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The study aimed to compare the yeast species diversity in the specific environment of dishwashers, taking into account the potential risk for users. Yeasts were isolated from ten dishwashers and from tap water supplied to the appliances. Samples were collected for mycological analyses at the beginning of each month, from February to May 2016. Four dishwasher sites (rubber seals, detergent dispensers, sprinklers, and water drains) were analyzed. The microfungi were identified by the standard procedures applied in mycological diagnostics. To confirm species identification, molecular analysis was performed based on the sequences of the D1/D2 region. The presence of microfungi was detected in 70% of the investigated appliances. Rubber seals, detergent dispensers, and water drains were the most frequently colonized elements. Thirty-five yeast strains were isolated in this study, of which twenty-seven were obtained from dishwashers and eight from tap water. The strains belonged to six genera and six species (Candida parapsilosis, Clavispora lusitaniae, Dipodascus capitatus, Exophiala dermatitidis, Meyerozyma guilliermondii, and Rhodotorula mucilaginosa). Most of the strains came from rubber seals. In this way, it was demonstrated that the dishwashers’ condition is sufficient as an ecological niche for microfungi.
Kamila Kulesza; Anna Biedunkiewicz; Karolina Nowacka; Maria Dynowska; Monika Urbaniak; Łukasz Stępień. Dishwashers as an Extreme Environment of Potentially Pathogenic Yeast Species. Pathogens 2021, 10, 446 .
AMA StyleKamila Kulesza, Anna Biedunkiewicz, Karolina Nowacka, Maria Dynowska, Monika Urbaniak, Łukasz Stępień. Dishwashers as an Extreme Environment of Potentially Pathogenic Yeast Species. Pathogens. 2021; 10 (4):446.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKamila Kulesza; Anna Biedunkiewicz; Karolina Nowacka; Maria Dynowska; Monika Urbaniak; Łukasz Stępień. 2021. "Dishwashers as an Extreme Environment of Potentially Pathogenic Yeast Species." Pathogens 10, no. 4: 446.
Most of the fungi from the Fusarium genus are pathogenic to cereals, vegetables, and fruits and the products of their secondary metabolism mycotoxins may accumulate in foods and feeds. Non-ribosomal cyclodepsipeptides are one of the main mycotoxin groups and include beauvericins (BEAs), enniatins (ENNs), and beauvenniatins (BEAEs). When ingested, even small amounts of these metabolites significantly affect human and animal health. On the other hand, in view of their antimicrobial activities and cytotoxicity, they may be used as components in drug discovery and processing and are considered as suitable candidates for anti-cancer drugs. Therefore, it is crucial to expand the existing knowledge about cyclodepsipeptides and to search for new analogues of these compounds. The present manuscript aimed to highlight the extensive variability of cyclodepsipeptides by describing chemistry, biosynthesis, and occurrence of BEAs, ENNs, and BEAEs in foods and feeds. Moreover, the co-occurrence of Fusarium species was compared to the amounts of toxins in crops, vegetables, and fruits from different regions of the world.
Monika Urbaniak; Agnieszka Waśkiewicz; Łukasz Stępień. Fusarium Cyclodepsipeptide Mycotoxins: Chemistry, Biosynthesis, and Occurrence. Toxins 2020, 12, 765 .
AMA StyleMonika Urbaniak, Agnieszka Waśkiewicz, Łukasz Stępień. Fusarium Cyclodepsipeptide Mycotoxins: Chemistry, Biosynthesis, and Occurrence. Toxins. 2020; 12 (12):765.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMonika Urbaniak; Agnieszka Waśkiewicz; Łukasz Stępień. 2020. "Fusarium Cyclodepsipeptide Mycotoxins: Chemistry, Biosynthesis, and Occurrence." Toxins 12, no. 12: 765.
