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Jianjun Wu
Merchant Marine College, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai, China

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Research article
Published: 20 April 2021 in Journal of Transportation Safety & Security
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Modern navigation heavily relies on technology. A modern ship's bridge is a high-tech centre with various equipment, such as Radar/ARPA, Automatic Identification System (AIS), Electronic Chart Display and Information Systems (ECDIS), Global Positioning System (GPS), satellite communications, and so on. The ability to operate various maritime technologies is among the most important part of navigation officers’ knowhow. However, as any technology can be an error, there will be failure happen on maritime technologies, such as navigational sensors and computer-based bridge systems. As an unsafe behaviour, over-reliance on technologies in watch keeping may have disastrous consequences. This article analysed the relationship between safe navigation of a ship and an increasing reliance placed on technology by master and officers. It identified at which stage a reliance on technology becomes an over-reliance, and the major causes of this, such as insufficient training and fatigue. Finally, it examines the consequences of an over-reliance on technology and makes some proposals on how these consequences can be prevented.

ACS Style

Jianjun Wu; James Thorne-Large; Pengfei Zhang. Safety first: The risk of over-reliance on technology in navigation. Journal of Transportation Safety & Security 2021, 1 -28.

AMA Style

Jianjun Wu, James Thorne-Large, Pengfei Zhang. Safety first: The risk of over-reliance on technology in navigation. Journal of Transportation Safety & Security. 2021; ():1-28.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jianjun Wu; James Thorne-Large; Pengfei Zhang. 2021. "Safety first: The risk of over-reliance on technology in navigation." Journal of Transportation Safety & Security , no. : 1-28.

Journal article
Published: 13 February 2020 in Applied Sciences
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An approach based on the hidden Markov model (HMM) is proposed for risk performance reasoning (RPR) for the bauxite shipping process by Handy carriers. The unobservable (hidden) state process in the approach aims to model the underlying risk performance, while the observation process was formed from the time series of risk factors. Within the framework, the log-likelihood probability was used as the measure of similarity between historical and current data of risk reasoning factors. Based on scalar quantization regulation and risk performance quantization regulation, the RPR approach with different step sizes was conducted on the operational case, the performance of which was evaluated in terms of effectiveness and accuracy. The reasoning performance of the HMM was tested during the validation period using three simulated scenarios and one accident scenario. The results showed significant improvement in the reasoning capacity, and satisfactory performance for numerical risk reasoning and categorical performance reasoning. The proposed model is able to provide a reference for risk performance monitoring and threat pre-warning during the bauxite shipping process.

ACS Style

Jianjun Wu; Yongxing Jin; Shenping Hu; Jiangang Fei; Yuanqiang Zhang. Approach to Risk Performance Reasoning with Hidden Markov Model for Bauxite Shipping Process Safety by Handy Carriers. Applied Sciences 2020, 10, 1269 .

AMA Style

Jianjun Wu, Yongxing Jin, Shenping Hu, Jiangang Fei, Yuanqiang Zhang. Approach to Risk Performance Reasoning with Hidden Markov Model for Bauxite Shipping Process Safety by Handy Carriers. Applied Sciences. 2020; 10 (4):1269.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jianjun Wu; Yongxing Jin; Shenping Hu; Jiangang Fei; Yuanqiang Zhang. 2020. "Approach to Risk Performance Reasoning with Hidden Markov Model for Bauxite Shipping Process Safety by Handy Carriers." Applied Sciences 10, no. 4: 1269.

Journal article
Published: 18 April 2019 in Journal of Marine Science and Engineering
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China imports a large quantity of bauxite each year. Bauxite in fine particles with high moisture has a high risk of liquefaction during the maritime transportation process, which is harmful to the stability and safety of the carrier. To ensure safe shipping, it is necessary to pay attention to the effects of the operation of cargo, the ship’s maneuvering and the ocean environment during the whole transportation process. The simulation of the process risk helps to develop measures to intervene with the cargo behavior to keep the risk to an acceptable level. This study examined the transportation process of a bauxite carrier using the Markov Chain method at different stages of loading, unberthing, departure and sea navigation. Based on the risk transfer matrix of the operational status at different stages of transportation, a cloud simulation model was developed to analyze the transportation process risk of a ship carrying bulk bauxite. Results: the research revealed that the risk evolution rule of the solid bulk cargoes with potential liquefaction during the transportation process, especially bauxite. The risk alteration during the prophase of the transportation process conforms to the rule of the “spoon curve”. Conclusions: a simulation model of the process risk based on the Markov Chain Cloud is suitable for the simulation analysis of the transportation risk of the bulk bauxite carrier. The outcomes of this study may contribute to better safety management to prevent the occurrence of ship capsizing.

ACS Style

Jianjun Wu; Shenping Hu; Yongxing Jin; Jiangang Fei; Shanshan Fu. Performance Simulation of the Transportation Process Risk of Bauxite Carriers Based on the Markov Chain and Cloud Model. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 2019, 7, 108 .

AMA Style

Jianjun Wu, Shenping Hu, Yongxing Jin, Jiangang Fei, Shanshan Fu. Performance Simulation of the Transportation Process Risk of Bauxite Carriers Based on the Markov Chain and Cloud Model. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering. 2019; 7 (4):108.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jianjun Wu; Shenping Hu; Yongxing Jin; Jiangang Fei; Shanshan Fu. 2019. "Performance Simulation of the Transportation Process Risk of Bauxite Carriers Based on the Markov Chain and Cloud Model." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 7, no. 4: 108.

Journal article
Published: 01 September 2017 in Marine Policy
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ACS Style

Minghua Zhao; Lijuan Zhao; Pengfei Zhang; Jianjun Wu; Kate Pike; Emma Broadhurst. Chinese women seafarers: A case study of the women cadets in Shanghai. Marine Policy 2017, 83, 40 -47.

AMA Style

Minghua Zhao, Lijuan Zhao, Pengfei Zhang, Jianjun Wu, Kate Pike, Emma Broadhurst. Chinese women seafarers: A case study of the women cadets in Shanghai. Marine Policy. 2017; 83 ():40-47.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Minghua Zhao; Lijuan Zhao; Pengfei Zhang; Jianjun Wu; Kate Pike; Emma Broadhurst. 2017. "Chinese women seafarers: A case study of the women cadets in Shanghai." Marine Policy 83, no. : 40-47.