We have sequenced the complete mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of the leafhopper Evacanthus heimianus in Evacanthinae, the mitogenome is 15,806 bp, has an A + T content of 79.89% (A 40.7%; T 39.2% C 10.7%; G 9.4%), which is the classical structure for insect mitogenome. All PCGs started with ATN and stopped with TAN, except ATP8 and ATP6, which started with TTG. The phylogenetic tree confirms that E. heimianus and Sophonia linealis are clustered into a clade. This study enriches the mitogenomes of the Evacanthinae subfamily.

We sequenced and annotated the first complete mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of Ledra auditura (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Ledrinae) and reconstructed phylogenetic relationships among 47 species (including 2 outgroup species) on the basis of 3 datasets using maximum likelihood (ML) and Bayesian inference (BI) analyses. The complete L. auditura mitogenome (length, 16,094 bp) comprises 37 genes [13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 tRNAs, and 2 rRNAs], 1 control region, and 2 long non-coding regions. The first long non-coding region (length, 211 bp) is located between tRNA-I and tRNA-Q and the second region (length, 994 bp) between tRNA-S2 and ND1. All PCGs show ATN (Met/Ile) as their start codon and TAR as their stop codon. Except tRNA-S1 (AGN), which lacks the dihydrouridine arm, all tRNAs can fold into the typical cloverleaf secondary structure. The complete L. auditura mitogenome shows a base composition bias of 76.3% A + T (A = 29.9%, T = 46.4%, G = 13.3%, and C = 10.5%), negative AT skew of −0.22, and positive GC skew of 0.12. In ML and BI analyses, L. auditura was clustered with Evacanthus heimianus (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Evacanthinae) with strong branch support.

In this study, 18 mitochondrial genomes (mitogenomes) of Syrphidae were sequenced. These mitogenomes ranged from 15,648 to 16,405 bp and contained 37 genes that were similar to those from other Syrphidae species. Most protein-coding genes (PCGs) started with a standard ATN codon and ended with TAA/G. All transfer RNAs (tRNAs) could be folded into the cloverleaf secondary structure except tRNA-Ser (AGN), which lacks a dihydrouridine arm. The secondary structures of ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs) were predicted. Six domains (III is absent in arthropods) and 44 helices were included in the 16S rRNA, and three domains and 24 helices were included in the 12S rRNA. We found three conserved fragments in all syrphid mitogenomes. Phylogenetic analyses were performed based on the nucleotide data of 13 PCGs and two rRNAs from 76 Muscomorpha and three outgroup species. In results the paraphyly of Aschiza and Schizophora were supported, the Acalyptratae was also paraphyletic but the relationships of its superfamilies were difficult to determine, the monophyly of Calyptratea was supported with the relationships of Oestroidea and Muscoidea need to be further reconsidered. Within Syrphidae the monophyly of family level was supported, the Syrphinae were clustered into one branch, while the paraphyly of Eristalinae was still well supported.