Beauvericin (BEA) is a cyclodepsipeptide mycotoxin, showing insecticidal, antibiotic and antimicrobial activities, as well as inducing apoptosis of cancer cell lines. BEA can be produced by multiple fungal species, including saprotrophs, plant, insect and human pathogens, particularly belonging to Fusarium, Beauveria and Isaria genera. The ability of Trichoderma species to produce BEA was until now uncertain. Biosynthesis of BEA is governed by a non-ribosomal peptide synthase (NRPS), known as beauvericin synthase (BEAS), which appears to present considerable divergence among different fungal species. In the present study we compared the production of beauvericin among Fusarium and Trichoderma strains using UPLC methods. BEAS fragments were sequenced and analyzed to examine the level of the gene’s divergence between these two genera and confirm the presence of active BEAS copy in Trichoderma. Seventeen strains of twelve species were studied and phylogenetic analysis showed distinctive grouping of Fusarium and Trichoderma strains. The highest producers of beauvericin were F. proliferatum and F. nygamai. Trichoderma strains of three species (T. atroviride, T. viride, T. koningiopsis) were minor BEA producers. The study showed beauvericin production by Fusarium and Trichoderma species and high variance of the non-ribosomal peptide synthase gene among fungal species from the Hypocreales order.
Monika Urbaniak; Agnieszka Waśkiewicz; Grzegorz Koczyk; Lidia Błaszczyk; Łukasz Stępień. Divergence of Beauvericin Synthase Gene among Fusarium and Trichoderma Species. Journal of Fungi 2020, 6, 288 .
AMA StyleMonika Urbaniak, Agnieszka Waśkiewicz, Grzegorz Koczyk, Lidia Błaszczyk, Łukasz Stępień. Divergence of Beauvericin Synthase Gene among Fusarium and Trichoderma Species. Journal of Fungi. 2020; 6 (4):288.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMonika Urbaniak; Agnieszka Waśkiewicz; Grzegorz Koczyk; Lidia Błaszczyk; Łukasz Stępień. 2020. "Divergence of Beauvericin Synthase Gene among Fusarium and Trichoderma Species." Journal of Fungi 6, no. 4: 288.
Fungi from the Hypocreales order synthesize a range of toxic non-ribosomal cyclic peptides with antimicrobial, insecticidal and cytotoxic activities. Entomopathogenic Beauveria, Isaria and Cordyceps as well as phytopathogenic Fusarium spp. are known producers of beauvericins (BEAs), beauvenniatins (BEAEs) or enniatins (ENNs). The compounds are synthesized by beauvericin/enniatin synthase (BEAS/ESYN1), which shows significant sequence divergence among Hypocreales members. We investigated ENN, BEA and BEAE production among entomopathogenic (Beauveria, Cordyceps, Isaria) and phytopathogenic (Fusarium) fungi; BEA and ENNs were quantified using an LC-MS/MS method. Phylogenetic analysis of partial sequences of putative BEAS/ESYN1 amplicons was also made. Nineteen fungal strains were identified based on sequence analysis of amplified ITS and tef-1α regions. BEA was produced by all investigated fungi, with F. proliferatum and F. concentricum being the most efficient producers. ENNs were synthesized mostly by F. acuminatum, F. avenaceum and C. confragosa. The phylogeny reconstruction suggests that ancestral BEA biosynthesis independently diverged into biosynthesis of other compounds. The divergent positioning of three Fusarium isolates raises the possibility of parallel acquisition of cyclic depsipeptide synthases in ancient complexes within Fusarium genus. Different fungi have independently evolved NRPS genes involved in depsipeptide biosynthesis, with functional adaptation towards biosynthesis of overlapping yet diversified metabolite profiles.
Monika Urbaniak; Agnieszka Waśkiewicz; Artur Trzebny; Grzegorz Koczyk; Łukasz Stępień. Cyclodepsipeptide Biosynthesis in Hypocreales Fungi and Sequence Divergence of The Non-Ribosomal Peptide Synthase Genes. Pathogens 2020, 9, 552 .
AMA StyleMonika Urbaniak, Agnieszka Waśkiewicz, Artur Trzebny, Grzegorz Koczyk, Łukasz Stępień. Cyclodepsipeptide Biosynthesis in Hypocreales Fungi and Sequence Divergence of The Non-Ribosomal Peptide Synthase Genes. Pathogens. 2020; 9 (7):552.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMonika Urbaniak; Agnieszka Waśkiewicz; Artur Trzebny; Grzegorz Koczyk; Łukasz Stępień. 2020. "Cyclodepsipeptide Biosynthesis in Hypocreales Fungi and Sequence Divergence of The Non-Ribosomal Peptide Synthase Genes." Pathogens 9, no. 7: 552.
