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This work analyzed the long-run (LR) and short-run (SR) effects of renewable and non-renewable energy (RE and NRE) usage, economic development (ED), agricultural value-added (AVA), and forestry area (FA) on the environmental quality (EQ) in China spanning from 1990 to 2015. The autoregressive distributed lags (ARDL) bounds testing method and the Johansen cointegration approach are applied to produce empirical estimates. The empirical results of the ARDL and the fully modified ordinary least square (FMOLS) estimators established that renewable energy usage and forest area reduce CO2 emissions and improve the environmental quality, while non-renewable energy consumption, economic development, and agricultural output increase the level of CO2 emissions in China. The robustness of outcomes is checked through the Granger causality test, impulse response function (IRF), and variance decomposition method (VDM) suggesting that fossil fuel usage in the agriculture production process is mainly accountable for China’s CO2 emissions. These findings have inherent policy implications for the central and local Chinese government, which are exhibited in the “Conclusions” section.
Abbas Ali Chandio; Waqar Akram; Ilhan Ozturk; Munir Ahmad; Fayyaz Ahmad. Towards long-term sustainable environment: does agriculture and renewable energy consumption matter? Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2021, 1 -20.
AMA StyleAbbas Ali Chandio, Waqar Akram, Ilhan Ozturk, Munir Ahmad, Fayyaz Ahmad. Towards long-term sustainable environment: does agriculture and renewable energy consumption matter? Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2021; ():1-20.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAbbas Ali Chandio; Waqar Akram; Ilhan Ozturk; Munir Ahmad; Fayyaz Ahmad. 2021. "Towards long-term sustainable environment: does agriculture and renewable energy consumption matter?" Environmental Science and Pollution Research , no. : 1-20.
Considering the significant impact of climate change on major staple food crops in Nepal, this study aims to estimate the influence of climatic factors (i.e., CO2 emissions, average temperature, and average precipitation) and technological factors (i.e., fertiliser consumption and improved seeds) on rice production in Nepal from 1990 to 2016 using the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) approach. While controlling for cultivated rice areas, agricultural credit variables are likely other essential rice production factors. This study reveals a long-run cointegration connection among the variables. The ARDL results indicate that CO2 emissions decreased rice production by 0.13%, while average temperature and average precipitation improved rice production by 0.72% and 0.01%, respectively, in the long run. Further results show that cultivated rice area, fertiliser consumption, and agricultural credit enhanced rice production by 2.26%, 0.05%, and 0.02%, respectively, in the long run. Unidirectional causality among cultivated areas, fertilisers, seeds, temperature, CO2 emissions, and rice production was confirmed. Additionally, impulse response and variance decomposition verified the substantial impacts of climate and technological factors on rice production and variations. This study empirically confirmed that the use of agricultural technology (i.e. fertiliser consumption) significantly enhanced rice production; therefore, this study suggests that the Nepalese government should expand subsidised fertilisers so as to increase rice production and improve the income of farmers. In addition, agricultural credit plays a vital role in enhancing rice production in Nepal; to cope with climate change, the study also suggests that there is a need to launch carbon/weather financing schemes through financial intuitions in the country.
Abbas Ali Chandio; Yuansheng Jiang; Fayyaz Ahmad; Salina Adhikari; Qurat Ul Ain. Assessing the impacts of climatic and technological factors on rice production: Empirical evidence from Nepal. Technology in Society 2021, 66, 101607 .
AMA StyleAbbas Ali Chandio, Yuansheng Jiang, Fayyaz Ahmad, Salina Adhikari, Qurat Ul Ain. Assessing the impacts of climatic and technological factors on rice production: Empirical evidence from Nepal. Technology in Society. 2021; 66 ():101607.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAbbas Ali Chandio; Yuansheng Jiang; Fayyaz Ahmad; Salina Adhikari; Qurat Ul Ain. 2021. "Assessing the impacts of climatic and technological factors on rice production: Empirical evidence from Nepal." Technology in Society 66, no. : 101607.
Improving eco-efficiency can promote sustainable development. This study first evaluated the urban eco-efficiency of 84 cities in Western China from 2004 to 2017 by the undesirable-super-slack-based measure (US-SBM) and analysed their spatiotemporal characteristics, and then investigated its influencing factors using spatial econometric models. The results indicated that the urban eco-efficiency in Western China was at a relatively low level and showed a fluctuating upward trend with the highest average value of 0.65; however, capital cities of Western China have improved their eco-efficiency rapidly. Furthermore, there were obvious spatial spill-over impacts of the urban eco-efficiency in Western China. This paper also found that both the economic development level and urbanization level have “U” shaped impacts on Western China’s urban eco-efficiency, which decreases at first and then rises. Similarly, increasing the proportion of secondary industry promotes urban eco-efficiency, and FDI, trade activities, improved environmental regulations as well as technological innovation capabilities have a positive impact on urban eco-efficiency in Western China. This paper also put forward corresponding policy suggestions to promote Western China’s urban eco-efficiency. The present study may be helpful for policy-makers to balance economic development and environmental protection in Western China.
