Background: It has been estimated that between 30 and 50 per cent of all injuries that take place throughout participation in a sport are the consequence of soft tissue injuries, and muscle injuries are the primary cause of physical disability. Methods: The current literature review was designed between October 2021 and April 2022, according to the PRISMA standards, using the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. At the screening stage, we eliminated articles that did not fit into the themes developed in all subchapters of the study (n = 70), articles that dealt exclusively with orthopaedics (n = 34), 29 articles because the articles had only the abstract visible, and 17 articles that dealt exclusively with other techniques for the treatment of musculoskeletal disorders. The initial search revealed 343 titles in the databases, from which 56 duplicate articles were automatically removed, and 2 were added from other sources. Results: The combination of these three techniques results in the following advantages: It increases joint mobility, especially in stiff joints, it increases the range of motion, accelerates tissue repair, improves tissue stability, and extensibility, and it reduces soft tissue inflammation (manual therapy). In addition, it decreases the concentration of pro-inflammatory mediators and improves capillary permeability, resulting in the total eradication of inflammation (HILT). It warms the deep tissues, stimulates vascularity, promotes the repose of tissues (particularly muscle tissue), and stimulates drainage (TECAR). Conclusions: TECAR therapy, combined with manual therapy and High-Intensity Laser therapy in treating muscle diseases, presented optimal collaboration in the recovery process of all muscle diseases.

Due to the growth of sensor technology, more affordable integrated circuits, and connectivity technologies, the usage of wearable equipment and sensing devices for monitoring physical activities, whether for wellness, sports monitoring, or medical rehabilitation, has exploded. The current literature review was performed between October 2022 and February 2023 using PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus in accordance with P.R.I.S.M.A. criteria. The screening phase resulted in the exclusion of 69 articles that did not fit the themes developed in all subchapters of the study, 41 articles that dealt exclusively with rehabilitation and orthopaedics, 28 articles whose abstracts were not visible, and 10 articles that dealt exclusively with other sensor-based devices and not medical ones; the inclusion phase resulted in the inclusion of 111 articles. Patients who utilise sensor-based devices have several advantages due to rehabilitating a missing component, which marks the accomplishment of a fundamental goal within the rehabilitation program. As technology moves faster and faster forward, the field of medical rehabilitation has to adapt to the time we live in by using technology and intelligent devices. This means changing every part of rehabilitation and finding the most valuable and helpful gadgets that can be used to regain lost functions, keep people healthy, or prevent diseases.

Currently, sports activities require a high reaction speed, coordination, and balance, highlighting the relationship between proprioceptive control, visual control, and hand–eye coordination in youth. The present research assessed the proprioceptive control, reaction speed, and lower limb balance of youth from five different schools to identify the level of physical preparation of children in this direction. This prospective study was conducted between 1 January 2020 and 29 February 2020. A total of 107 healthy children (33 females and 74 males) with appropriate medical conditions, aged between 14 and 15 years, from five Romanian schools were included in the experiment. All children were assessed for visual control and reaction speed with the ruler drop test, and for lower limb balance, the standing stork test was used. Statistical analysis included descriptive statistics, data series distribution, and comparison of means and medians using specific statistical programs. Comparison of medians highlighted significant statistical differences in the standing stork test with eyes closed and the dominant leg compared with the nondominant leg (p = 0.0057). Males were compared to females at the nondominant leg (p = 0.0179); closed eyes were compared with opened eyes for the nondominant leg (p = 0.0175 and 0.0006) for the ruler drop test comparing the dominant hand with the nondominant hand (p = 0.0212). Children who engage in sports activities better integrated sensory information in motor action execution based on reaction speed and coordination with the nondominant hand.

The purpose of the study is to value the statistical information provided by the Click&Scout software to increase the efficiency of CSU Medicina Tîrgu Mureş's performance during the second part of the 2016- 2017 National Volleyball Championship. All the analyses that we use for this research are made with statistical software Click & Scout, based on the match report file in the 22 rounds, first and second part of the championship. After we got all the information from the Click&Scout statistical program, we calculated the effectiveness of all attackers for the technical elements service, receiving and attack. To highlight the difference between the efficiency of the first part and the second part of the championship we applied the Z test; given that when the difference is high between the first part and the second part, it will be identified the statistical significance. Of all the technical elements analyzed by us (attack, service, and receive), for the attack players, we found a statistical correlation only for attack. According to our study results, the attack is the only element that influences the final result, with a p = 0.05. The data provided by us is important but not exclusive support for training, the athletes' level of training and the way they interact on the court remain a determining factor in winning the games.

Atherosclerosis is now recognized as a chronic inflammatory disease of the arterial wall, in which perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) has evolved from a passive structural component to a key player in regulating vascular homeostasis and the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis, playing an active, not just structural, role. PVAT surrounds blood vessels and influences them metabolically, immunologically, and vascularly by secreting adipokines, cytokines, and other bioactive mediators. Under physiological conditions, PVAT has protective roles, as it produces adiponectin, nitric oxide (NO), and other vasodilatory factors that help maintain vascular tone and reduce inflammation. In particular, brown-like PVAT (rich in Uncoupling Protein-1 (UCP1) and mitochondria) offers significant vasoprotective effects. Under pathological conditions (obesity, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance), PVAT undergoes a phenotypic transition towards a pro-inflammatory profile by increasing leptin, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) secretion and decreasing adiponectin, contributing to endothelial dysfunction, vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation, local immune cell recruitment, extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling, and fibrosis. PVAT plays a complex role in vascular health and disease, interacting with systemic metabolism through the secretion of bioactive molecules. Metabolic imbalances can promote PVAT inflammation. Epigenetic alterations and micro ribonucleic acid (miRNAs) can influence PVAT inflammation, and modern imaging methods for PVAT assessment, such as the fat attenuation index (FAI) and artificial intelligence-assisted radiomic profiling, may become predictive biomarkers of cardiac risk. Future directions aim to identify biomarkers and develop targeted therapies that modulate PVAT inflammation and dysfunction in the context of cardiovascular diseases.

"The instructional design approach should begin with requirements evaluation to evaluate the necessities of the online learning event, such as what the learner should understand and be capable of doing as an outcome of the education or understanding solution and what learners immediately understand and can perform. Instructional designers widely use ADDIE to create modules, models, software, and courses for instruction and learning. It is also used as a design model. It presents a series of repetitive steps to build effective education and training in five phases, giving rise to the acronym: A-D-D-I-E, which stands for analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation."