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Restrictive measures enacted in response to the COVID-19 pandemic have resulted in dramatic and substantial variations in people’s travel habits and behaviors worldwide. This paper empirically examines the asymmetric inter-linkages between transportation mobility and COVID-19. Using daily data from 1st March 2020 to 15th July 2020, this study draws the dynamic and causal relationships between transportation mobility and COVID-19 in ten selected countries (i.e., USA, Brazil, Mexico, UK, Spain, Italy, France, Germany, Canada, and Belgium). To systematically analyze how the quantiles of COVID-19 (transportation mobility) affect the quantiles of transportation mobility (COVID-19), a complete set of non-linear modeling including the quantile-on-quantile (QQ) regression and quantile Granger causality in mean is applied. Our preliminary findings strictly reject the preposition of data normality and highlight that the observed relationship is highly correlated and quantile-dependent. The empirical results demonstrate the heterogeneous dependence between COVID-19 and transportation mobility across quantiles. The findings acclaim the presence of a significant positive association between COVID-19 and transportation mobility in the USA, UK, Spain, Italy, Canada, France, Germany and Belgium, predominantly at upper quantiles, but results are contrasting in the case of Brazil and Mexico. In addition, either lower or upper quantiles of both variables indicate a declining negative effect of transportation mobility on COVID-19. Furthermore, the outcomes of Quantile Granger causality in mean conclude a bidirectional causal link between COVID-19 and transportation mobility for almost all sample countries. Unlike them, France has found unidirectional causality that extends from COVID-19 to transportation mobility. We may conclude that COVID-19 leads to a reduction in transportation mobility. On the other hand, the empirical results quantify that excessive transportation mobility levels stimulate pandemic cases, and social distancing is one of the primary measures to encounter infection transmission. Imperative country-specific policy implications pertaining to public health, potential virus spread, transportation, and the environment may be drawn from these findings.
Yasir Habib; Enjun Xia; Shujahat Haider Hashmi; Zeeshan Fareed. Non-linear spatial linkage between COVID-19 pandemic and mobility in ten countries: A lesson for future wave. Journal of Infection and Public Health 2021, 1 .
AMA StyleYasir Habib, Enjun Xia, Shujahat Haider Hashmi, Zeeshan Fareed. Non-linear spatial linkage between COVID-19 pandemic and mobility in ten countries: A lesson for future wave. Journal of Infection and Public Health. 2021; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYasir Habib; Enjun Xia; Shujahat Haider Hashmi; Zeeshan Fareed. 2021. "Non-linear spatial linkage between COVID-19 pandemic and mobility in ten countries: A lesson for future wave." Journal of Infection and Public Health , no. : 1.
This study determines the dynamic linkages between road transport intensity, road transport passenger and road transport freight, and road carbon emissions in G20 countries in the presence of economic growth, urbanization, crude oil price, and trade openness for the period of 1990 to 2016, under the multivariate framework. This study employs the residual-based Kao and Westerlund cointegration technique to find long-run cointegration, and continuously updated bias-corrected (CUP-BC) and continuously updated fully modified (CUP-FM) methods to check the long-run elasticities between the variables. The long-run estimators’ findings suggest a positive and significant impact of road transport intensity, road passenger transport, road freight transport on road transport CO2 emissions. Economic growth and urbanization are significant contributing factors in road transport CO2 emissions, while trade openness and crude oil price significantly reduce road transport CO2 emissions. The Dumitrescu and Hurlin causality test results disclose unidirectional causality from road transport intensity and road transport freight to the road transport CO2 emissions. However, the causality between road passenger transport and road transport CO2 emissions is bidirectional. Finally, comprehensive policy options like subsidizing environmental-friendly technologies, developing green transport infrastructure, and enacting decarbonizing regulations are suggested to address the G20 countries’ environmental challenges.
Yasir Habib; Enjun Xia; Shujahat Haider Hashmi; Zahoor Ahmed. The nexus between road transport intensity and road-related CO2 emissions in G20 countries: an advanced panel estimation. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2021, 1 -21.
