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Damiano Remorini
Interdepartmental Research Center Nutrafood “Nutraceuticals and Food for Health”, University of Pisa, via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy

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Review
Published: 16 December 2020 in Horticulturae
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The growth of agricultural mechanization has promoted an increase in raspberry production, and for this reason, the best postharvest storage and processing techniques capable of maintaining the health beneficial properties of these perishable berry fruits have been widely studied. Indeed, raspberries are a rich source of bioactive chemical compounds (e.g., ellagitannins, anthocyanins, and ascorbic acid), but these can be altered by postharvest storage and processing techniques before consumption. Although there are clear differences in storage times and techniques, the content of bioactive chemical compounds is relatively stable with some minor changes in ascorbic acid or anthocyanin content during cold (5 °C) or frozen storage. In the literature, processing techniques such as juicing or drying have negatively affected the content of bioactive chemical compounds. Among drying techniques, hot air (oven) drying is the process that alters the content of bioactive chemical compounds the most. For this reason, new drying technologies such as microwave and heat pumps have been developed. These novel techniques are more successful in retaining bioactive chemical compounds with respect to conventional hot air drying. This mini-review surveys recent literature concerning the effects of postharvest storage and processing techniques on raspberry bioactive chemical compound content.

ACS Style

Ermes Piccolo; Leani Martìnez Garcìa; Marco Landi; Lucia Guidi; Rossano Massai; Damiano Remorini. Influences of Postharvest Storage and Processing Techniques on Antioxidant and Nutraceutical Properties of Rubus idaeus L.: A Mini-Review. Horticulturae 2020, 6, 105 .

AMA Style

Ermes Piccolo, Leani Martìnez Garcìa, Marco Landi, Lucia Guidi, Rossano Massai, Damiano Remorini. Influences of Postharvest Storage and Processing Techniques on Antioxidant and Nutraceutical Properties of Rubus idaeus L.: A Mini-Review. Horticulturae. 2020; 6 (4):105.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ermes Piccolo; Leani Martìnez Garcìa; Marco Landi; Lucia Guidi; Rossano Massai; Damiano Remorini. 2020. "Influences of Postharvest Storage and Processing Techniques on Antioxidant and Nutraceutical Properties of Rubus idaeus L.: A Mini-Review." Horticulturae 6, no. 4: 105.

Journal article
Published: 26 June 2020 in Agronomy
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In deciduous fruit species, floral bud initiation, differentiation and organogenesis take place during the summer–autumn season that precedes anthesis. Among factors able to modify the regularity of these processes, water availability represents a crucial aspect. This investigation aimed to assess the influence of different summer and autumn water deficit and re-watering treatments on floral morphogenesis, xylem vessel differentiation and quality of flower buds. Trials were carried out on two-year-old potted apricot trees (cv. ‘Portici’) which were submitted to different regimes: (i) fully irrigated plants; (ii) stressed plants in June (S1), July (S2) and October (S3) followed to re-watering. Midday stem water potential was used to determine water status, and leaf gas exchanges were measured during trials. Histological analyses on floral differentiation, xylem progression within flower buds and biological observations were carried out. Both summer water stress periods affected the floral differentiation leading to a temporary shutdown. The S1 trees were able to recover the development of meristematic apices while S2 had a strong delay. All drought treatments caused a slower xylem progression, variations in bud size, blooming entity and flower anomalies. Results particularly highlights the importance of water availability also in early autumn.

ACS Style

Susanna Bartolini; Ermes Lo Piccolo; Damiano Remorini. Different Summer and Autumn Water Deficit Affect the Floral Differentiation and Flower Bud Growth in Apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.). Agronomy 2020, 10, 914 .

AMA Style

Susanna Bartolini, Ermes Lo Piccolo, Damiano Remorini. Different Summer and Autumn Water Deficit Affect the Floral Differentiation and Flower Bud Growth in Apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.). Agronomy. 2020; 10 (6):914.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Susanna Bartolini; Ermes Lo Piccolo; Damiano Remorini. 2020. "Different Summer and Autumn Water Deficit Affect the Floral Differentiation and Flower Bud Growth in Apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.)." Agronomy 10, no. 6: 914.

Journal article
Published: 21 February 2020 in Plant Science
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The feedback regulation of photosynthesis depends on the cooperation of multiple signals, including sugars. Herein, the effect of shoot girdling was monitored on a daily basis for three days in green- and red-leafed Prunus cerasifera plants (GLP and RLP, respectively). The effect of anthocyanin presence was investigated in terms of photosynthesis, sugar metabolism and photoprotection. Net photosynthesis (A390) and stomatal conductance were reduced on the first day at 12:00 only in the girdled GLP (29 and 33 %, respectively). Moreover, the girdled GLP displayed at 12:00 higher sucrose, glucose and fructose concentrations than control leaves. Conversely, girdled RLP showed the first reduction of A390 at 18:00, with no significant differences at 12:00 in sucrose and glucose concentrations. The increased biosynthesis of anthocyanins that was only detected in girdled RLP contributed to lowering the accumulation of hexoses. Overall, these results revealed a sugar-buffering role exerted by anthocyanins that positively influence the feedback regulation of photosynthesis. Moreover, non-photochemical quenching, namely pNPQ, revealed the ability of anthocyanins to photoprotect photosystem II from supernumerary photons reaching the chloroplast, whose function was compromised by girdling. The present study provides a starting point to understand the possible link between photosynthesis regulation through sugar signalling and anthocyanin upregulation.

ACS Style

Ermes Lo Piccolo; Marco Landi; Rossano Massai; Damiano Remorini; Lucia Guidi. Girled-induced anthocyanin accumulation in red-leafed Prunus cerasifera: Effect on photosynthesis, photoprotection and sugar metabolism. Plant Science 2020, 294, 110456 .