Investigating the in vitro fumonisin biosynthesis and the genetic structure of Fusarium verticillioides populations can provide important insights into the relationships between strains originating from various world regions. In this study, 90 F. verticillioides strains isolated from maize in five Mediterranean countries (Italy, Spain, Tunisia, Egypt and Iran) were analyzed to investigate their ability to in vitro biosynthesize fumonisin B1, fumonisin B2 and fumonisin B3 and to characterize their genetic profile. In general, 80% of the analyzed strains were able to biosynthesize fumonisins (range 0.03–69.84 μg/g). Populations from Italy, Spain, Tunisia and Iran showed a similar percentage of fumonisin producing strains (>90%); conversely, the Egyptian population showed a lower level of producing strains (46%). Significant differences in fumonisin biosynthesis were detected among strains isolated in the same country and among strains isolated from different countries. A portion of the divergent FUM1 gene and of intergenic regions FUM6-FUM7 and FUM7-FUM8 were sequenced to evaluate strain diversity among populations. A high level of genetic uniformity inside the populations analyzed was detected. Apparently, neither geographical origin nor fumonisin production ability were correlated to the genetic diversity of the strain set. However, four strains from Egypt differed from the remaining strains.
Giovanni Beccari; Łukasz Stępień; Andrea Onofri; Veronica M. T. Lattanzio; Biancamaria Ciasca; Sally I. Abd-El Fatah; Francesco Valente; Monika Urbaniak; Lorenzo Covarelli. In Vitro Fumonisin Biosynthesis and Genetic Structure of Fusarium verticillioides Strains from Five Mediterranean Countries. Microorganisms 2020, 8, 241 .
AMA StyleGiovanni Beccari, Łukasz Stępień, Andrea Onofri, Veronica M. T. Lattanzio, Biancamaria Ciasca, Sally I. Abd-El Fatah, Francesco Valente, Monika Urbaniak, Lorenzo Covarelli. In Vitro Fumonisin Biosynthesis and Genetic Structure of Fusarium verticillioides Strains from Five Mediterranean Countries. Microorganisms. 2020; 8 (2):241.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGiovanni Beccari; Łukasz Stępień; Andrea Onofri; Veronica M. T. Lattanzio; Biancamaria Ciasca; Sally I. Abd-El Fatah; Francesco Valente; Monika Urbaniak; Lorenzo Covarelli. 2020. "In Vitro Fumonisin Biosynthesis and Genetic Structure of Fusarium verticillioides Strains from Five Mediterranean Countries." Microorganisms 8, no. 2: 241.
Beauvericin is a depsipeptide mycotoxin. The production of several beauvericin analogues has previously been shown among various genera among Hypocreales fungi. This includes so-called beauvenniatins, in which one or more N-methyl-phenylalanine residues is exchanged with other amino acids. In addition, a range of "unnatural" beauvericins has been prepared by a precursor addition to growth medium. Our aim was to get insight into the natural production of beauvericin analogues among different Hypocreales fungi, such as Fusarium and Isaria spp. In addition to beauvericin, we tentatively identified six earlier described analogues in the extracts; these were beauvericin A and/or its structural isomer beauvericin F, beauvericin C, beauvericin J, beauvericin D, and beauvenniatin A. Other analogues contained at least one additional oxygen atom. We show that the additional oxygen atom(s) were due to the presence of one to three N-methyl-tyrosine moieties in the depsipeptide molecules by using different liquid chromatography⁻mass spectrometry-based approaches. In addition, we also tentatively identified a beauvenniatin that contained N-methyl-leucine, which we named beauvenniatin L. This compound has not been reported before. Our data show that N-methyl-tyrosine containing beauvericins may be among the major naturally produced analogues in certain fungal strains.
Monika Urbaniak; Łukasz Stępień; Silvio Uhlig. Evidence for Naturally Produced Beauvericins Containing N-Methyl-Tyrosine in Hypocreales Fungi. Toxins 2019, 11, 182 .
AMA StyleMonika Urbaniak, Łukasz Stępień, Silvio Uhlig. Evidence for Naturally Produced Beauvericins Containing N-Methyl-Tyrosine in Hypocreales Fungi. Toxins. 2019; 11 (3):182.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMonika Urbaniak; Łukasz Stępień; Silvio Uhlig. 2019. "Evidence for Naturally Produced Beauvericins Containing N-Methyl-Tyrosine in Hypocreales Fungi." Toxins 11, no. 3: 182.