AMA StyleYasir Habib, Enjun Xia, Shujahat Haider Hashmi, Zahoor Ahmed. The nexus between road transport intensity and road-related CO2 emissions in G20 countries: an advanced panel estimation. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2021; ():1-21.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYasir Habib; Enjun Xia; Shujahat Haider Hashmi; Zahoor Ahmed. 2021. "The nexus between road transport intensity and road-related CO2 emissions in G20 countries: an advanced panel estimation." Environmental Science and Pollution Research , no. : 1-21.
This paper examines the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) theory, augmenting the role of oil resources and energy consumption in carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions using the annual data of 11 African oil-producing countries from 1980 to 2014. We apply advanced panel cointegration and panel autoregressive distributive lag (ARDL) techniques coupled with Granger non-causality analysis to account for cross-sectional dependence and heterogeneity. The results of the augmented mean group (AMG) reveal that oil resources abundance degrades the environmental quality in Angola while abating CO2 emissions in Algeria, Gabon, Morocco, and Nigeria. Contrarily, energy consumption escalates pollution in the Congo Democratic Republic (COD), Côte d’Ivoire (CIV), Gabon, Morocco, and Tunisia. Our findings support the EKC hypothesis only in Cameroon, CIV, and Nigeria while exhibiting a U-shaped curve in Algeria and Morocco. Causality analysis unveils that oil resources Granger cause energy consumption, suggesting the balance between renewable and non-renewable energy sources. The current study has important policy implications for promoting green technology, economic diversification, service sector, and green investments.
Mohamed Ouédraogo; Daiyan Peng; Xi Chen; Shujahat Hashmi; Mamoudou Sall. Dynamic Effect of Oil Resources on Environmental Quality: Testing the Environmental Kuznets Curve Hypothesis for Selected African Countries. Sustainability 2021, 13, 3649 .
AMA StyleMohamed Ouédraogo, Daiyan Peng, Xi Chen, Shujahat Hashmi, Mamoudou Sall. Dynamic Effect of Oil Resources on Environmental Quality: Testing the Environmental Kuznets Curve Hypothesis for Selected African Countries. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (7):3649.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMohamed Ouédraogo; Daiyan Peng; Xi Chen; Shujahat Hashmi; Mamoudou Sall. 2021. "Dynamic Effect of Oil Resources on Environmental Quality: Testing the Environmental Kuznets Curve Hypothesis for Selected African Countries." Sustainability 13, no. 7: 3649.
This study investigates the non-linear relationship between urbanization paths and CO2 emissions in selected South, South-East, and East Asian countries over the period 1971–2014. Based on the STIRPAT (Stochastic Impacts by Regression on Population, Affluence, and Technology) framework, we applied the advanced and robust methods of dynamic seemingly unrelated regression (DSUR), dynamic OLS (DOLS), and fully modified OLS (FMOLS) to estimate the long-term effects. The empirical findings revealed the inverted U-shaped effects of urbanization and urban agglomeration and the U-shaped impact of the largest city ratio on CO2 emissions. Urbanization and urban agglomerations improve environmental quality in the long-run and support ecological modernization theory. However, excessive concentration in the largest cities have severely affected the environmental quality and violates the notion of compact-city efficiencies. Moreover, energy intensity and economic growth positively affect CO2 emissions, while trade openness negatively influences CO2 emissions. Our robustness analysis at the country-level applies the augmented mean group (AMG) panel ARDL technique, which further supports the non-linear effect of urbanization paths on CO2 emissions except for a few countries. The results of the panel Granger non-causality approach unveil bidirectional causality of energy efficiency, economic growth, urbanization, and largest city ratio with CO2 emissions. In contrast, unidirectional causality runs from urban agglomeration to CO2 emissions. Our findings have important policy implications as we suggest green urban infrastructures, eco-friendly dwellings, smart cities, country-specific trade policies, and renewable energy options to improve the environmental quality.
Shujahat Haider Hashmi; Hongzhong Fan; Yasir Habib; Adeel Riaz. Non-linear relationship between urbanization paths and CO2 emissions: A case of South, South-East and East Asian economies. Urban Climate 2021, 37, 100814 .