Dan Xue; Li Yue; Fayyaz Ahmad; Muhammad Umar Draz; Abbas Ali Chandio. Urban eco-efficiency and its influencing factors in Western China: Fresh evidence from Chinese cities based on the US-SBM. Ecological Indicators 2021, 127, 107784 .
AMA StyleDan Xue, Li Yue, Fayyaz Ahmad, Muhammad Umar Draz, Abbas Ali Chandio. Urban eco-efficiency and its influencing factors in Western China: Fresh evidence from Chinese cities based on the US-SBM. Ecological Indicators. 2021; 127 ():107784.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDan Xue; Li Yue; Fayyaz Ahmad; Muhammad Umar Draz; Abbas Ali Chandio. 2021. "Urban eco-efficiency and its influencing factors in Western China: Fresh evidence from Chinese cities based on the US-SBM." Ecological Indicators 127, no. : 107784.
As an important production factor, land resources significantly impact green technology innovation. However, the misallocation of land resources caused by the government's "second-hand" land supply strategy has become increasingly prominent, which will adversely affect green technology innovation by affecting the allocation of innovative elements. Based on the research data of 252 cities in China from 2008 to 2017, this paper uses panel space measurement estimation and panel threshold estimation empirical methods to test the theoretical hypothesis of the impact of misallocation of land resources on green technology innovation. The study finds that local or neighboring land resources' misallocation has a hindering effect on local green technology innovation. Furthermore, the misallocation of land resources has a threshold effect on the impact of green technology innovation. The relatively high level of local economic development and environmental regulation reduces the restraining effect of the misallocation of land resources on green technology innovation, and vice versa. Therefore, local governments should optimize the allocation of innovative elements, accelerate the construction of an efficient and market-oriented green technology innovation system, reduce the excessive intervention in land resources, and enhance the vitality of innovation entities to improve the level of green technology innovation.
Xincai Gao; Shuai Wang; Fayyaz Ahmad; Abbas Ali Chandio; Munir Ahmad; Dan Xue. The nexus between misallocation of land resources and green technological innovation: a novel investigation of Chinese cities. Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy 2021, 1 -15.
AMA StyleXincai Gao, Shuai Wang, Fayyaz Ahmad, Abbas Ali Chandio, Munir Ahmad, Dan Xue. The nexus between misallocation of land resources and green technological innovation: a novel investigation of Chinese cities. Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy. 2021; ():1-15.
Chicago/Turabian StyleXincai Gao; Shuai Wang; Fayyaz Ahmad; Abbas Ali Chandio; Munir Ahmad; Dan Xue. 2021. "The nexus between misallocation of land resources and green technological innovation: a novel investigation of Chinese cities." Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy , no. : 1-15.
As an important production factor, land resources significantly impact green technology innovation (GTI). However, the misallocation of land resources caused by the government's "second-hand" land supply strategy has become increasingly prominent, which will adversely affect GTI by affecting the allocation of innovative elements. Based on the research data of 252 cities in China from 2008 to 2017, this paper uses panel space measurement estimation and panel threshold estimation empirical methods to test the theoretical hypothesis of the impact of misallocation of land resources on GTI. The study finds that local or neighboring land resources' misallocation has a hindering effect on local GTI. Furthermore, the misallocation of land resources has a threshold effect on the impact of GTI. The relatively high level of local economic development and environmental regulation reduces the restraining effect of the misallocation of land resources on GTI, and vice versa. Therefore, local governments should optimize the allocation of innovative elements, accelerate the construction of an efficient and market-oriented green technology innovation system, reduce the excessive intervention in land resources, and enhance the vitality of innovation entities to improve the level of green technology innovation.
Xincai Gao; Shuai Wang; Fayyaz Ahmad; Abbas Ali Chandio; Munir Ahmad; Dan Xue. The Nexus between Misallocation of Land Resources and Green Technological Innovation: A Novel Investigation of Chinese Cities. 2021, 1 .
AMA StyleXincai Gao, Shuai Wang, Fayyaz Ahmad, Abbas Ali Chandio, Munir Ahmad, Dan Xue. The Nexus between Misallocation of Land Resources and Green Technological Innovation: A Novel Investigation of Chinese Cities. . 2021; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleXincai Gao; Shuai Wang; Fayyaz Ahmad; Abbas Ali Chandio; Munir Ahmad; Dan Xue. 2021. "The Nexus between Misallocation of Land Resources and Green Technological Innovation: A Novel Investigation of Chinese Cities." , no. : 1.
Energy acts as a catalyst to boost the human development index (HDI) in a country. However, the overuse of energy leads to environmental deterioration, which is a byproduct of economic development. Due to the utilization of non-renewable energy sources for a long time, worldwide environmental conditions have become alarming. This study investigates the relationship between renewable and non-renewable energy consumption, economic growth, environmental sustainability, and the human development index (HDI) in Pakistan. The investigation incorporates population growth and technology variables to form a multivariate framework. We use a fully modified ordinary least squares (FMOLS) approach to time-series data from 1990–2017. To check the robustness of estimations, we apply the Gregory–Hansen test with a causality test under the VECM to confirm this association’s directions. Our findings confirm that non-renewable energy sources have a positive association with economic growth and CO2 emissions. However, human development, technology, and renewable energy boost economic development and reduce environmental pollution in Pakistan. The co-integration results confirmed the long run connectivity among all variables. The causality outcomes support the bidirectional causality between renewable and non-renewable energy consumption, economic growth, and CO2 emissions, both in the short and long run. These outcomes suggest that Pakistan should focus on energy shifts and gradually increase the share of renewables in its energy mix under the China Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC). Additionally, the government should increase human and technological development to enhance economic and environmental sustainability.