Beauveria bassiana is an entomopathogenic fungus used as a biological control agent. It is a well-known biocatalyst for the transformation of steroid compounds. Hydroxylations at the 7α or 11α position and oxidation to D-homo lactones are described in the literature. In our study, we examined the diversity of metabolism of five different B. bassiana strains and compared them to already known pathways. According to the literature, 7α and 11α-hydroxy derivatives as well as 3β,11α-dihydroxy-17a-oxa-D-homo-androst-5-en-17-one have been observed. Here we describe new DHEA metabolic pathways and two products not described before: 3β-hydroxy-17a-oxa-D-homo-androst-5-en-7,17-dione and 3β,11α-dihydroxyandrost-5-en-7,17-dione. We also used for the first time another species from this genus, Beauveria caledonica, for steroid transformation. DHEA was hydroxylated at the 7α, 7β and 11α positions and then reactions of oxidation and reduction leading to 3β,11α-dihydroxyandrost-5-en-7,17-dione were observed. All tested strains from the Beauveria genus effectively transformed the steroid substrate using several different enzymes, resulting in cascade transformation.
Ewa Kozłowska; Monika Urbaniak; Natalia Hoc; Jakub Grzeszczuk; Monika Dymarska; Łukasz Stępień; Elżbieta Pląskowska; Edyta Kostrzewa-Susłow; Tomasz Janeczko. Cascade biotransformation of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) by Beauveria species. Scientific Reports 2018, 8, 13449 .
AMA StyleEwa Kozłowska, Monika Urbaniak, Natalia Hoc, Jakub Grzeszczuk, Monika Dymarska, Łukasz Stępień, Elżbieta Pląskowska, Edyta Kostrzewa-Susłow, Tomasz Janeczko. Cascade biotransformation of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) by Beauveria species. Scientific Reports. 2018; 8 (1):13449.
Chicago/Turabian StyleEwa Kozłowska; Monika Urbaniak; Natalia Hoc; Jakub Grzeszczuk; Monika Dymarska; Łukasz Stępień; Elżbieta Pląskowska; Edyta Kostrzewa-Susłow; Tomasz Janeczko. 2018. "Cascade biotransformation of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) by Beauveria species." Scientific Reports 8, no. 1: 13449.
Microbial safety is an important factor contributing to the egg quality. During egg acquisition, there is significant risk of contamination of the eggshell surface with microscopic fungi. Mycelial hyphae may grow on the eggshell surface and penetrate into the egg content. However, there is no information on the populations of microscopic fungi on the eggshell surface and, consequently, on possible production of mycotoxins. Therefore, the aim of the study was to identify the species of microscopic fungi present on the eggshell surface acquired from different breeding systems and to measure the number of selected mycotoxins. The qualitative analysis resulted in the identification of 41 isolates on the surface of eggs. There were 7 isolates from the organic production system, 11 from the free-range production system, 14 from the deep litter indoor housing system and 9 from the cage farming production system. The research proved that the diversification in the population of mycobiota on the eggshells depended on the egg-laying hen breeding system. The microscopic fungi isolated from the eggshells included toxigenic and pathogenic species such as Fusarium culmorum and F. equiseti. As the egg storage time increased, fungi, including the pathogenic species, penetrated through the eggshells. In consequence, mycotoxins were identified in the egg whites. Type-A and type-B trichothecenes were found in the eggshell samples containing F. culmorum.
Łukasz Tomczyk; Łukasz Stępień; Monika Urbaniak; Tomasz Szablewski; Renata Cegielska-Radziejewska; Kinga Stuper-Szablewska. Characterisation of the Mycobiota on the Shell Surface of Table Eggs Acquired from Different Egg-Laying Hen Breeding Systems. Toxins 2018, 10, 293 .
AMA StyleŁukasz Tomczyk, Łukasz Stępień, Monika Urbaniak, Tomasz Szablewski, Renata Cegielska-Radziejewska, Kinga Stuper-Szablewska. Characterisation of the Mycobiota on the Shell Surface of Table Eggs Acquired from Different Egg-Laying Hen Breeding Systems. Toxins. 2018; 10 (7):293.
