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The paper shows the results of a geochemical - geophysical survey on the decommissioned industrial area of Bagnoli (Naples, southern Italy). Analyses of 15 priority congeners of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) were carried out on 21 sediment cores, collected on the beaches surrounding the old iron and steel industrial plant that was active over the last century. Anomalous high concentrations of PAHs were detected in this area, up to 87,000 μg g−1 d.w. In particular, most congeners were embedded inside a mainly sandy layer, characterized by a dark colour and high resistivity values. The joined use of Electrical Resistivity Tomography, chemical data and direct observation of cores allowed a volumetric estimation of the polluted layer corresponding to 20,200 m3. A total of 24,100 m3 of less polluted materials cover the dark, highly polluted layer. In addition, the geophysical-environmental approach helped to disentangle the deep interactions between the beach area, coastal changes and fluid vents. The actual coastal morphology is the result of historical, anthropic-driven rapid evolution that we reconstructed by using available historical images. The achieved results underline a crucial role played by combining geophysical and geochemical methodologies for a deeper and systematic understanding of anthropogenic impacts in coastal systems affected by multiple and combined stressors.
Salvatore Passaro; Serena Gherardi; Elena Romano; Antonella Ausili; Giulio Sesta; Giancarlo Pierfranceschi; Stella Tamburrino; Mario Sprovieri. Coupled geophysics and geochemistry to record recent coastal changes of contaminated sites of the Bagnoli industrial area, Southern Italy. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 2020, 246, 107036 .
AMA StyleSalvatore Passaro, Serena Gherardi, Elena Romano, Antonella Ausili, Giulio Sesta, Giancarlo Pierfranceschi, Stella Tamburrino, Mario Sprovieri. Coupled geophysics and geochemistry to record recent coastal changes of contaminated sites of the Bagnoli industrial area, Southern Italy. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science. 2020; 246 ():107036.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSalvatore Passaro; Serena Gherardi; Elena Romano; Antonella Ausili; Giulio Sesta; Giancarlo Pierfranceschi; Stella Tamburrino; Mario Sprovieri. 2020. "Coupled geophysics and geochemistry to record recent coastal changes of contaminated sites of the Bagnoli industrial area, Southern Italy." Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 246, no. : 107036.
In this study, we present the results of a very high-resolution bathymetric survey carried out offshore the dismissed industrial site of Bagnoli (Pozzuoli Bay, Gulf of Naples). The bathymetric maps and the thematic representation produced, allowed for detailed characterisation of the seabed lineaments and features. Seafloor bedforms and morphological features can be observed at a very high resolution. Moreover, the potential pattern of sediment transport can be inferred from the seafloor bedforms observed in the central sector of the surveyed area. The new morphobathymetric map of Bagnoli-Coroglio offshore provides a valuable tool for stakeholders towards a comprehensive planning and management addressed to environmental revaluation and rehabilitation of this disused industrial area.
Di Martino Gabriella; Innangi Sara; Passaro Salvatore; Sacchi Marco; Vallefuoco Mattia; Tonielli Renato. Mapping of seabed morphology of the Bagnoli brownfield site, Pozzuoli (Napoli) Bay, Italy. Chemistry and Ecology 2020, 36, 496 -510.
AMA StyleDi Martino Gabriella, Innangi Sara, Passaro Salvatore, Sacchi Marco, Vallefuoco Mattia, Tonielli Renato. Mapping of seabed morphology of the Bagnoli brownfield site, Pozzuoli (Napoli) Bay, Italy. Chemistry and Ecology. 2020; 36 (6):496-510.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDi Martino Gabriella; Innangi Sara; Passaro Salvatore; Sacchi Marco; Vallefuoco Mattia; Tonielli Renato. 2020. "Mapping of seabed morphology of the Bagnoli brownfield site, Pozzuoli (Napoli) Bay, Italy." Chemistry and Ecology 36, no. 6: 496-510.
We adopted a combined geophysical-stratigraphic approach to identify grain size anomalies in sediment distribution of the Bagnoli coastal brownfield site. A large industrial plant occupied this area during most of the 20th Century. We used 18 core logs to identify macroscopic variation in sediment stratigraphy, and 72 supplemental cores to mark changes between sandy- and silt-dominated intervals. The stratigraphy evidenced the presence of anomalous lens of silt within a sandy coastal sector inside the Bagnoli industrial harbour. Cores description helped us to calibrate the interpretation of 4 subbottom profiles, that we used to obtain information on geometries of silty deposits. The spatial layout of sediments revealed that silt intervals are present in the area bounded by the old industrial wharfs. We suggest that these silty sediments are likely the result of uncontrolled discharge occurred during the last century. Once calibrated, high-resolution mono-channel seismic profiles helped us to define the shape as well as the real extent and thicknesses of silty deposits, resulted to be ca. 515.000 m2, with an overall volume of 480.000 m3. These results are a first attempt to define the amount of polluted sediments in the area facing the Bagnoli industrial harbour.
M. Vallefuoco; S. Tamburrino; M. Sacchi; A. Guarino; G. Di Martino; R. Tonielli; M. Sprovieri; S. Passaro. Shallow marine sediments characterisation of the Bagnoli brownfield site, Pozzuoli Bay (Italy). Chemistry and Ecology 2020, 36, 550 -564.
AMA StyleM. Vallefuoco, S. Tamburrino, M. Sacchi, A. Guarino, G. Di Martino, R. Tonielli, M. Sprovieri, S. Passaro. Shallow marine sediments characterisation of the Bagnoli brownfield site, Pozzuoli Bay (Italy). Chemistry and Ecology. 2020; 36 (6):550-564.
