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Claudio Feliciani
Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan

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Journal article
Published: 09 December 2020 in Royal Society Open Science
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Improvements in the design of pedestrian facilities have reduced the frequency of crowd accidents, and safety is now generally ensured in well-planned crowd events. However, congestion and inefficient use of infrastructures still remain an issue. To guarantee comfort and reduce close contacts between people, there are circumstances when crowd density may have to be reduced well below safety limits. Although research has given a lot of attention to extreme scenarios, methods to improve non-critical conditions have been little explored. In addition, crowd sensing technology is still mostly used for data collection and direct use on crowd management is rare. In this work, we present a system aimed at computing optimal egress time for groups of people leaving a complex facility. We show that, if egress starting time is accurately computed for each group based on actual crowd conditions, density can be greatly reduced without having a large effect on the total egress time of the whole crowd. To show the efficacy of such a system, a small-scale experiment is conducted where all components are tested in a simple scenario. As a result, an increase in total egress time by only 5% allowed to reduce maximum density by 35%.

ACS Style

Hisashi Murakami; Claudio Feliciani; Kenichiro Shimura; Katsuhiro Nishinari. A system for efficient egress scheduling during mass events and small-scale experimental demonstration. Royal Society Open Science 2020, 7, 201465 .

AMA Style

Hisashi Murakami, Claudio Feliciani, Kenichiro Shimura, Katsuhiro Nishinari. A system for efficient egress scheduling during mass events and small-scale experimental demonstration. Royal Society Open Science. 2020; 7 (12):201465.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hisashi Murakami; Claudio Feliciani; Kenichiro Shimura; Katsuhiro Nishinari. 2020. "A system for efficient egress scheduling during mass events and small-scale experimental demonstration." Royal Society Open Science 7, no. 12: 201465.

Conference paper
Published: 17 November 2020 in Springer Proceedings in Physics
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Recent improvements in crowd sensing and dynamic signage are paving the way for automatic crowd control, in which real-time information is used to steer crowds of people. However, little is known on the impact that automatic information provision has on crowd dynamics. In this study, pedestrians moving in a two-lane fork loop were given different types of information and were guided using different strategies. Our analysis focused on which combination had the best performance and was perceived as comfortable from the participants. Results indicate that a human guidance is preferred when comfort is concerned, but providing real-time traffic information is more efficient in terms of pedestrian flow. It is speculated that the processing of a large volume of information limits the perceived comfort when real-time data are provided. As a consequence, people prefer the less effective human guidance in which decision-making is entrusted into others. With this said, the speculative nature of this conclusion puts emphasis on future studies which will need to investigate more in detail how information provision affects pedestrians’ behavior and comfort perception in public spaces.

ACS Style

Claudio Feliciani; Hisashi Murakami; Kenichiro Shimura; Katsuhiro Nishinari. Experimental Investigation on Information Provision Methods and Guidance Strategies for Crowd Control. Springer Proceedings in Physics 2020, 61 -67.

AMA Style

Claudio Feliciani, Hisashi Murakami, Kenichiro Shimura, Katsuhiro Nishinari. Experimental Investigation on Information Provision Methods and Guidance Strategies for Crowd Control. Springer Proceedings in Physics. 2020; ():61-67.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Claudio Feliciani; Hisashi Murakami; Kenichiro Shimura; Katsuhiro Nishinari. 2020. "Experimental Investigation on Information Provision Methods and Guidance Strategies for Crowd Control." Springer Proceedings in Physics , no. : 61-67.

Conference paper
Published: 17 November 2020 in Springer Proceedings in Physics
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Road accidents are among the leading cause of death worldwide, with developing countries paying the highest toll. Among the different road users, pedestrians are the most vulnerable. A better understanding of the relation occurring between car drivers and pedestrians when they interact is necessary for the development of new research approaches and their fall in education/prevention. Given the risks involved in the study of car-pedestrian interactions, experimental studies are difficult and only simulators represent a feasible alternative. However, the high cost of driving simulators prevent developing countries from investing on these tools. In this research, we considered the possibility to use a simple low-cost (below 500 $) virtual reality (VR) based driving simulator to study the interaction between cars and pedestrians at unsignalized crosswalks. Young adults and elderlies were asked to drive in a virtual environment where simulated pedestrians would pass randomly on crosswalks. Driving behavior was numerically determined for both age groups using speed, time gap and driving accuracy. The obtained results fit with the behavior observed in real conditions, suggesting the empowerment of the application of low-cost VR-based systems for traffic safety research. Results on usability indicated the existence of discomfort during the use of VR tools, suggesting deeper studies on digital-divide issues.