Chicago/Turabian StyleŁukasz Tomczyk; Łukasz Stępień; Monika Urbaniak; Tomasz Szablewski; Renata Cegielska-Radziejewska; Kinga Stuper-Szablewska. 2018. "Characterisation of the Mycobiota on the Shell Surface of Table Eggs Acquired from Different Egg-Laying Hen Breeding Systems." Toxins 10, no. 7: 293.
Steroid compounds are very interesting substrates for biotransformation due to their high biological activity and a high number of inactivated carbons which make chemical modification difficult. Microbial transformation can involve reactions which are complicated and uneconomical in chemical synthesis, and searching for a new effective biocatalyst is necessary. The best known entomopathogenic species used in steroid modification is Beauveria bassiana. In this study we tested the ability of Isaria farinosa, another entomopathogenic species, to transform several steroids. Twelve strains of the entomopathogenic filamentous fungus Isaria farinosa, collected in abandoned mines located in the area of the Lower Silesian Voivodeship, Poland, from insects’ bodies covered by fungus, were used as a biocatalyst. All the tested strains effectively transformed dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA). We observed 7α- and 7β-hydroxy derivatives as well as changes in the percentage composition of the emerging products. Due to the similar metabolism of DHEA in all tested strains, one of them was selected for further investigation. In the culture of the selected strain, Isaria farinosa KCh KW1.1, transformations of androstenediol, androstenedione, adrenosterone, 17α-methyltestosterone, 17β-hydroxyandrost-1,4,6-triene-3-one and progesterone were performed. All the substrates were hydroxylated with high yield and stereoselectivity. We obtained 6β-hydroxyandrost-4-ene-3,11,17-trione, 15α,17β-dihydroxy-6β,7β-epoxyandrost-1,4-diene-3-one and 6β,11α-dihydroxyprogesterone. There is no evidence of either earlier microbial transformation of 17β-hydroxyandrost-1,4,6-triene-3-one or new epoxy derivatives. Isaria farinosa has a broad spectrum of highly effective steroid hydroxylases. The obtained 7-hydroxydehydroepiandrosterone has proven high biological activity and can be used in Alzheimer’s disease and as a key intermediate in the synthesis of aldosterone antagonists. Transformation of progesterone leads to high yield of 6β,11α-dihydroxyprogesterone and it is worth further study.
Ewa Kozłowska; Natalia Hoc; Jordan Sycz; Monika Urbaniak; Monika Dymarska; Jakub Grzeszczuk; Edyta Kostrzewa-Susłow; Łukasz Stępień; Elżbieta Pląskowska; Tomasz Janeczko. Biotransformation of steroids by entomopathogenic strains of Isaria farinosa. Microbial Cell Factories 2018, 17, 1 -11.
AMA StyleEwa Kozłowska, Natalia Hoc, Jordan Sycz, Monika Urbaniak, Monika Dymarska, Jakub Grzeszczuk, Edyta Kostrzewa-Susłow, Łukasz Stępień, Elżbieta Pląskowska, Tomasz Janeczko. Biotransformation of steroids by entomopathogenic strains of Isaria farinosa. Microbial Cell Factories. 2018; 17 (1):1-11.
Chicago/Turabian StyleEwa Kozłowska; Natalia Hoc; Jordan Sycz; Monika Urbaniak; Monika Dymarska; Jakub Grzeszczuk; Edyta Kostrzewa-Susłow; Łukasz Stępień; Elżbieta Pląskowska; Tomasz Janeczko. 2018. "Biotransformation of steroids by entomopathogenic strains of Isaria farinosa." Microbial Cell Factories 17, no. 1: 1-11.
Monika Urbaniak; Wioletta Przystaś; Ewa Zablocka-Godlewska; Lukasz Stepien; Grzegorz Janusz. Decolorization of azo and triphenylmethane dyes by MW113 Beauveria bassiana strain. Desalination and Water Treatment 2018, 136, 422 -432.
AMA StyleMonika Urbaniak, Wioletta Przystaś, Ewa Zablocka-Godlewska, Lukasz Stepien, Grzegorz Janusz. Decolorization of azo and triphenylmethane dyes by MW113 Beauveria bassiana strain. Desalination and Water Treatment. 2018; 136 ():422-432.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMonika Urbaniak; Wioletta Przystaś; Ewa Zablocka-Godlewska; Lukasz Stepien; Grzegorz Janusz. 2018. "Decolorization of azo and triphenylmethane dyes by MW113 Beauveria bassiana strain." Desalination and Water Treatment 136, no. : 422-432.
