Background: Declines in ovarian function in postmenopausal women may contribute to increase inflammatory cytokines, which can lead to chronic diseases. However, studies have shown that exercise interventions are important to manage inflammatory conditions. Thus, the objective of this study was to analyze the effect of exercise intervention on inflammatory markers among obese and postmenopausal women.Methods: 70 women composed the sample (Exercise group [EG; n = 35] and nonexercise group [nEG; n = 35]). IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-10 were the inflammatory markers analyzed. Exercise program was 20 weeks long and consisted of aerobic and neuromuscular training. Data about chronic diseases, medication use, dietary intake, body composition and biochemical variables were collected.Results: EG showed significant reductions in body mass index, waist circumference and body fat percentage, as well as increased lean body mass. EG showed significant reductions in TNF-α and significant interaction between group and intervention time. Reductions in IL-10 were identified only in nEG. Substantial effect of exercise intervention was observed with increased ratio of IL-10/IL-6 and IL-10/TNF-α.Conclusions: Combination of aerobic exercise and resistance training was effective in reducing inflammation. Thus, implementation and maintenance of similar exercise programs can contribute to reduce chronic inflammation among obese postmenopausal women.

Considering the importance of spatial issues in transport planning, the main objective of this study was to analyze the results obtained from different approaches of spatial regression models. In the case of spatial autocorrelation, spatial dependence patterns should be incorporated in the models, since that dependence may affect the predictive power of these models. The results obtained with the spatial regression models were also compared with the results of a multiple linear regression model that is typically used in trips generation estimations. The findings support the hypothesis that the inclusion of spatial effects in regression models is important, since the best results were obtained with alternative models (spatial regression models or the ones with spatial variables included). This was observed in a case study carried out in the city of Porto Alegre, in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, in the stages of specification and calibration of the models, with two distinct datasets.

INTRODUÇÃO: o exercício físico tem sido recomendado, como estratégia terapêutica não farmacológica, no tratamento de importantes fatores de risco cardiovascular.OBJETIVO: analisar o impacto de um programa de exercício físico, adaptado à realidade das Unidades de Saúde da Família (USF), sobre a composição corporal, fatores de risco cardiovasculares e Escore de Framingham de mulheres obesas na pós-menopausa.MÉTODOS: 70 mulheres entre 50 e 79 anos, sedentárias, obesas e sem menstruar por no mínimo doze meses, foram distribuídas aleatoriamente em um grupo treinado (GT) (n=35) e um não treinado (GnT) (n=35). O GT participou de vinte semanas de um programa de exercícios físicos com três sessões semanais, constituído por atividades de monitoramento e aquecimento (10 min); 25 min de exercício de flexibilidade e força; 50 min de caminhada com intensidade entre 50 a 65% do VO2max; e 5 min de relaxamento. O GnT foi orientado a manter suas atividades normais.RESULTADOS: o GT apresentou reduções significativas do índice de massa corporal (30,1+3,7 vs. 29,3+3,7; p=0,0001), circunferência de cintura (93,3+10,3 vs. 89,1+10,4; p=0,0001), percentual de gordura (54,2+2,9 vs.53,2+3,3; p=0,0001), pressão arterial sistólica (128,0+14,6 vs. 119,2+10,3; p=0,0001), triglicerídeos (148,4+66,1 vs. 122,8+40,7; p=0,006), VLDL colesterol (29,7+13,2 vs. 24,5+8,0; p=0,005) e Escore de Framingham (13,08+4,0 vs. 11,77+4,1; p=0,010). No grupo não treinado foram observados aumentos significativos do percentual de gordura (55,0+4,0 vs. 57,0+3,8; p=0,0001), pressão arterial sistólica (128,6+10,5 vs. 133,7+12,0; p=0,001), glicemia de jejum (95,2+18,4 vs. 113,7+28,8; p=0,001) e Escore de Framingham (12,82+3,2 vs. 13,91+4,0; p=0,043), como também reduções do HDL colesterol (55,1+10,5 vs. 51,7+11,0; p=0,017).CONCLUSÃO: o programa de exercício físico adaptado às condições de USF foi efetivo na redução dos fatores de risco cardiovascular de mulheres obesas na pós-menopausa atendidas pelo programa SUS.

Background: Three-dimensional (3D) printing has emerged as a valuable tool in dentistry for producing provisional restorations with high precision and reduced costs. However, the limited mechanical strength of temporary 3D-printed resins remains a clinical concern. This in vitro study aimed to enhance the mechanical properties of a 3D-printed temporary resin by incorporating functionalized niobium (Nb) nanoparticles and to compare its performance with a conventional resin composite and a permanent 3D-printed resin. Methods: Six groups were evaluated: bisacrylic resin (Protemp), resin composite (Z350), temporary 3D resin (Temp 3D), permanent 3D resin (Perm 3D), Temp 3D + 0.05% Nb, and Temp 3D + 0.1% Nb. Niobium oxyhydroxide nanoparticles were synthesized using a hydrothermal method, silanized, and incorporated into the Temp 3D at 0.05% and 0.1% by weight. The tested variables included flexural strength (FS), elastic modulus (EM), surface hardness (SH), and color stability (ΔE). Results: The Z350 resin showed the best mechanical results. The addition of 0.1% Nb nanoparticles significantly improved the FS, EM, and SH of the Temp 3D, reaching values comparable to the Perm 3D (p > 0.05). Color stability remained unaffected across all groups. Conclusions: These findings suggest that Nb reinforcement at a low concentration is a promising strategy for improving the performance of 3D-printed temporary restorations.