Chicago/Turabian StyleM. Vallefuoco; S. Tamburrino; M. Sacchi; A. Guarino; G. Di Martino; R. Tonielli; M. Sprovieri; S. Passaro. 2020. "Shallow marine sediments characterisation of the Bagnoli brownfield site, Pozzuoli Bay (Italy)." Chemistry and Ecology 36, no. 6: 550-564.
Bagnoli-Coroglio is a Site of National Interest (SNI) facing the Pozzuoli Bay that has been the place of an industrial activity for more than a century (1854-1985). The modern coastal geology of this area results from the recent evolution of an antecedent volcanic landscape that originated after a caldera collapse following the eruption of Neapolitan Yellow Tuff (NYT) of Campi Flegrei (15 ka). After the NYT eruption, a shallow marine depression formed within the caldera collapse area that underwent progressive filling-up, due to volcaniclastic sediment input from the caldera borders, within a semi-enclosed source-to-sink system. The integrated interpretation of the Digital Terrain Model (DTM) of the Bagnoli-Coroglio area and the high resolution reflection seismic profiles acquired off the Pozzuoli Bay suggests that the present-day coastal plain of Bagnoli-Fuorigrotta and conterminous continental shelf represent the latest infilling phase of the annular depression (caldera ‘collar’) between the structural border of the NYT caldera and the inner caldera resurgent dome. The stratigraphic architecture and morpho-bathymetry of the Bagnoli inner shelf provide a record of the complex interplay between eustatic sea level changes, volcano-tectonic (ground/seafloor) deformation, and supply of volcaniclastic sediments, with associated coastline shifts over the last millennia.
M. Sacchi; F. Matano; F. Molisso; S. Passaro; M. Caccavale; G. Di Martino; A. Guarino; S. Innangi; S. Tamburrino; R. Tonielli; M. Vallefuoco. Geological framework of the Bagnoli-Coroglio coastal zone and continental shelf, Pozzuoli (Napoli) Bay. Chemistry and Ecology 2020, 36, 529 -549.
AMA StyleM. Sacchi, F. Matano, F. Molisso, S. Passaro, M. Caccavale, G. Di Martino, A. Guarino, S. Innangi, S. Tamburrino, R. Tonielli, M. Vallefuoco. Geological framework of the Bagnoli-Coroglio coastal zone and continental shelf, Pozzuoli (Napoli) Bay. Chemistry and Ecology. 2020; 36 (6):529-549.
Chicago/Turabian StyleM. Sacchi; F. Matano; F. Molisso; S. Passaro; M. Caccavale; G. Di Martino; A. Guarino; S. Innangi; S. Tamburrino; R. Tonielli; M. Vallefuoco. 2020. "Geological framework of the Bagnoli-Coroglio coastal zone and continental shelf, Pozzuoli (Napoli) Bay." Chemistry and Ecology 36, no. 6: 529-549.
The dynamics of deep sea explosive eruptions, the dispersion of the pyroclasts, and how submarine eruptions differ from the subaerial ones are still poorly known due to the limited access to sea environments. Here, we analyze two ash layers representative of the proximal and distal deposits of two submarine eruptions from a 500 to 800 m deep cones of the Marsili Seamount (Italy). Fall deposits occur at a distance of more than 1.5 km from the vent, while volcanoclastic flows are close to the flanks of the cone. Ash shows textures indicative of poor magma-water interaction and a gas-rich environment. X-ray microtomography data on ash morphology and bubbles, along with gas solubility and ash dispersion models suggest 200–400 m high eruptive columns and a sea current velocity <5 cm/s. In deep sea environments, Strombolian-like eruptions are similar to the subaerial ones provided that a gas cloud occurs around the vent.
Gianluca Iezzi; Gabriele Lanzafame; Lucia Mancini; Harald Behrens; Stella Tamburrino; Mattia Vallefuoco; Salvatore Passaro; Patrizio Signanini; Guido Ventura. Deep sea explosive eruptions may be not so different from subaerial eruptions. Scientific Reports 2020, 10, 1 -11.
AMA StyleGianluca Iezzi, Gabriele Lanzafame, Lucia Mancini, Harald Behrens, Stella Tamburrino, Mattia Vallefuoco, Salvatore Passaro, Patrizio Signanini, Guido Ventura. Deep sea explosive eruptions may be not so different from subaerial eruptions. Scientific Reports. 2020; 10 (1):1-11.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGianluca Iezzi; Gabriele Lanzafame; Lucia Mancini; Harald Behrens; Stella Tamburrino; Mattia Vallefuoco; Salvatore Passaro; Patrizio Signanini; Guido Ventura. 2020. "Deep sea explosive eruptions may be not so different from subaerial eruptions." Scientific Reports 10, no. 1: 1-11.
The Palinuro volcanic chain is located nearly 80 km offshore the Campania coasts (Italy), in the southern sector of the Tyrrhenian Sea. As many as 15 distinct volcanic edifices have been recently detected that covers a 90 km long and 20 km wide belt. The associated volcanism is still poorly understood but the presence of shallow seismicity and active hydrothermal activity suggest that this large volcanic complex is still active. Specific sectors of the chain show the presence of ongoing slope instability and thus the chance of mass movements cannot be ruled out in case of seismic or volcanic activity. In this work, a stability analysis for typical seismic loads in such a volcanic area has been performed through a revised limit equilibrium approach. In the revealed weaker sections, three mass failures of different scales have been reconstructed and their motion has been calculated by means of numerical models. The tsunami produced by each slide has been simulated, and considerable waves have been found in two of the three hypothesized scenarios. For the biggest slide of 2.4 km3, waves as high as 10 m could reach portions of the Calabria coasts with consequent hazardous impact.