Durum wheat (Triticum turgidum var. durum) is an important crop in Europe, particularly in the Mediterranean countries. Fusarium head blight (FHB) is considered as one of the most damaging diseases, resulting in yield and quality reduction as well as contamination of grain with mycotoxins. Three winter durum wheat cultivars originating from Austria, Slovakia, and Poland were analyzed during 2012–2014 seasons for FHB incidence and Fusarium mycotoxin accumulation in harvested grain. Moreover, the effects of sowing density and delayed sowing date were evaluated in the climatic conditions of Southern Poland. Low disease severity was observed in 2011/2012 in all durum wheat cultivars analyzed, and high FHB occurrence was recorded in 2012/2013 and 2013/2014 seasons. Fusarium graminearum was the most abundant pathogen, followed by Fusarium avenaceum. Through all three seasons, cultivar Komnata was the most susceptible to FHB and to mycotoxin accumulation, while cultivars Auradur and IS Pentadur showed less symptoms. High susceptibility of cv. Komnata was reflected by the number of Fusarium isolates and elevated mycotoxin (deoxynivalenol, zearalenone, and moniliformin) content in the grain of this cultivar across all three seasons. Nivalenol was identified in the samples of cv. Komnata only. Genotype-dependent differences in FHB susceptibility were observed for the plants sown at optimal date but not at delayed sowing date. It can be hypothesized that cultivars bred in Austria and Slovakia show less susceptibility towards FHB than the cultivar from Poland because of the environmental conditions allowing for more efficient selection of breeding materials.
Anna Gorczyca; Andrzej Oleksy; Dorota Gala-Czekaj; Monika Urbaniak; Magdalena Laskowska; Agnieszka Waśkiewicz; Łukasz Stępień. Fusarium head blight incidence and mycotoxin accumulation in three durum wheat cultivars in relation to sowing date and density. Naturwissenschaften 2017, 105, 1 -11.
AMA StyleAnna Gorczyca, Andrzej Oleksy, Dorota Gala-Czekaj, Monika Urbaniak, Magdalena Laskowska, Agnieszka Waśkiewicz, Łukasz Stępień. Fusarium head blight incidence and mycotoxin accumulation in three durum wheat cultivars in relation to sowing date and density. Naturwissenschaften. 2017; 105 (1):1-11.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAnna Gorczyca; Andrzej Oleksy; Dorota Gala-Czekaj; Monika Urbaniak; Magdalena Laskowska; Agnieszka Waśkiewicz; Łukasz Stępień. 2017. "Fusarium head blight incidence and mycotoxin accumulation in three durum wheat cultivars in relation to sowing date and density." Naturwissenschaften 105, no. 1: 1-11.
Entomopathogenic fungi are known for their ability to carry out glycosylation of flavonoids, which usually results in the improvement of their stability and bioavailability. In this study we used a newly isolated strain of the entomopathogenic filamentous fungus Isaria fumosorosea KCH J2 as a biocatalyst. Our aim was to evaluate its ability to carry out the biotransformation of flavonoids and to obtain new flavonoid derivatives. The fungus was isolated from a spider’s carcass and molecularly identified using analysis of the ITS1-ITS2 rDNA sequence. As a result of biotransformation of 6-methylflavone two new products were obtained: 6-methylflavone 8-O-β-D-(4”-O-methyl)-glucopyranoside and 6-methylflavone 4’-O-β-D-(4”-O-methyl)-glucopyranoside. Chemical structures of the products were determined based on spectroscopic methods (1H NMR, 13C NMR, COSY, HMBC, HSQC). Our research allowed us to discover a new species of filamentous fungus capable of carrying out glycosylation reactions and proved that I. fumosorosea KCH J2 is an effective biocatalyst for glycosylation of flavonoid compounds. For the first time we describe biotransformations of 6-methylflavone and the attachment of the sugar unit to the flavonoid substrate having no hydroxyl group. The possibility of using flavonoid aglycones is often limited by their low bioavailability due to poor solubility in water. The incorporation of a sugar unit improves the physical properties of tested compounds and thus increases the chance of using them as pharmaceuticals.
