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B. Erable
School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom

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Encyclopedia
Published: 06 July 2021 in Reference Module in Earth Systems and Environmental Sciences
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Biological fuel cells have attracted increasing interest in recent years because of their applications in environmental treatment; energy recovery and small scale power sources. Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC) is a promising technology for efficient wastewater treatment, generating energy as direct electricity for onsite applications, and recovering resources such as nutrients and heavy metals. Enzyme based fuel cells are of particular interest in biomedical research and healthcare; in environmental monitoring, and as the power source for portable electronic devices. The technology developed for fabrication of enzyme electrodes is described. Different enzyme immobilization methods using layered structures with self-assembled monolayers and entrapment of enzymes in polymer matrixes are reviewed. The performances of enzymatic biofuel cells are summarized and approaches on further development to overcome current challenges are discussed. This innovative technology will have a major impact and benefit to medical science and clinical research, healthcare management and energy production from renewable sources. Applications and advantages of using MFC for wastewater treatment are described: including organic matter removal efficiency, electricity generation, and resource recovery. The performance of organic removal, nutrients, and heavy metals recovery from municipal wastewater and real industrial wastewater are summarized. In addition, H2 and acetate production from microbial electrochemical cells are also reviewed to highlight the commercial implementation and challenge of this technology.

ACS Style

Da Li; Samet Şahin; Paniz Izadi; M.M. Ghangrekar; Narcis M. Duteanu; Benjamin Erable; Keith Scott; Eileen Hao Yu. Biological and Microbial Fuel Cells. Reference Module in Earth Systems and Environmental Sciences 2021, 1 .

AMA Style

Da Li, Samet Şahin, Paniz Izadi, M.M. Ghangrekar, Narcis M. Duteanu, Benjamin Erable, Keith Scott, Eileen Hao Yu. Biological and Microbial Fuel Cells. Reference Module in Earth Systems and Environmental Sciences. 2021; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Da Li; Samet Şahin; Paniz Izadi; M.M. Ghangrekar; Narcis M. Duteanu; Benjamin Erable; Keith Scott; Eileen Hao Yu. 2021. "Biological and Microbial Fuel Cells." Reference Module in Earth Systems and Environmental Sciences , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 07 February 2021 in iScience
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Summary Acid and electrochemical surface treatments of graphite electrode, used individually or in combination, significantly improved the microbial anode current production, by +17% to +56%, in well-regulated and duplicated electroanalytical experimental systems. Of all the consequences induced by surface treatments, the modifications of the surface nano-topography preferentially justify an improvement in the fixation of bacteria, and an increase of the specific surface area and the electrochemically accessible surface of graphite electrodes, which are at the origin of the higher performances of the bioanodes supplied with domestic wastewater. The evolution of the chemical composition and the appearance of C-O, C=O, and O=C-O groups on the graphite surface created by combining acid and electrochemical treatments was prejudicial to the formation of efficient domestic-wastewater-oxidizing bioanodes. The comparative discussion, focused on the positioning of the performances, shows the industrial interest of applying the surface treatment method to the world of bioelectrochemical systems.

ACS Style

Emma Roubaud; Rémy Lacroix; Serge Da Silva; Jérôme Esvan; Luc Etcheverry; Alain Bergel; Régine Basséguy; Benjamin Erable. Industrially scalable surface treatments to enhance the current density output from graphite bioanodes fueled by real domestic wastewater. iScience 2021, 24, 102162 .

AMA Style

Emma Roubaud, Rémy Lacroix, Serge Da Silva, Jérôme Esvan, Luc Etcheverry, Alain Bergel, Régine Basséguy, Benjamin Erable. Industrially scalable surface treatments to enhance the current density output from graphite bioanodes fueled by real domestic wastewater. iScience. 2021; 24 (3):102162.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Emma Roubaud; Rémy Lacroix; Serge Da Silva; Jérôme Esvan; Luc Etcheverry; Alain Bergel; Régine Basséguy; Benjamin Erable. 2021. "Industrially scalable surface treatments to enhance the current density output from graphite bioanodes fueled by real domestic wastewater." iScience 24, no. 3: 102162.

Original research article
Published: 17 December 2020 in Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology
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The textile and clothing industry is the first manufacture sector in Tunisia in terms of employment and number of enterprises. It generates large volumes of textile dyeing wastewater (TDWW) containing high concentrations of saline, alkaline, and recalcitrant pollutants that could fuel tenacious and resilient electrochemically active microorganisms in bioanodes of bioelectrochemical systems. In this study, a designed hybrid bacterial halothermotolerant bioanode incorporating indigenous and exogenous bacteria from both hypersaline sediment of Chott El Djerid (HSCE) and TDWW is proposed for simultaneous treatment of real TDWW and anodic current generation under high salinity. For the proposed halothermotolerant bioanodes, electrical current production, chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency, and bacterial community dynamics were monitored. All the experiments of halothermotolerant bioanode formation have been conducted on 6 cm2 carbon felt electrodes polarized at −0.1 V/SCE and inoculated with 80% of TDWW and 20% of HSCE for 17 days at 45°C. A reproducible current production of about 12.5 ± 0.2 A/m2 and a total of 91 ± 3% of COD removal efficiency were experimentally validated. Metagenomic analysis demonstrated significant differences in bacterial diversity mainly at species level between anodic biofilms incorporating allochthonous and autochthonous bacteria and anodic biofilm containing only autochthonous bacteria as a control. Therefore, we concluded that these results provide for the first time a new noteworthy alternative for achieving treatment and recover energy, in the form of a high electric current, from real saline TDWW.

