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The increased penetration of plug-in electric vehicles asks for efficient algorithms to be adopted in parking lots equipped with charging units. In this paper, the peak power minimization problem for a plug-in charging station is addressed. A chance constraint approach is adopted in order to minimize the daily peak power, allowing for a tolerance on the charging service customer satisfaction expressing the probability that a vehicle leaves the station violating the agreed level of charge. Numerical simulations are provided to evaluate the performance of the proposed approach as well as to make a comparison with other techniques.
Marco Casini; Antonio Vicino; Giovanni Gino Zanvettor. A chance constraint approach to peak mitigation in electric vehicle charging stations. Automatica 2021, 131, 109746 .
AMA StyleMarco Casini, Antonio Vicino, Giovanni Gino Zanvettor. A chance constraint approach to peak mitigation in electric vehicle charging stations. Automatica. 2021; 131 ():109746.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarco Casini; Antonio Vicino; Giovanni Gino Zanvettor. 2021. "A chance constraint approach to peak mitigation in electric vehicle charging stations." Automatica 131, no. : 109746.
Purpose This work deals with the application of a solidification/stabilization process with the aim to obtain safe and reusable granular materials from a polluted soil and to elucidate the mechanisms involved in the retention of several heavy metals. Materials and methods The High Performance Solidification/Stabilization (HPSS®) process was applied to the selected contaminated soil by using both ordinary Portland cement and calcium aluminate cement, as well as several binders prepared by combining these two types of cement in different proportions. Leaching and mechanical tests were carried out to evaluate the performances of the proposed binders in the pellets produced by the HPSS® process, while XRD analysis and SEM/EDX imaging were used to investigate the phase composition and internal microstructure of the treated samples. Result and discussion The examination of the obtained granular materials revealed that the immobilization of Sb was mainly related to its inclusion within calcium silicate hydrates’ structure; the immobilization of Cr, Pb, Ni, Co, Zn and Tl was associated with the eluate pH and their incorporation within ettringite structure, while for Se, Cu, Ba and V, the main retention mechanism was physical encapsulation. In addition, the application of a wet conditioning process improved the materials’ performance, leading to granules always satisfying the Italian regulatory requirements for reuse. Conclusions The findings obtained in this study were useful to better elucidate the mechanisms involved in the retention of heavy metals by several binders, contributing to the development of sustainable management strategies for contaminated soils and sediments through their transformation into reusable materials. Graphical abstract
Loris Calgaro; Silvia Contessi; Alessandro Bonetto; Elena Badetti; Giorgio Ferrari; Gilberto Artioli; Antonio Marcomini. Calcium aluminate cement as an alternative to ordinary Portland cement for the remediation of heavy metals contaminated soil: mechanisms and performance. Journal of Soils and Sediments 2021, 21, 1755 -1768.
AMA StyleLoris Calgaro, Silvia Contessi, Alessandro Bonetto, Elena Badetti, Giorgio Ferrari, Gilberto Artioli, Antonio Marcomini. Calcium aluminate cement as an alternative to ordinary Portland cement for the remediation of heavy metals contaminated soil: mechanisms and performance. Journal of Soils and Sediments. 2021; 21 (4):1755-1768.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLoris Calgaro; Silvia Contessi; Alessandro Bonetto; Elena Badetti; Giorgio Ferrari; Gilberto Artioli; Antonio Marcomini. 2021. "Calcium aluminate cement as an alternative to ordinary Portland cement for the remediation of heavy metals contaminated soil: mechanisms and performance." Journal of Soils and Sediments 21, no. 4: 1755-1768.
Cement-based stabilization is a widespread technique used for the treatment of contaminated soils. Despite its established application, the mechanisms involved in the stabilization of contaminants are not fully understood yet. This work aims to elucidate the fate of a real Pb contaminated soil amended with different binders, by studying Pb local environment prior and after the stabilization process. The study of a complex historically contaminated soil was coupled with the investigation of simplified artificial systems, developed to model Pb local structure in the unknown newly formed hybrid systems of soil and binders. The use of synchrotron-based element-specific X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) permitted to probe the actual transformation of Pb environment in the real contaminated soil after the stabilization process. With the support of the model systems, we can propose as the main mechanism involved in Pb retention in sulfated soil treated with cement, the incorporation and/or adsorption of Pb on calcium silicate hydrates and ettringite.
Silvia Contessi; Maria Chiara Dalconi; Simone Pollastri; Loris Calgaro; Carlo Meneghini; Giorgio Ferrari; Antonio Marcomini; Gilberto Artioli. Cement-stabilized contaminated soil: Understanding Pb retention with XANES and Raman spectroscopy. Science of The Total Environment 2021, 752, 141826 .
AMA StyleSilvia Contessi, Maria Chiara Dalconi, Simone Pollastri, Loris Calgaro, Carlo Meneghini, Giorgio Ferrari, Antonio Marcomini, Gilberto Artioli. Cement-stabilized contaminated soil: Understanding Pb retention with XANES and Raman spectroscopy. Science of The Total Environment. 2021; 752 ():141826.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSilvia Contessi; Maria Chiara Dalconi; Simone Pollastri; Loris Calgaro; Carlo Meneghini; Giorgio Ferrari; Antonio Marcomini; Gilberto Artioli. 2021. "Cement-stabilized contaminated soil: Understanding Pb retention with XANES and Raman spectroscopy." Science of The Total Environment 752, no. : 141826.
