This page has only limited features, please log in for full access.
Sustainable tourism involves increasingly attracting visitors while preserving the natural capital of a destination for future generations. To foster tourism while protecting sensitive environments, coastal managers, tourism operators, and other decision-makers benefit from information about where tourists go and which aspects of the natural and built environment draw them to particular locations. Yet this information is often lacking at management-relevant scales and in remote places. We tested and applied methods using social media as data on tourism in The Bahamas. We found that visitation, as measured by numbers of geolocated photographs, is well correlated with counts of visitors from entrance surveys for islands and parks. Using this relationship, we predicted nearly 4 K visitor-days to the network of Bahamian marine protected areas annually, with visitation varying more than 20-fold between the most and least visited parks. Next, to understand spatial patterns of tourism for sustainable development, we combined social media-based data with entrance surveys for Andros, the largest island in The Bahamas. We estimated that tourists spend 125 K visitor-nights and more than US$45 M in the most highly visited district, five times that of the least visited district. We also found that tourists prefer accessible, natural landscapes—such as reefs near lodges—that can be reached by air, roads, and ferries. The results of our study are being used to inform development and conservation decisions, such as where to invest in infrastructure for visitor access and accommodation, siting new marine protected areas, and management of established protected areas. Our work provides an important example of how to leverage social media as a source of data to inform strategies that encourage tourism, while conserving the environments that draw visitors to a destination in the first place.
Katie K. Arkema; David M. Fisher; Katherine Wyatt; Spencer A. Wood; Hanna J. Payne. Advancing Sustainable Development and Protected Area Management with Social Media-Based Tourism Data. Sustainability 2021, 13, 2427 .
AMA StyleKatie K. Arkema, David M. Fisher, Katherine Wyatt, Spencer A. Wood, Hanna J. Payne. Advancing Sustainable Development and Protected Area Management with Social Media-Based Tourism Data. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (5):2427.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKatie K. Arkema; David M. Fisher; Katherine Wyatt; Spencer A. Wood; Hanna J. Payne. 2021. "Advancing Sustainable Development and Protected Area Management with Social Media-Based Tourism Data." Sustainability 13, no. 5: 2427.
In the United States, extensive investments have been made to restore the ecological function and services of coastal marine habitats. Despite a growing body of science supporting coastal restoration, few studies have addressed the suite of societally enabling conditions that helped facilitate successful restoration and recovery efforts that occurred at meaningful ecological (i.e., ecosystem) scales, and where restoration efforts were sustained for longer (i.e., several years to decades) periods. Here, we examined three case studies involving large-scale and long-term restoration efforts including the seagrass restoration effort in Tampa Bay, Florida, the oyster restoration effort in the Chesapeake Bay in Maryland and Virginia, and the tidal marsh restoration effort in San Francisco Bay, California. The ecological systems and the specifics of the ecological restoration were not the focus of our study. Rather, we focused on the underlying social and political contexts of each case study and found common themes of the factors of restoration which appear to be important for maintaining support for large-scale restoration efforts. Four critical elements for sustaining public and/or political support for large-scale restoration include: (1) resources should be invested in building public support prior to significant investments into ecological restoration; (2) building political support provides a level of significance to the recovery planning efforts and creates motivation to set and achieve meaningful recovery goals; (3) recovery plans need to be science-based with clear, measurable goals that resonate with the public; and (4) the accountability of progress toward reaching goals needs to be communicated frequently and in a way that the general public comprehends. These conclusions may help other communities move away from repetitive, single, and seemingly unconnected restoration projects towards more large-scale, bigger impact, and coordinated restoration efforts.
Bryan DeAngelis; Ariana Sutton-Grier; Allison Colden; Katie Arkema; Christopher Baillie; Richard Bennett; Jeff Benoit; Seth Blitch; Anthony Chatwin; Alyssa Dausman; Rachel Gittman; Holly Greening; Jessica Henkel; Rachel Houge; Ron Howard; A. Hughes; Jeremy Lowe; Steven Scyphers; Edward Sherwood; Stephanie Westby; Jonathan Grabowski. Social Factors Key to Landscape-Scale Coastal Restoration: Lessons Learned from Three U.S. Case Studies. Sustainability 2020, 12, 869 .
AMA StyleBryan DeAngelis, Ariana Sutton-Grier, Allison Colden, Katie Arkema, Christopher Baillie, Richard Bennett, Jeff Benoit, Seth Blitch, Anthony Chatwin, Alyssa Dausman, Rachel Gittman, Holly Greening, Jessica Henkel, Rachel Houge, Ron Howard, A. Hughes, Jeremy Lowe, Steven Scyphers, Edward Sherwood, Stephanie Westby, Jonathan Grabowski. Social Factors Key to Landscape-Scale Coastal Restoration: Lessons Learned from Three U.S. Case Studies. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (3):869.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBryan DeAngelis; Ariana Sutton-Grier; Allison Colden; Katie Arkema; Christopher Baillie; Richard Bennett; Jeff Benoit; Seth Blitch; Anthony Chatwin; Alyssa Dausman; Rachel Gittman; Holly Greening; Jessica Henkel; Rachel Houge; Ron Howard; A. Hughes; Jeremy Lowe; Steven Scyphers; Edward Sherwood; Stephanie Westby; Jonathan Grabowski. 2020. "Social Factors Key to Landscape-Scale Coastal Restoration: Lessons Learned from Three U.S. Case Studies." Sustainability 12, no. 3: 869.