Nabila Abid; Jianzu Wu; Fayyaz Ahmad; Muhammad Umar Draz; Abbas Ali Chandio; Hui Xu. Incorporating Environmental Pollution and Human Development in the Energy-Growth Nexus: A Novel Long Run Investigation for Pakistan. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, 17, 5154 .
AMA StyleNabila Abid, Jianzu Wu, Fayyaz Ahmad, Muhammad Umar Draz, Abbas Ali Chandio, Hui Xu. Incorporating Environmental Pollution and Human Development in the Energy-Growth Nexus: A Novel Long Run Investigation for Pakistan. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17 (14):5154.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNabila Abid; Jianzu Wu; Fayyaz Ahmad; Muhammad Umar Draz; Abbas Ali Chandio; Hui Xu. 2020. "Incorporating Environmental Pollution and Human Development in the Energy-Growth Nexus: A Novel Long Run Investigation for Pakistan." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 14: 5154.
This study attempts to investigate the short-run and long-run impact of formal credit (CR) and climate change (CC, via CO2 emissions) on agricultural production (AP) in Pakistan. In addition, other imperative control variables included in this study comprise technology factors (tractors (TRs) and tube wells (TWs), energy consumption (EC), and labor force (LF). This study used annual data covering the period 1983–2016. The autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) approach is applied to explore the cointegration between the underlying variables and used the granger causality test under the vector error correction model (VECM) context to determine the direction of causality among the variables. The findings of the ARDL bounds-testing approach suggest that there is a long-term relationship among formal credit, climate change (CO2 emissions), technology factors (tractors and tube wells), energy consumption, labor force, and agricultural production. The empirical results reveal that formal credit, technology use (tractors), and labor force have a positive and significant impact on agricultural production in both the short-run and long-run. CO2 emissions have a positive impact on agricultural production but are not significant in either case. Finally, a unidirectional relationship is established from formal credit to agricultural production; labor force to agricultural production; and electricity consumption and technology factors (tractors and tube wells) to CO2 emissions. The recent study claims that formal institutions should guarantee the redeployment of their services/amenities to those who call for them acutely, with the purpose of boosting their approach to monetary credit facilities and empower farmers to further the resilience that will capitalize on post-fruitage enrichments. Finally, considering that climatic change is a widespread fact with regional community trajectories, perhaps the global community may provide reassurance for loaning to smallholder agriculturalists through central and commercial banks by protecting the moneys that banks lend to the agriculturalists towards supporting climatic change espousal strategies.
Abbas Ali Chandio; Yuansheng Jiang; Abdul Rauf; Fayyaz Ahmad; Waqas Amin; Khurram Shehzad. Assessment of Formal Credit and Climate Change Impact on Agricultural Production in Pakistan: A Time Series ARDL Modeling Approach. Sustainability 2020, 12, 5241 .
AMA StyleAbbas Ali Chandio, Yuansheng Jiang, Abdul Rauf, Fayyaz Ahmad, Waqas Amin, Khurram Shehzad. Assessment of Formal Credit and Climate Change Impact on Agricultural Production in Pakistan: A Time Series ARDL Modeling Approach. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (13):5241.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAbbas Ali Chandio; Yuansheng Jiang; Abdul Rauf; Fayyaz Ahmad; Waqas Amin; Khurram Shehzad. 2020. "Assessment of Formal Credit and Climate Change Impact on Agricultural Production in Pakistan: A Time Series ARDL Modeling Approach." Sustainability 12, no. 13: 5241.
This study aims to explore the dynamic association among crop production, livestock production, power consumption in agriculture, forest area, and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. Based on the annual data of China, spanning the period 1990 to 2016, the study applied the auto-regressive distributed lag (ARDL) bounds testing approach. In addition, the fully modified ordinary least squares (FMOLS) canonical cointegration regression (CCR) and the Granger causality tests are employed to check the robustness of the ARDL estimations. The ARDL-bounds testing approach indicated that all variables share a long-run connection. The long- and short-run ARDL estimations confirmed that crop production, as well as livestock production, has a significant positive effect on CO2 emissions in both cases. However, power consumption in agriculture and forest area has a negative effect on it, indicating that both variables reduce CO2 emissions in the long and short run. These results stood robust under various regression estimators and confirmed the findings of the ARDL method. Additionally, the results of the causality approach specified that a unidirectional causality is running from crop production, power consumption in agriculture, and forest area to CO2 emissions. The causality between livestock production and CO2 emissions is bidirectional. Therefore, the directions of this connection also validate the outcomes under various techniques used for robustness. These findings suggest that the government must reconsider its policies related to agricultural and livestock production and adopt environment-friendly practices in the agriculture sector that may reduce the carbon footprints in the long run.