Benzotrifluoride (BTF) and its derivatives (BTFs) were found in the groundwater of the Veneto region (Italy) as a result of industrial contamination dating back to the 1970s. In the first survey, BTF and 6 BTFs were identified, out of which 4-chloro-3nitrobenzotrifluoride (3N4CBTF) was the only quantified analyte (concentration up to 1 mg L-1) and was used to trace the contamination plume. A survey carried out in 2008-2009 after the development of more suitable analytical procedures based on GC-MS, allowed to determine 4 new derivatives in addition to BTF and BTFs previously identified, with the most abundant compounds found at concentrations up to 11.9 μg L-1 and 7.2 μg L-1 respectively. A systematic monitoring program for the evaluation of persistence and distribution of fluorinated compounds was carried out in 2013-2018, and new data about the BTF and BTFs occurrence and distribution were gathered. Additional BTFs were identified and high concentrations of individual BTFs were recorded near the contamination source (e.g. 20.3 μg L-1 of 4-chloro-3-nitrobenzotrifluoride in 2017) as well as at large distance (e.g. 22.4 μg L-1 of 3N4CBTF and 12.5 μg L-1 of 4-chlorobenzotrifluoride in 2018). The results of BTFs monitoring campaigns carried out in 2008-2009 and 2017-2018 are compared and related to the historical data to assess the overall occurrence and distribution of BTFs contamination over a time range of ∼40 years. Remarkably, BTFs were still found (2018) at μg L-1 range. Spatial and temporal occurrence of BTF and BTFs in groundwater has been assessed for the first time.
Roberto Lava; Francesco Calore; Massimo Mazzola; Carlo Giovanni Moretto; Ugo Pretto; Paola Salmaso; Alessandro Bizzotto; Rosi Carvutto; Mauro Acerbi; Jgor Tommasi; Antonio Marcomini. Groundwater contamination by fluorinated aromatics: Benzotrifluoride and its derivatives. Chemosphere 2020, 265, 129029 .
AMA StyleRoberto Lava, Francesco Calore, Massimo Mazzola, Carlo Giovanni Moretto, Ugo Pretto, Paola Salmaso, Alessandro Bizzotto, Rosi Carvutto, Mauro Acerbi, Jgor Tommasi, Antonio Marcomini. Groundwater contamination by fluorinated aromatics: Benzotrifluoride and its derivatives. Chemosphere. 2020; 265 ():129029.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRoberto Lava; Francesco Calore; Massimo Mazzola; Carlo Giovanni Moretto; Ugo Pretto; Paola Salmaso; Alessandro Bizzotto; Rosi Carvutto; Mauro Acerbi; Jgor Tommasi; Antonio Marcomini. 2020. "Groundwater contamination by fluorinated aromatics: Benzotrifluoride and its derivatives." Chemosphere 265, no. : 129029.
The increasing penetration of plug-in electric vehicles in recent years asks for specific solutions concerning the charging policies to be used in parking lots equipped with charging stations. In fact, simple policies based on uncoordinated charge of vehicles lead, in general, to high peak power demand, which may cause high costs to the car park owner. In this paper, the problem of minimizing the daily peak power of a charging station is addressed. Three sources of uncertainty affect the incoming vehicles: the arrival time, the departure time and the demanded energy to be charged. To assess the quality of the charging service under such uncertainties, a suitable customer satisfaction policy is employed. Depending on the information available on the uncertain variables, two algorithms based on a receding horizon approach are designed. Such algorithms require the solution of linear programs and provide the charging power for each plugged-in vehicle. Numerical simulations are provided to assess performance and computational burden of the algorithms, showing the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed techniques.
Marco Casini; Antonio Vicino; Giovanni Gino Zanvettor. A receding horizon approach to peak power minimization for EV charging stations in the presence of uncertainty. International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems 2020, 126, 106567 .
AMA StyleMarco Casini, Antonio Vicino, Giovanni Gino Zanvettor. A receding horizon approach to peak power minimization for EV charging stations in the presence of uncertainty. International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems. 2020; 126 ():106567.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarco Casini; Antonio Vicino; Giovanni Gino Zanvettor. 2020. "A receding horizon approach to peak power minimization for EV charging stations in the presence of uncertainty." International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems 126, no. : 106567.
The convergence of nanotechnology and biotechnology has led to substantial advancements in nano-biomaterials (NBMs) used in medical devices (MD) and advanced therapy medicinal products (ATMP). However, there are concerns that applications of NBMs for medical diagnostics, therapeutics and regenerative medicine could also pose health and/or environmental risks since the current understanding of their safety is incomplete. A scientific strategy is therefore needed to assess all risks emerging along the life cycles of these products. To address this need, an overarching risk management framework (RMF) for NBMs used in MD and ATMP is presented in this paper, as a result of a collaborative effort of a team of experts within the EU Project BIORIMA and with relevant inputs from external stakeholders. The framework, in line with current regulatory requirements, is designed according to state-of-the-art approaches to risk assessment and management of both nanomaterials and biomaterials. The collection/generation of data for NBMs safety assessment is based on innovative integrated approaches to testing and assessment (IATA). The framework can support stakeholders (e.g., manufacturers, regulators, consultants) in systematically assessing not only patient safety but also occupational (including healthcare workers) and environmental risks along the life cycle of MD and ATMP. The outputs of the framework enable the user to identify suitable safe(r)-by-design alternatives and/or risk management measures and to compare the risks of NBMs to their (clinical) benefits, based on efficacy, quality and cost criteria, in order to inform robust risk management decision-making.
Elisa Giubilato; Virginia Cazzagon; Mónica J. B. Amorim; Magda Blosi; Jacques Bouillard; Hans Bouwmeester; Anna Luisa Costa; Bengt Fadeel; Teresa F. Fernandes; Carlos Fito; Marina Hauser; Antonio Marcomini; Bernd Nowack; Lisa Pizzol; Leagh Powell; Adriele Prina-Mello; Haralambos Sarimveis; Janeck James Scott-Fordsmand; Elena Semenzin; Burkhard Stahlmecke; Vicki Stone; Alexis Vignes; Terry Wilkins; Alex Zabeo; Lang Tran; Danail Hristozov. Risk Management Framework for Nano-Biomaterials Used in Medical Devices and Advanced Therapy Medicinal Products. Materials 2020, 13, 4532 .