Climate change and population growth are degrading coastal ecosystems and increasing risks to communities and infrastructure. Reliance on seawalls and other types of hardened shorelines is unsustainable in an era of rising seas, given the costs to build and maintain these structures and their unintended consequences on ecosystems. This is especially true for communities that depend on coastal and marine ecosystems for livelihoods and sustenance. Protecting and restoring coral reefs and coastal forests can be lower cost, sustainable alternatives for shoreline protection. However, decision-makers often lack basic information about where and under what conditions ecosystems reduce risk to coastal hazards and who would benefit. To better understand where to prioritize ecosystems for coastal protection, we assessed risk reduction provided by coral reefs, mangroves, and seagrass along the entire coast of The Bahamas, under current and future climate scenarios. Modeled results show that the population most exposed to coastal hazards would more than double with future sea-level rise and more than triple if ecosystems were lost or degraded. We also found that ecosystem-based risk reduction differs across islands due to variation in a suite of ecological, physical, and social variables. On some populated islands, like Grand Bahama and Abaco, habitats provide protection to disproportionately large numbers of people compared to the rest of the country. Risk reduction provided by ecosystems is also evident for several sparsely populated, remote coastal communities, which in some cases, have large elderly populations. The results from our analyses were critical for engaging policy-makers in discussions about employing natural and nature-based features for coastal resilience. After hurricanes Joaquin and Matthew hit The Bahamas in 2016 and 2017, our assessment of coastal risk reduction and the multiple benefits provided by coastal ecosystems helped pave the way for an innovative loan from the Inter-American Development Bank to the Government of The Bahamas to invest in mangrove restoration for coastal resilience. This work serves as an example for other regions and investors aiming to use assessments of ecosystem services to inform financing of natural and nature-based approaches for coastal resilience and climate adaptation.
Jessica M. Silver; Katie K. Arkema; Robert M. Griffin; Brett Lashley; Michele Lemay; Sergio Maldonado; Stacey H. Moultrie; Mary Ruckelshaus; Steven Schill; Adelle Thomas; Katherine Wyatt; Gregory Verutes. Advancing Coastal Risk Reduction Science and Implementation by Accounting for Climate, Ecosystems, and People. Frontiers in Marine Science 2019, 6, 1 .
AMA StyleJessica M. Silver, Katie K. Arkema, Robert M. Griffin, Brett Lashley, Michele Lemay, Sergio Maldonado, Stacey H. Moultrie, Mary Ruckelshaus, Steven Schill, Adelle Thomas, Katherine Wyatt, Gregory Verutes. Advancing Coastal Risk Reduction Science and Implementation by Accounting for Climate, Ecosystems, and People. Frontiers in Marine Science. 2019; 6 ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJessica M. Silver; Katie K. Arkema; Robert M. Griffin; Brett Lashley; Michele Lemay; Sergio Maldonado; Stacey H. Moultrie; Mary Ruckelshaus; Steven Schill; Adelle Thomas; Katherine Wyatt; Gregory Verutes. 2019. "Advancing Coastal Risk Reduction Science and Implementation by Accounting for Climate, Ecosystems, and People." Frontiers in Marine Science 6, no. : 1.
The ecology of an epibiont may depend not only on the dynamics of its biogenic habitat but also on microclimate variation generated within aggregations of its host, a process called physical ecosystem engineering. This study explored variation in the abundance and demography of Membranipora, a suspension-feeding bryozoan, within forests of giant kelp (Macrocystis pyrifera) off the coast of Santa Barbara, California, USA. First, we assessed differences in Membranipora abundance between the edge and interior of kelp forests. The occurrence of Membranipora on kelp blades and its percent cover on occupied blades were higher along forest edges than interiors. Second, we conducted observational studies and field experiments to understand spatial variation in substrate longevity, colony mortality, larval recruitment, and colony growth rates. A higher density of recruits and colonies occurred along forest edges than interiors, suggesting kelp acts like a sieve, whereby larvae settle to edge blades first. Moreover, growth rates along the edge were up to 45% higher than forest interiors. Reduced current speeds, combined with feeding by exterior colonies, may have lowered the uptake of suspended food particles by interior colonies. These results suggest that variation in Membranipora abundance is due in part to differences in colony growth between forest edges and interiors, and not solely the result of recruitment limitation. Our results highlight the importance of ecosystem engineers in influencing the ecological dynamics of epiphytic flora and fauna in marine systems.
Katie K. Arkema; Jameal F. Samhouri. Living on the Edge: Variation in the Abundance and Demography of a Kelp Forest Epibiont. Diversity 2019, 11, 120 .
AMA StyleKatie K. Arkema, Jameal F. Samhouri. Living on the Edge: Variation in the Abundance and Demography of a Kelp Forest Epibiont. Diversity. 2019; 11 (8):120.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKatie K. Arkema; Jameal F. Samhouri. 2019. "Living on the Edge: Variation in the Abundance and Demography of a Kelp Forest Epibiont." Diversity 11, no. 8: 120.
Urban nature has the potential to improve air and water quality, mitigate flooding, enhance physical and mental health, and promote social and cultural well-being. However, the value of urban ecosystem services remains highly uncertain, especially across the diverse social, ecological and technological contexts represented in cities around the world. We review and synthesize research on the contextual factors that moderate the value and equitable distribution of ten of the most commonly cited urban ecosystem services. Our work helps to identify strategies to more efficiently, effectively and equitably implement nature-based solutions.
