Neurological impairments are the leading cause of post-stroke mortality, while stroke-related cardiovascular diseases rank second in significance.This study investigates the potential protective effects of MitoTEMPO (2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-[[2-(triphenylphosphonio) acetyl] amino]-1-piperidinyloxy, monochloride, monohydrate), a mitochondria-specific antioxidant, against cardiac and neurological complications following stroke. The objective is to assess whether MitoTEMPO can be utilized as a protective agent for individuals with a high risk of stroke. 17-week-old male Wistar Albino rats were randomly assigned to three groups: SHAM, ischemia-reperfusion (IR), and MitoTEMPO + ischemia-reperfusion (MT + IR; MitoTEMPO injection 0.7 mg/kg/day for 14 days). The SHAM group underwent a sham operation, while the IR group underwent 1-hour middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) followed by 3 days of reperfusion. Afterwards, noninvasive thoracic electrical bioimpedance (TEB) and electrocardiography (ECG) measurements were taken, and sample collection was performed for histological and biochemical examinations. Our TEB and ECG findings demonstrated that MitoTEMPO exhibited a protective effect on most parameters affected by IR compared to the SHAM group. Furthermore, our biochemical and histological data revealed a significant protective effect of MitoTEMPO against oxidative damage. The findings suggest that both IR-induced cardiovascular abnormalities and the protective effect of MitoTEMPO may involve G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR)-mediated signaling mechanisms. This study was conducted with limitations including a single gender, a uniform age group, a specific stroke model limited to MCA, and pre-scheduled only one IR period. In future studies, addressing these limitations may enable the implementation of preventive measures for individuals at high risk of stroke.

Aptamers are a new class of recognizing agents which are defined as short biomolecules like oligonucleotides and peptides that are used in diagnostics and therapeutics. They can bind to specific targets with extremely high affinity based on their structural conformations. It is believed that in the near future, aptamers could replace monoclonal antibody. The biggest advantage of using aptamers is that the process is in vitro in nature and does not require the use of animals and they also have unique properties, such as thermal stability, low cost, and unlimited applications. Aptamers have been studied as a biomaterial in numerous investigations concerning their use as a diagnostic and therapeutic tool and biosensing probe. DNA aptamers were also used for the diagnosis and treatment of neurodegeneration and neurodegenerative diseases. For example, functional nucleic acid aptamers have been developed to detect Aβ fragments in Alzheimer’s brain hippocampus tissue samples. Aptamers are promising materials for diverse areas, not just as alternatives to antibodies but as the core components of medical equipment. Although they are in the preliminary stages of development, results are quite encouraging, and it seems that aptamer research has a very bright future in neuroscience.

Cardiac damage caused by radiation in the long term varies according to the radiation dose received by the heart. In this study, it was aimed to evaluate the damage caused by different radiation doses in the heart, together with hemodynamic parameters, immunhistochemistry, and histopathological analyzes for long term. The animals were divided into four groups: The rats in control group (Group 1) were not irradiated; the rats in group 2 were irradiated with 5 Gy; the rats in group 3 were irradiated with 10 Gy and the rats in group 4 were irradiated with 20 Gy. Hemodynamic parameters and indices were determined from the impedance cardiography (ICG) recording in the whole groups before they were irradiated with RT and 180 days after RT. And then, interleukin-1β, interleukin-10, TNF-α, apopthosis were determined in all groups. In addition, histological changes of heart and aorta were evaluated. Histopathologic, cytokine and hemodynamic findings supported that cardiac damage increased with increasing radiation dose. it is important in terms of being an alternative and supportive method to other methods to be able to detect heart diseases caused by RT with the ICG method.

Aim: In this study, the effects of muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (mAChR) agonist carbachol on the proliferation of cisplatin-resistant (A2780cis) and cisplatin-free (SKOV-3) ovarian cancer cell line were for the first time investigated to further evaluate the potential therapeutic effect of metronomic chemotherapy. Material and Methods: The inhibitory effect of carbachol on cell proliferation was detected using the xCELLigence Real-Time Cell Analyzer (RTCA) dual plate (DP) system. A preliminary study was conducted to determine the dose of carbachol 100 µM, cisplatin 1 µM, and two combination studies were carried out with 100 µM carbachol + cisplatin 1 µM and 100 µM carbachol + 10 µM atropine, over cancer cells without drugs was used as the control group. The cell proliferation curve was monitored for 96 hours. The cell index value of inhibition in cell proliferation was automatically measured every hour for each well using RTCA 1.2.1 software. Results: Co-administration of carbachol with cisplatin caused a decrease in cell number in both A2780cis and SKOV-3 cell lines in a time-dependent manner (p

Purpose. In this study, the expression levels of METTL3, METTL14; and WTAP genes involved in the N6-methyladenosine (m6A) pathway, regulating cellular processes including cell renewal, differentiation, invasion; and apoptosis, were investigated in duodenal tissue after sleeve gastrectomy (SG). Material and Methods: Duodenal biopsies were obtained from 24 obese patients before (BG) and 6 months after (AG) sleeve gastrectomy. Pathological evaluation was performed by H&E staining. Expression levels of METTL14, METTL3, and WTAP genes were analysed by Real-Time PCR. Results: The METTL14 gene was significantly increased after surgery (BG-AG Median (Q1-Q3): 0.36 [0.07-1.52]-9.83 [0.20-68.12]). METTL3 (BG-AG Median (Q1-Q3): 0.49 [0.32-0.84]-0.67 [0.36-20.5]) and WTAP (BG-AG Median (Q1-Q3): 0.95 [0.17-7.65]-5.54 [2.34-66.07]) gene expressions were not altered. However, a strong positive (r=0.692) and significant relationship was found between METTL3 and WTAP. Chronic inflammation 81.32 %, intestinal metaplasia 10.54 %, activity 68.88 %, atrophy 5.32 %. No malignant findings were detected. Conclusion: For the first time, we demonstrated that sleeve gastrectomy may increase the expression of the METTL14 gene involved in the m6A-methyladenosine pathway in duodenum. This alteration may lead to gastrointestinal tract diseases.

Nigella sativa black cumin oil (BCO) exhibits well-documented anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties; however, the impact of extraction-related compositional variation on its cellular and molecular effects in stem cell systems remains insufficiently characterized. This study investigated the effects of cold-pressed (CP) and supercritical CO ₂ (ScCO ₂ )-extracted BCO on the viability, inflammatory response and angiogenic potential of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs). The oil composition and antioxidant activity were assessed using GC/MS and DPPH assays, respectively. ASCs were treated with different volumes of BCO, and cell viability was evaluated at 24, 48 and 72 h using the MTT assay. Anti-inflammatory effects were evaluated by real-time PCR analysis of IL6 and IL10 mRNA expression, while angiogenesis-related molecular responses were evaluated based on VEGF mRNA expression. Both CP and ScCO ₂ -extracted BCO significantly increased ASC viability in a volume-dependent manner, with the highest viability consistently observed at 100 µl (P < 0.05). Treatment with 50 µl and 100 µl of either oil significantly reduced IL6 expression and concomitantly increased IL10 expression at 24 and 48 h (P < 0.05). VEGF expression was also significantly up-regulated at these time points, with ScCO ₂ -extracted BCO inducing a more pronounced and sustained angiogenic response (P < 0.05). These findings indicate that BCO enhances ASC via­bility and molecular responses in a volume-dependent manner, while differences associated with extraction-related compositional variation may modulate inflammation- and angiogenesis-related molecular signalling in ASCs.