AMA StyleShujahat Haider Hashmi, Hongzhong Fan, Yasir Habib, Adeel Riaz. Non-linear relationship between urbanization paths and CO2 emissions: A case of South, South-East and East Asian economies. Urban Climate. 2021; 37 ():100814.
Chicago/Turabian StyleShujahat Haider Hashmi; Hongzhong Fan; Yasir Habib; Adeel Riaz. 2021. "Non-linear relationship between urbanization paths and CO2 emissions: A case of South, South-East and East Asian economies." Urban Climate 37, no. : 100814.
The rapid urbanization growth has not only improved the living standards of people but also raised concerns for environmental sustainability over the globe. In this regard, the issue of excessive urban concentration or over-agglomeration in metropolitan areas is nowadays the prime concern for urban planning and building energy-efficient and eco-friendly infrastructures. In response to rising interest in the dynamic linkage between urban concentration and environment, the current research empirically examines the crucial nexus between urban agglomerations and environmental degradation in top ten urban agglomerated countries in the world from 1960Q1 to 2014Q4. The current research is the pioneer empirical work in the area of urbanization by applying recently developed and innovative methods of quantile-on-quantile (QQ) approach and quantile Granger causality in relatively less explored area of urban agglomeration at the cross-country level. Our mainstream findings indicate that urban agglomeration has a strong positive effect on CO2 emissions in most of our sample countries, and this effect is more pronounced in higher quantiles of respective variables. These results imply that excessive levels of urban concentration in big cities cause environmental degradation, which could be attributed to extreme population density, overcrowding, traffic congestion and extensive demand for energy consumption. However, some countries such as Israel, Paraguay and Columbia exhibit overall declining and negative trends about the relationship between urban agglomerations and CO2 emissions. Moreover, quantile Granger causality results confirm the previous findings of QQ regression and verify the existence of bidirectional causal nexus between urban agglomerations and CO2 emissions in the majority of the lower, middle and upper quantiles in our selected top ten countries except for Kuwait. However, the unidirectional causal relationship also exists for several countries for extreme lower, middle and extremely higher quantiles. Our findings extend the previous work on agglomeration-environment nexus by determining the asymmetric magnitude of linkage between these two variables demanding cautious and individual-focused policies for urban planning and environmental sustainability.
Shujahat Haider Hashmi; Hongzhong Fan; Zeeshan Fareed; Farrukh Shahzad. Asymmetric nexus between urban agglomerations and environmental pollution in top ten urban agglomerated countries using quantile methods. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2020, 28, 13404 -13424.
AMA StyleShujahat Haider Hashmi, Hongzhong Fan, Zeeshan Fareed, Farrukh Shahzad. Asymmetric nexus between urban agglomerations and environmental pollution in top ten urban agglomerated countries using quantile methods. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2020; 28 (11):13404-13424.
Chicago/Turabian StyleShujahat Haider Hashmi; Hongzhong Fan; Zeeshan Fareed; Farrukh Shahzad. 2020. "Asymmetric nexus between urban agglomerations and environmental pollution in top ten urban agglomerated countries using quantile methods." Environmental Science and Pollution Research 28, no. 11: 13404-13424.
This innovative study examines the effect of financial inclusion measured by financial inclusion index (FII) on the economic growth of the Islamic Development Bank (IsDB) member countries. The data were collected on different elements of financial inclusion and economic growth for the period 2000–2016. To draw multi‐dimensional results, we have set up the panel data for 45 countries, and we estimated the generalized method of moments (GMM), two‐stage least squares (2SLS), panel vector autoregressive (VAR) and panel Granger causality tests. Based on the results of dynamic panel estimations, we find that FII has a positive effect on economic growth. The findings of Granger causality analysis reveals a bi‐directional causality of FII indicators with economic growth and a unidirectional causality between the FII and economic growth. Therefore, it suggests that the financial inclusion index has a positive effect on the economic growth in IsDB member countries. These findings recommend that the policymakers should consider financial inclusion as a driver of the economic growth in the long run. The empirical findings have useful policy insights for the IsDB member countries.
