Purpose: Binge eating disorder (BED), bulimia nervosa (BN) and recurrent binge eating (RBE) are binge eating spectrum conditions causing a significant impact in individual’s health and functioning. Information regarding those conditions came mostly from high-income countries. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of DSM-5 BED, BN and RBE and correlates in a representative sample from a metropolitan area of a middle-income country. Methods: The data were obtained from a cross-sectional population-based household survey in two stages in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Noninstitutionalized residents aged 18–60 years were assessed by lay interviewers using the Questionnaire of Eating and Weight Patterns-5 (QEWP-5). Positive cases and a paired sample screen-negative cases were reassessed by phone with the Eating Disorders Section of SCID-I-P (adapted for DSM-5). The data were collected from September 2019 to February 2020. Results: Overall, 2297 individuals were interviewed. Prevalence of BED was 1.4%, BN 0.7%, RBE 6.2%. Psychiatric comorbidities, such as depression, anxiety and ADHD were significantly more prevalent in people with BED, BN and RBE than in people without these eating problems. Several medical conditions, when controlling for body mass index, were significantly more prevalent in people with BED, BN and RBE. People with BED and BN had marked impairments in work/school, social and family life, reduced mental and physical HRQoL and under half had sought treatment. Conclusion: As in high income countries, in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, BED, BN and RBE are prevalent conditions and are associated with elevated BMI, functional impairment, psychiatric and medical comorbidity and poorer HRQoL.

OBJETIVO: Descrever a evolução do consumo alimentar da população brasileira de 2008–2009 a 2017–2018. MÉTODOS: Foram utilizados dados dos Inquéritos Nacionais de Alimentação de 2008–2009 e 2017–2018, que estimaram o consumo alimentar de dois dias não consecutivos de indivíduos com 10 anos ou mais de idade. O primeiro inquérito colheu dados de consumo de 34.003 indivíduos por meio de registro alimentar; o segundo, de 46.164 indivíduos, por meio de recordatório de 24 horas. Identificaram-se os 20 grupos de alimentos mais frequentemente referidos nos dois inquéritos. A probabilidade de consumo de cada um dos grupos de alimentos nos dois inquéritos foi estimada segundo sexo, idade e renda. No presente estudo, são apresentados os alimentos que tiveram mudança igual ou superior a 5% na frequência de consumo entre os dois inquéritos. A probabilidade de consumo foi corrigida para a variabilidade intraindividual, utilizando método desenvolvido pelo National Cancer Institute. RESULTADOS: Arroz, feijão, café, pães, hortaliças e carne bovina permaneceram como base da alimentação dos brasileiros, sendo os seis itens mais consumidos em ambos os inquéritos. Alimentos ultraprocessados, como biscoitos doces/recheados, biscoitos salgados, carnes processadas e refrigerantes, também se mantiveram entre os 20 alimentos mais consumidos. As análises de tendência evidenciaram, independentemente de sexo, idade e faixa de renda, a diminuição do consumo de arroz, feijão, carne bovina, pães, frutas, laticínios, carnes processadas e refrigerantes, e o aumento da ingestão de sanduíches. CONCLUSÃO: A dieta do brasileiro permanece caracterizada pelo consumo de alimentos tradicionais, como arroz e feijão, e pela frequência elevada de ingestão de alimentos ultraprocessados, como biscoitos e refrigerantes. No entanto, entre os anos de 2008–2009 e 2017–2018, observou-se redução no consumo de arroz, feijão, carne bovina, pães, frutas, laticínios, carnes processadas e refrigerantes, mas aumento no consumo de sanduíches. Os resultados sinalizam piora na qualidade da alimentação do brasileiro.