ACS Style

Claudio Feliciani; Luca Crociani; Andrea Gorrini; Akihito Nagahama; Katsuhiro Nishinari; Stefania Bandini. Experiments and Usability Tests of a VR-Based Driving Simulator to Evaluate Driving Behavior in the Presence of Crossing Pedestrians. Springer Proceedings in Physics 2020, 471 -477.

AMA Style

Claudio Feliciani, Luca Crociani, Andrea Gorrini, Akihito Nagahama, Katsuhiro Nishinari, Stefania Bandini. Experiments and Usability Tests of a VR-Based Driving Simulator to Evaluate Driving Behavior in the Presence of Crossing Pedestrians. Springer Proceedings in Physics. 2020; ():471-477.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Claudio Feliciani; Luca Crociani; Andrea Gorrini; Akihito Nagahama; Katsuhiro Nishinari; Stefania Bandini. 2020. "Experiments and Usability Tests of a VR-Based Driving Simulator to Evaluate Driving Behavior in the Presence of Crossing Pedestrians." Springer Proceedings in Physics , no. : 471-477.

Journal article
Published: 29 September 2020 in Scientific Reports
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Although some experimental evidence showed that an obstacle placed in front of a door allows making people’s evacuations faster, the efficacy of such a solution has been debated for over 15 years. Researchers are split between those who found the obstacle beneficial and those who could not find a significant difference without it. One of the reasons for the several conclusions lies in the variety of the experiments performed so far, both in terms of competitiveness among participants, geometrical configuration and number of participants. In this work, two unique datasets relative to evacuations with/without obstacle and comprising low and high competitiveness are analyzed using state-of-the-art definitions for crowd dynamics. In particular, the so-called congestion level is employed to measure the smoothness of collective motion. Results for extreme conditions show that, on the overall, the obstacle does not reduce density and congestion level and it could rather slightly increase it. From this perspective, the obstacle was found simply shifting the dangerous spots from the area in front of the exit to the regions between the obstacle and the wall. On the other side, it was however confirmed, that the obstacle can stabilize longitudinal crowd waves, thus reducing the risk of trampling, which could be as important (in terms of safety) as improving the evacuation time. However, under urgent, competitive, but non-extreme conditions, the obstacle generally had a positive effect, helping channeling the flow of pedestrians through the exit while facilitating their interactions.

ACS Style

Claudio Feliciani; Iker Zuriguel; Angel Garcimartín; Diego Maza; Katsuhiro Nishinari. Systematic experimental investigation of the obstacle effect during non-competitive and extremely competitive evacuations. Scientific Reports 2020, 10, 1 -20.

AMA Style

Claudio Feliciani, Iker Zuriguel, Angel Garcimartín, Diego Maza, Katsuhiro Nishinari. Systematic experimental investigation of the obstacle effect during non-competitive and extremely competitive evacuations. Scientific Reports. 2020; 10 (1):1-20.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Claudio Feliciani; Iker Zuriguel; Angel Garcimartín; Diego Maza; Katsuhiro Nishinari. 2020. "Systematic experimental investigation of the obstacle effect during non-competitive and extremely competitive evacuations." Scientific Reports 10, no. 1: 1-20.

Journal article
Published: 14 August 2020 in IEEE Access
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This paper studies the traffic behavior of travelers who drive from living areas to workplaces through bottleneck roads during the early rush hours when the travel time on the road is uncertain. Based on the travel time which is assumed stochastic and follows a uniform distribution, the equilibrium properties of the proposed model are derived and individual travel cost is obtained. According to the assumptions, three possible departure-time intervals have been considered when users always arrive early, arrive early or late, always arrive late. Travelers’ travel choice behaviors are analyzed in detail and equilibrium is achieved with these three situations. The results show that even if they start at the same time, they may arrive early or late, but not necessarily early or late. Numerical examples verify the theoretical analysis, and it is found that the time interval of arriving at the workplace also changes when the stochastic degree of travel time increases.

ACS Style

Xiao Guo; Aomuhan Zhang; Lu Tian; Tongfei Li. Modeling the Morning Commute Problem With Stochastic Travel Time in a Bottleneck Model. IEEE Access 2020, 8, 149468 -149475.

