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Energy refurbishment of the housing stock is needed in order to reduce energy consumption and meet global climate goals. This is even more necessary for social housing built in Spain in the middle of the last century since its obsolete energy conditions lead to situations of indoor thermal discomfort and energy poverty. The present study carries out a life cycle assessment of the energy and economic performance of roofs after being retrofitted to become cool roofs for the promotion of social housing in Seville (Spain). Dynamic simulations are made in which the time dependent aging effect on the energy performance of the refurbished cool roofs is included for the whole lifespan. The influence of the time dependent aging effect on the results of the life cycle economic analysis is also assessed. A variety of scenarios are considered in order to account for the aging effect in the energy performance of the retrofitted cool roofs and its incidence while considering different energy prices and monetary discount rates on the life cycle assessment. This is made through a dynamic life cycle assessment in order to capture the impact of the aging dynamic behavior correctly. Results point out significant savings in the operational energy. However, important differences are found in the economic savings when the life cycle analysis is carried out since the source of energy and the efficiency of the equipment used for conditioning strongly impact the economic results.
Antonio Dominguez-Delgado; Helena Domínguez Torres; Carlos-Antonio Domínguez-Torres. Energy and Economic Life Cycle Assessment of Cool Roofs Applied to the Refurbishment of Social Housing in Southern Spain. Sustainability 2020, 12, 5602 .
AMA StyleAntonio Dominguez-Delgado, Helena Domínguez Torres, Carlos-Antonio Domínguez-Torres. Energy and Economic Life Cycle Assessment of Cool Roofs Applied to the Refurbishment of Social Housing in Southern Spain. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (14):5602.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAntonio Dominguez-Delgado; Helena Domínguez Torres; Carlos-Antonio Domínguez-Torres. 2020. "Energy and Economic Life Cycle Assessment of Cool Roofs Applied to the Refurbishment of Social Housing in Southern Spain." Sustainability 12, no. 14: 5602.
The aim of this study is to analyze the energy efficiency resulting from the use of a type of Cool Roof under climatic conditions operating in Southern Spain and Northern Colombia during the whole year by using typical meteorological monthly data. Specifically, the thermodynamic behaviors of a Cool Roof and a standard roof are compared in two climatic and geographical frameworks that might suggest the use of this kind of roofs: the Mediterranean climate in Southern Spain and the Tropical Equatorial climate in Northern Colombia. Cool Roofs are an affordable technology because the materials used are simple and easily available, such as paints, tiles and membranes and they provide a great rate of return as its use can significantly reduce cooling energy costs during the summer period in South European areas or even during the whole year in Tropical Climatic areas. From the energy performance analysis made for the considered roofs, that is, the Cool Roof and a roof with a external layer of ceramic tiles, we conclude that in the case of Southern Spain the energy savings achieved during the hot season are counterbalanced by an increase of the heating charge in the cold season, although the global energy balance is favorable for the Cool Roof. In the case of the considered equatorial climate, the global energy balance is clearly favorable for the Cool Roof since it achieves a substantial reduction in energy consumption when compared to the standard ceramic tiles roof.
Carlos A. Domínguez Torres; Antonio Domínguez Delgado. Assessment of the Energy Efficiency of a “Cool Roof” for Passive Cooling. Comparative Study of a Case of Tropical Climate and a Case of Southern Spanish Climate. Sustainable Development and Renovation in Architecture, Urbanism and Engineering 2017, 439 -449.
AMA StyleCarlos A. Domínguez Torres, Antonio Domínguez Delgado. Assessment of the Energy Efficiency of a “Cool Roof” for Passive Cooling. Comparative Study of a Case of Tropical Climate and a Case of Southern Spanish Climate. Sustainable Development and Renovation in Architecture, Urbanism and Engineering. 2017; ():439-449.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCarlos A. Domínguez Torres; Antonio Domínguez Delgado. 2017. "Assessment of the Energy Efficiency of a “Cool Roof” for Passive Cooling. Comparative Study of a Case of Tropical Climate and a Case of Southern Spanish Climate." Sustainable Development and Renovation in Architecture, Urbanism and Engineering , no. : 439-449.
In this work we introduce a class of balanced numerical schemes, up to second order, for the solution of general non-homogeneous hyperbolic systems of conservation laws. We give a general technique to build such schemes. We also prove that they balance up to second order a large class of steady solutions in the whole domain but some subset whose measure tends to zero as the grid size decreases to zero. We finally present an application to Shallow Water equations that exhibit the good performances of some of the schemes introduced. To cite this article: T. Chacón Rebollo et al., C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, Ser. I 338 (2004). Dans ce travail nous introduisons une classe de schémas numériques equilibrés au second ordre pour la solution de systèmes hyperboliques de lois de conservation. Nous donnons une technique générale pour construire ce type de schémas. Nous prouvons que ces schémas équilibrent au second ordre une grande classe de solutions stationaires, dans tout le domaine, excepté un sous-ensemble de mesure qui tend vers zéro lorsque la taille de la maille tend vers zéro. Nous présentons finalement une application aux équations de Saint-Venant qui montre les bonnes performances de quelques-uns des schémas présentés. Pour citer cet article : T. Chacón Rebollo et al., C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, Ser. I 338 (2004).