AMA Style

Ermes Lo Piccolo, Marco Landi, Rossano Massai, Damiano Remorini, Lucia Guidi. Girled-induced anthocyanin accumulation in red-leafed Prunus cerasifera: Effect on photosynthesis, photoprotection and sugar metabolism. Plant Science. 2020; 294 ():110456.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ermes Lo Piccolo; Marco Landi; Rossano Massai; Damiano Remorini; Lucia Guidi. 2020. "Girled-induced anthocyanin accumulation in red-leafed Prunus cerasifera: Effect on photosynthesis, photoprotection and sugar metabolism." Plant Science 294, no. : 110456.

Journal article
Published: 12 September 2019 in Plants
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Advancements in techniques to rapidly and non-destructively detect the impact of tropospheric ozone (O3) on crops are required. This study demonstrates the capability of full-range (350–2500 nm) reflectance spectroscopy to characterize responses of asymptomatic sage leaves under an acute O3 exposure (200 ppb for 5 h). Using partial least squares regression, spectral models were developed for the estimation of several traits related to photosynthesis, the oxidative pressure induced by O3, and the antioxidant mechanisms adopted by plants to cope with the pollutant. Physiological traits were well predicted by spectroscopic models (average model goodness-of-fit for validation (R2): 0.65–0.90), whereas lower prediction performances were found for biochemical traits (R2: 0.42–0.71). Furthermore, even in the absence of visible symptoms, comparing the full-range spectral profiles, it was possible to distinguish with accuracy plants exposed to charcoal-filtered air from those exposed to O3. An O3 effect on sage spectra was detectable from 1 to 5 h from the beginning of the exposure, but ozonated plants quickly recovered after the fumigation. This O3-tolerance was confirmed by trends of vegetation indices and leaf traits derived from spectra, further highlighting the capability of reflectance spectroscopy to early detect the responses of crops to O3.

ACS Style

Alessandra Marchica; Silvia Loré; Lorenzo Cotrozzi; Giacomo Lorenzini; Cristina Nali; Elisa Pellegrini; Damiano Remorini. Early Detection of Sage (Salvia officinalis L.) Responses to Ozone Using Reflectance Spectroscopy. Plants 2019, 8, 346 .

AMA Style

Alessandra Marchica, Silvia Loré, Lorenzo Cotrozzi, Giacomo Lorenzini, Cristina Nali, Elisa Pellegrini, Damiano Remorini. Early Detection of Sage (Salvia officinalis L.) Responses to Ozone Using Reflectance Spectroscopy. Plants. 2019; 8 (9):346.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Alessandra Marchica; Silvia Loré; Lorenzo Cotrozzi; Giacomo Lorenzini; Cristina Nali; Elisa Pellegrini; Damiano Remorini. 2019. "Early Detection of Sage (Salvia officinalis L.) Responses to Ozone Using Reflectance Spectroscopy." Plants 8, no. 9: 346.

Journal article
Published: 14 May 2019 in Scientia Horticulturae
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Many physiological parameters were compared to identify the most sensitive and reliable indicator of grapevine water status. One-year-old potted grapevines (Vitis vinifera L., cvs. ‘Sangiovese’ and ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’) were studied under two irrigation treatments: 100% and 0% of daily water consumption. Measurements of pre-dawn (PD) and midday (MD) leaf water potential (Ψw), MD stem water potential (ΨS), leaf temperature (T°L) and stomatal conductance (gS) were taken throughout twenty days and analyzed in conjunction with climatic data, relative cumulative sap flow (RCSF) and the maximum daily shrinkage (MDS) of the vine stock. Physiological indicators showed substantial differences in sensitivity. The first indication of changes in vine water status was the increase of MDS and the decrease of gS. MDS and RCSF revealed significant differences between the two irrigation treatments even when PDΨw, up to now widely accepted as the benchmark of water status indicators, did not show any significant variation. Measurements of water potential showed ΨS to be a better indicator of vine water status than Ψw and T°L. In conclusion, we classified the tested indicators according to a descending order of their early detection capability: gS = MDS > RCSF > PDΨw = MDΨS > T°L > MDΨw.

ACS Style

L. Tuccio; Ermes Lo Piccolo; R. Battelli; S. Matteoli; Rossano Massai; G. Scalabrelli; D. Remorini. Physiological indicators to assess water status in potted grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.). Scientia Horticulturae 2019, 255, 8 -13.

AMA Style

L. Tuccio, Ermes Lo Piccolo, R. Battelli, S. Matteoli, Rossano Massai, G. Scalabrelli, D. Remorini. Physiological indicators to assess water status in potted grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.). Scientia Horticulturae. 2019; 255 ():8-13.

Chicago/Turabian Style

L. Tuccio; Ermes Lo Piccolo; R. Battelli; S. Matteoli; Rossano Massai; G. Scalabrelli; D. Remorini. 2019. "Physiological indicators to assess water status in potted grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.)." Scientia Horticulturae 255, no. : 8-13.

Journal article
Published: 07 May 2019 in Molecules
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Ancient apple cultivars usually have higher nutraceutical value than commercial ones, but in most cases their variability in pomological traits does not allow us to discriminate among them. Fruit of two Tuscany ancient apple cultivars, 'Casciana' and 'Rotella', picked from eight different orchards (four for each cultivar) were analyzed for their pomological traits, organoleptic qualities, polyphenolic profile and antiradical activity. The effectiveness of a polyphenol-based cluster analysis was compared to molecular markers (internal transcribed spacers, ITS1 and ITS2) to unequivocally discern the two apples. 'Casciana' and 'Rotella' fruit had a higher nutraceutical value than some commercial cultivars, in terms of phenolic abundance, profile and total antiradical activity. Although pedo-climatic conditions of different orchards influenced the phenolic profile of both apples, the polyphenolic discriminant analysis clearly separated the two cultivars, principally due to higher amounts of procyanidin B2, procyanidin B3 and p-coumaroylquinic acid in 'Casciana' than in 'Rotella' fruit. These three polyphenols can be used proficiently as biochemical markers for distinguishing the two apples when pomological traits cannot. Conversely, ITS1 and ITS2 polymorphism did not allow us to distinguish 'Casciana' from 'Rotella' fruit. Overall, the use of polyphenolic fingerprint might represent a valid tool to ensure the traceability of products with a high economic value.