AMA StyleElisa Giubilato, Virginia Cazzagon, Mónica J. B. Amorim, Magda Blosi, Jacques Bouillard, Hans Bouwmeester, Anna Luisa Costa, Bengt Fadeel, Teresa F. Fernandes, Carlos Fito, Marina Hauser, Antonio Marcomini, Bernd Nowack, Lisa Pizzol, Leagh Powell, Adriele Prina-Mello, Haralambos Sarimveis, Janeck James Scott-Fordsmand, Elena Semenzin, Burkhard Stahlmecke, Vicki Stone, Alexis Vignes, Terry Wilkins, Alex Zabeo, Lang Tran, Danail Hristozov. Risk Management Framework for Nano-Biomaterials Used in Medical Devices and Advanced Therapy Medicinal Products. Materials. 2020; 13 (20):4532.
Chicago/Turabian StyleElisa Giubilato; Virginia Cazzagon; Mónica J. B. Amorim; Magda Blosi; Jacques Bouillard; Hans Bouwmeester; Anna Luisa Costa; Bengt Fadeel; Teresa F. Fernandes; Carlos Fito; Marina Hauser; Antonio Marcomini; Bernd Nowack; Lisa Pizzol; Leagh Powell; Adriele Prina-Mello; Haralambos Sarimveis; Janeck James Scott-Fordsmand; Elena Semenzin; Burkhard Stahlmecke; Vicki Stone; Alexis Vignes; Terry Wilkins; Alex Zabeo; Lang Tran; Danail Hristozov. 2020. "Risk Management Framework for Nano-Biomaterials Used in Medical Devices and Advanced Therapy Medicinal Products." Materials 13, no. 20: 4532.
Nanotechnologies have reached maturity and market penetration that require nano‐specific changes in legislation and harmonization among legislation domains, such as the amendments to REACH for nanomaterials (NMs) which came into force in 2020. Thus, an assessment of the components and regulatory boundaries of NMs risk governance is timely, alongside related methods and tools, as part of the global efforts to optimise nanosafety and integrate it into product design processes, via Safe(r)‐by‐Design (SbD) concepts. This paper provides an overview of the state‐of‐the‐art regarding risk governance of NMs and lays out the theoretical basis for the development and implementation of an effective, trustworthy and transparent risk governance framework for NMs. The proposed framework enables continuous integration of the evolving state of the science, leverages best practice from contiguous disciplines and facilitates responsive re‐thinking of nanosafety governance to meet future needs. To achieve and operationalise such framework, a science‐based Risk Governance Council (RGC) for NMs is being developed. The framework will provide a toolkit for independent NMs' risk governance and integrates needs and views of stakeholders. An extension of this framework to relevant advanced materials and emerging technologies is also envisaged, in view of future foundations of risk research in Europe and globally.
Panagiotis Isigonis; Antreas Afantitis; Dalila Antunes; Alena Bartonova; Ali Beitollahi; Nils Bohmer; Evert Bouman; Qasim Chaudhry; Mihaela Roxana Cimpan; Emil Cimpan; Shareen Doak; Damien Dupin; Doreen Fedrigo; Valérie Fessard; Maciej Gromelski; Arno C. Gutleb; Sabina Halappanavar; Peter Hoet; Nina Jeliazkova; Stéphane Jomini; Sabine Lindner; Igor Linkov; Eleonora Marta Longhin; Iseult Lynch; Ineke Malsch; Antonio Marcomini; Espen Mariussen; Jesus M. De La Fuente; Georgia Melagraki; Finbarr Murphy; Michael Neaves; Rolf Packroff; Stefan Pfuhler; Tomasz Puzyn; Qamar Rahman; Elise Rundén Pran; Elena Semenzin; Tommaso Serchi; Christoph Steinbach; Benjamin Trump; Ivana Vinković Vrček; David Warheit; Mark R. Wiesner; Egon Willighagen; Maria Dusinska. Risk Governance of Emerging Technologies Demonstrated in Terms of its Applicability to Nanomaterials. Small 2020, 16, 1 .
AMA StylePanagiotis Isigonis, Antreas Afantitis, Dalila Antunes, Alena Bartonova, Ali Beitollahi, Nils Bohmer, Evert Bouman, Qasim Chaudhry, Mihaela Roxana Cimpan, Emil Cimpan, Shareen Doak, Damien Dupin, Doreen Fedrigo, Valérie Fessard, Maciej Gromelski, Arno C. Gutleb, Sabina Halappanavar, Peter Hoet, Nina Jeliazkova, Stéphane Jomini, Sabine Lindner, Igor Linkov, Eleonora Marta Longhin, Iseult Lynch, Ineke Malsch, Antonio Marcomini, Espen Mariussen, Jesus M. De La Fuente, Georgia Melagraki, Finbarr Murphy, Michael Neaves, Rolf Packroff, Stefan Pfuhler, Tomasz Puzyn, Qamar Rahman, Elise Rundén Pran, Elena Semenzin, Tommaso Serchi, Christoph Steinbach, Benjamin Trump, Ivana Vinković Vrček, David Warheit, Mark R. Wiesner, Egon Willighagen, Maria Dusinska. Risk Governance of Emerging Technologies Demonstrated in Terms of its Applicability to Nanomaterials. Small. 2020; 16 (36):1.