ACS Style

Refka Askri; Benjamin Erable; Luc Etcheverry; Sirine Saadaoui; Mohamed Neifar; Ameur Cherif; Habib Chouchane. Allochthonous and Autochthonous Halothermotolerant Bioanodes From Hypersaline Sediment and Textile Wastewater: A Promising Microbial Electrochemical Process for Energy Recovery Coupled With Real Textile Wastewater Treatment. Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology 2020, 8, 1 .

AMA Style

Refka Askri, Benjamin Erable, Luc Etcheverry, Sirine Saadaoui, Mohamed Neifar, Ameur Cherif, Habib Chouchane. Allochthonous and Autochthonous Halothermotolerant Bioanodes From Hypersaline Sediment and Textile Wastewater: A Promising Microbial Electrochemical Process for Energy Recovery Coupled With Real Textile Wastewater Treatment. Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology. 2020; 8 ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Refka Askri; Benjamin Erable; Luc Etcheverry; Sirine Saadaoui; Mohamed Neifar; Ameur Cherif; Habib Chouchane. 2020. "Allochthonous and Autochthonous Halothermotolerant Bioanodes From Hypersaline Sediment and Textile Wastewater: A Promising Microbial Electrochemical Process for Energy Recovery Coupled With Real Textile Wastewater Treatment." Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology 8, no. : 1.

Review
Published: 23 November 2020 in Microorganisms
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It is the ambition of many researchers to finally be able to close in on the fundamental, coupled phenomena that occur during the formation and expression of electrocatalytic activity in electroactive biofilms. It is because of this desire to understand that bioelectrochemical systems (BESs) have been miniaturized into microBES by taking advantage of the worldwide development of microfluidics. Microfluidics tools applied to bioelectrochemistry permit even more fundamental studies of interactions and coupled phenomena occurring at the microscale, thanks, in particular, to the concomitant combination of electroanalysis, spectroscopic analytical techniques and real-time microscopy that is now possible. The analytical microsystem is therefore much better suited to the monitoring, not only of electroactive biofilm formation but also of the expression and disentangling of extracellular electron transfer (EET) catalytic mechanisms. This article reviews the details of the configurations of microfluidic BESs designed for selected objectives and their microfabrication techniques. Because the aim is to manipulate microvolumes and due to the high modularity of the experimental systems, the interfacial conditions between electrodes and electrolytes are perfectly controlled in terms of physicochemistry (pH, nutrients, chemical effectors, etc.) and hydrodynamics (shear, material transport, etc.). Most of the theoretical advances have been obtained thanks to work carried out using models of electroactive bacteria monocultures, mainly to simplify biological investigation systems. However, a huge virgin field of investigation still remains to be explored by taking advantage of the capacities of microfluidic BESs regarding the complexity and interactions of mixed electroactive biofilms.

ACS Style

Stéphane Pinck; Lucila Martínez Ostormujof; Sébastien Teychené; Benjamin Erable. Microfluidic Microbial Bioelectrochemical Systems: An Integrated Investigation Platform for a More Fundamental Understanding of Electroactive Bacterial Biofilms. Microorganisms 2020, 8, 1841 .

AMA Style

Stéphane Pinck, Lucila Martínez Ostormujof, Sébastien Teychené, Benjamin Erable. Microfluidic Microbial Bioelectrochemical Systems: An Integrated Investigation Platform for a More Fundamental Understanding of Electroactive Bacterial Biofilms. Microorganisms. 2020; 8 (11):1841.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Stéphane Pinck; Lucila Martínez Ostormujof; Sébastien Teychené; Benjamin Erable. 2020. "Microfluidic Microbial Bioelectrochemical Systems: An Integrated Investigation Platform for a More Fundamental Understanding of Electroactive Bacterial Biofilms." Microorganisms 8, no. 11: 1841.