This study sought to examine the association between lifestyle-related behaviors and depressive symptoms among college students. This cross-sectional study analyzed baseline data of a dynamic-cohort study from a public university in Central-Western Brazil, in all 21 undergraduate full-time courses. Students up to 25 years old who were enrolled for the first time in a university were included in the study, except pregnant and/or nursing women. All students who met the eligibility criteria were invited to participate in the study. From a total of 1,212 eligible students, 1,038 were included (85.6%). All participants answered a self-administered questionnaire on smoking, alcohol consumption, screen time, sleep duration, and meal patterns. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Multivariate Poisson regression models stratified by sex were used to estimate the associations. Depressive symptoms was observed in 31.6% (males 23.6%; females 39.9%; p-value chi-square test = 0.01) of the students. Smoking, drinking spirits, and having irregular meal habits were directly associated with depressive symptoms in both males and females. The co-occurrence of two risk behaviors (men: aPR = 2.23, 95%CI: 1.25; 3.99; women: aPR = 1.54, 95%CI: 1.03; 2.30) and three or more risk behaviors (men: aPR = 3.42, 95%CI: 1.90; 6.16; women: aPR = 2.09, 95%CI: 1.39; 3.15) increased the occurrence of depressive symptoms among the students. Lifestyle-related unhealthy behaviors were associated with an increased occurrence of depressive symptoms among college students. These findings suggest the need of interventions encouraging changes in lifestyle to promote mental health and to improve the quality of life in this group.

Nutritional requirements are increased during pregnancy and lactation. The aim of this study was to compare the food intake and prevalence of inadequate nutrient intake among pregnant, lactating and reproductive-age women.

OBJETIVOS Identificar padrões alimentares entre adultos brasileiros a partir dos Inquéritos Nacionais de Alimentação (INA) 2008–2009 e 2017–2018, verificando, nesse último período, a aderência aos padrões de acordo com fatores sociodemográficos e regiões brasileiras. MÉTODOS Foram analisados dados do primeiro de dois dias de consumo alimentar de adultos (19–59 anos de idade) entrevistados nos INA 2008–2009 (n = 21.630) e 2017–2018 (n = 28.901). Os padrões alimentares foram derivados por análise fatorial exploratória a partir de 19 grupos de alimentos, considerando a complexidade do desenho amostral. Para o INA 2017–2018, os escores fatoriais foram avaliados de acordo com sexo, faixa etária, região, renda per capita e escolaridade. RESULTADOS Foram identificados três padrões nos dois inquéritos: (1) “tradicional”, caracterizado por arroz, feijão e carnes; (2) “pães e manteiga/margarina”, caracterizado por pães, óleos e gorduras (incluindo margarina/manteiga) e, em 2008–2009, café e chás; e (3) “ocidental”, caracterizado por refrigerantes e pizzas e salgados, além de farinhas e massas e doces em 2017–2018. O padrão “tradicional” teve maior aderência entre homens, moradores da região Centro-Oeste e indivíduos com ensino fundamental incompleto. Para o padrão “pães e manteiga/margarina”, observou-se maior aderência entre o sexo masculino, indivíduos com idade entre 40 e 59 anos, da região Sudeste e com renda entre 1 e 2 salários-mínimos per capita. Indivíduos do sexo masculino, com idades entre 19 e 39 anos, da região Sul, com renda per capita maior que dois salários-mínimos e escolaridade igual ou maior que o ensino fundamental foram os que apresentaram maior adesão ao padrão “ocidental”. CONCLUSÃO Os padrões alimentares identificados em 2008–2009 e 2017–2018 foram similares, com manutenção do padrão “tradicional”, que inclui arroz, feijão e carnes. A adesão aos padrões varia de acordo com sexo, faixa etária, região, renda per capita e escolaridade.

Obesity ranks as a major public health problem in many countries in the world. The obesity-socioeconomic status relationship is not well established in middle-income countries. The aim of this study was to estimate the obesity and overweight trends from 2002 to 2013 by sex, age, and educational levels among Brazilian adults. The panel prevalence trend study was conducted, considering the sample weights and study design. Three nationwide surveys were analyzed: the Household Budget Survey 2002/2003 and 2008/2009, and the National Health Survey 2013. The total sample was 234,791 adults aged 20–59 years. The prevalence of obesity increased from 7.5 to 17.0% from 2002 to 2013 among adults aged 20–39 years and from 14.7 to 25.7% among those aged 40–59 years, slightly higher among young women. In each survey, education was positively associated with the prevalence of obesity among men, whereas this association was negative among women. The greatest increase in the prevalence of obesity was 90% (11.9 to 22.5%) and occurred from 2008 to 2013 among women with secondary educational level, whereas at the pre-primary level there was a 42% (20.4 to 29.0%) increase. Obesity prevalence in Brazil continued to increase, mostly among women with secondary education. Policies aimed at reducing the prevalence of obesity should consider sociodemographic characteristics in the population.