Bonnie L. Keeler; Perrine Hamel; Timon McPhearson; Maike H. Hamann; Marie L. Donahue; Kelly A. Meza Prado; Katie K. Arkema; Gregory N. Bratman; Kate A. Brauman; Jacques C. Finlay; Anne D. Guerry; Sarah E. Hobbie; Justin Johnson; Graham K. Macdonald; Robert I. McDonald; Nick Neverisky; Spencer A. Wood. Social-ecological and technological factors moderate the value of urban nature. Nature Sustainability 2019, 2, 29 -38.
AMA StyleBonnie L. Keeler, Perrine Hamel, Timon McPhearson, Maike H. Hamann, Marie L. Donahue, Kelly A. Meza Prado, Katie K. Arkema, Gregory N. Bratman, Kate A. Brauman, Jacques C. Finlay, Anne D. Guerry, Sarah E. Hobbie, Justin Johnson, Graham K. Macdonald, Robert I. McDonald, Nick Neverisky, Spencer A. Wood. Social-ecological and technological factors moderate the value of urban nature. Nature Sustainability. 2019; 2 (1):29-38.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBonnie L. Keeler; Perrine Hamel; Timon McPhearson; Maike H. Hamann; Marie L. Donahue; Kelly A. Meza Prado; Katie K. Arkema; Gregory N. Bratman; Kate A. Brauman; Jacques C. Finlay; Anne D. Guerry; Sarah E. Hobbie; Justin Johnson; Graham K. Macdonald; Robert I. McDonald; Nick Neverisky; Spencer A. Wood. 2019. "Social-ecological and technological factors moderate the value of urban nature." Nature Sustainability 2, no. 1: 29-38.
Katie K. Arkema; Lauren A. Rogers; Jodie Toft; Alex Mesher; Katherine H. Wyatt; Shenique Albury-Smith; Stacey Moultrie; Mary H. Ruckelshaus; Jameal Samhouri. Integrating fisheries management into sustainable development planning. Ecology and Society 2019, 24, 1 .
AMA StyleKatie K. Arkema, Lauren A. Rogers, Jodie Toft, Alex Mesher, Katherine H. Wyatt, Shenique Albury-Smith, Stacey Moultrie, Mary H. Ruckelshaus, Jameal Samhouri. Integrating fisheries management into sustainable development planning. Ecology and Society. 2019; 24 (2):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKatie K. Arkema; Lauren A. Rogers; Jodie Toft; Alex Mesher; Katherine H. Wyatt; Shenique Albury-Smith; Stacey Moultrie; Mary H. Ruckelshaus; Jameal Samhouri. 2019. "Integrating fisheries management into sustainable development planning." Ecology and Society 24, no. 2: 1.
Much of the United States’ critical infrastructure is either aging or requires significant repair, leaving U.S. communities and the economy vulnerable. Outdated and dilapidated infrastructure places coastal communities, in particular, at risk from the increasingly frequent and intense coastal storm events and rising sea levels. Therefore, investments in coastal infrastructure are urgently needed to ensure community safety and prosperity; however, these investments should not jeopardize the ecosystems and natural resources that underlie economic wealth and human well-being. Over the past 50 years, efforts have been made to integrate built infrastructure with natural landscape features, often termed “green” infrastructure, in order to sustain and restore valuable ecosystem functions and services. For example, significant advances have been made in implementing green infrastructure approaches for stormwater management, wastewater treatment, and drinking water conservation and delivery. However, the implementation of natural and nature-based infrastructure (NNBI) aimed at flood prevention and coastal erosion protection is lagging. There is an opportunity now, as the U.S. government reacts to the recent, unprecedented flooding and hurricane damage and considers greater infrastructure investments, to incorporate NNBI into coastal infrastructure projects. Doing so will increase resilience and provide critical services to local communities in a cost-effective manner and thereby help to sustain a growing economy.
Ariana Sutton-Grier; Rachel Gittman; Katie Arkema; Richard Bennett; Jeff Benoit; Seth Blitch; Kelly Burks-Copes; Allison Colden; Alyssa Dausman; Bryan DeAngelis; A. Hughes; Steven Scyphers; Jonathan Grabowski. Investing in Natural and Nature-Based Infrastructure: Building Better Along Our Coasts. Sustainability 2018, 10, 523 .
AMA StyleAriana Sutton-Grier, Rachel Gittman, Katie Arkema, Richard Bennett, Jeff Benoit, Seth Blitch, Kelly Burks-Copes, Allison Colden, Alyssa Dausman, Bryan DeAngelis, A. Hughes, Steven Scyphers, Jonathan Grabowski. Investing in Natural and Nature-Based Infrastructure: Building Better Along Our Coasts. Sustainability. 2018; 10 (2):523.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAriana Sutton-Grier; Rachel Gittman; Katie Arkema; Richard Bennett; Jeff Benoit; Seth Blitch; Kelly Burks-Copes; Allison Colden; Alyssa Dausman; Bryan DeAngelis; A. Hughes; Steven Scyphers; Jonathan Grabowski. 2018. "Investing in Natural and Nature-Based Infrastructure: Building Better Along Our Coasts." Sustainability 10, no. 2: 523.