AMA Style

Xiao Guo, Aomuhan Zhang, Lu Tian, Tongfei Li. Modeling the Morning Commute Problem With Stochastic Travel Time in a Bottleneck Model. IEEE Access. 2020; 8 ():149468-149475.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Xiao Guo; Aomuhan Zhang; Lu Tian; Tongfei Li. 2020. "Modeling the Morning Commute Problem With Stochastic Travel Time in a Bottleneck Model." IEEE Access 8, no. : 149468-149475.

Journal article
Published: 02 April 2020 in Journal of Advanced Transportation
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With the recent emergence of big data, there has been significant progress in the study of big data mining and rapid developments in urban computing. With the integration of planning and management in urban areas, there is an urgent need to focus on the identification of urban functional areas (UFAs) based on big data. This paper describes the concept of communication activity intensity, which is more meaningful than the number of communication activities or the user density in identifying UFAs. The impact of diverse geographical area subdivisions on the accuracy of UFA recognition is discussed, and a k-means clustering method for dynamic call detail record data and kernel density estimation technique for static point of interest data are established at the traffic analysis zone level. A case study on the region within Beijing’s 3rd Ring Road is conducted, and the results of UFA identification are qualitatively and quantitatively verified. The causes of large passenger flows on certain metro lines in Beijing are also analyzed. The highest identification accuracy is obtained for park and scenery areas, followed by residential areas and office areas. In conclusion, the proposed method offers a significant improvement over the identification accuracy of previous techniques, which verifies the reliability of the method.

ACS Style

Guang Yuan; Yanyan Chen; Lishan Sun; Jianhui Lai; Tongfei Li; Zhuo Liu. Recognition of Functional Areas Based on Call Detail Records and Point of Interest Data. Journal of Advanced Transportation 2020, 2020, 1 -16.

AMA Style

Guang Yuan, Yanyan Chen, Lishan Sun, Jianhui Lai, Tongfei Li, Zhuo Liu. Recognition of Functional Areas Based on Call Detail Records and Point of Interest Data. Journal of Advanced Transportation. 2020; 2020 ():1-16.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Guang Yuan; Yanyan Chen; Lishan Sun; Jianhui Lai; Tongfei Li; Zhuo Liu. 2020. "Recognition of Functional Areas Based on Call Detail Records and Point of Interest Data." Journal of Advanced Transportation 2020, no. : 1-16.

Journal article
Published: 27 March 2020 in Collective Dynamics
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In this paper, we present two quantities aimed at numerically describing the level of congestion and the intrinsic risk of pedestrian crowds. The congestion level allows to assess the smoothness of pedestrian streams and recognize regions where self-organization is difficult or not possible. This measure differs from previous attempts to quantify congestion in pedestrian crowds by employing velocities as vector entities (thus not only focusing on the absolute value). The crowd danger contains elements related to congestion, but also includes the effect of density, consequently allowing to asses the risks intrinsically created by the dynamics of crowds. Details on the computational methods related to both quantities are described in the paper and their properties are discussed. As a practical application, both measures are used to investigate supervised experiments where evacuation (or similar conditions) are considered. Results for small room sizes and limited number of pedestrians show that the crowd danger distribution over the space in front of the exit door has similar patterns to typical quantities used in the frame of pedestrian dynamics (density and flow) and symmetrical shapes are obtained. However, when larger scenarios are considered, then congestion map and crowd danger become unrelated from density and/or flow, showing that both quantities express different aspects of pedestrian motion.

ACS Style

Claudio Feliciani; Katsuhiro Nishinari. Investigation of pedestrian evacuation scenarios through congestion level and crowd dang. Collective Dynamics 2020, 5, 150 -157.

AMA Style

Claudio Feliciani, Katsuhiro Nishinari. Investigation of pedestrian evacuation scenarios through congestion level and crowd dang. Collective Dynamics. 2020; 5 ():150-157.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Claudio Feliciani; Katsuhiro Nishinari. 2020. "Investigation of pedestrian evacuation scenarios through congestion level and crowd dang." Collective Dynamics 5, no. : 150-157.

Journal article
Published: 27 March 2020 in Collective Dynamics
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This study focuses on social pedestrian groups in public spaces and makes an effort to identify the social relation between the group members. We particularly consider dyads having coalitional or mating relation. We derive several observables from individual and group trajectories, which are suggested to be distinctive for these two sorts of relations and propose a recognition algorithm taking these observables as features and yielding an estimation of social relation in a probabilistic manner at every sampling step. On the average, we detect coalitional relation with 87% and mating relation with 81% accuracy. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to infer social relation from joint (loco)motion patterns and we consider the detection rates to be a satisfactory considering the inherent challenge of the problem.