Journal article
Published: 05 May 2020 in International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation
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Denitrification is a major biological process contributing to nitrate and nitrite reduction. However, this process remains poorly understood at alkaline pH although such conditions can be encountered in natural (e.g. soda lakes) or industrial environments (e.g. geological waste repositories with cementitious materials). To investigate the nitrate reduction (NR) rate for pH > 9.5 in a cementitious environment, several batch reactors were implemented, with cement leachate or with hardened cement paste (HCP). In the experiments carried out with cement leachate, NR dropped from 0.72 mM/h at pH 9.5 to 0.17 mM/h at pH > 11, while the concentration of nitrite increased. The NR was inhibited at pH close to 12, as was the nitrite reduction at pH above 11. In the reactor containing HCP, the NR rate was 0.75 mM/h at pH close to 10. Calcite precipitated on the HCP surface. Epifluorescence microscopy observations coupled with DNA labelling suggested the presence of microorganisms attached to the HCP surface. This was confirmed by biological growth coupled with NR activity after the transfer of the HCP into a new medium, considered to be sterile. The bacterial community analysis showed that the highly selective culture conditions led to the selection of two species: Halomonas sp. and a species known for its versatile metabolism and ability to form biofilms, i.e. Thauera sp.

ACS Style

Nadège Durban; Vanessa Sonois-Mazars; Pierre Albina; Alexandra Bertron; Achim Albrecht; Jean-Charles Robinet; Benjamin Erable. Nitrate and nitrite reduction activity of activated sludge microcosm in a highly alkaline environment with solid cementitious material. International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation 2020, 151, 104971 .

AMA Style

Nadège Durban, Vanessa Sonois-Mazars, Pierre Albina, Alexandra Bertron, Achim Albrecht, Jean-Charles Robinet, Benjamin Erable. Nitrate and nitrite reduction activity of activated sludge microcosm in a highly alkaline environment with solid cementitious material. International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation. 2020; 151 ():104971.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Nadège Durban; Vanessa Sonois-Mazars; Pierre Albina; Alexandra Bertron; Achim Albrecht; Jean-Charles Robinet; Benjamin Erable. 2020. "Nitrate and nitrite reduction activity of activated sludge microcosm in a highly alkaline environment with solid cementitious material." International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation 151, no. : 104971.

Review
Published: 18 October 2019 in International Journal of Molecular Sciences
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Bacterial respiration of nitrate is a natural process of nitrate reduction, which has been industrialized to treat anthropic nitrate pollution. This process, also known as “microbial denitrification”, is widely documented from the fundamental and engineering points of view for the enhancement of the removal of nitrate in wastewater. For this purpose, experiments are generally conducted with heterotrophic microbial metabolism, neutral pH and moderate nitrate concentrations (

ACS Style

Pierre Albina; Nadège Durban; Alexandra Bertron; Achim Albrecht; Jean-Charles Robinet; Benjamin Erable. Influence of Hydrogen Electron Donor, Alkaline pH, and High Nitrate Concentrations on Microbial Denitrification: A Review. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2019, 20, 5163 .

AMA Style

Pierre Albina, Nadège Durban, Alexandra Bertron, Achim Albrecht, Jean-Charles Robinet, Benjamin Erable. Influence of Hydrogen Electron Donor, Alkaline pH, and High Nitrate Concentrations on Microbial Denitrification: A Review. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2019; 20 (20):5163.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Pierre Albina; Nadège Durban; Alexandra Bertron; Achim Albrecht; Jean-Charles Robinet; Benjamin Erable. 2019. "Influence of Hydrogen Electron Donor, Alkaline pH, and High Nitrate Concentrations on Microbial Denitrification: A Review." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 20: 5163.

Original research article
Published: 09 October 2019 in Frontiers in Energy Research
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Anode material selection is crucial when it comes to building up-scaled microbial electrolysis cells (MEC), has it as a huge influence on the achievable current density and account for a large part of the MEC total investment cost. Graphite is a material that is perfectly suited to the creation of up-scaled bioanodes as it is conductive, chemically stable, biocompatible, and relatively cheap but there are a very large number of commercially available grades of industrial graphite. In this study, five grades of industrial synthetic graphite (named G1–G5) were bench tested to select the most suitable grade for future development of 3D bioanode for domestic wastewater (dWW) fed MEC application. The five grades of graphite have been selected with similar physico-chemical and surface properties (electrical resistivity, surface roughness, and hydrophobicity) theoretically appropriate for EA biofilm development. Nevertheless, significant current density disparities where observed with the five graphite grades, which can certainly be explained by the fabrication procedures of the respective material grades. With the graphite grade giving the most efficient anodes (G3), an average steady state current density of 2.3 A/m2 was produced, outperforming the other grades by at least 15%. Even though all graphites had very close physico-chemical characteristics, the grade had a clear significant influence on the current densities produced. G3 graphite was finally compared to carbon felt (CF) and carbon cloth (CC) both in terms of bio-electrochemical current production and bacterial communities colonizing electrodes. G3 bioanodes outperformed CF and CC bioanodes by 50% in term of steady state current density. Biofilms microbial population analysis showed that the Geobacter species was present at 82% on G3 bioanodes, 39% on CF bioanodes, and 61% on CC bioanodes when it was only present at 0.06% in the activated sludge used as inoculum. This significant difference in bacterial enrichment could come from the huge gap between materials resistivity, as graphite resistivity is 200-fold lower than CF and CC resistivities. The strongly hydrophilic surface of G3 graphite was also certainly beneficial for biofilm development compared to the hydrophobic surfaces of CF and CC.