Monika Dymarska; Jakub Grzeszczuk; Monika Urbaniak; Tomasz Janeczko; Elżbieta Pląskowska; Łukasz Stępień; Edyta Kostrzewa-Susłow. Glycosylation of 6-methylflavone by the strain Isaria fumosorosea KCH J2. PLoS ONE 2017, 12, e0184885 -e0184885.
AMA StyleMonika Dymarska, Jakub Grzeszczuk, Monika Urbaniak, Tomasz Janeczko, Elżbieta Pląskowska, Łukasz Stępień, Edyta Kostrzewa-Susłow. Glycosylation of 6-methylflavone by the strain Isaria fumosorosea KCH J2. PLoS ONE. 2017; 12 (10):e0184885-e0184885.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMonika Dymarska; Jakub Grzeszczuk; Monika Urbaniak; Tomasz Janeczko; Elżbieta Pląskowska; Łukasz Stępień; Edyta Kostrzewa-Susłow. 2017. "Glycosylation of 6-methylflavone by the strain Isaria fumosorosea KCH J2." PLoS ONE 12, no. 10: e0184885-e0184885.
Fusarium proliferatum is a world-wide occurring fungal pathogen affecting several crops included garlic bulbs. In Spain, this is the most frequent pathogenic fungus associated with garlic rot during storage. Moreover, F. proliferatum is an important mycotoxigenic species, producing a broad range of toxins, which may pose a risk for food safety. The aim of this study is to assess the intraspecific variability of the garlic pathogen in Spain implied by analyses of translation elongation factor (tef-1α) and FUM1 gene sequences as well as the differences in growth rates. Phylogenetic characterization has been complemented with the characterization of mating type alleles as well as the species potential as a toxin producer. Phylogenetic trees based on the sequence of the translation elongation factor and FUM1 genes from seventy nine isolates from garlic revealed a considerable intraspecific variability as well as high level of diversity in growth speed. Based on the MAT alleles amplified by PCR, F. proliferatum isolates were separated into different groups on both trees. All isolates collected from garlic in Spain proved to be fumonisin B1, B2, and B3 producers. Quantitative analyses of fumonisins, beauvericin and moniliformin (common secondary metabolites of F. proliferatum) showed no correlation with phylogenetic analysis neither mycelial growth. This pathogen presents a high intraspecific variability within the same geographical region and host, which is necessary to be considered in the management of the disease.
Laura Gálvez; Monika Urbaniak; Agnieszka Waśkiewicz; Łukasz Stępień; Daniel Palmero. Fusarium proliferatum – Causal agent of garlic bulb rot in Spain: Genetic variability and mycotoxin production. Food Microbiology 2017, 67, 41 -48.
AMA StyleLaura Gálvez, Monika Urbaniak, Agnieszka Waśkiewicz, Łukasz Stępień, Daniel Palmero. Fusarium proliferatum – Causal agent of garlic bulb rot in Spain: Genetic variability and mycotoxin production. Food Microbiology. 2017; 67 ():41-48.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLaura Gálvez; Monika Urbaniak; Agnieszka Waśkiewicz; Łukasz Stępień; Daniel Palmero. 2017. "Fusarium proliferatum – Causal agent of garlic bulb rot in Spain: Genetic variability and mycotoxin production." Food Microbiology 67, no. : 41-48.
Study on the ability of selected filamentous fungus species to transform dehydroepiandrosterone was performed (DHEA) and interesting DHEA derivatives were obtained with high yield.
Ewa Kozłowska; Monika Urbaniak; Anna Kancelista; Monika Dymarska; Edyta Kostrzewa-Susłow; Łukasz Stępień; Tomasz Janeczko. Biotransformation of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) by environmental strains of filamentous fungi. RSC Advances 2017, 7, 31493 -31501.
AMA StyleEwa Kozłowska, Monika Urbaniak, Anna Kancelista, Monika Dymarska, Edyta Kostrzewa-Susłow, Łukasz Stępień, Tomasz Janeczko. Biotransformation of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) by environmental strains of filamentous fungi. RSC Advances. 2017; 7 (50):31493-31501.