Chicago/Turabian StylePanagiotis Isigonis; Antreas Afantitis; Dalila Antunes; Alena Bartonova; Ali Beitollahi; Nils Bohmer; Evert Bouman; Qasim Chaudhry; Mihaela Roxana Cimpan; Emil Cimpan; Shareen Doak; Damien Dupin; Doreen Fedrigo; Valérie Fessard; Maciej Gromelski; Arno C. Gutleb; Sabina Halappanavar; Peter Hoet; Nina Jeliazkova; Stéphane Jomini; Sabine Lindner; Igor Linkov; Eleonora Marta Longhin; Iseult Lynch; Ineke Malsch; Antonio Marcomini; Espen Mariussen; Jesus M. De La Fuente; Georgia Melagraki; Finbarr Murphy; Michael Neaves; Rolf Packroff; Stefan Pfuhler; Tomasz Puzyn; Qamar Rahman; Elise Rundén Pran; Elena Semenzin; Tommaso Serchi; Christoph Steinbach; Benjamin Trump; Ivana Vinković Vrček; David Warheit; Mark R. Wiesner; Egon Willighagen; Maria Dusinska. 2020. "Risk Governance of Emerging Technologies Demonstrated in Terms of its Applicability to Nanomaterials." Small 16, no. 36: 1.
Direct evidence for the intentional processing of starch-rich plants during the Paleolithic is scant, and that evidence is often compromised by concerns over preservation and contamination. Our integrated, multimodal approach couples wear-trace analysis with chemical imaging methods to identify the presence of genuine ancient starch candidates (ASC) on ground stones used in the Pontic Steppe starting around 40,000 years ago. Optical and electron microscopy coupled with infrared spectromicroscopy and imaging provide morphological and chemical profiles for ASCs, that partially match the vibrational polysaccharide features of modern reference starches, highlighting diagenetic differences ranging from partial oxidation to mineralization. The results suggest the intentional processing of roots and tubers by means of mechanical tenderization and shed light on the role of dietary carbohydrates during Homo sapiens’ (HS) colonization of Eurasia, demonstrating a long acquaintance with predictable calorific foods, crucial to maintain homeostasis during the harsh conditions of the Late MIS 3 (40-25 ky).
Giovanni Birarda; Clarissa Cagnato; Irina Pantyukhina; Chiaramaria Stani; Nicola Cefarin; Giusi Sorrentino; Elena Badetti; Antonio Marcomini; Carmine Lubritto; G. Khlopachev; Sergei Covalenco; Teodor Obada; Natali Skakun; Lisa Vaccari; Laura Longo. Direct morpho-chemical characterization of elusive plant residues from Aurignacian Pontic Steppe ground stones. 2020, 1 .
AMA StyleGiovanni Birarda, Clarissa Cagnato, Irina Pantyukhina, Chiaramaria Stani, Nicola Cefarin, Giusi Sorrentino, Elena Badetti, Antonio Marcomini, Carmine Lubritto, G. Khlopachev, Sergei Covalenco, Teodor Obada, Natali Skakun, Lisa Vaccari, Laura Longo. Direct morpho-chemical characterization of elusive plant residues from Aurignacian Pontic Steppe ground stones. . 2020; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGiovanni Birarda; Clarissa Cagnato; Irina Pantyukhina; Chiaramaria Stani; Nicola Cefarin; Giusi Sorrentino; Elena Badetti; Antonio Marcomini; Carmine Lubritto; G. Khlopachev; Sergei Covalenco; Teodor Obada; Natali Skakun; Lisa Vaccari; Laura Longo. 2020. "Direct morpho-chemical characterization of elusive plant residues from Aurignacian Pontic Steppe ground stones." , no. : 1.
Climate change threatens coastal areas, posing significant risks to natural and human systems, including coastal erosion and inundation. This paper presents a multi-risk approach integrating multiple climate-related hazards and exposure and vulnerability factors across different spatial units and temporal scales. The multi-hazard assessment employs an influence matrix to analyze the relationships among hazards (sea-level rise, coastal erosion, and storm surge) and their disjoint probability. The multi-vulnerability considers the susceptibility of the exposed receptors (wetlands, beaches, and urban areas) to different hazards based on multiple indicators (dunes, shoreline evolution, and urbanization rate). The methodology was applied in the North Adriatic coast, producing a ranking of multi-hazard risks by means of GIS maps and statistics. The results highlight that the higher multi-hazard score (meaning presence of all investigated hazards) is near the coastline while multi-vulnerability is relatively high in the whole case study, especially for beaches, wetlands, protected areas, and river mouths. The overall multi-risk score presents a trend similar to multi-hazard and shows that beaches is the receptor most affected by multiple risks (60% of surface in the higher multi-risk classes). Risk statistics were developed for coastal municipalities and local stakeholders to support the setting of adaptation priorities and coastal zone management plans.
Valentina Gallina; Silvia Torresan; Alex Zabeo; Andrea Critto; Thomas Glade; Antonio Marcomini. A Multi-Risk Methodology for the Assessment of Climate Change Impacts in Coastal Zones. Sustainability 2020, 12, 3697 .
AMA StyleValentina Gallina, Silvia Torresan, Alex Zabeo, Andrea Critto, Thomas Glade, Antonio Marcomini. A Multi-Risk Methodology for the Assessment of Climate Change Impacts in Coastal Zones. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (9):3697.
Chicago/Turabian StyleValentina Gallina; Silvia Torresan; Alex Zabeo; Andrea Critto; Thomas Glade; Antonio Marcomini. 2020. "A Multi-Risk Methodology for the Assessment of Climate Change Impacts in Coastal Zones." Sustainability 12, no. 9: 3697.
A novel pentacyclic quinoid photosensitizer with extended absorption in the visible region and enabling proton-coupled electron transfer is employed in photoelectrodes for water oxidation in combination with a ruthenium polyoxometalate catalyst.
Giulia Alice Volpato; Martina Marasi; Thomas Gobbato; Francesca Valentini; Federica Sabuzi; Valeria Gagliardi; Alessandro Bonetto; Antonio Marcomini; Serena Berardi; Valeria Conte; Marcella Bonchio; Stefano Caramori; Pierluca Galloni; Andrea Sartorel. Photoanodes for water oxidation with visible light based on a pentacyclic quinoid organic dye enabling proton-coupled electron transfer. Chemical Communications 2020, 56, 2248 -2251.