Minhaj Ali; Shujahat H. Hashmi; Muhammad R. Nazir; Ahmer Bilal. Does financial inclusion enhance economic growth? Empirical evidence from the IsDB member countries. International Journal of Finance & Economics 2020, 1 .
AMA StyleMinhaj Ali, Shujahat H. Hashmi, Muhammad R. Nazir, Ahmer Bilal. Does financial inclusion enhance economic growth? Empirical evidence from the IsDB member countries. International Journal of Finance & Economics. 2020; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMinhaj Ali; Shujahat H. Hashmi; Muhammad R. Nazir; Ahmer Bilal. 2020. "Does financial inclusion enhance economic growth? Empirical evidence from the IsDB member countries." International Journal of Finance & Economics , no. : 1.
This paper endeavors to analyze and provide fresh global insights from the asymmetric nexus between the recent outbreak of COVID-19, crude oil prices, and atmospheric CO2 emissions. The analysis employs a unique Morlet’s wavelet method. More precisely, this paper implements comprehensive wavelet coherence analysis tools, including continuous wavelet coherence, partial wavelet coherence, and multiple wavelet coherence to the daily dataset spanning from December 31, 2019 to May 31, 2020. From the frequency perspective, this paper finds significant wavelet coherence and vigorous lead and lag connections. This analysis ascertains significant movement in variables over frequency and time domain. These results demonstrate strong but varying connotations between studied variables. The results also indicate that COVID-19 impacts crude oil prices and the most contributor to the reduction in CO2 emissions during the pandemic period. This study offers practical and policy implications and endorsements for individuals, environmental experts, and investors.
Yasir Habib; Enjun Xia; Zeeshan Fareed; Shujahat Haider Hashmi. Time–frequency co-movement between COVID-19, crude oil prices, and atmospheric CO2 emissions: Fresh global insights from partial and multiple coherence approach. Environment, Development and Sustainability 2020, 23, 9397 -9417.
AMA StyleYasir Habib, Enjun Xia, Zeeshan Fareed, Shujahat Haider Hashmi. Time–frequency co-movement between COVID-19, crude oil prices, and atmospheric CO2 emissions: Fresh global insights from partial and multiple coherence approach. Environment, Development and Sustainability. 2020; 23 (6):9397-9417.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYasir Habib; Enjun Xia; Zeeshan Fareed; Shujahat Haider Hashmi. 2020. "Time–frequency co-movement between COVID-19, crude oil prices, and atmospheric CO2 emissions: Fresh global insights from partial and multiple coherence approach." Environment, Development and Sustainability 23, no. 6: 9397-9417.
This paper studies the effects of income inequality and financial instability on CO2 emissions in the presence of fossil fuel energy, economic development, industrialization, and trade openness. Moreover, the present study is the first to examine the moderating role of financial instability between income inequality and CO2 emissions. We utilized panel data of forty-seven developing countries for the period 1980–2016 by utilizing the stochastic impacts by regression on population, affluence, and technology (STIRPAT) model. The empirical outcomes in all models indicate that income inequality and industrialization significantly reduce environmental degradation, while fossil fuel, trade openness, and economic growth decrease the quality of the environment. However, financial instability (with interaction term) shows no significant link to environmental quality, whereas (with interaction term) it shows a significant negative effect on CO2 emissions. In addition, the result of the interaction variable reveals that an increase in inequality, ceteris paribus, in combination with the rise in financial instability, is expected to increase pollution. Furthermore, there exists a bidirectional causal association among income inequality, financial instability, fossil fuel, trade openness, industrialization, economic growth, and the interaction variable with CO2 emissions.
Bo Yang; Minhaj Ali; Shujahat Haider Hashmi; Mohsin Shabir. Income Inequality and CO2 Emissions in Developing Countries: The Moderating Role of Financial Instability. Sustainability 2020, 12, 6810 .
AMA StyleBo Yang, Minhaj Ali, Shujahat Haider Hashmi, Mohsin Shabir. Income Inequality and CO2 Emissions in Developing Countries: The Moderating Role of Financial Instability. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (17):6810.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBo Yang; Minhaj Ali; Shujahat Haider Hashmi; Mohsin Shabir. 2020. "Income Inequality and CO2 Emissions in Developing Countries: The Moderating Role of Financial Instability." Sustainability 12, no. 17: 6810.