ACS Style

Zeynep Yucel; Francesco Zanlungo; Claudio Feliciani; Adrien Gregorj; Takayuki Kanda. Estimating social relation from trajectories. Collective Dynamics 2020, 5, 222 -229.

AMA Style

Zeynep Yucel, Francesco Zanlungo, Claudio Feliciani, Adrien Gregorj, Takayuki Kanda. Estimating social relation from trajectories. Collective Dynamics. 2020; 5 ():222-229.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zeynep Yucel; Francesco Zanlungo; Claudio Feliciani; Adrien Gregorj; Takayuki Kanda. 2020. "Estimating social relation from trajectories." Collective Dynamics 5, no. : 222-229.

Journal article
Published: 27 March 2020 in Collective Dynamics
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Present simulation and experimental research still have deficiency in depicting the evading behaviour of single pedestrians confronting with an obstacle, which is the basis for the study of crowd dynamics affected by obstacles in real life. Therefore, this study will conduct experiments with a bar-shaped obstacle in the middle of a corridor and explore the corresponding general and particular features of single pedestrians. Particularly, the variation of pedestrian velocity and trajectory under different-sized obstacles will be illustrated. By taking the average velocity and trajectories of the 32 participants, it could be concluded that pedestrians would walk at a velocity of about 1.5 m/s without being affected by the size of obstacle. Besides, pedestrians tend to pass a location about 0.4 meters away from the obstacle edge that is perpendicular to walking direction. Furthermore, pedestrians tend to begin and finish evading the obstacle at locations respectively about 4.40 meters and 4.85 meters away from the obstacle. We also found a heterogeneity in the evading behaviour and pedestrians could be classified into four types accordingly. Results of this study are expected to provide reliable evidence for agent-based modelling in the future.

ACS Style

Xiaolu Jia; Claudio Feliciani; Daichi Yanagisawa; Katsuhiro Nishinari. Experimental study on the evading behaviour of single pedestrians encountering an obstacle. Collective Dynamics 2020, 5, 77 -84.

AMA Style

Xiaolu Jia, Claudio Feliciani, Daichi Yanagisawa, Katsuhiro Nishinari. Experimental study on the evading behaviour of single pedestrians encountering an obstacle. Collective Dynamics. 2020; 5 ():77-84.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Xiaolu Jia; Claudio Feliciani; Daichi Yanagisawa; Katsuhiro Nishinari. 2020. "Experimental study on the evading behaviour of single pedestrians encountering an obstacle." Collective Dynamics 5, no. : 77-84.

Erratum
Published: 13 March 2020 in Simulation Modelling Practice and Theory
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ACS Style

Shuqi Xue; Claudio Feliciani; Xiaomeng Shi; Tongfei Li. Corrigendum to ‘Revealing the hidden rules of bidirectional pedestrian flow based on an improved floor field cellular automata model’ [Simulation Modelling Practice and Theory 100 (2020) 1–16/102044]. Simulation Modelling Practice and Theory 2020, 103, 102081 .

AMA Style

Shuqi Xue, Claudio Feliciani, Xiaomeng Shi, Tongfei Li. Corrigendum to ‘Revealing the hidden rules of bidirectional pedestrian flow based on an improved floor field cellular automata model’ [Simulation Modelling Practice and Theory 100 (2020) 1–16/102044]. Simulation Modelling Practice and Theory. 2020; 103 ():102081.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Shuqi Xue; Claudio Feliciani; Xiaomeng Shi; Tongfei Li. 2020. "Corrigendum to ‘Revealing the hidden rules of bidirectional pedestrian flow based on an improved floor field cellular automata model’ [Simulation Modelling Practice and Theory 100 (2020) 1–16/102044]." Simulation Modelling Practice and Theory 103, no. : 102081.

Journal article
Published: 01 March 2020 in Journal of Urban Planning and Development
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We focus on the location choice behavior of new residents in the urban system using the reference-dependent theory approach. Reference-dependent theory offers an alternative analytical framework for the study of residential location choice behavior. This problem is formulated as bilevel programming in which the upper-level programming model is of household residential choice behavior with a combination of the reference-dependent theory and a discrete choice model, whereas the lower-level is a multiclass stochastic user equilibrium model. Here, the heterogeneity of households/travelers and the stochastic character of traffic networks are carefully taken into account. The multiclass stochastic user equilibrium condition is formulated into an equivalent variational inequality problem. Furthermore, an iterative algorithm combined method of successive averages has been adopted to solve this bilevel model. In numerical experiments, we illustrate the effect of different highway toll strategies and different reference points on the urban spatial structure. Finally, some interesting conclusions are obtained.