Coastal habitats provide important benefits to people, including habitat for species targeted by fisheries and opportunities for tourism and recreation. Yet, such human activities also can imperil these habitats and undermine the ecosystem services they provide to people. Cumulative risk assessment provides an analytical framework for synthesizing the influence of multiple stressors across habitats and decision-support for balancing human uses and ecosystem health. To explore cumulative risk to habitats in the U.S. Northeast and Mid-Atlantic Ocean Planning regions, we apply the open-source InVEST Habitat Risk Assessment model to 13 habitats and 31 stressors in an exposure-consequence framework. In doing so, we advance the science priorities of EBM and both regional planning bodies by synthesizing the wealth of available data to improve our understanding of human uses and how they affect marine resources. We find that risk to ecosystems is greatest first, along the coast, where a large number of stressors occur in close proximity and secondly, along the continental shelf, where fewer, higher consequence activities occur. Habitats at greatest risk include soft and hard-bottom nearshore areas, tidal flats, soft-bottom shelf habitat, and rocky intertidal zones—with the degree of risk varying spatially. Across all habitats, our results indicate that rising sea surface temperatures, commercial fishing, and shipping consistently and disproportionally contribute to risk. Further, our findings suggest that management in the nearshore will require simultaneously addressing the temporal and spatial overlap as well as intensity of multiple human activities and that management in the offshore requires more targeted efforts to reduce exposure from specific threats. We offer a transparent, generalizable approach to evaluating cumulative risk to multiple habitats and illustrate the spatially heterogeneous nature of impacts along the eastern Atlantic coast and the importance of spatial scale in estimating such impacts. These results offer a valuable decision-support tool by helping to constrain the decision space, focus attention on habitats and locations at the greatest risk, and highlight effect management strategies.
Katherine Wyatt; Robert Griffin; Anne Guerry; Mary Ruckelshaus; Michael Fogarty; Katie K. Arkema. Habitat risk assessment for regional ocean planning in the U.S. Northeast and Mid-Atlantic. 2018, 1 .
AMA StyleKatherine Wyatt, Robert Griffin, Anne Guerry, Mary Ruckelshaus, Michael Fogarty, Katie K. Arkema. Habitat risk assessment for regional ocean planning in the U.S. Northeast and Mid-Atlantic. . 2018; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKatherine Wyatt; Robert Griffin; Anne Guerry; Mary Ruckelshaus; Michael Fogarty; Katie K. Arkema. 2018. "Habitat risk assessment for regional ocean planning in the U.S. Northeast and Mid-Atlantic." , no. : 1.
Interest in the role that ecosystems play in reducing the impacts of coastal hazards has grown dramatically. Yet the magnitude and nature of their effects are highly context dependent, making it difficult to know under what conditions coastal habitats, such as saltmarshes, reefs, and forests, are likely to be effective for saving lives and protecting property. We operationalize the concept of natural and nature-based solutions for coastal protection by adopting an ecosystem services framework that propagates the outcome of a management action through ecosystems to societal benefits. We review the literature on the basis of the steps in this framework, considering not only the supply of coastal protection provided by ecosystems but also the demand for protective services from beneficiaries. We recommend further attention to (1) biophysical processes beyond wave attenuation, (2) the combined effects of multiple habitat types (e.g., reefs, vegetation), (3) marginal values and expected damage functions, and, in particular, (4) community dependence on ecosystems for coastal protection and co-benefits. We apply our approach to two case studies to illustrate how estimates of multiple benefits and losses can inform restoration and development decisions. Finally, we discuss frontiers for linking social, ecological, and physical science to advance natural and nature-based solutions to coastal protection.
Katie K. Arkema; Robert Griffin; Sergio Maldonado; Jessica Silver; Jenny Suckale; Anne D. Guerry. Linking social, ecological, and physical science to advance natural and nature-based protection for coastal communities. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 2017, 1399, 5 -26.
AMA StyleKatie K. Arkema, Robert Griffin, Sergio Maldonado, Jessica Silver, Jenny Suckale, Anne D. Guerry. Linking social, ecological, and physical science to advance natural and nature-based protection for coastal communities. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. 2017; 1399 (1):5-26.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKatie K. Arkema; Robert Griffin; Sergio Maldonado; Jessica Silver; Jenny Suckale; Anne D. Guerry. 2017. "Linking social, ecological, and physical science to advance natural and nature-based protection for coastal communities." Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 1399, no. 1: 5-26.
Katie K. Arkema; Mary Ruckelshaus. Transdisciplinary Research for Conservation and Sustainable Development Planning in the Caribbean. Conservation for the Anthropocene Ocean 2017, 333 -357.
AMA StyleKatie K. Arkema, Mary Ruckelshaus. Transdisciplinary Research for Conservation and Sustainable Development Planning in the Caribbean. Conservation for the Anthropocene Ocean. 2017; ():333-357.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKatie K. Arkema; Mary Ruckelshaus. 2017. "Transdisciplinary Research for Conservation and Sustainable Development Planning in the Caribbean." Conservation for the Anthropocene Ocean , no. : 333-357.