Abbas Ali Chandio; Waqar Akram; Fayyaz Ahmad; Munir Ahmad. Dynamic relationship among agriculture-energy-forestry and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions: empirical evidence from China. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2020, 27, 34078 -34089.
AMA StyleAbbas Ali Chandio, Waqar Akram, Fayyaz Ahmad, Munir Ahmad. Dynamic relationship among agriculture-energy-forestry and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions: empirical evidence from China. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2020; 27 (27):34078-34089.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAbbas Ali Chandio; Waqar Akram; Fayyaz Ahmad; Munir Ahmad. 2020. "Dynamic relationship among agriculture-energy-forestry and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions: empirical evidence from China." Environmental Science and Pollution Research 27, no. 27: 34078-34089.
Green development is an important way to meet the challenges of ecological and environmental protection and economic growth, as well as an inevitable choice to realize China’s sustainable development in the new era. The Chinese economic system is such that local government competition has become a key factor affecting regional green development under the current leadership. Based on the inter-provincial panel data of 30 provinces in mainland China from 1997 to 2017, this paper uses the total-factor non-radial directional distance function and slack-based measure data envelopment analysis (SBM-DEA) to measure the green development efficiency of the provinces. Additionally, it also uses the Malmquist–Luenberger (ML) index to decompose green development efficiency and analyzes its internal driving factors. Finally, taking environmental regulation as a mediating variable, this paper empirically analyzes the influence mechanism of local government competition on green development efficiency from three perspectives including growth competition, fiscal competition and investment competition. The study found that: the green development efficiency of Chinese regions showed a downward trend, with significant regional differences; technological progress is the key factor to improve the efficiency of green development, and its role gradually decreases from eastern to western and central regions; pure technical efficiency has become a bottleneck restricting the improvement of green development efficiency, while scale efficiency shows significant regional differences; the growth competition, fiscal competition and investment competition of local government all have a significant inhibitory effect on the efficiency of green development. This paper puts forward policy suggestions supporting enterprise technology research and development, optimizing energy conservation and emission reduction as well as improving the local government performance evaluation system for green development.
Na Zhang; Jinqian Deng; Fayyaz Ahmad; Muhammad Umar Draz. Local Government Competition and Regional Green Development in China: The Mediating Role of Environmental Regulation. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, 17, 3485 .
AMA StyleNa Zhang, Jinqian Deng, Fayyaz Ahmad, Muhammad Umar Draz. Local Government Competition and Regional Green Development in China: The Mediating Role of Environmental Regulation. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17 (10):3485.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNa Zhang; Jinqian Deng; Fayyaz Ahmad; Muhammad Umar Draz. 2020. "Local Government Competition and Regional Green Development in China: The Mediating Role of Environmental Regulation." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 10: 3485.
The present study examines the asymmetrical effect of temperature on COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease) from 22 January 2020 to 31 March 2020 in the 10 most affected provinces in China. This study used the Sim & Zhou' quantile-on-quantile (QQ) approach to analyze how the temperature quantities affect the different quantiles of COVID-19. Daily COVID-19 and, temperature data collected from the official websites of the Chinese National Health Commission and Weather Underground Company (WUC) respectively. Empirical results have shown that the relationship between temperature and COVID-19 is mostly positive for Hubei, Hunan, and Anhui, while mostly negative for Zhejiang and Shandong provinces. The remaining five provinces Guangdong, Henan, Jiangxi, Jiangsu, and Heilongjiang are showing the mixed trends. These differences among the provinces can be explained by the differences in the number of COVID-19 cases, temperature, and the province's overall hospital facilitations. The study concludes that maintaining a safe and comfortable atmosphere for patients while COVID-19 is being treated may be rational.
Farrukh Shahzad; Umer Shahzad; Zeeshan Fareed; Najaf Iqbal; Shujahat Haider Hashmi; Fayyaz Ahmad. Asymmetric nexus between temperature and COVID-19 in the top ten affected provinces of China: A current application of quantile-on-quantile approach. Science of The Total Environment 2020, 736, 139115 -139115.
AMA StyleFarrukh Shahzad, Umer Shahzad, Zeeshan Fareed, Najaf Iqbal, Shujahat Haider Hashmi, Fayyaz Ahmad. Asymmetric nexus between temperature and COVID-19 in the top ten affected provinces of China: A current application of quantile-on-quantile approach. Science of The Total Environment. 2020; 736 ():139115-139115.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFarrukh Shahzad; Umer Shahzad; Zeeshan Fareed; Najaf Iqbal; Shujahat Haider Hashmi; Fayyaz Ahmad. 2020. "Asymmetric nexus between temperature and COVID-19 in the top ten affected provinces of China: A current application of quantile-on-quantile approach." Science of The Total Environment 736, no. : 139115-139115.