ACS Style

Tongfei Li; Huijun Sun; Jianjun Wu; Der-Horng Lee. Household Residential Location Choice Equilibrium Model Based on Reference-Dependent Theory. Journal of Urban Planning and Development 2020, 146, 04019024 .

AMA Style

Tongfei Li, Huijun Sun, Jianjun Wu, Der-Horng Lee. Household Residential Location Choice Equilibrium Model Based on Reference-Dependent Theory. Journal of Urban Planning and Development. 2020; 146 (1):04019024.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Tongfei Li; Huijun Sun; Jianjun Wu; Der-Horng Lee. 2020. "Household Residential Location Choice Equilibrium Model Based on Reference-Dependent Theory." Journal of Urban Planning and Development 146, no. 1: 04019024.

Journal article
Published: 01 March 2020 in Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies
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This study presents the findings of an evacuation experiment involving a mixed population of able-bodied walking pedestrians and wheelchair users. A simulation model capable of reproducing the results is also introduced. The experiment was designed as a square room having four hidden exits that were different in nature (narrow, wide, sloped, and with stairs). Participants selectively received information allowing them to know the nature of each exit. The conditions under which nobody/everybody knew a priori the configuration of the room were tested alongside the condition where only wheelchair users had access to this information. The results show that evacuation time was greatly reduced when the three wheelchair users (out of 52 participants) were informed of exit location and nature. A further but more limited improvement was seen when all participants received the same information. A more detailed analysis indicates that the smooth motion of wheelchair users has benefits in relation to the surrounding crowd dynamics, highlighting the importance of improving accessibility for disabled people and making available to them information on exit route characteristics. The same results were obtained using the simulation model developed to account for the presence of wheelchair users and employed to investigate more detailed scenarios. More generally, this study suggests that information provision to specific groups of pedestrians could be more efficient and achieve similar results in comparison with trying to reach the largest possible number of pedestrians. The results and the methods presented in this study are particularly relevant to the development of automatic information systems, which are becoming the backbone of large pedestrian facilities.

ACS Style

Claudio Feliciani; Hisashi Murakami; Kenichiro Shimura; Katsuhiro Nishinari. Efficiently informing crowds – Experiments and simulations on route choice and decision making in pedestrian crowds with wheelchair users. Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies 2020, 114, 484 -503.

AMA Style

Claudio Feliciani, Hisashi Murakami, Kenichiro Shimura, Katsuhiro Nishinari. Efficiently informing crowds – Experiments and simulations on route choice and decision making in pedestrian crowds with wheelchair users. Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies. 2020; 114 ():484-503.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Claudio Feliciani; Hisashi Murakami; Kenichiro Shimura; Katsuhiro Nishinari. 2020. "Efficiently informing crowds – Experiments and simulations on route choice and decision making in pedestrian crowds with wheelchair users." Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies 114, no. : 484-503.

Research article
Published: 20 January 2020 in Journal of Advanced Transportation
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Accessibility could reflect people’s travel convenience, cities’ livability and sustainability, and reduce the negative impacts on the environment and safety. It is therefore a key concept in city sustainable development policies across the world. Based on the multi-source data, this paper tries to have an empirical analysis on the urban accessibility of Qingdao city from the angles of spatial linkage strength, job-hosting ratio and distributions of large-scale hospitals and schools. The multisource data includes navigation data, location based service (LBS) data, Point of Interest (POI) data and the census data. The inter-city linkage strength and internal-external linkage strength are used to evaluate the spatial linkages of the urban agglomeration. Results show that the spatial connectivity and public facilities have a very strong positive correlation with the inter-city accessibility. Meanwhile, providing transport infrastructure and services could greatly strengthen the accessibility between two areas. Job-housing ratio is used to analyze the distribution of residents and jobs. Results show that the job-housing ratio declines gradually from the central urban areas to the surrounding areas. Distributions of large-scale hospitals and schools are used to estimate the service capacity of public facilities. Results show that public service facilities are mainly concentrated in the developed areas. On the contrary, the other areas developed slowly due to lack of supporting service facilities.

ACS Style

Ge Gao; Zhen Wang; Xinmin Liu; Tongfei Li. An Empirical Spatial Accessibility Analysis of Qingdao City Based on Multisource Data. Journal of Advanced Transportation 2020, 2020, 1 -19.