Aurora Alifano; Edward H. Allison; Katie K. Arkema; Natalie C. Ban; Xavier Basurto; Nathan Bennett; Esther Blanco; Mariah Boyle; Elena Buscher; Courtney Carothers; Elizabeth B. Cerny-Chipman; Kai M.A. Chan; Anthony Charles; Isabelle M. Côté; Rachel Donkersloot; Nicholas K. Dulvy; Tammy E. Davies; Lauren Eckert; Elena M. Finkbeiner; Nicole Franz; Elizabeth A. Fulton; David Goldsborough; Steven Gray; Benjamin S. Halpern; Julia Hoffmann; Aerin L. Jacob; Holly K. Kindsvater; John N. Kittinger; Sarah C. Klain; John Z. Koehn; Marloes Kraan; Darienne Lancaster; Heather M. Leslie; Phillip Levin; Sara G. Lewis; Jane Lubchenco; Marc Mangel; Darcy L. Mathews; Mateja Nenadović; Kirsten L.L. Oleson; Paige Olmsted; Julia Olson; Malin L. Pinsky; Anton Pitts; Éva E. Plagányi; Melissa R. Poe; Martin F. Quaas; Chris Rhodes; Leslie Robertson; Christine Röckmann; Andrew A. Rosenberg; Mary Ruckelshaus; Terre Satterfield; Jörn O. Schmidt; Steven Scyphers; Rebecca L. Selden; Kevin St. Martin; Jenna M. Sullivan; Nancy J. Turner; Nathan Vadeboncoeur; Luc Van Hoof; Björn Vollan; Rüdiger Voss; Charlotte Whitney; Esther S.Wiegers; Elizabeth A. Williams. List of Contributors. Conservation for the Anthropocene Ocean 2017, 1 .
AMA StyleAurora Alifano, Edward H. Allison, Katie K. Arkema, Natalie C. Ban, Xavier Basurto, Nathan Bennett, Esther Blanco, Mariah Boyle, Elena Buscher, Courtney Carothers, Elizabeth B. Cerny-Chipman, Kai M.A. Chan, Anthony Charles, Isabelle M. Côté, Rachel Donkersloot, Nicholas K. Dulvy, Tammy E. Davies, Lauren Eckert, Elena M. Finkbeiner, Nicole Franz, Elizabeth A. Fulton, David Goldsborough, Steven Gray, Benjamin S. Halpern, Julia Hoffmann, Aerin L. Jacob, Holly K. Kindsvater, John N. Kittinger, Sarah C. Klain, John Z. Koehn, Marloes Kraan, Darienne Lancaster, Heather M. Leslie, Phillip Levin, Sara G. Lewis, Jane Lubchenco, Marc Mangel, Darcy L. Mathews, Mateja Nenadović, Kirsten L.L. Oleson, Paige Olmsted, Julia Olson, Malin L. Pinsky, Anton Pitts, Éva E. Plagányi, Melissa R. Poe, Martin F. Quaas, Chris Rhodes, Leslie Robertson, Christine Röckmann, Andrew A. Rosenberg, Mary Ruckelshaus, Terre Satterfield, Jörn O. Schmidt, Steven Scyphers, Rebecca L. Selden, Kevin St. Martin, Jenna M. Sullivan, Nancy J. Turner, Nathan Vadeboncoeur, Luc Van Hoof, Björn Vollan, Rüdiger Voss, Charlotte Whitney, Esther S.Wiegers, Elizabeth A. Williams. List of Contributors. Conservation for the Anthropocene Ocean. 2017; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAurora Alifano; Edward H. Allison; Katie K. Arkema; Natalie C. Ban; Xavier Basurto; Nathan Bennett; Esther Blanco; Mariah Boyle; Elena Buscher; Courtney Carothers; Elizabeth B. Cerny-Chipman; Kai M.A. Chan; Anthony Charles; Isabelle M. Côté; Rachel Donkersloot; Nicholas K. Dulvy; Tammy E. Davies; Lauren Eckert; Elena M. Finkbeiner; Nicole Franz; Elizabeth A. Fulton; David Goldsborough; Steven Gray; Benjamin S. Halpern; Julia Hoffmann; Aerin L. Jacob; Holly K. Kindsvater; John N. Kittinger; Sarah C. Klain; John Z. Koehn; Marloes Kraan; Darienne Lancaster; Heather M. Leslie; Phillip Levin; Sara G. Lewis; Jane Lubchenco; Marc Mangel; Darcy L. Mathews; Mateja Nenadović; Kirsten L.L. Oleson; Paige Olmsted; Julia Olson; Malin L. Pinsky; Anton Pitts; Éva E. Plagányi; Melissa R. Poe; Martin F. Quaas; Chris Rhodes; Leslie Robertson; Christine Röckmann; Andrew A. Rosenberg; Mary Ruckelshaus; Terre Satterfield; Jörn O. Schmidt; Steven Scyphers; Rebecca L. Selden; Kevin St. Martin; Jenna M. Sullivan; Nancy J. Turner; Nathan Vadeboncoeur; Luc Van Hoof; Björn Vollan; Rüdiger Voss; Charlotte Whitney; Esther S.Wiegers; Elizabeth A. Williams. 2017. "List of Contributors." Conservation for the Anthropocene Ocean , no. : 1.