This study belongs to a series of works focused on the volcanoes of the Tyrrhenian Sea that are very many and still poorly investigated. Considering scenarios involving mass movements of different sizes with distinct characteristics and based on geomorphological features seems to be a viable strategy to evaluate the tsunami hazard in the region.
Glauco Gallotti; Guido Ventura; Alberto Armigliato; Filippo Zaniboni; Gianluca Pagnoni; Liang Wang; Salvatore Passaro; Marco Sacchi; Stefano Tinti. Stability analysis and tsunamigenic mass-failure scenarios in Palinuro volcano complex, Tyrrhenian sea. 2020, 1 .
AMA StyleGlauco Gallotti, Guido Ventura, Alberto Armigliato, Filippo Zaniboni, Gianluca Pagnoni, Liang Wang, Salvatore Passaro, Marco Sacchi, Stefano Tinti. Stability analysis and tsunamigenic mass-failure scenarios in Palinuro volcano complex, Tyrrhenian sea. . 2020; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGlauco Gallotti; Guido Ventura; Alberto Armigliato; Filippo Zaniboni; Gianluca Pagnoni; Liang Wang; Salvatore Passaro; Marco Sacchi; Stefano Tinti. 2020. "Stability analysis and tsunamigenic mass-failure scenarios in Palinuro volcano complex, Tyrrhenian sea." , no. : 1.
The Bagnoli’s brownfield site (southern Italy) is an environmental priority for the Italian Government and is currently considered as a case study for the definition and application of innovative approaches to ecosystem recovery after a prolonged pollution history and eventual steel plant decommissioning. Here, we analyse high-quality datasets that constrain the distribution patterns and sources of contaminants in the coastal zone facing the site where the steel plant operated for almost one century. Innovative statistical approaches provide new insights into the temporal and spatial distribution of anthropogenic impacts, documented over the last 30 years, following lines of evidence emerging from investigations on grain size, TOC, heavy metals, PAHs, PCBs and high-resolution morpho-bathymetric information. The results derived from statistical analysis, referred also to the seafloor morphological variability, highlighted the presence of recent disposal of highly contaminated sediments and their potential pathways of dispersion to wider and deeper water zones. The adopted multidisciplinary approach yields fundamental information towards an effective and proper ecosystem recovery of highly contaminated marine coastal areas and provides at the same time, a sound base for the refitting of decommissioned industrial plants.
Mario Sprovieri; Salvatore Passaro; Antonella Ausili; Luisa Bergamin; Maria Grazia Finoia; Serena Gherardi; Flavia Molisso; Enza Maria Quinci; Marco Sacchi; Giulio Sesta; Fabio Trincardi; Elena Romano. Integrated approach of multiple environmental datasets for the assessment of sediment contamination in marine areas affected by long-lasting industrial activity: the case study of Bagnoli (southern Italy). Journal of Soils and Sediments 2019, 20, 1692 -1705.
AMA StyleMario Sprovieri, Salvatore Passaro, Antonella Ausili, Luisa Bergamin, Maria Grazia Finoia, Serena Gherardi, Flavia Molisso, Enza Maria Quinci, Marco Sacchi, Giulio Sesta, Fabio Trincardi, Elena Romano. Integrated approach of multiple environmental datasets for the assessment of sediment contamination in marine areas affected by long-lasting industrial activity: the case study of Bagnoli (southern Italy). Journal of Soils and Sediments. 2019; 20 (3):1692-1705.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMario Sprovieri; Salvatore Passaro; Antonella Ausili; Luisa Bergamin; Maria Grazia Finoia; Serena Gherardi; Flavia Molisso; Enza Maria Quinci; Marco Sacchi; Giulio Sesta; Fabio Trincardi; Elena Romano. 2019. "Integrated approach of multiple environmental datasets for the assessment of sediment contamination in marine areas affected by long-lasting industrial activity: the case study of Bagnoli (southern Italy)." Journal of Soils and Sediments 20, no. 3: 1692-1705.
Large calderas are among the Earth's major volcanic features. They are associated with large magma reservoirs and elevated geothermal gradients. Caldera-forming eruptions result from the withdrawal and collapse of the magma chambers and produce large-volume pyroclastic deposits and later-stage deformation related to post-caldera resurgence and volcanism. Unrest episodes are not always followed by an eruption; however, every eruption is preceded by unrest. The Campi Flegrei caldera (CFc), located along the eastern Tyrrhenian coastline in southern Italy, is close to the densely populated area of Naples. It is one of the most dangerous volcanoes on Earth and represents a key example of an active, resurgent caldera. It has been traditionally interpreted as a nested caldera formed by collapses during the 100–200 km3 Campanian Ignimbrite (CI) eruption at ∼39 ka and the 40 km3 eruption of the Neapolitan Yellow Tuff (NYT) at ∼15 ka. Recent studies have suggested that the CI may instead have been fed by a fissure eruption from the Campanian Plain, north of Campi Flegrei. A MagellanPlus workshop was held in Naples, Italy, on 25–28 February 2017 to explore the potential of the CFc as target for an amphibious drilling project within the International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) and the International Continental Drilling Program (ICDP). It was agreed that Campi Flegrei is an ideal site to investigate the mechanisms of caldera formation and associated post-caldera dynamics and to analyze the still poorly understood interplay between hydrothermal and magmatic processes. A coordinated onshore–offshore drilling strategy has been developed to reconstruct the structure and evolution of Campi Flegrei and to investigate volcanic precursors by examining (a) the succession of volcanic and hydrothermal products and related processes, (b) the inner structure of the caldera resurgence, (c) the physical, chemical, and biological characteristics of the hydrothermal system and offshore sediments, and (d) the geological expression of the phreatic and hydromagmatic eruptions, hydrothermal degassing, sedimentary structures, and other records of these phenomena. The deployment of a multiparametric in situ monitoring system at depth will enable near-real-time tracking of changes in the magma reservoir and hydrothermal system.