AMA Style

Ge Gao, Zhen Wang, Xinmin Liu, Tongfei Li. An Empirical Spatial Accessibility Analysis of Qingdao City Based on Multisource Data. Journal of Advanced Transportation. 2020; 2020 ():1-19.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ge Gao; Zhen Wang; Xinmin Liu; Tongfei Li. 2020. "An Empirical Spatial Accessibility Analysis of Qingdao City Based on Multisource Data." Journal of Advanced Transportation 2020, no. : 1-19.

Journal article
Published: 23 December 2019 in IEEE Access
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The continuous increase in the number of private cars has caused an imbalance in the travel of cars and buses. This phenomenon has become a bottleneck restricting urban transportation economy and sustainable development. This paper examines the effectiveness of policy options in motivating travelers to choose buses instead of cars. Using of reference dependence describes mode choice behaviors with two attributes under different public transit policies in uncertain conditions. At the same time, we also consider using the bus fare concession strategy to guide the traveler to reasonably choose the bus travel, and establish a bi-level programming model to optimize the bus fare proportions. Among them, the lower-level planning considers the two attributes impact of traffic policy on travelers’ decision to bus travel. Using the upper-level planning, the optimal fare preferential proportion for different policy decisions is decided considering the lowest total system cost. The study highlights that the transit subsidy policy can be employed to guide travelers to choose bus travel preferentially. Model effectiveness is verified using numerical examples. The model is indispensable for the implementation of future traffic demand management strategies.

ACS Style

Tianchao Guan; Tongfei Li. Which is More Effective in Guiding Households to Choose Bus Travel–A Transit Subsidy Policy or Discount Policy? IEEE Access 2019, 7, 186671 -186682.

AMA Style

Tianchao Guan, Tongfei Li. Which is More Effective in Guiding Households to Choose Bus Travel–A Transit Subsidy Policy or Discount Policy? IEEE Access. 2019; 7 (99):186671-186682.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Tianchao Guan; Tongfei Li. 2019. "Which is More Effective in Guiding Households to Choose Bus Travel–A Transit Subsidy Policy or Discount Policy?" IEEE Access 7, no. 99: 186671-186682.

Journal article
Published: 17 December 2019 in Simulation Modelling Practice and Theory
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The floor field cellular automaton model (FFCA) has been widely adopted to simulate pedestrian and evacuation dynamics. Many self-organized phenomena could be reproduced with the FFCA model, such as the lane formation in bidirectional pedestrian flow. However, as presented in this study, when we tried to use the FFCA model to simulate an experiment on bidirectional pedestrian flows performed in discrete space and time, we found the model failed to agree with the empirical results. The gridlock formation (not observed in the experiment) was unavoidable in the FFCA model and the clearance time in simulation was much larger than that of the experiment. From the experiments, we observed that people would like to stop if they would foresee a benefit in the near feature and consequently give way to people coming from the opposite direction. This inspired us to incorporate such behavioral rules for modeling pedestrian movements in bidirectional flows. To this end, we introduced a waiting time rule to the original FFCA model. Results showed the performance of the model could be significantly improved. The gridlock probability could be reduced to zero, with clearance time agreeing well with the experimental outcome. Findings from this study can provide meaningful insights for researchers into understanding the pedestrian behavior in bidirectional flow and help develop more reliable simulation software.

ACS Style

Shuqi Xue; Feliciani Claudio; Xiaomeng Shi; Tongfei Li. Revealing the hidden rules of bidirectional pedestrian flow based on an improved floor field cellular automata model. Simulation Modelling Practice and Theory 2019, 100, 102044 .

AMA Style

Shuqi Xue, Feliciani Claudio, Xiaomeng Shi, Tongfei Li. Revealing the hidden rules of bidirectional pedestrian flow based on an improved floor field cellular automata model. Simulation Modelling Practice and Theory. 2019; 100 ():102044.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Shuqi Xue; Feliciani Claudio; Xiaomeng Shi; Tongfei Li. 2019. "Revealing the hidden rules of bidirectional pedestrian flow based on an improved floor field cellular automata model." Simulation Modelling Practice and Theory 100, no. : 102044.