Recent calls for ocean planning envision informed management of social and ecological systems to sustain delivery of ecosystem services to people. However, until now, no coastal and marine planning process has applied an ecosystem-services framework to understand how human activities affect the flow of benefits, to create scenarios, and to design a management plan. We developed models that quantify services provided by corals, mangroves, and seagrasses. We used these models within an extensive engagement process to design a national spatial plan for Belize’s coastal zone. Through iteration of modeling and stakeholder engagement, we developed a preferred plan, currently under formal consideration by the Belizean government. Our results suggest that the preferred plan will lead to greater returns from coastal protection and tourism than outcomes from scenarios oriented toward achieving either conservation or development goals. The plan will also reduce impacts to coastal habitat and increase revenues from lobster fishing relative to current management. By accounting for spatial variation in the impacts of coastal and ocean activities on benefits that ecosystems provide to people, our models allowed stakeholders and policymakers to refine zones of human use. The final version of the preferred plan improved expected coastal protection by >25% and more than doubled the revenue from fishing, compared with earlier versions based on stakeholder preferences alone. Including outcomes in terms of ecosystem-service supply and value allowed for explicit consideration of multiple benefits from oceans and coasts that typically are evaluated separately in management decisions.
Katie K. Arkema; Gregory M. Verutes; Spencer A. Wood; Chantalle Clarke-Samuels; Samir Rosado; Maritza Canto; Amy Rosenthal; Mary Ruckelshaus; Gregory Guannel; Jodie Toft; Joe Faries; Jessica M. Silver; Robert Griffin; Anne D. Guerry. Embedding ecosystem services in coastal planning leads to better outcomes for people and nature. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2015, 112, 7390 -7395.
AMA StyleKatie K. Arkema, Gregory M. Verutes, Spencer A. Wood, Chantalle Clarke-Samuels, Samir Rosado, Maritza Canto, Amy Rosenthal, Mary Ruckelshaus, Gregory Guannel, Jodie Toft, Joe Faries, Jessica M. Silver, Robert Griffin, Anne D. Guerry. Embedding ecosystem services in coastal planning leads to better outcomes for people and nature. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 2015; 112 (24):7390-7395.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKatie K. Arkema; Gregory M. Verutes; Spencer A. Wood; Chantalle Clarke-Samuels; Samir Rosado; Maritza Canto; Amy Rosenthal; Mary Ruckelshaus; Gregory Guannel; Jodie Toft; Joe Faries; Jessica M. Silver; Robert Griffin; Anne D. Guerry. 2015. "Embedding ecosystem services in coastal planning leads to better outcomes for people and nature." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 112, no. 24: 7390-7395.
Amy Rosenthal; Gregory Verutes; Emily McKenzie; Katie K. Arkema; Nirmal Bhagabati; Leah Bremer; Nasser Olwero; Adrian L. Vogl. Process matters: a framework for conducting decision-relevant assessments of ecosystem services. International Journal of Biodiversity Science, Ecosystem Services & Management 2014, 11, 190 -204.
AMA StyleAmy Rosenthal, Gregory Verutes, Emily McKenzie, Katie K. Arkema, Nirmal Bhagabati, Leah Bremer, Nasser Olwero, Adrian L. Vogl. Process matters: a framework for conducting decision-relevant assessments of ecosystem services. International Journal of Biodiversity Science, Ecosystem Services & Management. 2014; 11 (3):190-204.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAmy Rosenthal; Gregory Verutes; Emily McKenzie; Katie K. Arkema; Nirmal Bhagabati; Leah Bremer; Nasser Olwero; Adrian L. Vogl. 2014. "Process matters: a framework for conducting decision-relevant assessments of ecosystem services." International Journal of Biodiversity Science, Ecosystem Services & Management 11, no. 3: 190-204.
Integrated coastal and ocean management requires transparent and accessible approaches for understanding the influence of human activities on marine environments. Here we introduce a model for assessing the combined risk to habitats from multiple ocean uses. We apply the model to coral reefs, mangrove forests and seagrass beds in Belize to inform the design of the country's first Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) Plan. Based on extensive stakeholder engagement, review of existing legislation and data collected from diverse sources, we map the current distribution of coastal and ocean activities and develop three scenarios for zoning these activities in the future. We then estimate ecosystem risk under the current and three future scenarios. Current levels of risk vary spatially among the nine coastal planning regions in Belize. Empirical tests of the model are strong—three-quarters of the measured data for coral reef health lie within the 95% confidence interval of interpolated model data and 79% of the predicted mangrove occurrences are associated with observed responses. The future scenario that harmonizes conservation and development goals results in a 20% reduction in the area of high-risk habitat compared to the current scenario, while increasing the extent of several ocean uses. Our results are a component of the ICZM Plan for Belize that will undergo review by the national legislature in 2015. This application of our model to marine spatial planning in Belize illustrates an approach that can be used broadly by coastal and ocean planners to assess risk to habitats under current and future management scenarios.
Katie K Arkema; Gregory Verutes; Joanna R Bernhardt; Chantalle Clarke; Samir Rosado; Maritza Canto; Spencer A Wood; Mary Ruckelshaus; Amy Rosenthal; Melanie McField; Joann De Zegher. Assessing habitat risk from human activities to inform coastal and marine spatial planning: a demonstration in Belize. Environmental Research Letters 2014, 9, 114016 .