In this study, we attempt to investigate the relationship between electricity consumption, foreign direct investment (FDI) and economic progress in Pakistan during the period from 1997 to 2017. We applied the unit root tests to cointegration approach with the vector error correction model (VECM) approach. We also authenticated the robustness of the outcomes with the help of the regression methods. The main findings indicated that variables are cointegrated in the long-run and the VECM approach verified long-run causal links among the variables. The short-run causality is running from electricity consumption and economic development to FDI. The results remained uniform under the fully modified ordinary least squares (FMOLS), dynamic ordinary least squares (DOLS), and the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) estimations. Correspondingly, these three methods ratified that there is a significant long-run linkage between electricity consumption and the economic development of Pakistan. Additionally, the diagnostic assessments fixed that results are free from correlations and models are stable. Thus, based on these results, electricity generation and consumption, as well as FDI, is crucial for the economic progress of Pakistan. The priority should be given to promote the optimum use of available resources to generate energy, and FDI in the energy sector should be attracted through various incentives to support the economic advancement of Pakistan. Renewable energy resources are recyclable springs that can cut the intensity of carbon emissions and encourage to the promising magnitude of FDI and also certify sustainable and economic progression of Pakistan.
Abbas Ali Chandio; Yuansheng Jiang; Fayyaz Ahmad; Waqar Akram; Sajjad Ali; Abdul Rauf. Investigating the long-run interaction between electricity consumption, foreign investment, and economic progress in Pakistan: evidence from VECM approach. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2020, 27, 25664 -25674.
AMA StyleAbbas Ali Chandio, Yuansheng Jiang, Fayyaz Ahmad, Waqar Akram, Sajjad Ali, Abdul Rauf. Investigating the long-run interaction between electricity consumption, foreign investment, and economic progress in Pakistan: evidence from VECM approach. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2020; 27 (20):25664-25674.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAbbas Ali Chandio; Yuansheng Jiang; Fayyaz Ahmad; Waqar Akram; Sajjad Ali; Abdul Rauf. 2020. "Investigating the long-run interaction between electricity consumption, foreign investment, and economic progress in Pakistan: evidence from VECM approach." Environmental Science and Pollution Research 27, no. 20: 25664-25674.
Recent industrial surge in the Northwestern provinces of China resulted in substantial energy consumption and adverse effect on the environment. Despite being less established, the Northwestern region of China has strategic importance and the use of renewable energy can potentially promote sustainable development in this region. Considering this aspect, this study aims to investigate the impact of renewable energy on environmental pollution in five Northwestern provinces of China during 1995–2014. This study uses the Nonlinear Autoregressive Distributed Lag bounds testing approach with the structural break unit root and other specifications tests. The results indicate that renewable energy positive shock has an adverse impact on the CO2 emissions of the Northwestern provinces of China. The effect of renewable energy use varies in five provinces, i.e. it is more significant in Gansu, Qinghai and Xinjiang than in Ningxia and Shaanxi. However, reduction in renewable energy consumption leads to higher level of CO2 emissions and this effect is more significant for Ningxia and Shaanxi in the long run. Furthermore, the positive shockwaves in nonrenewable energy, GDP and transportation are associated with environmental pollution in these provinces both in short run and long run. Nevertheless, the impact of negative shockwaves in nonrenewable energy consumption on environmental pollution is more significant than economic development for all provinces. Our findings suggest that: cutting down fossil fuels use can substantially improve environmental quality in these provinces; depending on the provincial geographies and government strategies, the intensity of positive impact of renewable energy towards CO2 emissions reduction differs among five provinces. Likewise, renewable energy development has abundant potential to increase the economic and ecological sustainability in the Northwestern provinces of China in the long run.
Fayyaz Ahmad; Muhammad Umar Draz; Ilhan Ozturk; Lijuan Su; Abdul Rauf. Looking for asymmetries and nonlinearities: The nexus between renewable energy and environmental degradation in the Northwestern provinces of China. Journal of Cleaner Production 2020, 266, 121714 .
AMA StyleFayyaz Ahmad, Muhammad Umar Draz, Ilhan Ozturk, Lijuan Su, Abdul Rauf. Looking for asymmetries and nonlinearities: The nexus between renewable energy and environmental degradation in the Northwestern provinces of China. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2020; 266 ():121714.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFayyaz Ahmad; Muhammad Umar Draz; Ilhan Ozturk; Lijuan Su; Abdul Rauf. 2020. "Looking for asymmetries and nonlinearities: The nexus between renewable energy and environmental degradation in the Northwestern provinces of China." Journal of Cleaner Production 266, no. : 121714.
The concept of modernization and globalization urges a tendency of bilateral cooperation and strategical relationships among the nations. Recently, China has taken the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) in 2013 to articulate the slogan of "Going global strategy.” The primary objective of the current study is to explore the nexus between energy consumption, economic growth, population growth, financial development and carbon emission (CO2) for the panel of 65 BRI countries over the period of 1981–2016. Empirical results show that energy consumption, high-tech industry, and economic growth deteriorate environmental quality but financial development and renewable energy consumption have a favorable effect for the environment. The energy consumption is positively and significantly affecting the environmental quality for all regions except the South Asian region. The overall outcomes postulate a weak association of economic indicators with carbon emissions in the long run except for Europe, MENA, and Southeast Asian regions. This present study serves as a blueprint to experts, policymakers and BRI listed government officials suggesting that they should advise the masses and industries to shift towards renewable energy sources. Furthermore, the need to install the water treatment plants near to industrial zones is pertinent. Moreover, the environment monitoring organizations and portfolio investors should arrange awareness campaigns for green investments and renewable energy dependency to accomplish visionary BRI feat.