ACS Style

Ermes Lo Piccolo; Ambra Viviani; Lucia Guidi; Damiano Remorini; Rossano Massai; Rodolfo Bernardi; Marco Landi. Discerning between Two Tuscany (Italy) Ancient Apple cultivars, 'Rotella' and 'Casciana', through Polyphenolic Fingerprint and Molecular Markers. Molecules 2019, 24, 1758 .

AMA Style

Ermes Lo Piccolo, Ambra Viviani, Lucia Guidi, Damiano Remorini, Rossano Massai, Rodolfo Bernardi, Marco Landi. Discerning between Two Tuscany (Italy) Ancient Apple cultivars, 'Rotella' and 'Casciana', through Polyphenolic Fingerprint and Molecular Markers. Molecules. 2019; 24 (9):1758.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ermes Lo Piccolo; Ambra Viviani; Lucia Guidi; Damiano Remorini; Rossano Massai; Rodolfo Bernardi; Marco Landi. 2019. "Discerning between Two Tuscany (Italy) Ancient Apple cultivars, 'Rotella' and 'Casciana', through Polyphenolic Fingerprint and Molecular Markers." Molecules 24, no. 9: 1758.

Journal article
Published: 18 August 2018 in Tree Physiology
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Over the past decades, introduction of many fast-growing hygrophilic, and economically valuable plants into xeric environments has occurred. However, production and even survival of these species may be threatened by harsh climatic conditions unless an effective physiological and metabolic plasticity is available. Moringa oleifera Lam., a multipurpose tree originating from humid sub-tropical regions of India, is widely cultivated in many arid countries because of its multiple uses. We tested whether M. oleifera can adjust primary and secondary metabolism to efficiently cope with increasing water stress. It is shown that M. oleifera possesses an effective isohydric behavior. Water stress induced a quick and strong stomatal closure, driven by abscisic acid (ABA) accumulation, and leading to photosynthesis inhibition with consequent negative effects on biomass production. However, photochemistry was not impaired and maximal fluorescence and saturating photosynthesis remained unaffected in stressed leaves. We report for the first time that M. oleifera produces isoprene, and show that isoprene emission increased three-fold during stress progression. It is proposed that higher isoprene biosynthesis helps leaves cope with water stress through its antioxidant or membrane stabilizing action, and also indicates a general MEP (methylerythritol 4-phosphate) pathway activation that further helps protect photosynthesis under water stress. Increased concentrations of antioxidant flavonoids were also observed in water stressed leaves, and probably cooperate in limiting irreversible effects of the stress in M. oleifera leaves. The observed metabolic and phenotypic plasticity may facilitate the establishment of M. oleifera in xeric environments, sustaining the economic and environmental value of this plant.

ACS Style

Cecilia Brunetti; Francesco Loreto; Francesco Ferrini; Antonella Gori; Lucia Guidi; Damiano Remorini; Mauro Centritto; Alessio Fini; Massimiliano Tattini. Metabolic plasticity in the hygrophyte Moringa oleifera exposed to water stress. Tree Physiology 2018, 38, 1640 -1654.

AMA Style

Cecilia Brunetti, Francesco Loreto, Francesco Ferrini, Antonella Gori, Lucia Guidi, Damiano Remorini, Mauro Centritto, Alessio Fini, Massimiliano Tattini. Metabolic plasticity in the hygrophyte Moringa oleifera exposed to water stress. Tree Physiology. 2018; 38 (11):1640-1654.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Cecilia Brunetti; Francesco Loreto; Francesco Ferrini; Antonella Gori; Lucia Guidi; Damiano Remorini; Mauro Centritto; Alessio Fini; Massimiliano Tattini. 2018. "Metabolic plasticity in the hygrophyte Moringa oleifera exposed to water stress." Tree Physiology 38, no. 11: 1640-1654.

Journal article
Published: 14 June 2017 in Environmental Science and Pollution Research
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The predicted effects of global change (GC) will be exacerbated in the more densely populated cities of the future, especially in the Mediterranean basin where some environmental cues, such as drought and tropospheric ozone (O3) pollution, already mine seriously plant survival. Physiological and biochemical responses of a Mediterranean, evergreen, isohydric plant species (Quercus ilex) were compared to those of a sympatric, deciduous, anisohydric species (Q. pubescens) under severe drought (20% of the effective daily evapotranspiration) and/or chronic O3 exposure (80 ppb for 5 h day−1 for 28 consecutive days) to test which one was more successful in those highly limiting conditions. Results show that (i) the lower reduction of total leaf biomass of Q. ilex as compared to Q. pubescens when subjected to drought and drought × O3 (on average −59 vs −70%, respectively); (ii) the steeper decline of photosynthesis found in Q. pubescens under drought (−87 vs −81%) and drought × O3 (−69 vs −59%, respectively); (iii) the increments of malondialdehyde (MDA) by-products found only in drought-stressed Q. pubescens; (iv) the impact of O3, found only in Q. pubescens leaves and MDA, can be considered the best probes of the superiority of Q. ilex to counteract the effect of mild-severe drought and O3 stress. Also, an antagonistic effect was found when drought and O3 were applied simultaneously, as usually happens during typical Mediterranean summers. Our dataset suggests that on future, the urban greening should be wisely pondered on the ability of trees to cope the most impacting factors of GC, and in particular their simultaneity.

ACS Style

Lorenzo Cotrozzi; Damiano Remorini; Elisa Pellegrini; Lucia Guidi; Cristina Nali; Giacomo Lorenzini; Rossano Massai; Marco Landi. Living in a Mediterranean city in 2050: broadleaf or evergreen ‘citizens’? Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2017, 25, 8161 -8173.