AMA StyleKatie K Arkema, Gregory Verutes, Joanna R Bernhardt, Chantalle Clarke, Samir Rosado, Maritza Canto, Spencer A Wood, Mary Ruckelshaus, Amy Rosenthal, Melanie McField, Joann De Zegher. Assessing habitat risk from human activities to inform coastal and marine spatial planning: a demonstration in Belize. Environmental Research Letters. 2014; 9 (11):114016.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKatie K Arkema; Gregory Verutes; Joanna R Bernhardt; Chantalle Clarke; Samir Rosado; Maritza Canto; Spencer A Wood; Mary Ruckelshaus; Amy Rosenthal; Melanie McField; Joann De Zegher. 2014. "Assessing habitat risk from human activities to inform coastal and marine spatial planning: a demonstration in Belize." Environmental Research Letters 9, no. 11: 114016.
People around the world are looking to marine ecosystems to provide additional benefits to society. As they consider expanding current uses and investing in new ones, new management approaches are needed that will sustain the delivery of the diverse benefits that people want and need. An ecosystem services framework provides metrics for assessing the quantity, quality, and value of benefits obtained from different portfolios of uses. Such a framework has been developed for assessments on land, and is now being developed for application to marine ecosystems. Here, we present marine Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs (InVEST), a new tool to assess (i.e., map, model, and value) multiple services provided by marine ecosystems. It allows one to estimate changes in a suite of services under different management scenarios and to investigate trade-offs among the scenarios, including implications of drivers like climate. We describe key inputs and outputs of each of the component ecosystem service models and present results from an application to the West Coast of Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada. The results demonstrate how marine InVEST can be used to help shape the dialogue and inform decision making in a marine spatial planning context.
Anne D. Guerry; Mary H. Ruckelshaus; Katie K. Arkema; Joey R. Bernhardt; Gregory Guannel; Choong-Ki Kim; Matthew Marsik; Michael Papenfus; Jodie E. Toft; Gregory Verutes; Spencer A. Wood; Michael Beck; Francis Chan; Kai Chan; Guy Gelfenbaum; Barry D. Gold; Benjamin S. Halpern; William B. Labiosa; Sarah E. Lester; Phil S. Levin; Melanie McField; Malin Pinsky; Mark Plummer; Stephen Polasky; Peter Ruggiero; David Sutherland; Heather Tallis; Andrew Day; Jennifer Spencer. Modeling benefits from nature: using ecosystem services to inform coastal and marine spatial planning. International Journal of Biodiversity Science, Ecosystem Services & Management 2012, 8, 107 -121.
AMA StyleAnne D. Guerry, Mary H. Ruckelshaus, Katie K. Arkema, Joey R. Bernhardt, Gregory Guannel, Choong-Ki Kim, Matthew Marsik, Michael Papenfus, Jodie E. Toft, Gregory Verutes, Spencer A. Wood, Michael Beck, Francis Chan, Kai Chan, Guy Gelfenbaum, Barry D. Gold, Benjamin S. Halpern, William B. Labiosa, Sarah E. Lester, Phil S. Levin, Melanie McField, Malin Pinsky, Mark Plummer, Stephen Polasky, Peter Ruggiero, David Sutherland, Heather Tallis, Andrew Day, Jennifer Spencer. Modeling benefits from nature: using ecosystem services to inform coastal and marine spatial planning. International Journal of Biodiversity Science, Ecosystem Services & Management. 2012; 8 (1-2):107-121.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAnne D. Guerry; Mary H. Ruckelshaus; Katie K. Arkema; Joey R. Bernhardt; Gregory Guannel; Choong-Ki Kim; Matthew Marsik; Michael Papenfus; Jodie E. Toft; Gregory Verutes; Spencer A. Wood; Michael Beck; Francis Chan; Kai Chan; Guy Gelfenbaum; Barry D. Gold; Benjamin S. Halpern; William B. Labiosa; Sarah E. Lester; Phil S. Levin; Melanie McField; Malin Pinsky; Mark Plummer; Stephen Polasky; Peter Ruggiero; David Sutherland; Heather Tallis; Andrew Day; Jennifer Spencer. 2012. "Modeling benefits from nature: using ecosystem services to inform coastal and marine spatial planning." International Journal of Biodiversity Science, Ecosystem Services & Management 8, no. 1-2: 107-121.
Faced with the challenges of increased human use of coastal areas, ecologists, engineers and economists have been developing new ways to account for the protective services from coastal hazards provided by marine ecosystems. The Coastal Protection model of Marine InVEST quantifies and values the ability of biogenic habitats to provide coastal communities with protection from erosion and flooding, using process-based methods. It is composed a two sub-models: the Coastal Vulnerability Index model, and the Coastal Protection from Erosion and Inundation model. The first model maps the location of human population and provides a qualitative estimate of exposure to erosion and inundation during storms. The second model quantifies the amount of erosion and inundation avoided by natural habitats, and values this habitat in economic and social terms. Together, they inform coastal managers of the benefits provided by the natural environment and provide tools to argue for conservation and/or restoration.
Greg Guannel; Katie Arkema; Gregory Verutes; Anne Guerry; Chong-Ki Kim; Mike Papenfus; Mary Ruckelshaus; Jodie Toft. Using Natural Habitats to Mitigate the Impact of Coastal Hazards and Inform Management Decisions. Solutions to Coastal Disasters 2011 2011, 233 -245.