Marco Sacchi; Giuseppe De Natale; Volkhard Spiess; Lena Steinmann; Valerio Acocella; Marta Corradino; Shanaka De Silva; Alessandro Fedele; Lorenzo Fedele; Nobuo Geshi; Christopher Kilburn; Donatella Insinga; Maria Jose Jurado; Flavia Molisso; Paola Petrosino; Salvatore Passaro; Fabrizio Pepe; Sabina Porfido; Claudio Scarpati; Hans-Ulrich Schmincke; Renato Somma; Mari Sumita; Stella Tamburrino; Claudia Troise; Mattia Vallefuoco; Guido Ventura. A roadmap for amphibious drilling at the Campi Flegrei caldera: insights from a MagellanPlus workshop. Scientific Drilling 2019, 26, 29 -46.
AMA StyleMarco Sacchi, Giuseppe De Natale, Volkhard Spiess, Lena Steinmann, Valerio Acocella, Marta Corradino, Shanaka De Silva, Alessandro Fedele, Lorenzo Fedele, Nobuo Geshi, Christopher Kilburn, Donatella Insinga, Maria Jose Jurado, Flavia Molisso, Paola Petrosino, Salvatore Passaro, Fabrizio Pepe, Sabina Porfido, Claudio Scarpati, Hans-Ulrich Schmincke, Renato Somma, Mari Sumita, Stella Tamburrino, Claudia Troise, Mattia Vallefuoco, Guido Ventura. A roadmap for amphibious drilling at the Campi Flegrei caldera: insights from a MagellanPlus workshop. Scientific Drilling. 2019; 26 ():29-46.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarco Sacchi; Giuseppe De Natale; Volkhard Spiess; Lena Steinmann; Valerio Acocella; Marta Corradino; Shanaka De Silva; Alessandro Fedele; Lorenzo Fedele; Nobuo Geshi; Christopher Kilburn; Donatella Insinga; Maria Jose Jurado; Flavia Molisso; Paola Petrosino; Salvatore Passaro; Fabrizio Pepe; Sabina Porfido; Claudio Scarpati; Hans-Ulrich Schmincke; Renato Somma; Mari Sumita; Stella Tamburrino; Claudia Troise; Mattia Vallefuoco; Guido Ventura. 2019. "A roadmap for amphibious drilling at the Campi Flegrei caldera: insights from a MagellanPlus workshop." Scientific Drilling 26, no. : 29-46.
The effects of long-standing industrialization processes and poor environmental management practices have often left a harmful legacy for marine-coastal sites worldwide, causing a wide range of unforeseen impacts on the ecosystem and on human health. A critical revision of available data from three highly contaminated Italian sites (Augusta Bay, Sicily; Cagliari Gulf, Sardinia; Pozzuoli Bay, Campania) revealed the crucial role of biogeochemical/physical dynamics and potential widespread delivery of contaminants as key components for a wider comprehensive sediment management. Datasets of organic pollutants (ΣPAHs, ΣPCBs), heavy metals (As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, V, and Zn), radionuclides, and grain size composition of marine sediments of all three sites were critically reviewed and seafloor bathymetric data were analyzed. A critical review of available physical and chemical information of sediments collected from the three marine sites provides a better understanding of the physical and biogeochemical dynamics of large-scale dispersion of contaminants in those areas, as well as new insights in terms of improved sediments management policies with actions of larger scale monitoring of the “buffer zone” confining with the national relevance and highly contaminated site to trace inputs and accumulation effects of pollutants deriving from the point-source. This study demonstrates how the presence of polluted sediments on the coastal areas can have, also after the closure of anthropogenic activities, a potential impact at a large scale. Then to better evaluate the effective impact, we suggest the adoption of a buffer zone contiguous to the national relevance sites (SIN) area. While SINs are optimized to define the state of the art of the near-source pollution, buffer zones may help to outline the rate of delivery of pollutants to the deep sea. Buffer zones must be designed by taking into account the local hydrodynamics, sedimentology, and geomorphology, and should be monitored, even if at a lower resolution, like SINs.
Stella Tamburrino; Salvatore Passaro; Daniela Salvagio Manta; Enza Quinci; Antonella Ausili; Elena Romano; Mario Sprovieri. Re-shaping the “original SIN”: a need to re-think sediment management and policy by introducing the “buffer zone” concept. Journal of Soils and Sediments 2019, 20, 2563 -2572.
AMA StyleStella Tamburrino, Salvatore Passaro, Daniela Salvagio Manta, Enza Quinci, Antonella Ausili, Elena Romano, Mario Sprovieri. Re-shaping the “original SIN”: a need to re-think sediment management and policy by introducing the “buffer zone” concept. Journal of Soils and Sediments. 2019; 20 (6):2563-2572.
Chicago/Turabian StyleStella Tamburrino; Salvatore Passaro; Daniela Salvagio Manta; Enza Quinci; Antonella Ausili; Elena Romano; Mario Sprovieri. 2019. "Re-shaping the “original SIN”: a need to re-think sediment management and policy by introducing the “buffer zone” concept." Journal of Soils and Sediments 20, no. 6: 2563-2572.