AMA Style

Lorenzo Cotrozzi, Damiano Remorini, Elisa Pellegrini, Lucia Guidi, Cristina Nali, Giacomo Lorenzini, Rossano Massai, Marco Landi. Living in a Mediterranean city in 2050: broadleaf or evergreen ‘citizens’? Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2017; 25 (9):8161-8173.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lorenzo Cotrozzi; Damiano Remorini; Elisa Pellegrini; Lucia Guidi; Cristina Nali; Giacomo Lorenzini; Rossano Massai; Marco Landi. 2017. "Living in a Mediterranean city in 2050: broadleaf or evergreen ‘citizens’?" Environmental Science and Pollution Research 25, no. 9: 8161-8173.

Journal article
Published: 29 April 2017 in Forests
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Global climate change represents a moving target for plant acclimation and/or adaptation, especially in the Mediterranean basin. In this study, the interactions of severe drought (20% of the effective daily evapotranspiration) and O3 fumigation (80 ppb, 5 h day−1, for 28 consecutive days) on (i) photosynthetic performance, (ii) cell membrane stability, (iii) hydric relations, (iv) accumulation of compatible solutes, and (v) lipophilic antioxidant compounds were investigated in young Quercus cerris plants. In addition to the typical drought-induced stomatal closure, imposition of water withholding dramatically influenced the profile of stress-associated metabolites, i.e., abscisic acid (ABA), proline, and lipophilic antioxidants. However, plants were not able to delay or prevent the negative effects of water deficit, the greatest impacting factor in this study. This translated into a steep decline of photosynthetic efficiency, leaf hydration, and membrane fluidity and permeability. When water stress was coupled with O3, plants orchestrated cross-talk among ABA, proline, and sugar in fully-expanded mature leaves, partially leading to a premature senescence.

ACS Style

Lorenzo Cotrozzi; Damiano Remorini; Elisa Pellegrini; Lucia Guidi; Giacomo Lorenzini; Rossano Massai; Cristina Nali; Marco Landi. Cross-Talk between Physiological and Metabolic Adjustments Adopted by Quercus cerris to Mitigate the Effects of Severe Drought and Realistic Future Ozone Concentrations. Forests 2017, 8, 148 .

AMA Style

Lorenzo Cotrozzi, Damiano Remorini, Elisa Pellegrini, Lucia Guidi, Giacomo Lorenzini, Rossano Massai, Cristina Nali, Marco Landi. Cross-Talk between Physiological and Metabolic Adjustments Adopted by Quercus cerris to Mitigate the Effects of Severe Drought and Realistic Future Ozone Concentrations. Forests. 2017; 8 (5):148.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lorenzo Cotrozzi; Damiano Remorini; Elisa Pellegrini; Lucia Guidi; Giacomo Lorenzini; Rossano Massai; Cristina Nali; Marco Landi. 2017. "Cross-Talk between Physiological and Metabolic Adjustments Adopted by Quercus cerris to Mitigate the Effects of Severe Drought and Realistic Future Ozone Concentrations." Forests 8, no. 5: 148.

Journal article
Published: 26 October 2016 in Tree Physiology
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Ozone (O3) and salinity are usually tested as combined factors on plant performance. However, the response to a single episode of O3 in plants already stressed by an excess of NaCl as occurs in the natural environment has never been investigated, but is important given that it is commonly experienced in Mediterranean areas. Three-year-old Quercus ilex L. (holm oak) saplings were exposed to salinity (150 mM NaCl, 15 days), and the effect on photosynthesis, hydric relations and ion partitioning was evaluated (Experiment I). In Experiment II, salt-treated saplings were exposed to 80 nl l−1 of O3 for 5 h, which is a realistic dose in a Mediterranean environment. Gas exchanges, chlorophyll fluorescence and antioxidant systems were characterized to test whether the salt-induced stomatal closure limited O3 uptake and stress or whether the pollutant represents an additional stressor for plants. Salt-dependent stomatal closure depressed the photosynthetic process (−71.6% of light-saturated rate of photosynthesis (A380)) and strongly enhanced the dissipation of energy via the xanthophyll cycle. However, salt-treated plants had higher values of net assimilation rate/stomatal conductance (A/gs) than the controls, which was attributable to a greater mesophyll conductance gm/gs and carboxylation efficiency (higher gm/maximal rate of Rubisco carboxylation (Vcmax)), thus suggesting no damage to chloroplasts. O3 did not exacerbate the effect of salinity on photosynthesis, however a general enhancement of the Halliwell-Asada cycle was necessary to counteract the O3-triggered oxidative stress. Despite the 79.4% gs reduction in salt-stressed plants, which strongly limited the O3 uptake, a single peak in the air pollutant led to an additional burden for the antioxidant system when plants had been previously subjected to salinity.

ACS Style

Lucia Guidi; Damiano Remorini; Lorenzo Cotrozzi; Tommaso Giordani; Giacomo Lorenzini; Rossano Massai; Cristina Nali; Lucia Natali; Elisa Pellegrini; Alice Trivellini; Alberto Vangelisti; Paolo Vernieri; Marco Landi. The harsh life of an urban tree: the effect of a single pulse of ozone in salt-stressedQuercus ilexsaplings. Tree Physiology 2016, 37, 246 -260.

AMA Style

Lucia Guidi, Damiano Remorini, Lorenzo Cotrozzi, Tommaso Giordani, Giacomo Lorenzini, Rossano Massai, Cristina Nali, Lucia Natali, Elisa Pellegrini, Alice Trivellini, Alberto Vangelisti, Paolo Vernieri, Marco Landi. The harsh life of an urban tree: the effect of a single pulse of ozone in salt-stressedQuercus ilexsaplings. Tree Physiology. 2016; 37 (2):246-260.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lucia Guidi; Damiano Remorini; Lorenzo Cotrozzi; Tommaso Giordani; Giacomo Lorenzini; Rossano Massai; Cristina Nali; Lucia Natali; Elisa Pellegrini; Alice Trivellini; Alberto Vangelisti; Paolo Vernieri; Marco Landi. 2016. "The harsh life of an urban tree: the effect of a single pulse of ozone in salt-stressedQuercus ilexsaplings." Tree Physiology 37, no. 2: 246-260.