Chicago/Turabian StyleEwa Kozłowska; Monika Urbaniak; Anna Kancelista; Monika Dymarska; Edyta Kostrzewa-Susłow; Łukasz Stępień; Tomasz Janeczko. 2017. "Biotransformation of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) by environmental strains of filamentous fungi." RSC Advances 7, no. 50: 31493-31501.
The present study examined Polish strains of Flamulina velutipes as a potential source of nutraceuticals and found that their nutritional value is dependent on the fruiting bodies gathering time. To prove the above hypothesis protein, carbohydrate and phenolic substances concentration were determined. Moreover, catalase, superoxide dismutase, cellobiose dehydrogenase activities were assayed. In order to prove the healing properties of Enoki fruiting bodies the obtained extracts were tested for antioxidant and bacteriostatic abilities. We have proved that Polish F. velutipes fruiting bodies may be a rich source of antioxidants and that they are capable of inhibiting Staphylococcus aureus growth.
Monika Osinska-Jaroszuk; Magdalena Jaszek; Justyna Sulej; Dawid Stefaniuk; Monika Urbaniak; Marek Siwulski; Grzegorz Janusz. Complex Biochemical Analysis of Fruiting Bodies from Newly Isolated Polish Flammulina velutipes Strains. Polish Journal of Microbiology 2016, 65, 295 -305.
AMA StyleMonika Osinska-Jaroszuk, Magdalena Jaszek, Justyna Sulej, Dawid Stefaniuk, Monika Urbaniak, Marek Siwulski, Grzegorz Janusz. Complex Biochemical Analysis of Fruiting Bodies from Newly Isolated Polish Flammulina velutipes Strains. Polish Journal of Microbiology. 2016; 65 (3):295-305.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMonika Osinska-Jaroszuk; Magdalena Jaszek; Justyna Sulej; Dawid Stefaniuk; Monika Urbaniak; Marek Siwulski; Grzegorz Janusz. 2016. "Complex Biochemical Analysis of Fruiting Bodies from Newly Isolated Polish Flammulina velutipes Strains." Polish Journal of Microbiology 65, no. 3: 295-305.
Asparagus officinalis L. is an important crop in many European countries, likely infected by a number of Fusarium species. Most of them produce mycotoxins in plant tissues, thus affecting the physiology of the host plant. However, there is lack of information on Fusarium communities in wild asparagus, where they would definitely have considerable environmental significance. Therefore, the main scientific aim of this study was to identify the Fusarium species and quantify their typical mycotoxins present in wild asparagus plants collected at four time points of the season. Forty-four Fusarium strains of eight species—Fusarium acuminatum, Fusarium avenaceum, Fusarium culmorum, Fusarium equiseti, Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium proliferatum, Fusarium sporotrichioides, and Fusarium tricinctum—were isolated from nine wild asparagus plants in 2013 season. It is the first report of F. sporotrichioides isolated from this particular host. Fumonisin B1 was the most abundant mycotoxin, and the highest concentrations of fumonisins B1–B3 and beauvericin were found in the spears collected in May. Moniliformin and enniatins were quantified at lower concentrations. Mycotoxins synthesized by individual strains obtained from infected asparagus tissues were assessed using in vitro cultures on sterile rice grain. Most of the F. sporotrichioides strains synthesized HT-2 toxin and F. equiseti strains were found to be effective zearalenone producers.
Łukasz Stępień; Agnieszka Waśkiewicz; Monika Urbaniak. Wildly Growing Asparagus (Asparagus officinalis L.) Hosts Pathogenic Fusarium Species and Accumulates Their Mycotoxins. Microbial Ecology 2015, 71, 927 -937.
AMA StyleŁukasz Stępień, Agnieszka Waśkiewicz, Monika Urbaniak. Wildly Growing Asparagus (Asparagus officinalis L.) Hosts Pathogenic Fusarium Species and Accumulates Their Mycotoxins. Microbial Ecology. 2015; 71 (4):927-937.
Chicago/Turabian StyleŁukasz Stępień; Agnieszka Waśkiewicz; Monika Urbaniak. 2015. "Wildly Growing Asparagus (Asparagus officinalis L.) Hosts Pathogenic Fusarium Species and Accumulates Their Mycotoxins." Microbial Ecology 71, no. 4: 927-937.