AMA StyleGiulia Alice Volpato, Martina Marasi, Thomas Gobbato, Francesca Valentini, Federica Sabuzi, Valeria Gagliardi, Alessandro Bonetto, Antonio Marcomini, Serena Berardi, Valeria Conte, Marcella Bonchio, Stefano Caramori, Pierluca Galloni, Andrea Sartorel. Photoanodes for water oxidation with visible light based on a pentacyclic quinoid organic dye enabling proton-coupled electron transfer. Chemical Communications. 2020; 56 (15):2248-2251.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGiulia Alice Volpato; Martina Marasi; Thomas Gobbato; Francesca Valentini; Federica Sabuzi; Valeria Gagliardi; Alessandro Bonetto; Antonio Marcomini; Serena Berardi; Valeria Conte; Marcella Bonchio; Stefano Caramori; Pierluca Galloni; Andrea Sartorel. 2020. "Photoanodes for water oxidation with visible light based on a pentacyclic quinoid organic dye enabling proton-coupled electron transfer." Chemical Communications 56, no. 15: 2248-2251.
Soil and sediment contamination is recognised as one of the most relevant environmental problems caused by past industrial activities and unsustainable waste disposal practices, highlighting the need to develop or improve effective remediation techniques to support sustainable management strategies. In this context, the remediation of sediments dredged from the Mincio river (Italy) contaminated by mercury and heavy hydrocarbons (C12-40) was carried out by applying and implementing the High Performance Solidification/Stabilization technology, aimed at producing safe and reusable cement-based granular materials. The technology was improved by decreasing both the temperature and time of the thermal desorption treatment (from 280 to 110 °C and from 4-16 h to 70 min, respectively) and by including a wet conditioning step to the process. Temperature and time reduction allowed to diminish the degradation of the cementitious phases of the granules (usually related to the high temperatures employed in the process), while the wet conditioning step allowed to improve their mechanical properties, as well as to further reduce the leaching of contaminants. The physical-chemical properties of the granules and contaminant leaching in water were investigated by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass and Optical Emission Spectrometry, Ultraviolet–Visible spectroscopy, Gas Chromatography, X-Ray Powder Diffraction, and Scanning Electron Microscopy, in order to identify the optimal parameters for both thermal and wet conditioning processes. The overall results showed that the use of consecutive thermal and wet conditioning treatment on sedimentary cementitious materials from the High Performance Solidification/Stabilization technology led to the removal of volatile pollutants and to the improvement of granule quality, thus providing a final material that satisfied all the Italian regulatory requirements for reuse. Therefore, the findings obtained in this study may contribute to the development of sustainable management strategies for contaminated soils and sediments, leading to their valorisation through the transformation into reusable materials.
Loris Calgaro; Elena Badetti; Alessandro Bonetto; Silvia Contessi; Roberto Pellay; Giorgio Ferrari; Gilberto Artioli; Antonio Marcomini. Consecutive thermal and wet conditioning treatments of sedimentary stabilized cementitious materials from HPSS® technology: Effects on leaching and microstructure. Journal of Environmental Management 2019, 250, 109503 .
AMA StyleLoris Calgaro, Elena Badetti, Alessandro Bonetto, Silvia Contessi, Roberto Pellay, Giorgio Ferrari, Gilberto Artioli, Antonio Marcomini. Consecutive thermal and wet conditioning treatments of sedimentary stabilized cementitious materials from HPSS® technology: Effects on leaching and microstructure. Journal of Environmental Management. 2019; 250 ():109503.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLoris Calgaro; Elena Badetti; Alessandro Bonetto; Silvia Contessi; Roberto Pellay; Giorgio Ferrari; Gilberto Artioli; Antonio Marcomini. 2019. "Consecutive thermal and wet conditioning treatments of sedimentary stabilized cementitious materials from HPSS® technology: Effects on leaching and microstructure." Journal of Environmental Management 250, no. : 109503.
With increasing evidence of climate change affecting the quality of water resources, there is the need to assess the potential impacts of future climate change scenarios on water systems to ensure their long-term sustainability. The study assesses the uncertainty in the hydrological responses of the Zero river basin (northern Italy) generated by the adoption of an ensemble of climate projections from 10 different combinations of a global climate model (GCM)–regional climate model (RCM) under two emission scenarios (representative concentration pathways (RCPs) 4.5 and 8.5). Bayesian networks (BNs) are used to analyze the projected changes in nutrient loadings (NO3, NH4, PO4) in mid- (2041–2070) and long-term (2071–2100) periods with respect to the baseline (1983–2012). BN outputs show good confidence that, across considered scenarios and periods, nutrient loadings will increase, especially during autumn and winter seasons. Most models agree in projecting a high probability of an increase in nutrient loadings with respect to current conditions. In summer and spring, instead, the large variability between different GCM–RCM results makes it impossible to identify a univocal direction of change. Results suggest that adaptive water resource planning should be based on multi-model ensemble approaches as they are particularly useful for narrowing the spectrum of plausible impacts and uncertainties on water resources.
Anna Sperotto; Josè Luis Molina; Silvia Torresan; Andrea Critto; Manuel Pulido-Velazquez; Antonio Marcomini. Water Quality Sustainability Evaluation under Uncertainty: A Multi-Scenario Analysis Based on Bayesian Networks. Sustainability 2019, 11, 4764 .