Journal article
Published: 01 April 2016 in Journal of Plant Physiology
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The performance of a salt-tolerant pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) accession (A25) utilized as a rootstock was assessed in two experiments. In a first field experiment under natural salinity conditions, we observed a larger amount of marketable fruit (+75%) and lower Blossom-end Root incidence (−31%) in commercial pepper cultivar Adige (A) grafted onto A25 (A/A25) when compared with ungrafted plants. In order to understand this behavior a second greenhouse experiment was conducted to determine growth, mineral partitioning, gas exchange and chlorophyll a fluorescence parameters, antioxidant systems and proline content in A and A/A25 plants under salinity conditions (80 mM NaCl for 14 days). Salt stress induced significantly stunted growth of A plants (−40.6% of leaf dry weight) compared to the control conditions, while no alterations were observed in A/A25 at the end of the experiment. Accumulation of Na+ and Cl− in leaves and roots was similar in either grafted or ungrafted plants. Despite the activation of protective mechanisms (increment of superoxide dismutase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase activity and non-photochemical quenching), A plants showed severely reduced photosynthetic CO2 assimilation (−45.6% of AN390) and substantial buildup of malondialdehyde (MDA) by-product, suggesting the inability to counteract salt-triggered damage. In contrast, A/A25 plants, which had a constitutive enhanced root apparatus, were able to maintain the shoot and root growth under salinity conditions by supporting the maintained photosynthetic performance. No increases in catalase and ascorbate peroxidase activities were observed in response to salinity, and MDA levels increased only slightly; indicating that alleviation of oxidative stress did not occur in A/A25 plants. In these plants the increased proline levels could protect enzymatic stability from salt-triggered damage, preserving the photosynthetic performance. The results could indicate that salt stress was vanished by the lack of negative effects on photosynthesis that support the maintained plant growth and increased marketable yield of the grafted plants.

ACS Style

Consuelo Penella; Marco Landi; Lucia Guidi; Sergio G. Nebauer; Elisa Pellegrini; Alberto San Bautista; Damiano Remorini; Cristina Nali; Salvador López-Galarza; Angeles Calatayud. Salt-tolerant rootstock increases yield of pepper under salinity through maintenance of photosynthetic performance and sinks strength. Journal of Plant Physiology 2016, 193, 1 -11.

AMA Style

Consuelo Penella, Marco Landi, Lucia Guidi, Sergio G. Nebauer, Elisa Pellegrini, Alberto San Bautista, Damiano Remorini, Cristina Nali, Salvador López-Galarza, Angeles Calatayud. Salt-tolerant rootstock increases yield of pepper under salinity through maintenance of photosynthetic performance and sinks strength. Journal of Plant Physiology. 2016; 193 ():1-11.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Consuelo Penella; Marco Landi; Lucia Guidi; Sergio G. Nebauer; Elisa Pellegrini; Alberto San Bautista; Damiano Remorini; Cristina Nali; Salvador López-Galarza; Angeles Calatayud. 2016. "Salt-tolerant rootstock increases yield of pepper under salinity through maintenance of photosynthetic performance and sinks strength." Journal of Plant Physiology 193, no. : 1-11.

Journal article
Published: 04 September 2015 in Journal of Food Processing and Preservation
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In this work, we tested the hypothesis that ascorbic acid (AA) reduces browning of fresh-cut apples (Red Delicious, RD, and Granny Smith, GS), and we investigated the impact of AA on phenylpropanoid metabolism of RD and GS. Apple slices were dipped in a solution of 100 mg/L of chlorine dioxide (ClO2) and ClO2 + 3% AA and stored at 4C for 96 h. Flesh firmness, solid soluble content and browning index, total phenols and flavonoids, and the activity of peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase were monitored upon storage (0, 48 and 96 h). Our results demonstrated that GS is less sensitive to browning and thus more suitable for minimally processed produce. Ascorbate reduces the browning index also in RD, a cultivar largely appreciated by consumers but more prone to browning. AA likely contrasts browning appearance by interacting with peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase and/or promoting the regeneration of phenols and flavonoids.Practical ApplicationsBrowning of fresh-cut apple is one of the main problems that limit the shelf life of this type of produce. Given that this produce is highly appreciated by consumers, different antibrowning treatments have been tested to extend the shelf life of fresh-cut apple. We found that treatment with 100 mg/L of ClO2 + 3% of ascorbic acid significantly reduces the browning appearance in apple slices. Browning was also reduced in Red Delicious cultivar that is more prone than Granny Smith to this phenomenon, but that is highly appreciated by consumers.

ACS Style

Damiano Remorini; Marco Landi; Francesca Tardelli; Arianna Lugani; Rossano Massai; Giulia Graziani; Vincenzo Fogliano; Lucia Guidi. Effect of Chlorine Dioxide and Ascorbic Acid on Enzymatic Browning and Shelf Life of Fresh-Cut Red Delicious and Granny Smith Apples. Journal of Food Processing and Preservation 2015, 39, 2925 -2934.

AMA Style

Damiano Remorini, Marco Landi, Francesca Tardelli, Arianna Lugani, Rossano Massai, Giulia Graziani, Vincenzo Fogliano, Lucia Guidi. Effect of Chlorine Dioxide and Ascorbic Acid on Enzymatic Browning and Shelf Life of Fresh-Cut Red Delicious and Granny Smith Apples. Journal of Food Processing and Preservation. 2015; 39 (6):2925-2934.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Damiano Remorini; Marco Landi; Francesca Tardelli; Arianna Lugani; Rossano Massai; Giulia Graziani; Vincenzo Fogliano; Lucia Guidi. 2015. "Effect of Chlorine Dioxide and Ascorbic Acid on Enzymatic Browning and Shelf Life of Fresh-Cut Red Delicious and Granny Smith Apples." Journal of Food Processing and Preservation 39, no. 6: 2925-2934.