Tomás Chacón Rebollo; Antonio Domı́nguez Delgado; Enrique D. Fernández Nieto. Asymptotically balanced schemes for non-homogeneous hyperbolic systems – application to the Shallow Water equations. Comptes Rendus Mathematique 2004, 338, 85 -90.
AMA StyleTomás Chacón Rebollo, Antonio Domı́nguez Delgado, Enrique D. Fernández Nieto. Asymptotically balanced schemes for non-homogeneous hyperbolic systems – application to the Shallow Water equations. Comptes Rendus Mathematique. 2004; 338 (1):85-90.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTomás Chacón Rebollo; Antonio Domı́nguez Delgado; Enrique D. Fernández Nieto. 2004. "Asymptotically balanced schemes for non-homogeneous hyperbolic systems – application to the Shallow Water equations." Comptes Rendus Mathematique 338, no. 1: 85-90.
In this work we introduce a multiparametric family of stable and accurate numerical schemes for 1D shallow water equations. These schemes are based upon the splitting of the discretization of the source term into centered and decentered parts. These schemes are specifically designed to fulfill the enhanced consistency condition of Bermúdez and Vázquez, necessary to obtain accurate solutions when source terms arise. Our general family of schemes contains as particular cases the extensions already known of Roe and Van Leer schemes, and as new contributions, extensions of Steger–Warming, Vijayasundaram, Lax–Friedrichs and Lax–Wendroff schemes with and without flux-limiters. We include some meaningful numerical tests, which show the good stability and consistency properties of several of the new methods proposed. We also include a linear stability analysis that sets natural sufficient conditions of stability for our general methods.
Tomás Chacón Rebollo; Antonio Domı́nguez Delgado; Enrique D. Fernández Nieto. A family of stable numerical solvers for the shallow water equations with source terms. Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering 2003, 192, 203 -225.
AMA StyleTomás Chacón Rebollo, Antonio Domı́nguez Delgado, Enrique D. Fernández Nieto. A family of stable numerical solvers for the shallow water equations with source terms. Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering. 2003; 192 (1-2):203-225.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTomás Chacón Rebollo; Antonio Domı́nguez Delgado; Enrique D. Fernández Nieto. 2003. "A family of stable numerical solvers for the shallow water equations with source terms." Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering 192, no. 1-2: 203-225.
In this work we present a general structure of numerical schemes for 2D Shallow Water Equations with source terms. This family of numerical schemes includes previous extensions to non-homogeneous Shallow Water equations of fluxdifference schemes such as Roe’s and Van Leer’s due to Bermúdez and Vázquez, and other new methods introduced in this work. Also, we introduce the extension of flux-splitting methods such as Vijayasundaram, Steger-Warming, and other new methods of this class. We include in this work a study of linear stability and different numerical tests.
Tomás Chacón Rebollo; Antonio Domínguez Delgado; Enrique D. Fernández Nieto. Numerical Schemes for 2D Shallow Water Equations with Variable Depth and Friction Effects. Mathematical and Numerical Aspects of Wave Propagation WAVES 2003 2003, 506 -511.
AMA StyleTomás Chacón Rebollo, Antonio Domínguez Delgado, Enrique D. Fernández Nieto. Numerical Schemes for 2D Shallow Water Equations with Variable Depth and Friction Effects. Mathematical and Numerical Aspects of Wave Propagation WAVES 2003. 2003; ():506-511.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTomás Chacón Rebollo; Antonio Domínguez Delgado; Enrique D. Fernández Nieto. 2003. "Numerical Schemes for 2D Shallow Water Equations with Variable Depth and Friction Effects." Mathematical and Numerical Aspects of Wave Propagation WAVES 2003 , no. : 506-511.
This paper performs a unified numerical analysis of Mixed and Stabilized Finite Element numerical solutions of 2D and 3D Steady Navier–Stokes Equations. We introduce a general internal discretization of Navier–Stokes equations of which both Mixed and Stabilized Methods are particular cases. We prove convergence of Stabilized Methods with non linear stabilization coefficients, in particular for flows with convection dominance. We also analyze the approximation of branches of regular solutions, in the case of convection dominance. We introduce a stabilized post-processing of Galerkin Finite Element (FE) solution of convection-dominated flows. Some numerical test for nonlinear flows show the good performances of this technique.
Tomás Chacón Rebollo; Antonio Domı́nguez Delgado. A unified analysis of mixed and stabilized finite element solutions of Navier–Stokes equations. Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering 2000, 182, 301 -331.
AMA StyleTomás Chacón Rebollo, Antonio Domı́nguez Delgado. A unified analysis of mixed and stabilized finite element solutions of Navier–Stokes equations. Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering. 2000; 182 (3):301-331.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTomás Chacón Rebollo; Antonio Domı́nguez Delgado. 2000. "A unified analysis of mixed and stabilized finite element solutions of Navier–Stokes equations." Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering 182, no. 3: 301-331.