AMA StyleGreg Guannel, Katie Arkema, Gregory Verutes, Anne Guerry, Chong-Ki Kim, Mike Papenfus, Mary Ruckelshaus, Jodie Toft. Using Natural Habitats to Mitigate the Impact of Coastal Hazards and Inform Management Decisions. Solutions to Coastal Disasters 2011. 2011; ():233-245.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGreg Guannel; Katie Arkema; Gregory Verutes; Anne Guerry; Chong-Ki Kim; Mike Papenfus; Mary Ruckelshaus; Jodie Toft. 2011. "Using Natural Habitats to Mitigate the Impact of Coastal Hazards and Inform Management Decisions." Solutions to Coastal Disasters 2011 , no. : 233-245.
Indirect facilitation can occur when a species positively affects another via the suppression of a shared competitor. In giant kelp forests, shade from the canopy of the giant kelp, Macrocystis pyrifera, negatively affects understory algae, which compete with sessile invertebrates for space. This raises the possibility that giant kelp indirectly facilitates sessile invertebrates, via suppression of understory algae. We evaluated the effect of giant kelp on the relative abundance of algae and invertebrates by experimentally manipulating kelp abundance on large artificial reefs located off San Clemente, California, USA. The experiments revealed a negative effect of giant kelp on both light availability and understory algal abundance and a positive effect on the abundance of sessile invertebrates, which was consistent with an indirect effect mediated by shade from the kelp canopy. The importance of these processes to temporal variability in benthic community structure was evaluated at 16 locations on natural reefs off Santa Barbara, California, over an eight-year period. Interannual variability in the abundance of understory algae and in the abundance of sessile invertebrates was significantly and positively related to interannual variability in the abundance of giant kelp. Analysis of these observational data using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) indicated that the magnitude of the indirect effect of giant kelp on invertebrates was six times larger than the direct effect on invertebrates. Results suggest that the dynamics of this system are driven by variability in the abundance of a single structure-forming species that has indirect positive, as well as direct negative, effects on associated species.
Katie K. Arkema; Daniel C. Reed; Stephen C. Schroeter. Direct and indirect effects of giant kelp determine benthic community structure and dynamics. Ecology 2009, 90, 3126 -3137.
AMA StyleKatie K. Arkema, Daniel C. Reed, Stephen C. Schroeter. Direct and indirect effects of giant kelp determine benthic community structure and dynamics. Ecology. 2009; 90 (11):3126-3137.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKatie K. Arkema; Daniel C. Reed; Stephen C. Schroeter. 2009. "Direct and indirect effects of giant kelp determine benthic community structure and dynamics." Ecology 90, no. 11: 3126-3137.
Marine macroalgae are believed to be among the most productive autotrophs in the world. However, relatively little information exists about spatial and temporal variation in net primary production (NPP) by these organisms. The data presented here are being collected to investigate patterns and causes of variation in NPP by the giant kelp, Macrocystis pyrifera, which is believed to be one of the fastest growing autotrophs on earth. The standing crop and loss rates of M. pyrifera have been measured monthly in permanent plots at three sites in the Santa Barbara Channel, USA. Collection of these data began in June 2002 and is ongoing. Seasonal estimates of NPP and growth rate are made by combining the field data with a model of kelp dynamics. The purpose of this Data Paper is to make available a time series of M. pyrifera NPP, growth, and standing crop that is appropriate for examining seasonal and interannual patterns across multiple sites. Data on plant density in each plot and censuses of fronds on tagged plants at each site are also made available here. NPP, mass‐specific growth rate, and standing crop are presented in four different metrics (wet mass, dry mass, carbon mass, and nitrogen mass) to facilitate comparisons with previous studies of M. pyrifera and with NPP measured in other ecosystems. Analyses of these data reveal seasonal cycles in growth and standing crop as well as substantial differences in M. pyrifera NPP among sites and years.
Andrew Rassweiler; Katie K. Arkema; Daniel C. Reed; Richard C. Zimmerman; Mark A. Brzezinski. NET PRIMARY PRODUCTION, GROWTH, AND STANDING CROP OFMACROCYSTIS PYRIFERAIN SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA. Ecology 2008, 89, 2068 -2068.
AMA StyleAndrew Rassweiler, Katie K. Arkema, Daniel C. Reed, Richard C. Zimmerman, Mark A. Brzezinski. NET PRIMARY PRODUCTION, GROWTH, AND STANDING CROP OFMACROCYSTIS PYRIFERAIN SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA. Ecology. 2008; 89 (7):2068-2068.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAndrew Rassweiler; Katie K. Arkema; Daniel C. Reed; Richard C. Zimmerman; Mark A. Brzezinski. 2008. "NET PRIMARY PRODUCTION, GROWTH, AND STANDING CROP OFMACROCYSTIS PYRIFERAIN SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA." Ecology 89, no. 7: 2068-2068.
Andrew Rassweiler; Katie K Arkema; Daniel C Reed; Richard C Zimmerman; Mark A Brzezinski. Net primary production, growth, and standing crop of Macrocystis pyrifera in Southern California. Ecology 2008, 89, 1 .
AMA StyleAndrew Rassweiler, Katie K Arkema, Daniel C Reed, Richard C Zimmerman, Mark A Brzezinski. Net primary production, growth, and standing crop of Macrocystis pyrifera in Southern California. Ecology. 2008; 89 (7):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAndrew Rassweiler; Katie K Arkema; Daniel C Reed; Richard C Zimmerman; Mark A Brzezinski. 2008. "Net primary production, growth, and standing crop of Macrocystis pyrifera in Southern California." Ecology 89, no. 7: 1.