Abdul Rauf; Xiaoxing Liu; Waqas Amin; Obaid Ur Rehman; Jinkai Li; Fayyaz Ahmad; Festus Victor Bekun. Does sustainable growth, energy consumption and environment challenges matter for Belt and Road Initiative feat? A novel empirical investigation. Journal of Cleaner Production 2020, 262, 121344 .
AMA StyleAbdul Rauf, Xiaoxing Liu, Waqas Amin, Obaid Ur Rehman, Jinkai Li, Fayyaz Ahmad, Festus Victor Bekun. Does sustainable growth, energy consumption and environment challenges matter for Belt and Road Initiative feat? A novel empirical investigation. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2020; 262 ():121344.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAbdul Rauf; Xiaoxing Liu; Waqas Amin; Obaid Ur Rehman; Jinkai Li; Fayyaz Ahmad; Festus Victor Bekun. 2020. "Does sustainable growth, energy consumption and environment challenges matter for Belt and Road Initiative feat? A novel empirical investigation." Journal of Cleaner Production 262, no. : 121344.
This paper attempts to examine the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) hypothesis for the BCIM-EC (Bangladesh–China–India–Myanmar economic corridor) member countries under the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) of China. Both time series and panel data are covered, with respect to carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, GDP per capita, energy use, and trade openness. For panel data analysis, GDP per capita and energy consumption have positive effects on CO2, while the effect of the quadratic term of GDP per capita is negative in the short-run. However, the short-run effects do not remain valid in the long-run, except for energy use. Therefore, the EKC hypothesis is only a short-run phenomenon in the case of the panel data framework. However, based on the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) approach with and without structural breaks, the EKC hypothesis exists in India and China, while the EKC hypothesis holds in Bangladesh and Myanmar with regard to disregarding breaks within the short-run. The long-run estimates support the EKC hypothesis of considering and disregarding structural breaks for Bangladesh, China, and India. The findings of the Dumitrescu and Hurlin panel noncausality tests show that there is a unidirectional causality that runs from GDP per capita to carbon emission, squared GDP to carbon emission, and carbon emission to trade openness. Therefore, the BCIM-EC under the BRI should not only focus on connectivity and massive infrastructural development for securing consecutive economic growth among themselves, but also undertake a long-range policy to cope with environmental degradation and to ensure sustainable green infrastructure.
Arifur Rahman; S. M. Woahid Murad; Fayyaz Ahmad; Xiaowen Wang. Evaluating the EKC Hypothesis for the BCIM-EC Member Countries under the Belt and Road Initiative. Sustainability 2020, 12, 1478 .
AMA StyleArifur Rahman, S. M. Woahid Murad, Fayyaz Ahmad, Xiaowen Wang. Evaluating the EKC Hypothesis for the BCIM-EC Member Countries under the Belt and Road Initiative. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (4):1478.
Chicago/Turabian StyleArifur Rahman; S. M. Woahid Murad; Fayyaz Ahmad; Xiaowen Wang. 2020. "Evaluating the EKC Hypothesis for the BCIM-EC Member Countries under the Belt and Road Initiative." Sustainability 12, no. 4: 1478.
This research has examined the dynamic linkages among climate change factors, such as CO2 emissions, temperature, rainfall, and cereal yield in Turkey from 1968 to 2014. At first step, we tested stationary properties of the climatic factors and crop yield by using both traditional and breakpoint unit root tests. After the confirmation of given properties, we used the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model to capture the dynamic relationship among the variables in the given span of time. The empirical results show that there is a long-run equilibrium relationship thar exists between climate change factors and cereal yield. CO2 emissions and average temperature have a diverse effect on the cereal yield, whereas average rainfall has a positive effect on the cereal yield in both the long run and short run. To check the causality, we use the Granger causality test that reveals a significant effect of climate change variables on the cereal yield. The unidirectional causal link is significant among temperature and rainfall factors. The results show that the cereal yield is affected by more climate factors like rain fall and temperature due to CO2 emissions as compared to land and labor use. Based on the findings of the study, few suggestions have been made to address the climate change factors. Devise agriculture-specific adaptation policy for the farmers to build their capacity and resilience to tackle climate changes, for example, farm practices. Agriculture research and development should work on cereal crop varieties that can tolerate the high temperature and precipitation. These policies could help the agriculture sector to sustain production and allocation efficiency in the long run.
Abbas Ali Chandio; Ilhan Ozturk; Waqar Akram; Fayyaz Ahmad; Aamir Ali Mirani. Empirical analysis of climate change factors affecting cereal yield: evidence from Turkey. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2020, 27, 11944 -11957.
AMA StyleAbbas Ali Chandio, Ilhan Ozturk, Waqar Akram, Fayyaz Ahmad, Aamir Ali Mirani. Empirical analysis of climate change factors affecting cereal yield: evidence from Turkey. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2020; 27 (11):11944-11957.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAbbas Ali Chandio; Ilhan Ozturk; Waqar Akram; Fayyaz Ahmad; Aamir Ali Mirani. 2020. "Empirical analysis of climate change factors affecting cereal yield: evidence from Turkey." Environmental Science and Pollution Research 27, no. 11: 11944-11957.