This chapter illustrates the marine record of a spectrum of volcanic, hydrothermal, and sedimentary features that characterize the Latest Pleistocene–Holocene evolution of the Naples Bay offshore Campi Flegrei and Somma–Vesuvius. The work is based on review of previous literature integrated with interpretation of new high-resolution marine Digital Terrain Models (DTMs) derived from swath bathymetry surveys and high-resolution reflection seismic profiles calibrated with marine gravity core data. Seismic profiles from Pozzuoli Bay provide detailed images of the ring fault system and resurgent dome associated with the evolution of the Neapolitan Yellow Tuff (NYT) collapse caldera and document a series of uplift episodes associated with volcanic unrest as documented on land throughout the Holocene, with a notable subsidence phase occurring between ∼ 2.5 ka BP and 1538 CE (Monte Nuovo eruption). Offshore seismic images also revealed the occurrence of ascending hydrothermal fluids and volcanic/subvolcanic intrusions along the ring fault zone of the NYT caldera. Seismic data acquired along the SW submerged slope of Somma–Vesuvius display evidence of gravitational instability, associated with slump folding and faulting, of sand waves originated by pyroclastic flows that entered the seawater after destroying the Roman city of Herculaneum during the 79 CE eruption of Vesuvius. Between the Somma–Vesuvius and Pozzuoli Bay, seismic profiles calibrated with gravity core data revealed the occurrence of a hummocky seafloor region, known as Banco della Montagna (i.e., the Montagna bank). This volcanic bank was shaped by the dragging and rising up of volcaniclastic diapirs (mostly unconsolidated pumice) because of pore fluid overpressure at depth and associated active fluid venting at the seafloor.
Marco Sacchi; Salvatore Passaro; Flavia Molisso; Fabio Matano; Lena Steinmann; Volkhard Spiess; Fabrizio Pepe; Marta Corradino; Mauro Caccavale; Stella Tamburrino; Giuseppe Esposito; Mattia Vallefuoco; Guido Ventura. The holocene marine record of unrest, volcanism, and hydrothermal activity of Campi Flegrei and Somma–Vesuvius. Vesuvius, Campi Flegrei, and Campanian Volcanism 2019, 435 -469.
AMA StyleMarco Sacchi, Salvatore Passaro, Flavia Molisso, Fabio Matano, Lena Steinmann, Volkhard Spiess, Fabrizio Pepe, Marta Corradino, Mauro Caccavale, Stella Tamburrino, Giuseppe Esposito, Mattia Vallefuoco, Guido Ventura. The holocene marine record of unrest, volcanism, and hydrothermal activity of Campi Flegrei and Somma–Vesuvius. Vesuvius, Campi Flegrei, and Campanian Volcanism. 2019; ():435-469.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarco Sacchi; Salvatore Passaro; Flavia Molisso; Fabio Matano; Lena Steinmann; Volkhard Spiess; Fabrizio Pepe; Marta Corradino; Mauro Caccavale; Stella Tamburrino; Giuseppe Esposito; Mattia Vallefuoco; Guido Ventura. 2019. "The holocene marine record of unrest, volcanism, and hydrothermal activity of Campi Flegrei and Somma–Vesuvius." Vesuvius, Campi Flegrei, and Campanian Volcanism , no. : 435-469.
Very high-resolution, single channel (IKB-Seistec™) reflection profiles acquired offshore the Napoli Bay, complemented with geological and geophysical data from the literature, provide unprecedented, superb seismic imaging of the Latest Pleistocene-Holocene stratigraphic architecture of the submerged sectors Campi Flegrei and Somma-Vesuvius volcanic districts. Seismic profiles were calibrated by gravity core data and document a range of depositional systems, volcanic structures and hydrothermal features that evolved after the onset of the Last Glacial Maximum (ca. 18 ka BP) over the continental shelf on the Campania coastal zone.Seistec profiles from the Pozzuoli Bay yield high-resolution images of the shallow structure of the collapse caldera-ring fault - resurgent dome system associated with the eruption of the Neapolitan Yellow Tuff (NYT) (ca 15 ka BP) and support a working hypothesis to assess the timing and the styles of deformation of the NYT resurgent structure throughout the Latest Quaternary. Seismic images also revealed the nature of the fragile deformation of strata along the NYT ring fault system and the occurrence of hydrothermal fluids and volcanic/sub-volcanic intrusions ascending along the ring fault zone. Seismic data acquired over the continental shelf off the Somma-Vesuvius stratovolcano, display evidence of gravitational instability of sand wave deposits originated by the underwater modification of pyroclastic flows that entered the seawater after destroying the Roman city of Herculaneum during the 79 CE eruption of Vesuvius.At the Banco della Montagna, a hummocky seafloor knoll located between the Somma-Vesuvius and the Pozzuoli Bay, seismic profiles and gravity core data revealed the occurrence of a field of volcaniclastic diapirs formed by the dragging and rising up of unconsolidated pumice, as a consequence of fluid overpressure at depth associated with active degassing and fluid venting at the seafloor.
Marco Sacchi; Mauro Caccavale; Marta Corradino; Giuseppe Esposito; Luigi Ferranti; Zoltán Hámori; Ferenc Horváth †; Donatella Insinga; Camilla Marino; Fabio Matano; Flavia Molisso; Jacopo Natale; Salvatore Passaro; Fabrizio Pepe; Tamás Tóth. The use and beauty of ultra-high-resolution seismic reflection imaging in Late Quaternary marine volcaniclastic settings, Napoli Bay, Italy. Földtani Közlöny 2019, 149, 371 -371.