Journal article
Published: 05 June 2015 in IEEE Sensors Journal
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This paper presents an automated approach for peach fruit maturity grading that, by exploiting fiber-optic spectroscopy-based sensors and multivariate processing techniques, minimizes the operator intervention while reducing discharge and waste. The use of a spectroscopic sensor complies with the so-called nondestructive measurement method, which enables fast repeated measurements to be performed at the single fruit level while avoiding fruit damage and loss. Maturity grading is accomplished by retrieving estimates of the fruit flesh firmness by means of multivariate retrieval techniques applied to the reflectance spectra acquired with the spectrometer and by processing the retrieved values within the framework of a maturity fuzzy classifier. A decision support system is developed to provide the user with maturity category decision and associated reliability. Experimental results show that the approach is effective for automated maturity grading of peach fruits affected by a high degree of variability. This paper lays the foundations for the realization of easy-to-use sustainable automated maturity grading systems.

ACS Style

Stefania Matteoli; Marco Diani; Rossano Massai; Giovanni Corsini; Damiano Remorini. A Spectroscopy-based Approach for Automated Non-Destructive Maturity Grading of Peach Fruits. IEEE Sensors Journal 2015, 15, 1 -1.

AMA Style

Stefania Matteoli, Marco Diani, Rossano Massai, Giovanni Corsini, Damiano Remorini. A Spectroscopy-based Approach for Automated Non-Destructive Maturity Grading of Peach Fruits. IEEE Sensors Journal. 2015; 15 (10):1-1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Stefania Matteoli; Marco Diani; Rossano Massai; Giovanni Corsini; Damiano Remorini. 2015. "A Spectroscopy-based Approach for Automated Non-Destructive Maturity Grading of Peach Fruits." IEEE Sensors Journal 15, no. 10: 1-1.

Journal article
Published: 23 June 2014 in Semina: Ciências Agrárias
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Débora Leitzke Betemps; José Carlos Fachinello; Simone Padilha Galarça; Nicácia Portela Machado; Damiano Remorini; Rossano Massai; Giovanni Agati. Espectroscopia do visível e infra-vermelho próximo para estimar sólidos solúveis e firmeza de polpa em função da época de colheita em pêssegos. Semina: Ciências Agrárias 2014, 35, 1257 .

AMA Style

Débora Leitzke Betemps, José Carlos Fachinello, Simone Padilha Galarça, Nicácia Portela Machado, Damiano Remorini, Rossano Massai, Giovanni Agati. Espectroscopia do visível e infra-vermelho próximo para estimar sólidos solúveis e firmeza de polpa em função da época de colheita em pêssegos. Semina: Ciências Agrárias. 2014; 35 (3):1257.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Débora Leitzke Betemps; José Carlos Fachinello; Simone Padilha Galarça; Nicácia Portela Machado; Damiano Remorini; Rossano Massai; Giovanni Agati. 2014. "Espectroscopia do visível e infra-vermelho próximo para estimar sólidos solúveis e firmeza de polpa em função da época de colheita em pêssegos." Semina: Ciências Agrárias 35, no. 3: 1257.

Comparative study
Published: 05 May 2014 in Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
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Fresh-cut produce represents a good method to save about 25% of the kiwifruit not useful to meet the fresh fruit-marketing standard due to improper size and shape. For that reason, fresh-cut kiwifruit has been extensively studied. However, the comprehension of the influence of some aspects of cultivation might further increase the shelf life as well as the nutritional values of that fruit. This study explored the hypothesis that kiwifruits grown fully exposed to sunlight or partially shaded differently perform upon storage as whole fruit and as minimally processed produce. Flesh firmness (FF), total solids soluble (SSC), ascorbate (AAT), flavonoids (TFO), and phenols (TF) contents were evaluated in sliced and whole fruit upon 3 days of storage at 4 °C after 75 days of cold chamber storage at 0 °C. The activities of two enzymes related to the softening process, polygalacturonase (PG) and pectinmethylesterase (PME), were evaluated as well. FF and SSC were constitutively higher in sun-exposed fruit, and those characteristics remained higher during the storage as whole fruit. Greater constitutive content of AAT, TFO, and TP was found in sun-exposed whole fruit, although after cutting the reduction in their content was significantly lower in shaded fruits. PME and PG activities were higher only in whole shaded fruits, whereas no relevant differences occurred after cutting. In summary, sun-exposed fruits were more suitable for the fresh-fruit market, whereas the shaded counterpart displayed a good predisposition for use as fresh-cut produce, maintaining similar fruit maturity properties but higher nutraceutical values when sliced than fruit grown under full sun.

ACS Style

Marco Landi; Francesca Tardelli; Damiano Remorini; Rossano Massai; Lucia Guidi. Do Sun- versus Shade-Grown Kiwifruits Perform Differently upon Storage? An Overview of Fruit Maturity and Nutraceutical Properties of Whole and Fresh-Cut Produce. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 2014, 62, 4377 -4383.

AMA Style

Marco Landi, Francesca Tardelli, Damiano Remorini, Rossano Massai, Lucia Guidi. Do Sun- versus Shade-Grown Kiwifruits Perform Differently upon Storage? An Overview of Fruit Maturity and Nutraceutical Properties of Whole and Fresh-Cut Produce. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 2014; 62 (19):4377-4383.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Marco Landi; Francesca Tardelli; Damiano Remorini; Rossano Massai; Lucia Guidi. 2014. "Do Sun- versus Shade-Grown Kiwifruits Perform Differently upon Storage? An Overview of Fruit Maturity and Nutraceutical Properties of Whole and Fresh-Cut Produce." Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 62, no. 19: 4377-4383.