AMA StyleAnna Sperotto, Josè Luis Molina, Silvia Torresan, Andrea Critto, Manuel Pulido-Velazquez, Antonio Marcomini. Water Quality Sustainability Evaluation under Uncertainty: A Multi-Scenario Analysis Based on Bayesian Networks. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (17):4764.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAnna Sperotto; Josè Luis Molina; Silvia Torresan; Andrea Critto; Manuel Pulido-Velazquez; Antonio Marcomini. 2019. "Water Quality Sustainability Evaluation under Uncertainty: A Multi-Scenario Analysis Based on Bayesian Networks." Sustainability 11, no. 17: 4764.
An industrial microgrid (IMG) consists in a microgrid involving manufacturer plants that are usually equipped with distributed generation facilities, industrial electric vehicles, energy storage systems, and so on. In this paper, the problem of IMG-efficient operation in the presence of plug-in electric vehicles is addressed. To this purpose, the schedule of the different device operations of IMGs has to be optimally computed, minimizing the operation cost while guaranteeing the electrical network stability and the production constraints. Such a problem is formulated in a receding horizon framework involving dynamic optimal power flow equations. Uncertainty affecting plug-in electric vehicles is handled by means of a chance constraint approach. The obtained nonconvex problem is then approximately solved by exploiting suitable convex relaxation techniques. The numerical simulations have been performed showing computational feasibility and robustness of the proposed approach against increased penetration of the electric vehicles.
Marco Casini; Giovanni Gino Zanvettor; Milica Kovjanic; Antonio Vicino. Optimal Energy Management and Control of an Industrial Microgrid With Plug-in Electric Vehicles. IEEE Access 2019, 7, 101729 -101740.
AMA StyleMarco Casini, Giovanni Gino Zanvettor, Milica Kovjanic, Antonio Vicino. Optimal Energy Management and Control of an Industrial Microgrid With Plug-in Electric Vehicles. IEEE Access. 2019; 7 ():101729-101740.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarco Casini; Giovanni Gino Zanvettor; Milica Kovjanic; Antonio Vicino. 2019. "Optimal Energy Management and Control of an Industrial Microgrid With Plug-in Electric Vehicles." IEEE Access 7, no. : 101729-101740.
The widespread use of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) in consumer products and the overwhelming uncertainties in their ecological and human health risks have raised concerns regarding their safety among industries and regulators. There has been an ongoing debate over the past few decades on ways to overcome the challenges in assessing and mitigating nano-related risks, which has reached a phase of general consensus that nanotechnology innovation should be accompanied by the application of the precautionary principle and best practice risk management, even if the risk assessment uncertainties are large. We propose a quantitative methodology for selecting the optimal risk control strategy based on information about human health and ecological risks, efficacy of risk mitigation measures, cost and other contextual factors. The risk control (RC) methodology was developed in the European FP7 research project SUN and successfully demonstrated in two case studies involving real industrial nano-enabled products (NEPs): nano-scale copper oxide (CuO) and basic copper carbonate (Cu2(OH)2CO3) used as antimicrobial and antifungal coatings and impregnations for the preservation of treated wood, and two nanoscale pigments used for colouring plastic automotive parts (i.e. red organic pigment and carbon black). The application of RC for human health risks showed that although nano-related risks could easily be controlled in automotive plastics case study with modifications in production technology or specific type of engineering controls, nano-related risks due to sanding and sawing copper oxide painted wood were non-acceptable in the use lifecycle stage and would need the identification of a more effective risk control strategy.
Elena Semenzin; Vrishali Subramanian; Lisa Pizzol; Alex Zabeo; Wouter Fransman; Ceyda Oksel; Danail Hristozov; Antonio Marcomini. Controlling the risks of nano-enabled products through the life cycle: The case of nano copper oxide paint for wood protection and nano-pigments used in the automotive industry. Environment International 2019, 131, 104901 .
AMA StyleElena Semenzin, Vrishali Subramanian, Lisa Pizzol, Alex Zabeo, Wouter Fransman, Ceyda Oksel, Danail Hristozov, Antonio Marcomini. Controlling the risks of nano-enabled products through the life cycle: The case of nano copper oxide paint for wood protection and nano-pigments used in the automotive industry. Environment International. 2019; 131 ():104901.
Chicago/Turabian StyleElena Semenzin; Vrishali Subramanian; Lisa Pizzol; Alex Zabeo; Wouter Fransman; Ceyda Oksel; Danail Hristozov; Antonio Marcomini. 2019. "Controlling the risks of nano-enabled products through the life cycle: The case of nano copper oxide paint for wood protection and nano-pigments used in the automotive industry." Environment International 131, no. : 104901.
Coastal erosion is an issue of major concern for coastal managers and is expected to increase in magnitude and severity due to global climate change. This paper analyzes the potential consequences of climate change on coastal erosion (e.g., impacts on beaches, wetlands and protected areas) by applying a Regional Risk Assessment (RRA) methodology to the North Adriatic (NA) coast of Italy. The approach employs hazard scenarios from a multi-model chain in order to project the spatial and temporal patterns of relevant coastal erosion stressors (i.e., increases in mean sea-level, changes in wave height and variations in the sediment mobility at the sea bottom) under the A1B climate change scenario. Site-specific environmental and socio-economic indicators (e.g., vegetation cover, geomorphology, population) and hazard metrics are then aggregated by means of Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) with the aim to provide an example of exposure, susceptibility, risk and damage maps for the NA region. Among seasonal exposure maps winter and autumn depict the worse situation in 2070–2100, and locally around the Po river delta. Risk maps highlight that the receptors at higher risk are beaches, wetlands and river mouths. The work presents the results of the RRA tested in the NA region, discussing how spatial risk mapping can be used to establish relative priorities for intervention, to identify hot-spot areas and to provide a basis for the definition of coastal adaptation and management strategies.
Valentina Gallina; Silvia Torresan; Alex Zabeo; Jonathan Rizzi; Sandro Carniel; Mauro Sclavo; Lisa Pizzol; Antonio Marcomini; Andrea Critto. Assessment of Climate Change Impacts in the North Adriatic Coastal Area. Part II: Consequences for Coastal Erosion Impacts at the Regional Scale. Water 2019, 11, 1300 .
