoran Kapelan. 2019. "Battle of the Water Networks District Metered Areas." Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management 145, no. 4: 04019002.
The drainage networks of our cities are currently experiencing a growing increase in runoff flows, caused mainly by the waterproofing of the soil and the effects of climate change. Consequently, networks originally designed correctly must endure floods with frequencies much higher than those considered in the design phase. The solution of such a problem is to improve the network. There are several ways to rehabilitate a network: conduit substitution as a former method or current methods such as storm tank installation or combined use of conduit substitution and storm tank installation. To find an optimal solution, deterministic or heuristic optimization methods are used. In this paper, a methodology for the rehabilitation of these drainage networks based on the combined use of the installation of storm tanks and the substitution of some conduits of the system is presented. For this, a cost-optimization method and a pseudo-genetic heuristic algorithm, whose efficiency has been validated in other fields, are applied. The Storm Water Management Model (SWMM) model for hydraulic analysis of drainage and sanitation networks is used. The methodology has been applied to a sector of the drainage network of the city of Bogota in Colombia, showing how the combined use of storm tanks and conduits leads to lower cost rehabilitation solutions.
Ulrich A. Ngamalieu-Nengoue; Pedro L. Iglesias-Rey; F. Javier Martínez-Solano; Daniel Mora-Meliá; Juan G. Saldarriaga Valderrama. Urban Drainage Network Rehabilitation Considering Storm Tank Installation and Pipe Substitution. Water 2019, 11, 515 .
AMA StyleUlrich A. Ngamalieu-Nengoue, Pedro L. Iglesias-Rey, F. Javier Martínez-Solano, Daniel Mora-Meliá, Juan G. Saldarriaga Valderrama. Urban Drainage Network Rehabilitation Considering Storm Tank Installation and Pipe Substitution. Water. 2019; 11 (3):515.
Chicago/Turabian StyleUlrich A. Ngamalieu-Nengoue; Pedro L. Iglesias-Rey; F. Javier Martínez-Solano; Daniel Mora-Meliá; Juan G. Saldarriaga Valderrama. 2019. "Urban Drainage Network Rehabilitation Considering Storm Tank Installation and Pipe Substitution." Water 11, no. 3: 515.
In a water distribution system—WDS, every pipe is considered as a potential candidate to locate a valve, regarding that the usage of these accessories are widely applied with different purposes within water supply systems. Framed in the scope of this research, it has been proposed as a previous stage of the optimization process, the implementation of different techniques that leads to the reduction of the solution space based on the hydraulic knowledge of the network, seeking to obtain results of high quality in an efficient way. Because of this, it was decided to analyze the effect of the reduction of the solution space associated with the optimal valve location problem in a WDS, using three hydraulic criteria based on the operational knowledge of the network, obtaining satisfactory results without losing the quality of the reached solution.
Camilo Andrés Salcedo; Juan Saldarriaga. Use of Hydraulic Criteria to Increase the Efficiency of Optimization Methods for Valve-Setting Problems in Water Distribution Systems. World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2018 2018, 1 .
AMA StyleCamilo Andrés Salcedo, Juan Saldarriaga. Use of Hydraulic Criteria to Increase the Efficiency of Optimization Methods for Valve-Setting Problems in Water Distribution Systems. World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2018. 2018; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCamilo Andrés Salcedo; Juan Saldarriaga. 2018. "Use of Hydraulic Criteria to Increase the Efficiency of Optimization Methods for Valve-Setting Problems in Water Distribution Systems." World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2018 , no. : 1.
Population growth is one of the most challenging factors around the design, operation, and renewal of water distribution systems (WDS). Nowadays, cities are subjected to many dramatic changes that may disturb the performance and original approach of urban infrastructure; among these are the informal settlements (slums) and overcrowding phenomena. This paper describes a rehabilitation methodology of real WDS that seeks to identify the proper topology changes, in terms of pipes replacement, under different demand scenarios in order to readjust the network, achieve minimum pressure requirement, and improve the hydraulic performance of the whole system. This research focuses in the assessment of two rehabilitation criteria, tested in two WDSs of different Colombian towns and three district metering area (DMA) of main Colombian cities, with an infrastructure installed at least twenty years ago. Some surrogate measures of networks reliability were taken into account to assess the rehabilitation methodology, and its results were compared with optimal designs. The EPANET toolkit, MATLAB, and REDES software were used in this research. Both criteria proved to be. Both criteria proved to be good benchmarks to improve some performance indicators in each rehabilitated network. Finally, the suitability of each criteria was analysed considering the topologic complexity as well as network capital cost.
Juan Saldarriaga; Laura C. Vega. Assessment of Criteria to Make Topological Changes in Water Distribution Systems under Future Water Demand Scenarios. World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2018 2018, 1 .
AMA StyleJuan Saldarriaga, Laura C. Vega. Assessment of Criteria to Make Topological Changes in Water Distribution Systems under Future Water Demand Scenarios. World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2018. 2018; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJuan Saldarriaga; Laura C. Vega. 2018. "Assessment of Criteria to Make Topological Changes in Water Distribution Systems under Future Water Demand Scenarios." World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2018 , no. : 1.
Information related to water distribution systems (WDS) in small and intermediate cities often may be incomplete or unreliable, and data acquisition may be infeasible due to elevated time and economic costs. This lack of information can lead to inaccurate network operation and maintenance, and it can also limit the use of calibrated hydraulic models to support future designs in the system. Virtual case studies can thus be treated and used to overcome the insufficient data problems. The results are not case-specific as the obtained with benchmark networks. This paper aims to evaluate a new methodology by generating virtual networks for different cities in Colombia and then comparing resulting virtual WDS with the real systems, based on data obtained from water utilities. For both sets, network layout similarity and hydraulic factors were analysed. The results of the comparison between real and virtual networks make it possible to conclude about the applicability and limitation of this virtual generation software in small cities or DMAs in large cities, and also allows suggesting alternative solutions.