Urbanization has made tremendous contributions to China’s economic development since its economic reforms and opening up. At the same time, population agglomeration has aggravated environmental pollution and posed serious challenges to China’s environment. This article empirically investigates the impacts of China’s urbanization on eco-efficiency, comprehensively reflecting economic growth, resource input, and waste discharge. We first measured the provincial eco-efficiency in China from 2005 to 2015 using the Super Slack-Based model (Super-SBM). We then constructed a spatial model to empirically analyze the effects of urbanization on eco-efficiency at the national level, and at four regional levels. The results indicated that the regional eco-efficiency in China has fluctuated, but is generally improving, and that a gap between regions was evident, with a trend toward further gap expansion. We observed an effect of spatial spillover in eco-efficiency, which was significant and positive for the whole country, except for the western region. The influence of urbanization on China’s eco-efficiency exhibited a U-curve relationship. The changing trend in the eastern, central, and western regions was the same as that in the whole country; however, the trend exhibited an inverted U-curve relationship in the northeastern region. To the best of our knowledge, covering a time period of 2005–2015, this article is the first of its kind to study the impact of urbanization on eco-efficiency in China at both the national and regional levels. This study may help policy-makers to create sustainable policies that could be helpful in balancing urbanization and the ecological environment.
Li Yue; Dan Xue; Muhammad Umar Draz; Fayyaz Ahmad; Jiaojiao Li; Farrukh Shahzad; Shahid Ali. The Double-Edged Sword of Urbanization and Its Nexus with Eco-Efficiency in China. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, 17, 446 .
AMA StyleLi Yue, Dan Xue, Muhammad Umar Draz, Fayyaz Ahmad, Jiaojiao Li, Farrukh Shahzad, Shahid Ali. The Double-Edged Sword of Urbanization and Its Nexus with Eco-Efficiency in China. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17 (2):446.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLi Yue; Dan Xue; Muhammad Umar Draz; Fayyaz Ahmad; Jiaojiao Li; Farrukh Shahzad; Shahid Ali. 2020. "The Double-Edged Sword of Urbanization and Its Nexus with Eco-Efficiency in China." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 2: 446.
This study is a maiden empirical attempt to examine the long-run linkage between households’ usage of energy and economic progression in Pakistan from the period of 1972–2017. The Autoregressive Distributive Lag (ARDL) bounds testing method to co-integrate is employed to expose the causality dynamics between the variables such as households’ electricity consumption, households’ gas consumption, population growth, and per capita Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in Pakistan. The study adopted three renowned unit root approaches through the use of the Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF), the Phillips-Perron (P-P), and Zivot-Andrews (Z&A) tests to check the stationarity of the variables, while the Johansen cointegration technique is also employed to assess the robustness of the long-run association. The validity of outcomes is also checked with casualty and variance decomposition. The estimated results reveal that, in both the short and long run, households’ electricity and gas usage positively affect economic growth, while population growth in the long-run has a negative impact, but the short-run analysis has a positive impact on economic growth in Pakistan. Additionally, the Granger causality and variance decomposition confirm the robustness of outcomes and suggesting a long run association among the variables, and a unidirectional causal link running from three variables to economic growth of Pakistan in the short run.
Abbas Ali Chandio; Yuansheng Jiang; Jam Ghulam Murtaza Sahito; Fayyaz Ahmad. Empirical Insights into the Long-Run Linkage between Households Energy Consumption and Economic Growth: Macro-Level Empirical Evidence from Pakistan. Sustainability 2019, 11, 6291 .
AMA StyleAbbas Ali Chandio, Yuansheng Jiang, Jam Ghulam Murtaza Sahito, Fayyaz Ahmad. Empirical Insights into the Long-Run Linkage between Households Energy Consumption and Economic Growth: Macro-Level Empirical Evidence from Pakistan. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (22):6291.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAbbas Ali Chandio; Yuansheng Jiang; Jam Ghulam Murtaza Sahito; Fayyaz Ahmad. 2019. "Empirical Insights into the Long-Run Linkage between Households Energy Consumption and Economic Growth: Macro-Level Empirical Evidence from Pakistan." Sustainability 11, no. 22: 6291.
This study aims to investigate the relationship between China's exchange rate, foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows, and economic development. We applied the bound testing approach on aggregate level data from 1981 to 2013. The results showed that the Chinese economy benefitted from a lower exchange rate over this period, and that there was a direct link between FDI inflows and economic development on an aggregate level both in the long and short run. The results of the Granger causality test identified a long‐ and short‐run association among these variables. The GMM estimations with dummies for financial crises and RMB exchange rate policy fluctuations also confirmed the growth enhancing impact of the exchange rate and FDI inflows. To promote sustainable economic development in the future, China should focus on improving the levels of domestic investment and human capital, as well as supervising the level of openness and capital controls.
Fayyaz Ahmad; Muhammad Umar Draz; Su‐Chang Yang. China's economic development: does exchange rate and FDI nexus matter? Asian-Pacific Economic Literature 2019, 33, 81 -93.