AMA StyleValentina Gallina, Silvia Torresan, Alex Zabeo, Jonathan Rizzi, Sandro Carniel, Mauro Sclavo, Lisa Pizzol, Antonio Marcomini, Andrea Critto. Assessment of Climate Change Impacts in the North Adriatic Coastal Area. Part II: Consequences for Coastal Erosion Impacts at the Regional Scale. Water. 2019; 11 (6):1300.
Chicago/Turabian StyleValentina Gallina; Silvia Torresan; Alex Zabeo; Jonathan Rizzi; Sandro Carniel; Mauro Sclavo; Lisa Pizzol; Antonio Marcomini; Andrea Critto. 2019. "Assessment of Climate Change Impacts in the North Adriatic Coastal Area. Part II: Consequences for Coastal Erosion Impacts at the Regional Scale." Water 11, no. 6: 1300.
The increasing concern about antibiotic-resistance has led to the search for alternative antimicrobial agents. In this effort, different metal oxide nanomaterials are currently under investigation, in order to assess their effectiveness, safety and mode of action. This study focused on CuO nanoparticles (CuO NPs) and was aimed at evaluating how the properties and the antimicrobial activity of these nanomaterials may be affected by the interaction with ligands present in biological and environmental media. Ligands can attach to the surface of particles and/or contribute to their dissolution through ligand-assisted ion release and the formation of complexes with copper ions. Eight natural amino acids (L-Arg, L-Asp, L-Glu, L-Cys, L-Val, L-Leu, L-Phe, L-Tyr) were chosen as model molecules to investigate these interactions and the toxicity of the obtained materials against the Gram-positive bacterium Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 35984. A different behavior from pristine CuO NPs was observed, depending on the aminoacidic side chain. These results were supported by physico-chemical and colloidal characterization carried out by means of Fourier-Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and Thermo-Gravimetric Analysis (TGA), Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) and light scattering techniques (Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), Electrophoretic Light Scattering (ELS) and Centrifugal Separation Analysis (CSA).
Elena Badetti; Loris Calgaro; Laura Falchi; Alessandro Bonetto; Cinzia Bettiol; Benedetta Leonetti; Emmanuele Ambrosi; Elisabetta Zendri; Antonio Marcomini. Interaction between Copper Oxide Nanoparticles and Amino Acids: Influence on the Antibacterial Activity. Nanomaterials 2019, 9, 792 .
AMA StyleElena Badetti, Loris Calgaro, Laura Falchi, Alessandro Bonetto, Cinzia Bettiol, Benedetta Leonetti, Emmanuele Ambrosi, Elisabetta Zendri, Antonio Marcomini. Interaction between Copper Oxide Nanoparticles and Amino Acids: Influence on the Antibacterial Activity. Nanomaterials. 2019; 9 (5):792.
Chicago/Turabian StyleElena Badetti; Loris Calgaro; Laura Falchi; Alessandro Bonetto; Cinzia Bettiol; Benedetta Leonetti; Emmanuele Ambrosi; Elisabetta Zendri; Antonio Marcomini. 2019. "Interaction between Copper Oxide Nanoparticles and Amino Acids: Influence on the Antibacterial Activity." Nanomaterials 9, no. 5: 792.
Nanotechnologies have been increasingly used in industrial applications and consumer products across several sectors, including construction, transportation, energy, and healthcare. The widespread application of these technologies has raised concerns regarding their environmental, health, societal, and economic impacts. This has led to the investment of enormous resources in Europe and beyond into the development of tools to facilitate the risk assessment and management of nanomaterials, and to inform more robust risk governance process. In this context, several risk governance frameworks have been developed. In our study, we present and review those, and identify a set of criteria and tools for risk evaluation, mitigation, and communication, the implementation of which can inform better risk management decision-making by various stakeholders from e.g., industry, regulators, and the civil society. Based on our analysis, we recommend specific methods from decision science and information technologies that can improve the existing risk governance tools so that they can communicate, evaluate, and mitigate risks more transparently, taking stakeholder perspectives and expert opinion into account, and considering all relevant criteria in establishing the risk-benefit balance of these emerging technologies to enable more robust decisions about the governance of their risks.
Panagiotis Isigonis; Danail Hristozov; Christina Benighaus; Elisa Giubilato; Khara Grieger; Lisa Pizzol; Elena Semenzin; Igor Linkov; Alex Zabeo; Antonio Marcomini. Risk Governance of Nanomaterials: Review of Criteria and Tools for Risk Communication, Evaluation, and Mitigation. Nanomaterials 2019, 9, 696 .
AMA StylePanagiotis Isigonis, Danail Hristozov, Christina Benighaus, Elisa Giubilato, Khara Grieger, Lisa Pizzol, Elena Semenzin, Igor Linkov, Alex Zabeo, Antonio Marcomini. Risk Governance of Nanomaterials: Review of Criteria and Tools for Risk Communication, Evaluation, and Mitigation. Nanomaterials. 2019; 9 (5):696.
Chicago/Turabian StylePanagiotis Isigonis; Danail Hristozov; Christina Benighaus; Elisa Giubilato; Khara Grieger; Lisa Pizzol; Elena Semenzin; Igor Linkov; Alex Zabeo; Antonio Marcomini. 2019. "Risk Governance of Nanomaterials: Review of Criteria and Tools for Risk Communication, Evaluation, and Mitigation." Nanomaterials 9, no. 5: 696.