AMA StyleMarco Sacchi, Mauro Caccavale, Marta Corradino, Giuseppe Esposito, Luigi Ferranti, Zoltán Hámori, Ferenc Horváth †, Donatella Insinga, Camilla Marino, Fabio Matano, Flavia Molisso, Jacopo Natale, Salvatore Passaro, Fabrizio Pepe, Tamás Tóth. The use and beauty of ultra-high-resolution seismic reflection imaging in Late Quaternary marine volcaniclastic settings, Napoli Bay, Italy. Földtani Közlöny. 2019; 149 (4):371-371.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarco Sacchi; Mauro Caccavale; Marta Corradino; Giuseppe Esposito; Luigi Ferranti; Zoltán Hámori; Ferenc Horváth †; Donatella Insinga; Camilla Marino; Fabio Matano; Flavia Molisso; Jacopo Natale; Salvatore Passaro; Fabrizio Pepe; Tamás Tóth. 2019. "The use and beauty of ultra-high-resolution seismic reflection imaging in Late Quaternary marine volcaniclastic settings, Napoli Bay, Italy." Földtani Közlöny 149, no. 4: 371-371.
A multidisciplinary study, which includes micropaleontology, sedimentology and geochemistry, was carried out on the TEA-C6 core, raised in the Gulf of Taranto (north-western Ionian Sea). The chronological framework was yielded by tephrostratigraphy combined with ecostratigraphy and AMS 14C dating. New results allowed surface and bottom conditions in the Gulf of Taranto during the last 15 ky to be reconstructed, thus providing a detailed and age-constrained paleoclimate and paleocological record for this sector of the Mediterranean Sea. The quantitative record of past sea surface temperatures (SST) was obtained by means of Compositional Data Analysis (CoDA) methods applied to planktonic foraminifera assemblages. High-resolution analyses allowed the Sapropel S1 event to be characterised at centennial-scale resolution. The main interval of the sapropel S1, here dated between 10.2 cal ka and 7.8 cal ka, is preceded and followed by transition phases spanning several centuries and prevailing anoxic bottom conditions are punctuated by several episodes of partial oxygen recovery. The S1a interval corresponds to high summer SST, whereas an SST drop of about 2.5° took place towards the end of the S1b interval. New tephrochronological data record the signature of eruptive events from Italian volcanoes which were not documented on land up to date.
V. Di Donato; D.D. Insinga; M. Iorio; F. Molisso; P. Rumolo; C. Cardines; S. Passaro. The palaeoclimatic and palaeoceanographic history of the Gulf of Taranto (Mediterranean Sea) in the last 15 ky. Global and Planetary Change 2018, 172, 278 -297.
AMA StyleV. Di Donato, D.D. Insinga, M. Iorio, F. Molisso, P. Rumolo, C. Cardines, S. Passaro. The palaeoclimatic and palaeoceanographic history of the Gulf of Taranto (Mediterranean Sea) in the last 15 ky. Global and Planetary Change. 2018; 172 ():278-297.
Chicago/Turabian StyleV. Di Donato; D.D. Insinga; M. Iorio; F. Molisso; P. Rumolo; C. Cardines; S. Passaro. 2018. "The palaeoclimatic and palaeoceanographic history of the Gulf of Taranto (Mediterranean Sea) in the last 15 ky." Global and Planetary Change 172, no. : 278-297.
In continental margins, canyons appear to act as natural conduits of sediments and organic matter from the shelf to deep basins, providing an efficient physical pathway for transport and accumulation of particles with their associated land-produced contaminants. However, these mechanisms have not been yet sufficiently explored by geochemical markers. The continental slope of the south Sardinia has been used as a natural laboratory for investigating mechanisms and times of transfer dynamics of contaminants from land to sea and from shelf to deep sea through an articulated system of submarine canyons. Here, dynamics of contaminants have been investigated in a pilot area of the central Mediterranean basin (Gulf of Cagliari, S Sardinia) where important industrial plants are sited since beginning of the last century. Five sediment cores dated by 210Pb and 137Cs reveal: i) a complex dynamics of organic and inorganic contaminants from point source areas on land to the deep sea and ii) a crucial role played by canyons and bottom morphology as primary pathway conveying sediments and associated contaminants from sources to very far deep sea environments. In particular, this study provides new integrated tools to properly understand mechanisms of connection between coastal sectors and deep sea. This is challenging mostly in regions where coastal pollution could represent critical threats for larger areas of the Mediterranean Sea.
Stella Tamburrino; Salvatore Passaro; Mattia Barsanti; Antonio Schirone; Ivana Delbono; Fabio Conte; Roberta Delfanti; Maria Bonsignore; Marianna Del Core; Serena Gherardi; Mario Sprovieri. Pathways of inorganic and organic contaminants from land to deep sea: The case study of the Gulf of Cagliari (W Tyrrhenian Sea). Science of The Total Environment 2018, 647, 334 -341.
AMA StyleStella Tamburrino, Salvatore Passaro, Mattia Barsanti, Antonio Schirone, Ivana Delbono, Fabio Conte, Roberta Delfanti, Maria Bonsignore, Marianna Del Core, Serena Gherardi, Mario Sprovieri. Pathways of inorganic and organic contaminants from land to deep sea: The case study of the Gulf of Cagliari (W Tyrrhenian Sea). Science of The Total Environment. 2018; 647 ():334-341.
Chicago/Turabian StyleStella Tamburrino; Salvatore Passaro; Mattia Barsanti; Antonio Schirone; Ivana Delbono; Fabio Conte; Roberta Delfanti; Maria Bonsignore; Marianna Del Core; Serena Gherardi; Mario Sprovieri. 2018. "Pathways of inorganic and organic contaminants from land to deep sea: The case study of the Gulf of Cagliari (W Tyrrhenian Sea)." Science of The Total Environment 647, no. : 334-341.