The worldwide outbreak of COVID-19 disease has caused immense damage to our health and economic and social life. This research article helps to determine the impact of climate on the lethality of this disease. Air quality index and average humidity are selected from the family of climate variables, to determine its impact on the daily new cases of COVID-19-related deaths in Wuhan, China. We have used wavelet analysis (wavelet transform coherence (WTC), partial (PWC), and multiple wavelet coherence (MWC), due to its advantages over traditional time series methods, to study the co-movement nexus between our selected data series. Findings suggest a notable coherence between air quality index, humidity, and mortality in Wuhan during a recent outbreak. Humidity is negatively related to the COVID-19-related deaths, and bad air quality leads to an increase in this mortality. These findings are important for policymakers to save precious human lives by better understanding the interaction of the environment with the COVID-19 disease.
Zeeshan Fareed; Najaf Iqbal; Farrukh Shahzad; Syed Ghulam Meran Shah; Bushra Zulfiqar; Khurram Shahzad; Shujahat Haider Hashmi; Umar Shahzad. Co-variance nexus between COVID-19 mortality, humidity, and air quality index in Wuhan, China: New insights from partial and multiple wavelet coherence. Air Quality, Atmosphere & Health 2020, 13, 673 -682.
AMA StyleZeeshan Fareed, Najaf Iqbal, Farrukh Shahzad, Syed Ghulam Meran Shah, Bushra Zulfiqar, Khurram Shahzad, Shujahat Haider Hashmi, Umar Shahzad. Co-variance nexus between COVID-19 mortality, humidity, and air quality index in Wuhan, China: New insights from partial and multiple wavelet coherence. Air Quality, Atmosphere & Health. 2020; 13 (6):673-682.
Chicago/Turabian StyleZeeshan Fareed; Najaf Iqbal; Farrukh Shahzad; Syed Ghulam Meran Shah; Bushra Zulfiqar; Khurram Shahzad; Shujahat Haider Hashmi; Umar Shahzad. 2020. "Co-variance nexus between COVID-19 mortality, humidity, and air quality index in Wuhan, China: New insights from partial and multiple wavelet coherence." Air Quality, Atmosphere & Health 13, no. 6: 673-682.
Our pioneer study is aimed at investigating the role of the service sector in affecting sustainable environment in Pakistan. Using time series data over 1971–2014 and applying an autoregressive distributive lag (ARDL) model with structural break analysis, we establish a long-term equilibrium relationship of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions with energy consumption, income level, services and trade openness. Our findings support a service-induced environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) hypothesis in Pakistan. The income level sharply raises environmental degradation at the early stage; however, after reaching a certain threshold, it improves environmental quality but at a lower rate. There exists an inverted U-shaped nexus between services and CO2 emissions, which implies that the service sector is less energy-intensive in terms of mitigating pollution in Pakistan. Moreover, the energy consumption has an inverted U-shaped effect on carbon emissions, which implies energy efficiencies and adoption of renewable energy has reduced pollution in the long run. The trade openness increases CO2 emissions in both the short term and long term. The quadratic term of income level has a negatively inelastic impact on CO2 emissions, which implies a very slow rate of improvement in environmental quality. On the other hand, the quadratic term of services shows a highly elastic impact on pollution, which induces the EKC hypothesis. Our robustness checks such as fully modified ordinary least squares (FMOLS), dynamic ordinary least squares (OLS), and Toda and Yamamoto (TY) causality tests further confirm the existence of the service-induced EKC hypothesis in Pakistan. Moreover, there exists a unidirectional causality from energy consumption to CO2 emissions, a bidirectional causal relationship between economic growth and CO2 emissions, and a unidirectional causal linkage between services and CO2 emissions. Lastly, we discuss certain policy implications for designing appropriate environmental and energy policies to mitigate the pollution in Pakistan.