ACS Style

Emma Roubaud; Rémy Lacroix; Serge Da Silva; Luc Etcheverry; Alain Bergel; Regine Basseguy; Benjamin Erable. Benchmarking of Industrial Synthetic Graphite Grades, Carbon Felt, and Carbon Cloth as Cost-Efficient Bioanode Materials for Domestic Wastewater Fed Microbial Electrolysis Cells. Frontiers in Energy Research 2019, 7, 1 .

AMA Style

Emma Roubaud, Rémy Lacroix, Serge Da Silva, Luc Etcheverry, Alain Bergel, Regine Basseguy, Benjamin Erable. Benchmarking of Industrial Synthetic Graphite Grades, Carbon Felt, and Carbon Cloth as Cost-Efficient Bioanode Materials for Domestic Wastewater Fed Microbial Electrolysis Cells. Frontiers in Energy Research. 2019; 7 ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Emma Roubaud; Rémy Lacroix; Serge Da Silva; Luc Etcheverry; Alain Bergel; Regine Basseguy; Benjamin Erable. 2019. "Benchmarking of Industrial Synthetic Graphite Grades, Carbon Felt, and Carbon Cloth as Cost-Efficient Bioanode Materials for Domestic Wastewater Fed Microbial Electrolysis Cells." Frontiers in Energy Research 7, no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 01 October 2019 in Cement and Concrete Research
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ACS Style

Célestine Voegel; Marie Giroudon; Alexandra Bertron; Cédric Patapy; Peyre Lavigne Matthieu; Thomas Verdier; Benjamin Erable. Cementitious materials in biogas systems: Biodeterioration mechanisms and kinetics in CEM I and CAC based materials. Cement and Concrete Research 2019, 124, 1 .

AMA Style

Célestine Voegel, Marie Giroudon, Alexandra Bertron, Cédric Patapy, Peyre Lavigne Matthieu, Thomas Verdier, Benjamin Erable. Cementitious materials in biogas systems: Biodeterioration mechanisms and kinetics in CEM I and CAC based materials. Cement and Concrete Research. 2019; 124 ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Célestine Voegel; Marie Giroudon; Alexandra Bertron; Cédric Patapy; Peyre Lavigne Matthieu; Thomas Verdier; Benjamin Erable. 2019. "Cementitious materials in biogas systems: Biodeterioration mechanisms and kinetics in CEM I and CAC based materials." Cement and Concrete Research 124, no. : 1.

Research article chemical engineering
Published: 29 July 2019 in Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering
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Treating tannery wastewater in bioelectrochemical systems (BESs) is considered as an achievable, economical and sustainable process compared to conventional methods. Two experiments with raw and pretreated tannery wastewater were operated separately to elucidate the divergence to form an efficient microbial anode under similar operating conditions [temperature (30 ± 0.1 °C); acidophilic microenvironment (pH 4.5), constant potential − 0.2 V/ECS]. In the reactor operated with raw tanneries, no microbial activity was detected due to the toxicity of the tannery effluent. While, the reactor fed by tannery wastewater that sustained electrochemical pretreatment demonstrated the ability of in situ bioelectricity generation along with wastewater treatment. Maximum current density of 11.2 A/m2 was obtained accompanied with removal of 90%, 84% and 96%, respectively, of chemical oxygen demand, biological oxygen demand (BOD5) and sulfate in addition of total removal of chromium. This study shows the potential approach of electrochemical pretreatment for the efficient tannery wastewater treatment using BESs accompanied with high current recovery.

ACS Style

Alae Elabed; Soumya El Abed; Saad Ibnsouda; Benjamin Erable. Sustainable Approach for Tannery Wastewater Treatment: Bioelectricity Generation in Bioelectrochemical Systems. Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering 2019, 44, 10057 -10066.

AMA Style

Alae Elabed, Soumya El Abed, Saad Ibnsouda, Benjamin Erable. Sustainable Approach for Tannery Wastewater Treatment: Bioelectricity Generation in Bioelectrochemical Systems. Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering. 2019; 44 (12):10057-10066.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Alae Elabed; Soumya El Abed; Saad Ibnsouda; Benjamin Erable. 2019. "Sustainable Approach for Tannery Wastewater Treatment: Bioelectricity Generation in Bioelectrochemical Systems." Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering 44, no. 12: 10057-10066.

Journal article
Published: 01 July 2019 in Electrochemistry Communications
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ACS Style

Morgane Hoareau; Benjamin Erable; Alain Bergel. Microbial electrochemical snorkels (MESs): A budding technology for multiple applications. A mini review. Electrochemistry Communications 2019, 104, 106473 .

