The influence of current and voltage harmonics in the power quality of electrical facilities is currently an important topic in discussion. Considering that in Voltage Source Converter (VSC) applications it is common to utilize resonant controllers to mitigate characteristic current harmonics, this work proposes a methodology to allow the tuning of resonant controllers through a power quality criterion during the design process, enabling the designer to select between harmonic content and stability. The disturbance rejection model that relates the output harmonic currents with the grid voltage harmonics is utilized as basis for the methodology, also providing an analytical calculation of the resonant controller gain according to the imposed harmonic limitations, both for VSCs with regular L as with LCL output filters. Simulations and experiments validate the proposal.
This paper proposes a technical methodology to decarbonize an isolated low-inertia system with the integration of a Renewable Energy Source (RES) and a Battery Energy Storage System (BESS). The proposal focuses on frequency support during contingencies, especially in terms of Synthetic Inertia (SI), for the Wind Power Plant (WPP), and Fast Frequency Response (FFR), for the BESS, allowing for a consistent decarbonization strategy throughout the operation. In particular, the BESS is analytically designed to provide the desired FFR for a contingency situation, allowing the Rate of Change of Frequency (RoCoF) of the system to be mitigated according to a design criterion that only requires the grid inertia and rated parameters, without relying on complex formulations or optimization methods. It is observed that the established design criterion is conservative and the enhancement in RoCoF values is above the expected. Furthermore, the synthetic inertia of the wind power plant can have an individual limited impact on the system’s RoCoF due to design and power ramping time, while the fast frequency response of the BESS has an additional impact due to the lack of power ramping requirements. Real-time simulation results validate the proposed methodology for an offshore industrial application within the Oil & Gas (O&G) industry.
This work presents a plug‐and‐play solution for voltage source converters controlled by proportional–integral controllers to automatically operate connected to a previously unknown grid. The methodology consists of an initial operation using hysteresis band current control in order to synthesise harmonic currents, which are used for online grid parameter estimation, allowing the proper analytical tuning of the controllers using the grid's equivalent model. The method is firstly simulated and then validated through experimental results using Texas Instruments TMS320F28377S Digital Signal Processor and BOOSTXLDRV8305‐EVM static converter.
In the context of a microgrid, one of the challenges to be faced is the process of reconnection to the main grid after the islanding operation, making a previous synchronization between the point of common coupling and the grid's voltage necessary. In this paper, a control method is proposed in order to allow a smooth synchronization before the reconnection, minimizing transients that could affect the operation of sensible loads. The implementation of the algorithm was made in the TMS320F28377S microcontroller and tests were made through hardware-in-the-loop simulations, comparing firstly the proposed method and a non smooth synchronization one, showing the importance of a proper control, validating the proposal. Next, comparisons were made between the performances of the proposed method and the existing ones in the literature, pointing out their advantages and disadvantages.