Shujahat Haider Hashmi; Fan Hongzhong; Zeeshan Fareed; Roksana Bannya. Testing Non-Linear Nexus between Service Sector and CO2 Emissions in Pakistan. Energies 2020, 13, 526 .
AMA StyleShujahat Haider Hashmi, Fan Hongzhong, Zeeshan Fareed, Roksana Bannya. Testing Non-Linear Nexus between Service Sector and CO2 Emissions in Pakistan. Energies. 2020; 13 (3):526.
Chicago/Turabian StyleShujahat Haider Hashmi; Fan Hongzhong; Zeeshan Fareed; Roksana Bannya. 2020. "Testing Non-Linear Nexus between Service Sector and CO2 Emissions in Pakistan." Energies 13, no. 3: 526.
This unique study examines the interactive role of bank competition and foreign bank entry in explaining the risk-taking of banks over the globe. We used cross-country data for the banking sector from 2000 to 2016. Using the pooled regression model and Two-stage Least Squares model (2SLS with Generalized Method of Moments GMM), we document that foreign bank entry decreases the risk-taking behavior of the banks to a certain level and exhibits an inverted U-shaped relation with financial stability. Furthermore, the joint effect of bank competition and foreign bank entry brings financial fragility because host banks tend to make risky investments due to undue competition induced by foreign bank entry. We support the competition–fragility hypothesis when foreign bank entry goes beyond a certain threshold. Our results also suggest that restrictions on bank activities and capital regulation stringency reduce the level of the risk factor. We also applied various robustness tests, which further confirm our mainstream results. Our findings have policy implications for foreign investors and regulatory authorities.
Sichong Chen; Muhammad Imran Nazir; Shujahat Haider Hashmi; Ruqia Shaikh; Chen. Bank Competition, Foreign Bank Entry, and Risk-Taking Behavior: Cross Country Evidence. Journal of Risk and Financial Management 2019, 12, 106 .
AMA StyleSichong Chen, Muhammad Imran Nazir, Shujahat Haider Hashmi, Ruqia Shaikh, Chen. Bank Competition, Foreign Bank Entry, and Risk-Taking Behavior: Cross Country Evidence. Journal of Risk and Financial Management. 2019; 12 (3):106.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSichong Chen; Muhammad Imran Nazir; Shujahat Haider Hashmi; Ruqia Shaikh; Chen. 2019. "Bank Competition, Foreign Bank Entry, and Risk-Taking Behavior: Cross Country Evidence." Journal of Risk and Financial Management 12, no. 3: 106.
This study attempts to empirically investigate the impact of financial development, income, trade openness, and urbanization on carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions for the 21 Kyoto Annex countries using a balance panel data and GMM system over the period of 1970-2016. The results show a positive relationship between income and CO2 emissions in long-run. All models support the EKC hypothesis which assumes an inverted U-shaped relationship among income and environmental degradation. Financial development has a long-run negative influence on CO2 emissions, indicating that financial development reduces the environmental degradation. This means that financial development can be used as an implement to keep the degradation environmental clean by presenting financial reforms. The urbanization declines the CO2 emissions; however, it is essential for the policymakers and urban planners in these countries to control the rapid increase in urbanization. The panel causality confirms that bi-directional causal relationship between financial development, CO2 emissions, income, trade openness, and Urbanization in short-run.
Muhammad Rizwan Nazir; Shujahat Haider Hashmi; Zeeshan Fareed. FINANCIAL DEVELOPMENT, INCOME, TRADE, AND URBANIZATION ON CO2 EMISSIONS: NEW EVIDENCE FROM KYOTO ANNEX COUNTRIES. Journal on Innovation and Sustainability RISUS 2018, 9, 17 -37.
AMA StyleMuhammad Rizwan Nazir, Shujahat Haider Hashmi, Zeeshan Fareed. FINANCIAL DEVELOPMENT, INCOME, TRADE, AND URBANIZATION ON CO2 EMISSIONS: NEW EVIDENCE FROM KYOTO ANNEX COUNTRIES. Journal on Innovation and Sustainability RISUS. 2018; 9 (3):17-37.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMuhammad Rizwan Nazir; Shujahat Haider Hashmi; Zeeshan Fareed. 2018. "FINANCIAL DEVELOPMENT, INCOME, TRADE, AND URBANIZATION ON CO2 EMISSIONS: NEW EVIDENCE FROM KYOTO ANNEX COUNTRIES." Journal on Innovation and Sustainability RISUS 9, no. 3: 17-37.