Original article
Published: 29 March 2014 in Physiologia Plantarum
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The putative photoprotective role of foliar anthocyanins continues to attract heated debate. Strikingly different experimental set‐ups coupled with a poor knowledge of anthocyanin identity have likely contributed to such disparate opinions. Here, the photosynthetic responses to 30 or 100% solar irradiance were compared in two cultivars of basil, the green‐leafed Tigullio (TG) and the purple‐leafed Red Rubin (RR). Coumaroyl anthocyanins in RR leaf epidermis significantly mitigated the effects of high light stress. In full sunlight, RR leaves displayed several shade‐plant traits; they transferred less energy than did TG to photosystem II (PSII), and non‐photochemical quenching was lower. The higher xanthophyll cycle activity in TG was insufficient to prevent inactivation of PSII in full sunlight. However, TG was the more efficient in the shade; RR was far less able to accommodate a large change in irradiance. Investment of carbon to phenylpropanoid biosynthesis was more in RR than in TG in the shade, and was either greatly enhanced in TG or varied little in RR because of high sunlight. The metabolic cost of photoprotection was lower whereas light‐induced increase in biomass production was higher in RR than in TG, thus making purple basil the more light tolerant. Purple basil appears indeed to display the conservative resource‐use strategy usually observed in highly stress tolerant species. We conclude that the presence of epidermal coumaroyl anthocyanins confers protective benefits under high light, but it is associated with a reduced plasticity to accommodate changing light fluxes as compared with green leaves.

ACS Style

Massimiliano Tattini; Marco Landi; Cecilia Brunetti; Cristiana Giordano; Damiano Remorini; Kevin S. Gould; Lucia Guidi. Epidermal coumaroyl anthocyanins protect sweet basil against excess light stress: multiple consequences of light attenuation. Physiologia Plantarum 2014, 152, 585 -598.

AMA Style

Massimiliano Tattini, Marco Landi, Cecilia Brunetti, Cristiana Giordano, Damiano Remorini, Kevin S. Gould, Lucia Guidi. Epidermal coumaroyl anthocyanins protect sweet basil against excess light stress: multiple consequences of light attenuation. Physiologia Plantarum. 2014; 152 (3):585-598.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Massimiliano Tattini; Marco Landi; Cecilia Brunetti; Cristiana Giordano; Damiano Remorini; Kevin S. Gould; Lucia Guidi. 2014. "Epidermal coumaroyl anthocyanins protect sweet basil against excess light stress: multiple consequences of light attenuation." Physiologia Plantarum 152, no. 3: 585-598.

Regular paper
Published: 19 June 2013 in Journal of Plant Research
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This study aimed to evaluate the behavior of zucchini (Cucurbita pepo L.) and cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) under boron (B) excess. Plants were grown under greenhouse conditions in a sandy soil–peat mixture using a nutrient solution containing 0.2 (control), 10 and 20 mg L−1 B. Visible symptoms were quantified and leaf B accumulation, gas exchanges, chlorophyll (Chl) a fluorescence, malondialdehyde by-products and antioxidants were investigated 20 days after the beginning of the treatments. Boron toxicity induced oxidative load and leaf necrotic burns coupled with the reduction of leaf growth and biomass accumulation in both species. Boron excess resulted in a decrease of Chl a/b ratio, potential (Fv/Fm) and actual (ΦPSII) PSII quantum efficiency, photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (gs), and transpiration (E) as well. A general stimulation of the antioxidant enzymes ascorbate peroxidase, catalase and superoxide dismutase was observed, and a significant increase in the oxidized form of ascorbate and glutathione was evidenced for treated plants of both species. A difference between the two species was observed: C. pepo appeared to be more sensitive to B stress being damaged at all B concentration. C. sativus grown at 10 mg L−1 B in nutrient solution showed some down-regulated mechanisms, i.e. increase in Chl b content and a good photochemical PSII efficiency as well as a higher amount of constitutive antioxidant molecules, that, however, are not sufficient to contrast the negative effects of B.

ACS Style

Marco Landi; Damiano Remorini; Alberto Pardossi; Lucia Guidi. Boron excess affects photosynthesis and antioxidant apparatus of greenhouse Cucurbita pepo and Cucumis sativus. Journal of Plant Research 2013, 126, 775 -786.

AMA Style

Marco Landi, Damiano Remorini, Alberto Pardossi, Lucia Guidi. Boron excess affects photosynthesis and antioxidant apparatus of greenhouse Cucurbita pepo and Cucumis sativus. Journal of Plant Research. 2013; 126 (6):775-786.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Marco Landi; Damiano Remorini; Alberto Pardossi; Lucia Guidi. 2013. "Boron excess affects photosynthesis and antioxidant apparatus of greenhouse Cucurbita pepo and Cucumis sativus." Journal of Plant Research 126, no. 6: 775-786.

Journal article
Published: 09 April 2013 in The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment
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Concerns about global warming led to the calculation of the carbon footprint (CF) left by human activities. The agricultural sector is a significant source of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, though cropland soils can also act as sinks. So far, most LCA studies on agricultural products have not considered changes in soil organic matter (SOM). This paper aimed to: (1) integrate the Hénin–Dupuis SOM model into the CF study and (2) outline the impacts of different vineyard soil management scenarios on the overall CF. A representative wine chain in the Maremma Rural District, Tuscany (Italy), made up of a cooperative winery and nine of its associated farms, was selected to investigate the production of a non-aged, high-quality red wine. The system boundary was established from vineyard planting to waste management after use. The functional unit (FU) chosen for this study was a 0.75-L bottle of wine, and all data refer to the year 2009. The SOM balance, based on Hénin–Dupuis’ equation, was integrated and run using GaBi4 software. A sensitivity analysis was performed, and four scenarios were developed to assess the impact of vineyard soil management types with decreasing levels of organic matter inputs. SOM accounting reduced the overall CF of one wine bottle from 0.663 to 0.531 kg CO2-eq/FU. The vineyard planting sub-phase produced a loss of SOM while, in the pre-production and production sub-phases, the loss/accumulation of SOM was related to the soil management practices. On average, soil management in the production sub-phase led to a net accumulation of SOM, and the overall vineyard phase was a sink of CO2. Residue incorporation and grassing were identified as the main factors affecting changes in SOM in vineyard soils. Our results showed that incorporating SOM accounting into the wine chain’s CF analysis changed the vineyard phase from a GHG source to a modest net GHG sink. These results highlighted the need to include soil C dynamics in the CF of the agricultural product. Here, the SOM balance method proposed was sensitive to changes in management practices and was site specific. Moreover, we were also able to define a minimum data set for SOM accounting. The EU recognises soil carbon sequestration as one of the major European strategies for mitigation. However, specific measures have yet to be included in the CAP 2020. It would be desirable to include soil in the new ISO 14067—Carbon Footprint of Products.