Journal article
Published: 03 December 2019 in IEEE Access
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In recent years, with the acceleration of the urbanization process, the contradiction between transportation infrastructure facilities and spatial layout of urban land use is escalating. However, integrated urban planning and transportation planning provides a new way to significantly relieve traffic congestion and the phenomenon of jobs-housing separation brought by urbanization. In this study, the massive internet data of urban planning (e.g. internet-based positioning data) and traditional data resources of the traffic system (e.g. smart card data) are combined to identify the jobs-housing relationship around urban rail transit stations instead of the method of theoretical modeling. All the stations are classified into different categories on this basis. Besides, as for the connections of different regions and the spatial distribution of the urban population, the method of smart card data mining is adopted to analyze commuting characteristics and spatial distribution of origin-destination travel demand for different categories of stations. Finally, analysis of the correlation between the resident population around urban rail transit stations and commuting passenger flow is carried out by statistical methods. Corresponding results can be further applied to the integrated planning of transportation and land use.

ACS Style

Tongfei Li; Yanyan Chen; Zhen Wang; Zhuo Liu; Rui Ding; Shuqi Xue. Analysis of Jobs-Housing Relationship and Commuting Characteristics Around Urban Rail Transit Stations. IEEE Access 2019, 7, 175083 -175092.

AMA Style

Tongfei Li, Yanyan Chen, Zhen Wang, Zhuo Liu, Rui Ding, Shuqi Xue. Analysis of Jobs-Housing Relationship and Commuting Characteristics Around Urban Rail Transit Stations. IEEE Access. 2019; 7 (99):175083-175092.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Tongfei Li; Yanyan Chen; Zhen Wang; Zhuo Liu; Rui Ding; Shuqi Xue. 2019. "Analysis of Jobs-Housing Relationship and Commuting Characteristics Around Urban Rail Transit Stations." IEEE Access 7, no. 99: 175083-175092.

Research article
Published: 28 October 2019 in Complexity
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Previous urban traffic network-based studies have been based mostly on single-layer networks. Based on their shortcomings, starting from the perspective of a multilayer urban traffic network, this paper takes the different anticongestion abilities and network characteristics of various network structures under the condition of traffic congestion as the research object. Then, a comparative experiment is performed via simulation, and the optimal multilayer urban traffic network topology is obtained under different conditions. It is found that these scale-free related multilayer networks have relatively strong ability to support more traffic flows and have higher anticongestion abilities, regardless of whether it is a lower-layer or upper-layer network. The research results are helpful to deepen our understanding of the characteristics of traffic network structures, help scholars further cognize the structural properties of multilayer urban traffic networks, practically help urban traffic network planners to further optimize the urban traffic network, and broaden the study of multilayer traffic networks.

ACS Style

Rui Ding; Jian Yin; Peng Dai; Lu Jiao; Rong Li; Tongfei Li; Jianjun Wu. Optimal Topology of Multilayer Urban Traffic Networks. Complexity 2019, 2019, 1 -19.

AMA Style

Rui Ding, Jian Yin, Peng Dai, Lu Jiao, Rong Li, Tongfei Li, Jianjun Wu. Optimal Topology of Multilayer Urban Traffic Networks. Complexity. 2019; 2019 ():1-19.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Rui Ding; Jian Yin; Peng Dai; Lu Jiao; Rong Li; Tongfei Li; Jianjun Wu. 2019. "Optimal Topology of Multilayer Urban Traffic Networks." Complexity 2019, no. : 1-19.

Research article
Published: 17 October 2019 in PLoS ONE
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This study focuses on social pedestrian groups in public spaces and makes an effort to identify the type of social relation between the group members. As a first step for this identification problem, we focus on dyads (i.e. 2 people groups). Moreover, as a mutually exclusive categorization of social relations, we consider the domain-based approach of Bugental, which precisely corresponds to social relations of colleagues, couples, friends and families, and identify each dyad with one of those relations. For this purpose, we use anonymized trajectory data and derive a set of observables thereof, namely, inter-personal distance, group velocity, velocity difference and height difference. Subsequently, we use the probability density functions (pdf) of these observables as a tool to understand the nature of the relation between pedestrians. To that end, we propose different ways of using the pdfs. Namely, we introduce a probabilistic Bayesian approach and contrast it to a functional metric one and evaluate the performance of both methods with appropriate assessment measures. This study stands out as the first attempt to automatically recognize social relation between pedestrian groups. Additionally, in doing that it uses completely anonymous data and proves that social relation is still possible to recognize with a good accuracy without invading privacy. In particular, our findings indicate that significant recognition rates can be attained for certain categories and with certain methods. Specifically, we show that a very good recognition rate is achieved in distinguishing colleagues from leisure-oriented dyads (families, couples and friends), whereas the distinction between the leisure-oriented dyads results to be inherently harder, but still possible at reasonable rates, in particular if families are restricted to parent-child groups. In general, we establish that the Bayesian method outperforms the functional metric one due, probably, to the difficulty of the latter to learn observable pdfs from individual trajectories.