AMA Style

Morgane Hoareau, Benjamin Erable, Alain Bergel. Microbial electrochemical snorkels (MESs): A budding technology for multiple applications. A mini review. Electrochemistry Communications. 2019; 104 ():106473.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Morgane Hoareau; Benjamin Erable; Alain Bergel. 2019. "Microbial electrochemical snorkels (MESs): A budding technology for multiple applications. A mini review." Electrochemistry Communications 104, no. : 106473.

Review article
Published: 12 June 2019 in Bioresource Technology
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Microbial anodes are the cornerstone of most electro-microbial processes. Designing 3-dimensional porous electrodes to increase the surface area of the electroactive biofilm they support is a key challenge in order to boost their performance. In this context, the critical review presented here aims to assess whether an optimal range of pore size may exist for the design of microbial anodes. Pore sizes of a few micrometres can enable microbial cells to penetrate but in conditions that do not favour efficient development of electroactive biofilms. Pores of a few tens of micrometres are subject to clogging. Sizes of a few hundreds of micrometres allow penetration of the biofilm inside the structure, but its development is limited by internal acidification. Consequently, pore sizes of a millimetre or so appear to be the most suitable. In addition, a simple theoretical approach is described to establish basis for porous microbial anode design.

ACS Style

Poehere Chong; Benjamin Erable; Alain Bergel. Effect of pore size on the current produced by 3-dimensional porous microbial anodes: A critical review. Bioresource Technology 2019, 289, 121641 .

AMA Style

Poehere Chong, Benjamin Erable, Alain Bergel. Effect of pore size on the current produced by 3-dimensional porous microbial anodes: A critical review. Bioresource Technology. 2019; 289 ():121641.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Poehere Chong; Benjamin Erable; Alain Bergel. 2019. "Effect of pore size on the current produced by 3-dimensional porous microbial anodes: A critical review." Bioresource Technology 289, no. : 121641.

Journal article
Published: 04 June 2019 in Bioelectrochemistry
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The main objective of this study was to understand the interaction between salinity, temperature and inoculum size and how it could lead to the formation of efficient halothermotolerant bioanodes from the Hypersaline Sediment of Chott El Djerid (HSCE). Sixteen experiments on bioanode formation were designed using a Box-Behnken matrix and response surface methodology to understand synchronous interactions. All bioanode formations were conducted on 6 cm2 carbon felt electrodes polarized at −0.1 V/SCE and fed with lactate (5 g/L) at pH 7.0. Optimum levels for salinity, temperature and inoculum size were predicted by NemrodW software as 165 g/L, 45 °C and 20%, respectively, under which conditions maximum current production of 6.98 ± 0.06 A/m2 was experimentally validated. Metagenomic analysis of selected biofilms indicated a relative abundance of the two phyla Proteobacteria (from 85.96 to 89.47%) and Firmicutes (from 61.90 to 68.27%). At species level, enrichment of Psychrobacter aquaticus, Halanaerobium praevalens, Psychrobacter alimentaris, and Marinobacter hydrocarbonoclasticus on carbon-based electrodes was correlated with high current production, high salinity and high temperature. Members of the halothermophilic bacteria pool from HSCE, individually or in consortia, are candidates for designing halothermotolerant bioanodes applicable in the bioelectrochemical treatment of industrial wastewater at high salinity and temperature.

ACS Style

Refka Askri; Benjamin Erable; Mohamed Neifar; Luc Etcheverry; Ahmed Masmoudi; Ameur Cherif; Habib Chouchane. Understanding the cumulative effects of salinity, temperature and inoculation size for the design of optimal halothermotolerant bioanodes from hypersaline sediments. Bioelectrochemistry 2019, 129, 179 -188.

AMA Style

Refka Askri, Benjamin Erable, Mohamed Neifar, Luc Etcheverry, Ahmed Masmoudi, Ameur Cherif, Habib Chouchane. Understanding the cumulative effects of salinity, temperature and inoculation size for the design of optimal halothermotolerant bioanodes from hypersaline sediments. Bioelectrochemistry. 2019; 129 ():179-188.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Refka Askri; Benjamin Erable; Mohamed Neifar; Luc Etcheverry; Ahmed Masmoudi; Ameur Cherif; Habib Chouchane. 2019. "Understanding the cumulative effects of salinity, temperature and inoculation size for the design of optimal halothermotolerant bioanodes from hypersaline sediments." Bioelectrochemistry 129, no. : 179-188.