Muhammad Rizwan Nazir; Shujahat Haider Hashmi; Zahid Ali. Environmental Kuznets Curve hypothesis for Pakistan: Empirical evidence form ARDL bound testing and causality approach. International Journal of Green Energy 2018, 15, 947 -957.
AMA StyleMuhammad Rizwan Nazir, Shujahat Haider Hashmi, Zahid Ali. Environmental Kuznets Curve hypothesis for Pakistan: Empirical evidence form ARDL bound testing and causality approach. International Journal of Green Energy. 2018; 15 (14-15):947-957.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMuhammad Rizwan Nazir; Shujahat Haider Hashmi; Zahid Ali. 2018. "Environmental Kuznets Curve hypothesis for Pakistan: Empirical evidence form ARDL bound testing and causality approach." International Journal of Green Energy 15, no. 14-15: 947-957.
Shujahat Hashmi; Munawar Hussain; Raja Muhammad Ahsan Ilyas; Muhammad Asif Khan. Sensitivity analysis for the determinants of investment appraisal. Audit Financiar 2017, 15, 686 .
AMA StyleShujahat Hashmi, Munawar Hussain, Raja Muhammad Ahsan Ilyas, Muhammad Asif Khan. Sensitivity analysis for the determinants of investment appraisal. Audit Financiar. 2017; 15 (148):686.
Chicago/Turabian StyleShujahat Hashmi; Munawar Hussain; Raja Muhammad Ahsan Ilyas; Muhammad Asif Khan. 2017. "Sensitivity analysis for the determinants of investment appraisal." Audit Financiar 15, no. 148: 686.
Muzammal Ilyas Sindhu; Hafiz Mushtaq Ahmad; Shujahat Haider Hashmi. Leader-member exchange relationship and organizational justice: Moderating role of organizational change. International Journal of Organizational Leadership 2017, 6, 276 -282.
AMA StyleMuzammal Ilyas Sindhu, Hafiz Mushtaq Ahmad, Shujahat Haider Hashmi. Leader-member exchange relationship and organizational justice: Moderating role of organizational change. International Journal of Organizational Leadership. 2017; 6 (2):276-282.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMuzammal Ilyas Sindhu; Hafiz Mushtaq Ahmad; Shujahat Haider Hashmi. 2017. "Leader-member exchange relationship and organizational justice: Moderating role of organizational change." International Journal of Organizational Leadership 6, no. 2: 276-282.
Lubna Zia; Muzammal Ilyas Sindhu; Shujahat Haider Hashmi. Testing overconfidence bias in Pakistani stock market. Cogent Economics & Finance 2017, 5, 1 .
AMA StyleLubna Zia, Muzammal Ilyas Sindhu, Shujahat Haider Hashmi. Testing overconfidence bias in Pakistani stock market. Cogent Economics & Finance. 2017; 5 (1):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLubna Zia; Muzammal Ilyas Sindhu; Shujahat Haider Hashmi. 2017. "Testing overconfidence bias in Pakistani stock market." Cogent Economics & Finance 5, no. 1: 1.
Muzammal Ilyas Sindhu; Shujahat Haider Hashmi; Ehtasham Ul Haq. Impact of ownership structure on dividend payout in Pakistani non-financial sector. Cogent Business & Management 2016, 3, 1 .
AMA StyleMuzammal Ilyas Sindhu, Shujahat Haider Hashmi, Ehtasham Ul Haq. Impact of ownership structure on dividend payout in Pakistani non-financial sector. Cogent Business & Management. 2016; 3 (1):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMuzammal Ilyas Sindhu; Shujahat Haider Hashmi; Ehtasham Ul Haq. 2016. "Impact of ownership structure on dividend payout in Pakistani non-financial sector." Cogent Business & Management 3, no. 1: 1.