ACS Style

Zeynep Yucel; Francesco Zanlungo; Claudio Feliciani; Adrien Gregorj; Takayuki Kanda. Identification of social relation within pedestrian dyads. PLoS ONE 2019, 14, e0223656 .

AMA Style

Zeynep Yucel, Francesco Zanlungo, Claudio Feliciani, Adrien Gregorj, Takayuki Kanda. Identification of social relation within pedestrian dyads. PLoS ONE. 2019; 14 (10):e0223656.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zeynep Yucel; Francesco Zanlungo; Claudio Feliciani; Adrien Gregorj; Takayuki Kanda. 2019. "Identification of social relation within pedestrian dyads." PLoS ONE 14, no. 10: e0223656.

Journal article
Published: 14 August 2019 in IEEE Access
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This paper presents a globalized robust optimization approach for a network design problem explicit incorporating traffic dynamics and demand uncertainty. In particular, a non-holding back cell transmission model (CTM) based network design problem of linear programming type is considered to describe dynamic traffic flows, and the normal range of the uncertain demand is assumed to be a box set, i.e., the uncertain demand outside box set is allowed. The major contribution of this paper is to formulate such a globalized robust network design problem as a tractable linear programming model and demonstrate the model robustness and flexibility by comparing its solution performance with the robust solution from the usual robust model and the adjustable robust solution from the adjustable robust model, respectively. A numerical experiment is conducted to demonstrate that the modeling advantage of the globalized robust optimization in terms of solution quality. The proposed globalized robust optimization approach may provide useful insights and have broader applicability in traffic management and traffic planning problems under uncertainty.

ACS Style

Fangwei Zhao; Hua Sun; Fangxia Zhao; Hong Zhang; Tongfei Li. A Globalized Robust Optimization Approach of Dynamic Network Design Problem With Demand Uncertainty. IEEE Access 2019, 7, 115734 -115748.

AMA Style

Fangwei Zhao, Hua Sun, Fangxia Zhao, Hong Zhang, Tongfei Li. A Globalized Robust Optimization Approach of Dynamic Network Design Problem With Demand Uncertainty. IEEE Access. 2019; 7 ():115734-115748.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Fangwei Zhao; Hua Sun; Fangxia Zhao; Hong Zhang; Tongfei Li. 2019. "A Globalized Robust Optimization Approach of Dynamic Network Design Problem With Demand Uncertainty." IEEE Access 7, no. : 115734-115748.

Journal article
Published: 11 June 2019 in Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications
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In this paper, controlled experiments have been conducted to make deep analysis on the obstacle evading behavior of individual pedestrians affected by one obstacle. Results of Fourier transform show that with the increase of obstacle width, the frequency and amplitude of body sway would barely be affected while the lateral deviation of walking direction would largely increase. On the one hand, the relation among the extracted gait features including body sway, stride length, frequency and speed has been illustrated. On the other hand, the walking direction can be featured by three critical evading points where apparent change of walking direction could be observed. Gaussian function has been used to fit the walking direction, thus allowing to estimate the three critical points and examine their variation with the increase of obstacle size. Furthermore, the direct–indirect evading and left–right turning preference as well as the possible psychological motivations behind have been analyzed. It is indicated that direct-evading pedestrians have a higher walking efficiency and right-turning pedestrians have a stronger tendency to behave ‘direct’. Results of this paper are expected to provide practical evidence for the modeling of pedestrian dynamics affected by obstacles.

ACS Style

Xiaolu Jia; Claudio Feliciani; Daichi Yanagisawa; Katsuhiro Nishinari. Experimental study on the evading behavior of individual pedestrians when confronting with an obstacle in a corridor. Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications 2019, 531, 121735 .

AMA Style

Xiaolu Jia, Claudio Feliciani, Daichi Yanagisawa, Katsuhiro Nishinari. Experimental study on the evading behavior of individual pedestrians when confronting with an obstacle in a corridor. Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications. 2019; 531 ():121735.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Xiaolu Jia; Claudio Feliciani; Daichi Yanagisawa; Katsuhiro Nishinari. 2019. "Experimental study on the evading behavior of individual pedestrians when confronting with an obstacle in a corridor." Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications 531, no. : 121735.