Extensive research has explored the potential utility of industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa) in phytoremediation, particularly its ability to alleviate soil pollution caused by heavy metals—a significant threat to human health and the environment. Various industrial activities, including mining, smelting, and manufacturing, can introduce heavy metals into the soil. Phytoremediation harnesses the unique detoxification abilities of plants like cannabis to rehabilitate polluted sites. Studies indicate that cannabis exhibits remarkable proficiency in extracting heavy metals like lead, cadmium, and nickel from contaminated soil, accumulating them in its tissues. This highlights the promising potential of cannabis as a candidate for phytoremediation. Noteworthy attributes such as hemp's deep roots and robustness enable it to endure diverse metal accumulations, and its biomass presents numerous commercial opportunities post-harvest. Additionally, research suggests that the integration of mycorrhizal fungi may enhance cannabis' phytoremediation capabilities. These symbiotic fungi establish beneficial relationships with plants, promoting nutrient absorption and fortifying environmental resilience.

Yamuna river is the longest and second-largest tributary of the Ganga river. The tenacious river pollution concentrations of Nickel and Zinc were determined in water from river Yamuna, at Delhi. The polluted river water is mostly used for drinking, agricultural or aquacultural purposes and also stored as holy water. Due to growing community extension, farm and residential advancement and rapid technological progress are significant origins of the decay of lead in Yamuna river and various water sources. The objective of this study was to determine the seasonal variation of Nickel and Zinc concentration in Yamuna river water from summer, monsoon and winter and water samples were collected from five different sites of the river. The seasonal variation of metal concentration is determined using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) & Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS). The Ni and Zn concentrations in Yamuna river water are higher than the limits of WHO set for heavy metals. The highest concentration of Ni and Zn metals in river water are found in the summer season. It is universally-known that the Ni and Zn are majorly toxic in nature. The exposure of the Ni and Zn through water is chronic toxicity, which could be quite harmful to humans as well as underwater life. This research study shows that the water quality of the Yamuna river is not fit for drinking, bathing, agricultural purpose and aquatic life. The existing condition of the Yamuna river is of serious concern, and remediation of the river to prevent current and further pollution is the critical need for environmental conservation.

Water is increasingly becoming an unusual resource, both in the relation to quantity and quality. Yamuna river water may become contaminated by the accumulation of Zinc through emissions from the rapidly expanding industrial areas, disposal of high element wastes, fertilizers, animal manures, sewage sludge, pesticides, and wastewater irrigation. Samples of water were collected from the five different sampling sites. Samples collected in the duration of 8 months from January to August with the gap of 20–25 days keeping the climatic change as a major parameter. The concentration of Zinc (Zn) in water from River Yamuna, Delhi was determined by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). It was found that the concentration of zinc (Zn) is higher than the permissible limits of WHO and lower than permissible limits only in the month of August. This can be established that the concentration increases with rising temperature and reducing humidity. It is universally-known that zinc is majorly toxic in nature and humans & animals. Exposure of zinc through water may produce chronic toxicity that could be quite harmful to human life.

Background and Objective: This study presents a comprehensive analysis of site-wise variations in lead concentrations in water from the Yamuna, India, over 1 year. Materials and Methods: Monthly samples were collected from five sites, and the lead concentrations were analyzed using established standard methods. Significant fluctuations were observed in lead concentrations across the sites. Result and Discussion: Site 3 consistently maintained the highest lead concentrations throughout the year. The highest lead concentrations at all sites were recorded in May. Site 4 exhibited a steady increase in concentration from January to May, followed by a decrease throughout the rest of the year. The concentration at site 2 consistently increased up to a peak in April. Site 5 showed fluctuations throughout the year, with the highest concentration in April. At site 1, a notable increase was observed from January to April, followed by a decrease over the rest of the year. These variations in lead concentrations have significant implications for environmental forensics and public health. High lead concentrations, especially at Site 3, indicate that there are potential pollution sources in the vicinity. Conclusion: The study underscores the importance of ongoing monitoring and remediation efforts to mitigate the adverse health effects associated with lead exposure. The concentrations at some of the sites exceed limits set by the World Health Organization. Understanding the site-wise variations in heavy metal concentrations in the Yamuna is crucial for identifying pollution sources, implementing effective remediation strategies, and safeguarding public health. This research provides valuable insight into the dynamic nature of heavy metal pollution in the river Yauma.

Access to clean and safe drinking water for all remains a global challenge, mainly for rural populations and areas affected by natural disasters or humanitarian crises. The traditional water quality treatment technologies can work well in laboratory or controlled settings, but they are usually applied under conditions unavailable in these types of conditions. Traditional water quality treatment methods are limited by established infrastructure, expensive operating costs, energy requirements, and the ability to perform in-field water treatment. To improve the barriers of traditional water quality treatment technologies, recently developed scientific discoveries of nanozymes, a new class of nanomaterials with enzyme-like catalytic activity, have shown the ability to decentralise water purification. Nanozymes provide a mechanism for water treatment that does not require the infrastructure or the cost of traditional water quality treatment methods. Also, nanozymes possess extremely high catalytic activity, chemical stability, are inexpensive, and are suitable for a variety of contaminants. This review gives a systematic overview of the development of suitable nanozyme-based portable water purification systems. It shows their catalytic mechanisms, the class of nanozymes used, and the design characteristics related to their working use, also highlighting the developments that consider the specific needs of rural contexts, provide rapid responses to disaster areas, and offer drinking water with reliable, simple, and sustainable apparatus.