The Underwater Cultural Heritage represents a key aspect of our historical memory still little known due to a number of limitations imposed by the underwater environment. The aim of this paper is to explore the use of digital three-dimensional reconstructions to support the research about this immeasurable archaeological and historical resource. The whole virtual reconstruction process is described step by step, focusing on the iterative feedback allowing for reaching the best virtual reconstruction solutions, helping the archaeologists to better focus their reasoning through a detailed visual representation, and the technical experts to avoid misleading details in the final virtual reconstruction.
B Davidde Petriaggi; R Petriaggi; F Bruno; A Lagudi; R Peluso; S Passaro. A digital reconstruction of the sunken “Villa con ingresso a protiro” in the underwater archaeological site of Baiae. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 2018, 364, 012013 .
AMA StyleB Davidde Petriaggi, R Petriaggi, F Bruno, A Lagudi, R Peluso, S Passaro. A digital reconstruction of the sunken “Villa con ingresso a protiro” in the underwater archaeological site of Baiae. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering. 2018; 364 (1):012013.
Chicago/Turabian StyleB Davidde Petriaggi; R Petriaggi; F Bruno; A Lagudi; R Peluso; S Passaro. 2018. "A digital reconstruction of the sunken “Villa con ingresso a protiro” in the underwater archaeological site of Baiae." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 364, no. 1: 012013.
The occurrence of articulated seafloor morphology over continental shelf-upper slope environments, may result in a significant change in the patterns and intensity of basin-scale thermohaline circulation during eustatic sea-level fluctuations. These changes may cause, in turn, erosion, deposition and/or transport of sediments at the seafloor, to form shallow-water contourite drifts. Here we investigate this process in the NW sector of the Gulf of Taranto (Ionian Sea) during and following the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), by integrating multibeam bathymetric data, ultra-high resolution seismic-reflection data and gravity core data. Sea level fall caused subaerial exposure of the summit of the Amendolara Bank, forming a short-lived island off the eastern coast of Calabria, and also creating a narrow passageway between the island and the northern Calabria mainland. Integrated seismic-stratigraphic data show that Upper Quaternary shallow-water contourite drifts and associated erosional features locally formed both around the flanks of the AMBK, and the continental shelf and upper slope off the Amendolara village. Contourite drifts are bounded at the bottom and at the top by two major unconformities, indicating that the formation of the sediments drifts occurred between the onset of the LGM and the GS-1/Younger Dryas event. The stratal architecture suggests the occurrence of various types of contourite deposits, mostly represented by: a) Axial and lateral channel-patch drifts, and channel-related drifts along the incision to the NE of the AMBK; b) Sheeted drifts along the northeastern slope of the AMBK; c) Elongated drifts along the continental shelf and upper slope off the coast of Amendolara village. Erosional features also developed on the south-eastern flank of the AMBK, where the Levantine Intermediate Water flows from the central Ionian Sea towards the Gulf of Taranto, until the present-day. Both processes and timing responsible for erosion of the seafloor and the formation of sediment drifts in the Gulf of Taranto may be similar to that occurred in the Tyrrhenian margins during the Late Quaternary.
F. Pepe; V. Di Donato; D. Insinga; F. Molisso; C. Faraci; M. Sacchi; R. Dera; L. Ferranti; S. Passaro. Seismic stratigraphy of upper Quaternary shallow-water contourite drifts in the Gulf of Taranto (Ionian Sea, southern Italy). Marine Geology 2018, 397, 79 -92.
AMA StyleF. Pepe, V. Di Donato, D. Insinga, F. Molisso, C. Faraci, M. Sacchi, R. Dera, L. Ferranti, S. Passaro. Seismic stratigraphy of upper Quaternary shallow-water contourite drifts in the Gulf of Taranto (Ionian Sea, southern Italy). Marine Geology. 2018; 397 ():79-92.
Chicago/Turabian StyleF. Pepe; V. Di Donato; D. Insinga; F. Molisso; C. Faraci; M. Sacchi; R. Dera; L. Ferranti; S. Passaro. 2018. "Seismic stratigraphy of upper Quaternary shallow-water contourite drifts in the Gulf of Taranto (Ionian Sea, southern Italy)." Marine Geology 397, no. : 79-92.
We report the geomorphological features of the continental shelf of the Gulf of Naples along the submarine slopes of the Somma-Vesuvius volcanic complex. This area is characterized by seafloor morphologies that are related to mantle degassing. Significant phenomena associated with this process occur. Doming of the seafloor has been detected in the area of Banco della Montagna, whereas a hole-like morphology has formed at Bocca dei Pescatori, likely as a result of a phreatic explosion. Outcropping or partially submerged volcanic bodies are also present as well as two main debris avalanche deposits arising from the main Somma-Vesuvius edifice. A large area characterized by an overall concave external profile and a global sediment wave morphology covers most of the southwestern area of the volcano.
Salvatore Passaro; Marco Sacchi; Stella Tamburrino; Guido Ventura. Fluid Vents, Flank Instability, and Seafloor Processes along the Submarine Slopes of the Somma-Vesuvius Volcano, Eastern Tyrrhenian Margin. Geosciences 2018, 8, 60 .
AMA StyleSalvatore Passaro, Marco Sacchi, Stella Tamburrino, Guido Ventura. Fluid Vents, Flank Instability, and Seafloor Processes along the Submarine Slopes of the Somma-Vesuvius Volcano, Eastern Tyrrhenian Margin. Geosciences. 2018; 8 (2):60.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSalvatore Passaro; Marco Sacchi; Stella Tamburrino; Guido Ventura. 2018. "Fluid Vents, Flank Instability, and Seafloor Processes along the Submarine Slopes of the Somma-Vesuvius Volcano, Eastern Tyrrhenian Margin." Geosciences 8, no. 2: 60.