This study has explored the effect of political unrest on economic of Pakistan and its volatility over the period of last 22 years using annual time series data, which have been further decomposed into different quarters to capture interim effects. Terrorism, election, regime and strikes have been used as political instability proxies. ARCH and GARCH models have been used to examine the outcome of political uncertainty on the economic progress, that is, GDP in Pakistan. From the outcomes of GARCH (1, 1) model through the independent variables in the mean equation, it was found that among terrorism, election, regime and strikes, only terrorism has significant negative effect on the mean equation of the dependent variable. The results of GARCH (1, 1) model with independent variables in the variance equation shows that elections and regimes have significant negative effect on volatility of GDP. The overall results imply that political instability has significant negative effect on economic growth and the government should take corrective measures to bring political stability
Aftab Hussain Tabassam; Shujahat Haider Hashmi; Faiz Ur Rehman. Nexus between Political Instability and Economic Growth in Pakistan. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 2016, 230, 325 -334.
AMA StyleAftab Hussain Tabassam, Shujahat Haider Hashmi, Faiz Ur Rehman. Nexus between Political Instability and Economic Growth in Pakistan. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences. 2016; 230 ():325-334.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAftab Hussain Tabassam; Shujahat Haider Hashmi; Faiz Ur Rehman. 2016. "Nexus between Political Instability and Economic Growth in Pakistan." Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 230, no. : 325-334.
The main purpose of this study is to examine the relationship of exchange rate with exports and imports of major South-Asian and Southeast Asian Economies. The Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) approach to co-integration and error correction model is employed to investigate the long run and short run relationship between the variables in sample economies over the period of 1979-2010. The results show that the long run relationship between exchange rate and exports exists in more than half of the sample countries; however, the relationship between exchange rate and imports is found only in one sample country. Moreover, the significant short run relationship between the variables is not found in majority of the sample countries
Ghulam Mujtaba Chaudhary; Shujahat Haider Hashmi; Muhammad Asif Khan. Exchange Rate and Foreign Trade: A Comparative Study of Major South Asian and South-East Asian Countries. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 2016, 230, 85 -93.
AMA StyleGhulam Mujtaba Chaudhary, Shujahat Haider Hashmi, Muhammad Asif Khan. Exchange Rate and Foreign Trade: A Comparative Study of Major South Asian and South-East Asian Countries. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences. 2016; 230 ():85-93.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGhulam Mujtaba Chaudhary; Shujahat Haider Hashmi; Muhammad Asif Khan. 2016. "Exchange Rate and Foreign Trade: A Comparative Study of Major South Asian and South-East Asian Countries." Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 230, no. : 85-93.
Corporate cash holdings always involve a trade-off between benefits and costs. This study investigates the determinants of corporate cash holdings. Cash flows, leverage, liquidity, cash flows volatility, profitability, growth opportunities, firm size, debt maturity, and dividend represent the independent variables in the research study. It is based on a panel data of 150 Pakistani non-financial listed firms on KSE during the period 2004 - 2012. Panel regression analysis has been conducted to determine the major factors affecting cash holdings. The results imply that growth opportunity, company size, cash flows, and profitability of the firms exert a positive effect while leverage and liquidity show a significant negative impact on corporate cash holding. The findings indicated that both pecking order theory and trade-off theory play an important role in explaining the determinants of corporate cash holdings. The findings are beneficial for managers, shareholders, investors, regulatory bodies, and researchers for developing appropriate policies.
Mohsin Shabbir; Shujahat Hashmi; Ghulam Mujtaba Chaudhary. Determinants of corporate cash holdings in Pakistan. International Journal of Organizational Leadership 2016, 5, 50 -62.
AMA StyleMohsin Shabbir, Shujahat Hashmi, Ghulam Mujtaba Chaudhary. Determinants of corporate cash holdings in Pakistan. International Journal of Organizational Leadership. 2016; 5 (1):50-62.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMohsin Shabbir; Shujahat Hashmi; Ghulam Mujtaba Chaudhary. 2016. "Determinants of corporate cash holdings in Pakistan." International Journal of Organizational Leadership 5, no. 1: 50-62.