With increasing evidences of climate change affecting coastal waters, there is a strong need to understand future climate conditions and assess the potential responses of delicate coastal ecosystems. Results of climate change studies based on only one GCM-RCM combination should be interpreted with caution as results are highly dependent on the assumptions of the selected combination. In this study we examined the uncertainty in the hydrological and ecological parameters of the Zero river basin (ZRB) – Palude di Cona (PDC) coastal aquatic ecosystem generated by the adoption of an ensemble of climate projections from ten different combinations of General Circulation Model (GCM) – Regional Climate Model (RCM) under two emission scenarios (RCP4.5 and RCP8.5) implemented in the hydrological model (SWAT) and the ecological model (AQUATOX). The baseline period of 1983–2012 was used to identify climate change variations in two future periods: mid-century (2041–2070) and late-century (2071–2100) periods. SWAT outputs from the ensemble indicate a summer reduction in inorganic nitrogen loadings of 1–22% and a winter increase of 1–19%. Inorganic phosphorus loadings indicate a yearly increase of 32–61%. AQUATOX outputs from the ensemble show major changes in the summer period, with an increase in Chl-a concentration of 9–56%, a decrease in diatoms of 74–98% and an increase in cyanobacteria of 421–3590%. Obtained results confirm that the use of multiple GCM-RCM projections can provide a more robust assessment of climate change impacts on the hydrology and ecology of coastal waters, but at the same time highlight the large uncertainty of climate change-related impact studies, which can affect the decision-making processes regarding the management and preservation of sensitive aquatic ecosystems such as those in coastal areas.
M. Pesce; A. Critto; S. Torresan; Elisa Giubilato; L. Pizzol; A. Marcomini. Assessing uncertainty of hydrological and ecological parameters originating from the application of an ensemble of ten global-regional climate model projections in a coastal ecosystem of the lagoon of Venice, Italy. Ecological Engineering 2019, 133, 121 -136.
AMA StyleM. Pesce, A. Critto, S. Torresan, Elisa Giubilato, L. Pizzol, A. Marcomini. Assessing uncertainty of hydrological and ecological parameters originating from the application of an ensemble of ten global-regional climate model projections in a coastal ecosystem of the lagoon of Venice, Italy. Ecological Engineering. 2019; 133 ():121-136.
Chicago/Turabian StyleM. Pesce; A. Critto; S. Torresan; Elisa Giubilato; L. Pizzol; A. Marcomini. 2019. "Assessing uncertainty of hydrological and ecological parameters originating from the application of an ensemble of ten global-regional climate model projections in a coastal ecosystem of the lagoon of Venice, Italy." Ecological Engineering 133, no. : 121-136.
Marco Casini; Matteo Criscuoli; Andrea Garulli. A discrete-time pursuit–evasion game in convex polygonal environments. Systems & Control Letters 2019, 125, 22 -28.
AMA StyleMarco Casini, Matteo Criscuoli, Andrea Garulli. A discrete-time pursuit–evasion game in convex polygonal environments. Systems & Control Letters. 2019; 125 ():22-28.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarco Casini; Matteo Criscuoli; Andrea Garulli. 2019. "A discrete-time pursuit–evasion game in convex polygonal environments." Systems & Control Letters 125, no. : 22-28.
Climate change has already led to a wide range of impacts on our society, the economy and the environment. According to future scenarios, mountain regions are highly vulnerable to climate impacts, including changes in the water cycle (e.g. rainfall extremes, melting of glaciers, river runoff), loss of biodiversity and ecosystems services, damages to local economy (drinking water supply, hydropower generation, agricultural suitability) and human safety (risks of natural hazards). This is due to their exposure to recent climate warming (e.g. temperature regime changes, thawing of permafrost) and the high degree of specialization of both natural and human systems (e.g. mountain species, valley population density, tourism-based economy). These characteristics call for the application of risk assessment methodologies able to describe the complex interactions among multiple hazards, biophysical and socio-economic systems, towards climate change adaptation. Current approaches used to assess climate change risks often address individual risks separately and do not fulfil a comprehensive representation of cumulative effects associated to different hazards (i.e. compound events). Moreover, pioneering multi-layer single risk assessment (i.e. overlapping of single-risk assessments addressing different hazards) is still widely used, causing misleading evaluations of multi-risk processes. This raises key questions about the distinctive features of multi-risk assessments and the available tools and methods to address them. Here we present a review of five cutting-edge modelling approaches (Bayesian networks, agent-based models, system dynamic models, event and fault trees, and hybrid models), exploring their potential applications for multi-risk assessment and climate change adaptation in mountain regions. The comparative analysis sheds light on advantages and limitations of each approach, providing a roadmap for methodological and technical implementation of multi-risk assessment according to distinguished criteria (e.g. spatial and temporal dynamics, uncertainty management, cross-sectoral assessment, adaptation measures integration, data required and level of complexity). The results show limited applications of the selected methodologies in addressing the climate and risks challenge in mountain environments. In particular, system dynamic and hybrid models demonstrate higher potential for further applications to represent climate change effects on multi-risk processes for an effective implementation of climate adaptation strategies.
Stefano Terzi; Silvia Torresan; Stefan Schneiderbauer; Andrea Critto; Marc Zebisch; Antonio Marcomini. Multi-risk assessment in mountain regions: A review of modelling approaches for climate change adaptation. Journal of Environmental Management 2018, 232, 759 -771.
AMA StyleStefano Terzi, Silvia Torresan, Stefan Schneiderbauer, Andrea Critto, Marc Zebisch, Antonio Marcomini. Multi-risk assessment in mountain regions: A review of modelling approaches for climate change adaptation. Journal of Environmental Management. 2018; 232 ():759-771.
Chicago/Turabian StyleStefano Terzi; Silvia Torresan; Stefan Schneiderbauer; Andrea Critto; Marc Zebisch; Antonio Marcomini. 2018. "Multi-risk assessment in mountain regions: A review of modelling approaches for climate change adaptation." Journal of Environmental Management 232, no. : 759-771.