Journal article
Published: 31 May 2019 in Applied Sciences
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Effective and eco-friendly technologies are required for the treatment of tannery wastewater as its biological toxicity and large volume leads toground water pollution. Hydrophobic (unmodified carbon felt) and hydrophilic modified carbon felt with Linde Type A zeolite (LTA zeolite) and bentonite were examined for their effects on bacterial attachment, current generation, and tannery wastewater treatment efficiency. Chronoamperometry and cyclic voltammetry confirmed the higher electron transfer obtained with modified anodes. Maximum current densities of 24.5 and 27.9 A/m² were provided with LTA zeolite and bentonite-modified anodes, respectively, while the unmodified carbon felt gave a maximum current density of 16.9 A/m². Compared with hydrophobic unmodified carbon felt, hydrophilic modified electrodes increased the exploitation of the internal surface area of the 3D structure of the carbon felt by the electroactive biofilm. The study revealed 93.8 ± 1.7% and 96.3 ± 2.1% of chemical oxygen demand (COD) reduction for LTA zeolite and bentonite, respectively. Simultaneous chromium removal was achieved with values of 94.6 ± 3.6 and 97.5 ± 2.2 for LTA zeolite and bentonite, respectively. This study shows the potential approach of carbon felt clay modification for the efficient tannery wastewater treatment using bioelectrochemicals systems (BESs) accompanied with high current recovery.

ACS Style

Alae ElAbed; Redouan El Khalfaouy; Saad Ibnsouda; Régine Basseguy; Soumya ElAbed; Benjamin Erable. Low-Cost Electrode Modification to Upgrade the Bioelectrocatalytic Oxidation of Tannery Wastewater Using Acclimated Activated Sludge. Applied Sciences 2019, 9, 2259 .

AMA Style

Alae ElAbed, Redouan El Khalfaouy, Saad Ibnsouda, Régine Basseguy, Soumya ElAbed, Benjamin Erable. Low-Cost Electrode Modification to Upgrade the Bioelectrocatalytic Oxidation of Tannery Wastewater Using Acclimated Activated Sludge. Applied Sciences. 2019; 9 (11):2259.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Alae ElAbed; Redouan El Khalfaouy; Saad Ibnsouda; Régine Basseguy; Soumya ElAbed; Benjamin Erable. 2019. "Low-Cost Electrode Modification to Upgrade the Bioelectrocatalytic Oxidation of Tannery Wastewater Using Acclimated Activated Sludge." Applied Sciences 9, no. 11: 2259.

Articles
Published: 20 January 2019 in Environmental Technology
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Understanding the interactions between biofilm and cementitious materials in biogas production systems is an essential step toward the development of durable concrete for this expanding sector. Although the action of the liquid phase medium on the material has been the subject of several research studies, the possible impact of the material’s properties on biofilm formation and composition has been little investigated, if at all. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the characteristics of the biofilm according to the surface properties of the materials. Four cementitious materials with different chemical and mineralogical compositions, and various topological surface characteristics (pastes of CEM I, CEM III/C and CAC, and CEM I paste treated with oxalic acid) were exposed to the liquid phase of a fermenting biowaste for 10 weeks. The steps of biofilm formation were observed using SEM. Even though all the cementitious material surfaces were intensely colonized at the end of the experiments, the establishment of the biofilm seems to have been delayed on the oxalate-treated CEM I and on CAC coupons. Roughness and surface pH effects were not of prime importance for the biofilm development. The analysis of bacterial population diversity using 16S rDNA sequencing showed a less diversified microbial flora in the biofilm than in the reaction medium.

ACS Style

Célestine Voegel; Nadège Durban; Alexandra Bertron; Yann Landon; Benjamin Erable. Evaluation of microbial proliferation on cementitious materials exposed to biogas systems. Environmental Technology 2019, 41, 2439 -2449.

AMA Style

Célestine Voegel, Nadège Durban, Alexandra Bertron, Yann Landon, Benjamin Erable. Evaluation of microbial proliferation on cementitious materials exposed to biogas systems. Environmental Technology. 2019; 41 (19):2439-2449.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Célestine Voegel; Nadège Durban; Alexandra Bertron; Yann Landon; Benjamin Erable. 2019. "Evaluation of microbial proliferation on cementitious materials exposed to biogas systems." Environmental Technology 41, no. 19: 2439-2449.

Journal article
Published: 09 October 2018 in International Journal of Hydrogen Energy
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Microbial anodes were formed under constant polarization either free in solution or inside channels of 1 mm or 5 mm height. Both the 5 mm and 1 mm high channels allowed the colonization of electrodes over several centimetres of penetration depth. The channel impacted the evolution of the biofilm along the electrode and limited the maximum current density to 5.4 A.m−2, whatever the height, while 13.1 A.m−2 was achieved with the free bioanodes. Several effects related to the channel configuration can be explained by a theoretical analysis of mass transfers. Nevertheless, other observations, such as the stabilizing effect of the channels on the long-term current, the time of 2 days that was always sufficient for the electrodes reach the maximum current, and the decoupling between current production and biofilm development, remain difficult to explain and open up exciting questions for future research on the mechanisms of electroactive biofilm formation.

ACS Style

Poehere Chong; Benjamin Erable; Alain Bergel. Microbial anodes: What actually occurs inside pores? International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 2018, 44, 4484 -4495.