ACS Style

Simona Bosco; Claudia Di Bene; Mariassunta Galli; Damiano Remorini; Rossano Massai; Enrico Bonari. Soil organic matter accounting in the carbon footprint analysis of the wine chain. The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment 2013, 18, 973 -989.

AMA Style

Simona Bosco, Claudia Di Bene, Mariassunta Galli, Damiano Remorini, Rossano Massai, Enrico Bonari. Soil organic matter accounting in the carbon footprint analysis of the wine chain. The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment. 2013; 18 (5):973-989.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Simona Bosco; Claudia Di Bene; Mariassunta Galli; Damiano Remorini; Rossano Massai; Enrico Bonari. 2013. "Soil organic matter accounting in the carbon footprint analysis of the wine chain." The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment 18, no. 5: 973-989.

Validation study
Published: 09 January 2012 in Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture
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BACKGROUND: The detection of pigments and colourless flavonoids in apples can provide a useful indication of fruit quality. Optical methods are preferable because they are fast and non‐destructive. In this study, a fluorescence‐based portable sensor was used in order to non‐invasively determine the content of chlorophylls, anthocyanins and flavonols in Fuji, Granny Smith and Golden Delicious apple cultivars. The aim was to define new non‐destructive optical indices of apple quality. RESULTS: The anthocyanin index (ANTH) in Fuji was higher in the sunny (i.e. sun‐exposed) side of the fruit compared to the shady side. For all cultivars, the flavonol index (FLAV) was higher in the sunny side compared with the shady side. The chlorophyll index (CHL) for the shady sides of Granny Smith and Golden Delicious was significantly higher than for the sunny sides. Fine linear regressions were found between the ANTH, FLAV and CHL indices and the actual anthocyanin, flavonol and chlorophyll concentrations, respectively, which were determined destructively on the apple peel extracts. A negative correlation was found between the apple sugar content and the chlorophyll fluorescence in the far‐red spectral band. CONCLUSION: Our results indicate that a single multiparametric fluorescence‐based sensor can provide valuable non‐destructive markers of ripening and quality in apples. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry

ACS Style

Débora L Betemps; José Carlos Fachinello; Simone P Galarça; Nicácia M Portela; Damiano Remorini; Rossano Massai; Giovanni Agati. Non-destructive evaluation of ripening and quality traits in apples using a multiparametric fluorescence sensor. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 2012, 92, 1855 -1864.

AMA Style

Débora L Betemps, José Carlos Fachinello, Simone P Galarça, Nicácia M Portela, Damiano Remorini, Rossano Massai, Giovanni Agati. Non-destructive evaluation of ripening and quality traits in apples using a multiparametric fluorescence sensor. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture. 2012; 92 (9):1855-1864.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Débora L Betemps; José Carlos Fachinello; Simone P Galarça; Nicácia M Portela; Damiano Remorini; Rossano Massai; Giovanni Agati. 2012. "Non-destructive evaluation of ripening and quality traits in apples using a multiparametric fluorescence sensor." Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 92, no. 9: 1855-1864.

Journal article
Published: 13 April 2011 in Italian Journal of Agronomy
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In recent years, there has been an increasing interest from retailers, industries and environmental associations in estimating the life cycle of greenhouse gases emitted in the atmosphere from everyday products and services, also known as carbon footprint (CF). Life cycle assessment (LCA) is the most common methodology used to evaluate the environmental impact of a product. This approach was largely used in many industrial sectors and was also recently applied to quantify the environmental impact of the agri-food chain. Within agri-food products, wine is one of the most analysed, both for its importance in economic production and in the world distribution market. The present study is a part of the Carbon Label Project carried out in the wine production chain in the Maremma rural district (Tuscany, Italy). The project assesses the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from wine production for labelling purposes. Here, we evaluated the environmental performances of four high quality wines for carbon labelling. The international standards ISO 14040 and ISO 14044, and the Product Category Rules (PCR) Wine from Fresh Grapes (except sparkling wine) and Grape Must for the Environmental Product Declaration (EPD) certification, specifically for Climate Declaration, were used in order to carry out our analyses. The functional unit (FU) used here was one 0.75 L bottle of wine. The system boundaries were set from the vineyard planting to the distribution and waste disposal. The global warming potential (GWP) of four investigated wines was found to lie between 0.6 and 1.3 kg CO2-eq./bottle, showing a value comparable with literature. With all the four wines analysed, the agricultural phase covered, on average, 22% of the total GWP/bottle, while the main impact was in the production of the glass bottle. The results showed that the vineyard-planting phase has a significant impact on the wine CF, thus it has to be considered in the life cycle, while in literature it is frequently omitted. On the contrary, the pre-production phase did not present a relevant impact. The use of nitrogen fertilisers, the grapes’ yield and N2O emissions were the parameters that mostly affected the carbon footprint in the agricultural phase, as underlined by the sensitivity analysis.

ACS Style

Simona Bosco; Claudia Di Bene; Mariassunta Galli; Damiano Remorini; Rossano Massai; Enrico Bonari. Greenhouse gas emissions in the agricultural phase of wine production in the Maremma rural district in Tuscany, Italy. Italian Journal of Agronomy 2011, 6, e15 .

AMA Style

Simona Bosco, Claudia Di Bene, Mariassunta Galli, Damiano Remorini, Rossano Massai, Enrico Bonari. Greenhouse gas emissions in the agricultural phase of wine production in the Maremma rural district in Tuscany, Italy. Italian Journal of Agronomy. 2011; 6 (2):e15.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Simona Bosco; Claudia Di Bene; Mariassunta Galli; Damiano Remorini; Rossano Massai; Enrico Bonari. 2011. "Greenhouse gas emissions in the agricultural phase of wine production in the Maremma rural district in Tuscany, Italy." Italian Journal of Agronomy 6, no. 2: e15.