This research paper is concerned with the disc brake squeal problem for passenger cars. The aim of the present research is developing a finite element model of the disc brake assembly in order to improve understanding of the influence of Young's modulus on squeal generation. A detailed finite element model of the whole disc brake assembly that integrates the wheel hub and steering knuckle is eveloped and validated using experimental modal analysis. Stability analysis of the disc brake assembly is accomplished to find unstable frequencies. A parametric study is carried to look into the effect of changing Young's modulus of each brake components on squeal generation. The results of simulation indicated that Young's modulus of disc brake components play a substantial role in generating the squeal noise.

Clean water is quickly decreasing as the necessity for it rises year after year. Desalination of seawater is the only means to remedy this problem. The scientific community has focused on solar powered salty water desalination devices as a clean alternative throughout the last few decades. Solar stills convert solar energy into the heat required to generate clean water through the evaporation and condensation processes. The two very popular varieties of solar stills are active, and passive based on the heat source to evaporate the basin water, which can be either directly through the sun or indirectly using external heat sources such as concentrating collectors which are coupled with desalination units. This article provides an exhaustive analysis of active solar stills’ advancement with solar concentrating systems and techniques for improving performance, desalinated water production, efficiency, and maximum output. This work intends to keep researchers and the scientific community informed about developments in active solar stills equipped with solar concentrators.