AMA Style

Poehere Chong, Benjamin Erable, Alain Bergel. Microbial anodes: What actually occurs inside pores? International Journal of Hydrogen Energy. 2018; 44 (9):4484-4495.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Poehere Chong; Benjamin Erable; Alain Bergel. 2018. "Microbial anodes: What actually occurs inside pores?" International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 44, no. 9: 4484-4495.

Journal article
Published: 06 September 2018 in International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation
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The possible release of oxyanions, such as nitrate, from radioactive waste repositories may influence redox-conditions of the near field environment and thus promote mobility of some redox sensitive radionuclides. The fate of dissolved oxyanions will be significantly conditioned by microbial activities, if present in the aqueous interstitial phase of a waste cell. This study investigates microbial nitrate reduction in a cementitious environment. A consortium of microorganisms was used, an inoculum prepared with sediments collected from a former lime works site, characterized by a pH of pore water of 11–12. The biomass was acclimated to cement leachate supplemented with nitrate, acetate and yeast extract. According to experiments performed in closed and in dynamic systems, the microbial consortium was adapted to reduce nitrate and nitrite in a cementitious, anaerobic environment (pH 11, with and without hardened cement paste and leachate). Although, nitrite accumulation was observed in close system and temporally in dynamic system. The rate of nitrate reduction was between 0.12 and 0.75 mM/h with incoming nitrate concentrations between 6 and 48 mM, respectively. The microorganism diversity and the biofilm present on the hardened cement paste helped maintain microbial activity in all of the conditions simulating cementitious environments.

ACS Style

Nadège Durban; Yan Rafrafi; Athanasios Rizoulis; Achim Albrecht; Jean-Charles Robinet; Jonathan Lloyd; Alexandra Bertron; Benjamin Erable. Nitrate and nitrite reduction at high pH in a cementitious environment by a microbial microcosm. International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation 2018, 134, 93 -102.

AMA Style

Nadège Durban, Yan Rafrafi, Athanasios Rizoulis, Achim Albrecht, Jean-Charles Robinet, Jonathan Lloyd, Alexandra Bertron, Benjamin Erable. Nitrate and nitrite reduction at high pH in a cementitious environment by a microbial microcosm. International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation. 2018; 134 ():93-102.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Nadège Durban; Yan Rafrafi; Athanasios Rizoulis; Achim Albrecht; Jean-Charles Robinet; Jonathan Lloyd; Alexandra Bertron; Benjamin Erable. 2018. "Nitrate and nitrite reduction at high pH in a cementitious environment by a microbial microcosm." International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation 134, no. : 93-102.

Journal article
Published: 26 April 2018 in Electrochimica Acta
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In this work, a platinum group metal-free (PGM-free) catalyst based on iron as transitional metal and Nicarbazin (NCB) as low cost organic precursor was synthesized using Sacrificial Support Method (SSM). The catalyst was then incorporated into a large area air-breathing cathode fabricated by pressing with a large diameter pellet die. The electrochemical tests in abiotic conditions revealed that after a couple of weeks of successful operation, the electrode experienced drop in performances in reason of electrolyte leakage, which was not an issue with the smaller electrodes. A decrease in the hydrophobic properties over time and a consequent cathode flooding was suspected to be the cause. On the other side, in the present work, for the first time, it was demonstrated the proof of principle and provided initial guidance for manufacturing MFC electrodes with large geometric areas. The tests in MFCs showed a maximum power density of 1.85 W m−2. The MFCs performances due to the addition of Fe-NCB were much higher compared to the iron-free material. A numerical model using Nernst-Monod and Butler-Volmer equations were used to predict the effect of electrolyte solution conductivity and distance anode-cathode on the overall MFC power output. Considering the existing conditions, the higher overall power predicted was 3.6 mW at 22.2 S m−1 and at inter-electrode distance of 1 cm.

ACS Style

Benjamin Erable; Manon Oliot; Rémy Lacroix; Alain Bergel; Alexey Serov; Mounika Kodali; Carlo Santoro; Plamen Atanassov. Iron-Nicarbazin derived platinum group metal-free electrocatalyst in scalable-size air-breathing cathodes for microbial fuel cells. Electrochimica Acta 2018, 277, 127 -135.

AMA Style

Benjamin Erable, Manon Oliot, Rémy Lacroix, Alain Bergel, Alexey Serov, Mounika Kodali, Carlo Santoro, Plamen Atanassov. Iron-Nicarbazin derived platinum group metal-free electrocatalyst in scalable-size air-breathing cathodes for microbial fuel cells. Electrochimica Acta. 2018; 277 ():127-135.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Benjamin Erable; Manon Oliot; Rémy Lacroix; Alain Bergel; Alexey Serov; Mounika Kodali; Carlo Santoro; Plamen Atanassov. 2018. "Iron-Nicarbazin derived platinum group metal-free electrocatalyst in scalable-size air-breathing cathodes for microbial fuel cells." Electrochimica Acta 277, no. : 127-135.