Juliana Robles; Juan Saldarriaga. Generation of Virtual WDS to Complete Cadastral Information of Existing Systems. World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2018 2018, 1 .
AMA StyleJuliana Robles, Juan Saldarriaga. Generation of Virtual WDS to Complete Cadastral Information of Existing Systems. World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2018. 2018; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJuliana Robles; Juan Saldarriaga. 2018. "Generation of Virtual WDS to Complete Cadastral Information of Existing Systems." World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2018 , no. : 1.
James G. Uber; Dominic L. Boccelli; Sam Hatchett; Zoran Kapelan; Juan Saldarriaga; Angus R. Simpson; Michael E. Tryby; Jakobus E. Van Zyl. Let’s Get Moving and Write Software: An Open Source Project for EPANET. Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management 2018, 144, 01818001 .
AMA StyleJames G. Uber, Dominic L. Boccelli, Sam Hatchett, Zoran Kapelan, Juan Saldarriaga, Angus R. Simpson, Michael E. Tryby, Jakobus E. Van Zyl. Let’s Get Moving and Write Software: An Open Source Project for EPANET. Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management. 2018; 144 (4):01818001.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJames G. Uber; Dominic L. Boccelli; Sam Hatchett; Zoran Kapelan; Juan Saldarriaga; Angus R. Simpson; Michael E. Tryby; Jakobus E. Van Zyl. 2018. "Let’s Get Moving and Write Software: An Open Source Project for EPANET." Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management 144, no. 4: 01818001.
Resumen Dentro de las actividades que alteran la composición del suelo está la minería, que causa el aumento de daños visibles al suelo mediante la creación de minas a cielo abierto, escombreras, estanques de residuos y otras instalaciones de minas. El objetivo principal de este trabajo fue evaluar el efecto de la lombriz roja californiana sobre el crecimiento de microorganismos en suelos contaminados con mercurio en el municipio de Segovia, Antioquia. Estos suelos representan una problemática importante debido a la acumulación de mercurio en exceso que ocasiona la pérdida de la calidad del suelo. Para este estudio se tomaron cuatro tratamientos en diferentes concentraciones de mercurio y un tratamiento más como blanco con lombrices rojas californianas (Eisenia foetida). Para esto, se evaluó el crecimiento de microorganismos a través de diferentes cultivos en el laboratorio, encontrando un crecimiento satisfactorio de los mismos luego de 25 y 90 días de tratamiento. De acuerdo al comportamiento observado, se evidencia una inmovilización del mercurio y una adaptación de los microorganismos al suelo contaminado, mostrando un aumento significativo de estos con el transcurso del tiempo.
Isabel C. Zapata; Laura Martínez; Estefanía Posada; María E. González; Juan G. Saldarriaga. Efectos de la lombriz roja californiana (Eisenia foetida), sobre el crecimiento de microorganismos en suelos contaminados con mercurio de Segovia, Antoquia. Ciencia e Ingeniería Neogranadina 2017, 27, 77 -90.
AMA StyleIsabel C. Zapata, Laura Martínez, Estefanía Posada, María E. González, Juan G. Saldarriaga. Efectos de la lombriz roja californiana (Eisenia foetida), sobre el crecimiento de microorganismos en suelos contaminados con mercurio de Segovia, Antoquia. Ciencia e Ingeniería Neogranadina. 2017; 27 (1):77-90.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIsabel C. Zapata; Laura Martínez; Estefanía Posada; María E. González; Juan G. Saldarriaga. 2017. "Efectos de la lombriz roja californiana (Eisenia foetida), sobre el crecimiento de microorganismos en suelos contaminados con mercurio de Segovia, Antoquia." Ciencia e Ingeniería Neogranadina 27, no. 1: 77-90.
Maria Cunha; João António Zeferino; Nuno Simoes; Gustavo Santos; Juan G. Saldarriaga. A decision support model for the optimal siting and sizing of storage units in stormwater drainage systems. International Journal of Sustainable Development and Planning 2017, 12, 1 .
AMA StyleMaria Cunha, João António Zeferino, Nuno Simoes, Gustavo Santos, Juan G. Saldarriaga. A decision support model for the optimal siting and sizing of storage units in stormwater drainage systems. International Journal of Sustainable Development and Planning. 2017; 12 (1):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMaria Cunha; João António Zeferino; Nuno Simoes; Gustavo Santos; Juan G. Saldarriaga. 2017. "A decision support model for the optimal siting and sizing of storage units in stormwater drainage systems." International Journal of Sustainable Development and Planning 12, no. 1: 1.
Pedro L. Iglesias-Rey; F. Javier Martínez-Solano; Juan G. Saldarriaga; Vicente R. Navarro-Planas. Pseudo-genetic Model Optimization for Rehabilitation of Urban Storm-water Drainage Networks. Procedia Engineering 2017, 186, 617 -625.
AMA StylePedro L. Iglesias-Rey, F. Javier Martínez-Solano, Juan G. Saldarriaga, Vicente R. Navarro-Planas. Pseudo-genetic Model Optimization for Rehabilitation of Urban Storm-water Drainage Networks. Procedia Engineering. 2017; 186 ():617-625.
Chicago/Turabian StylePedro L. Iglesias-Rey; F. Javier Martínez-Solano; Juan G. Saldarriaga; Vicente R. Navarro-Planas. 2017. "Pseudo-genetic Model Optimization for Rehabilitation of Urban Storm-water Drainage Networks." Procedia Engineering 186, no. : 617-625.