AMA StyleFayyaz Ahmad, Muhammad Umar Draz, Su‐Chang Yang. China's economic development: does exchange rate and FDI nexus matter? Asian-Pacific Economic Literature. 2019; 33 (2):81-93.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFayyaz Ahmad; Muhammad Umar Draz; Su‐Chang Yang. 2019. "China's economic development: does exchange rate and FDI nexus matter?" Asian-Pacific Economic Literature 33, no. 2: 81-93.
Energy consumption is a crucial factor to promote industrial sector contribution in an economy for its economic progression. Indeed, Pakistan is an emerging country, but recently adjoining with a very severe deficit of electricity sources. Hence, the industry value added growth leading to economic progression is also fronting inevitable challenges to promote the industry growth. The main objective of the study is to investigate the linkages between industrial sector oil, gas and electricity consumption, and renewable energy consumption with economic development in Pakistan. The findings display evidence of cointegration and a long-run relationship between the consumption of industrial energy and economic growth in Pakistan. The results showed that industrial electricity consumption and industrial gas consumption have a positive and statistically significant impact on economic growth both in the long run and the short run in Pakistan. Industrial oil consumption negatively impacts economic growth in the long run, but positively and statistically significantly impacts economic growth in the short run in Pakistan. Moreover, indications through the vector error correction model (VECM) model confirmed bi-directional relationships of industrial sector oil consumption and economic growth in Pakistan. Furthermore, the uni-directional nexus instituted between economic growth to industrial electricity consumption, industrial gas consumption to industrial electricity consumption, and industrial oil consumption to industrial electricity consumption. The findings uncovered solid interconnections among the studied variables and suggested that the Pakistani government should build a robust policy to diminish the oil, gas, and fossil fuels consumption for electricity production, as a replacement to depend on solar, hydro, wind, and biomass energy sources in Pakistan. Consequently, the government should promote more gas concentrated projects, as these will alleviate the contests of gas dearth and provide it to the industry at cheap prices with ease.
Abbas Ali Chandio; Abdul Rauf; Yuansheng Jiang; Ilhan Ozturk; Fayyaz Ahmad. Cointegration and Causality Analysis of Dynamic Linkage between Industrial Energy Consumption and Economic Growth in Pakistan. Sustainability 2019, 11, 4546 .
AMA StyleAbbas Ali Chandio, Abdul Rauf, Yuansheng Jiang, Ilhan Ozturk, Fayyaz Ahmad. Cointegration and Causality Analysis of Dynamic Linkage between Industrial Energy Consumption and Economic Growth in Pakistan. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (17):4546.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAbbas Ali Chandio; Abdul Rauf; Yuansheng Jiang; Ilhan Ozturk; Fayyaz Ahmad. 2019. "Cointegration and Causality Analysis of Dynamic Linkage between Industrial Energy Consumption and Economic Growth in Pakistan." Sustainability 11, no. 17: 4546.
:The aim of this paper is to examine the impact of local government competition and environmental regulation intensity on regional innovation performance and its regional heterogeneity. Based on the theoretical mechanism of the aforementioned variables, this study uses the Chinese provincial panel data from 2001 to 2016. We use the super-efficiency data envelopment analysis (SE-DEA) to evaluate regional innovation performance. To systematically examine the impact of local government competition and environmental regulation intensity on regional innovation performance, we build a panel date model using the feasible generalized least squares (FGLS) method. The results indicate that: the regional innovation performance can be significantly improved through technological spillover; local governments compete for foreign direct investment (FDI) to participate in regional innovative production. Moreover, improvements in environmental regulation intensity enhance regional innovation performance through the innovation compensation effect. Our results show that the local governments tend to choose lower environmental regulation intensity to compete for more FDI, which has an inhibitory effect on regional innovation performance. Furthermore, due to regional differences in factor endowments, economic reforms and economic development levels in Chinese provinces, there exists a significant regional consistency in the impact of local government competition and environmental regulation intensity on regional innovation performance. Therefore, institutional arrangements and incentive constraints must be adopted to enhance regional innovation performance as well as to guide and foster the mechanism of green innovation competition among local governments. At the same time, considering the regional heterogeneity of local government competition and environmental regulation intensity affecting regional innovation performance, policy makers should avoid the “one-size-fits-all” strategy of institutional arrangements.
Jinqian Deng; Na Zhang; Fayyaz Ahmad; Muhammad Umar Draz. Local Government Competition, Environmental Regulation Intensity and Regional Innovation Performance: An Empirical Investigation of Chinese Provinces. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2019, 16, 2130 .
AMA StyleJinqian Deng, Na Zhang, Fayyaz Ahmad, Muhammad Umar Draz. Local Government Competition, Environmental Regulation Intensity and Regional Innovation Performance: An Empirical Investigation of Chinese Provinces. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2019; 16 (12):2130.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJinqian Deng; Na Zhang; Fayyaz Ahmad; Muhammad Umar Draz. 2019. "Local Government Competition, Environmental Regulation Intensity and Regional Innovation Performance: An Empirical Investigation of Chinese Provinces." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 12: 2130.