Journal article
Published: 21 April 2018 in Electrochimica Acta
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ACS Style

E. Roubaud; R. Lacroix; S. Da Silva; A. Bergel; Regine Basseguy; Benjamin Erable. Catalysis of the hydrogen evolution reaction by hydrogen carbonate to decrease the voltage of microbial electrolysis cell fed with domestic wastewater. Electrochimica Acta 2018, 275, 32 -39.

AMA Style

E. Roubaud, R. Lacroix, S. Da Silva, A. Bergel, Regine Basseguy, Benjamin Erable. Catalysis of the hydrogen evolution reaction by hydrogen carbonate to decrease the voltage of microbial electrolysis cell fed with domestic wastewater. Electrochimica Acta. 2018; 275 ():32-39.

Chicago/Turabian Style

E. Roubaud; R. Lacroix; S. Da Silva; A. Bergel; Regine Basseguy; Benjamin Erable. 2018. "Catalysis of the hydrogen evolution reaction by hydrogen carbonate to decrease the voltage of microbial electrolysis cell fed with domestic wastewater." Electrochimica Acta 275, no. : 32-39.

Journal article
Published: 31 March 2018 in Chemical Engineering Journal
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The hydrogenation of carbon dioxide offers a large range of possible reactions for converting hydrogen to chemical compounds that can be easily stored, transported and used as fuels or platform molecules. In this study, CO2 hydrogenation was biocatalysed by multispecies microbial communities to produce formate, butyrate and acetate. A hybrid metal/microbial catalysis was pointed out in the presence of iron. Addition of FeCl3 10 mM increased the production of acetate by 265% and butyrate by 73%, to 5.26 and 14.19 g/L, respectively. A stable acetate production rate of 830 mg/L/d was thus sustained for more than 20 days. The presence of iron promoted the selection of Firmicutes and the best performances were linked to the growth of a restricted number of dominant species of two genera: Clostridium and Megasphaera. Various possible catalysis mechanisms are discussed and guidelines are proposed for further development and scale-up of the process.

ACS Style

Elise Blanchet; Zoï Vahlas; Luc Etcheverry; Yan Rafrafi; Benjamin Erable; Marie-Line Delia; Alain Bergel. Coupled iron-microbial catalysis for CO2 hydrogenation with multispecies microbial communities. Chemical Engineering Journal 2018, 346, 307 -316.

AMA Style

Elise Blanchet, Zoï Vahlas, Luc Etcheverry, Yan Rafrafi, Benjamin Erable, Marie-Line Delia, Alain Bergel. Coupled iron-microbial catalysis for CO2 hydrogenation with multispecies microbial communities. Chemical Engineering Journal. 2018; 346 ():307-316.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Elise Blanchet; Zoï Vahlas; Luc Etcheverry; Yan Rafrafi; Benjamin Erable; Marie-Line Delia; Alain Bergel. 2018. "Coupled iron-microbial catalysis for CO2 hydrogenation with multispecies microbial communities." Chemical Engineering Journal 346, no. : 307-316.

Journal article
Published: 05 March 2018 in Coatings
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Use of photocatalytic paint-like coatings may be a way to protect building materials from microbial colonization. Numerous studies have shown the antimicrobial efficiency of TiO 2 photocatalysis on various microorganisms. However, few have focused on easy-to-apply solutions and on photocatalysis under low irradiance. This paper focuses on (a) the antibacterial properties of a semi-transparent coating formulated using TiO 2 particles and (b) the microscopic investigations of bacterial biofilm development on TiO 2 -coated building materials under accelerated growth conditions. Results showed significant antibacterial activity after few hours of testing. The efficiency seemed limited by the confinement of the TiO 2 particles inside the coating binder. However, a pre-irradiation with UV light can improve efficiency. In addition, a significant effect against the formation of a bacterial biofilm was also observed. The epifluorescence approach, in which fluorescence is produced by reflect rather than transmitted light, could be applied in further studies of microbial growth on coatings and building materials.

ACS Style

Thomas Verdier; Alexandra Bertron; Benjamin Erable; Christine Roques. Bacterial Biofilm Characterization and Microscopic Evaluation of the Antibacterial Properties of a Photocatalytic Coating Protecting Building Material. Coatings 2018, 8, 93 .

AMA Style

Thomas Verdier, Alexandra Bertron, Benjamin Erable, Christine Roques. Bacterial Biofilm Characterization and Microscopic Evaluation of the Antibacterial Properties of a Photocatalytic Coating Protecting Building Material. Coatings. 2018; 8 (3):93.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Thomas Verdier; Alexandra Bertron; Benjamin Erable; Christine Roques. 2018. "Bacterial Biofilm Characterization and Microscopic Evaluation of the Antibacterial Properties of a Photocatalytic Coating Protecting Building Material." Coatings 8, no. 3: 93.