Subduction-transform edge propagators are lithospheric tears bounding slabs and back-arc basins. The volcanism at these edges is enigmatic because it is lacking comprehensive geological and geophysical data. Here we present bathymetric, potential-field data, and direct observations of the seafloor on the 90 km long Palinuro volcanic chain overlapping the E-W striking tear of the roll-backing Ionian slab in Southern Tyrrhenian Sea. The volcanic chain includes arc-type central volcanoes and fissural, spreading-type centers emplaced along second-order shears. The volume of the volcanic chain is larger than that of the neighbor island-arc edifices and back-arc spreading center. Such large volume of magma is associated to an upwelling of the isotherms due to mantle melts upraising from the rear of the slab along the tear fault. The subduction-transform edge volcanism focuses localized spreading processes and its magnitude is underestimated. This volcanism characterizes the subduction settings associated to volcanic arcs and back-arc spreading centers.
Luca Cocchi; Salvatore Passaro; Fabio Caratori Tontini; Guido Ventura. Volcanism in slab tear faults is larger than in island-arcs and back-arcs. Nature Communications 2017, 8, 1451 .
AMA StyleLuca Cocchi, Salvatore Passaro, Fabio Caratori Tontini, Guido Ventura. Volcanism in slab tear faults is larger than in island-arcs and back-arcs. Nature Communications. 2017; 8 (1):1451.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLuca Cocchi; Salvatore Passaro; Fabio Caratori Tontini; Guido Ventura. 2017. "Volcanism in slab tear faults is larger than in island-arcs and back-arcs." Nature Communications 8, no. 1: 1451.
Framed in the current geodynamics of the central Mediterranean, the Aeolian-Tindari-Letojanni\ud fault system is part of a wider NW-SE oriented right-lateral wrench zone which accommodates\ud diverging motion between regional-scale blocks located at the southern edge of the Calabrian Arc.\ud In order to investigate the structural architecture and the active deformation pattern of the northern\ud sector of this tectonic feature, structural observations on-land, high and very-high resolution seismic\ud reflection data, swath bathymetry data and seismological and geodetic data were merged from the\ud Lipari-Vulcano volcanic complex (central sector of the Aeolian Islands) to the Peloritani Mountains\ud across the Gulf of Patti. Our interpretation shows that the active deformation pattern of the study\ud area is currently expressed by NW-SE trending, right-transtensional én-echelon fault segments\ud whose overla ing gives rise to releasing stepover and pull-a art structures. This structural\ud architecture has favored magma and fluid ascent and the shaping of the Lipari-Vulcano volcanic\ud complex. Similarly, the Gulf of Patti is interpreted as an extensional relay zone between two\ud overlapping, right-lateral NW-SE trending master faults. The structural configuration we\ud reconstruct is also supported by seismological and geodetic data which are consistent with kinematics of the mapped faults. Notably, most of the low-magnitude instrumental seismicity\ud occurs within the relay zones, whilst the largest historical earthquakes (1786, Mw=6.2; 1978,\ud Mw=6.1) are located along the major fault segments
Fabrizio Cultrera; Giovanni Barreca; Luigi Ferranti; Carmelo Monaco; Fabrizio Pepe; Salvatore Passaro; Graziella Barberi; Valentina Bruno; Mario Mattia; Carla Musumeci; Scarfì Luciano. Structural architecture and active deformation pattern in the northern sector of the Aeolian-Tindari-Letojanni fault system (SE Tyrrhenian Sea-NE Sicily) from integrated analysis of field, marine geophysical, seismological and geodetic data. Italian Journal of Geosciences 2017, 136, 399 -417.
AMA StyleFabrizio Cultrera, Giovanni Barreca, Luigi Ferranti, Carmelo Monaco, Fabrizio Pepe, Salvatore Passaro, Graziella Barberi, Valentina Bruno, Mario Mattia, Carla Musumeci, Scarfì Luciano. Structural architecture and active deformation pattern in the northern sector of the Aeolian-Tindari-Letojanni fault system (SE Tyrrhenian Sea-NE Sicily) from integrated analysis of field, marine geophysical, seismological and geodetic data. Italian Journal of Geosciences. 2017; 136 (3):399-417.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFabrizio Cultrera; Giovanni Barreca; Luigi Ferranti; Carmelo Monaco; Fabrizio Pepe; Salvatore Passaro; Graziella Barberi; Valentina Bruno; Mario Mattia; Carla Musumeci; Scarfì Luciano. 2017. "Structural architecture and active deformation pattern in the northern sector of the Aeolian-Tindari-Letojanni fault system (SE Tyrrhenian Sea-NE Sicily) from integrated analysis of field, marine geophysical, seismological and geodetic data." Italian Journal of Geosciences 136, no. 3: 399-417.
The Gulf of Patti and its onshore sector represent one of the most seismically active regions of the Italian Peninsula. Over the period 1984–2014, about 1800 earthquakes with small-to-moderate magnitude and a maximum hypocentral depth of 40 km occurred in this area. Historical catalogues reveal that the same area was affected by several strong earthquakes such as the Mw = 6.1 event in April 1978 and the Mw = 6.2 one in March 1786 which have caused severe damages in the surrounding localities. The main seismotectonic feature affecting this area is represented by a NNW–SSE trending right-lateral strike-slip fault system called “Aeolian–Tindari–Letojanni” (ATLFS) which has been interpreted as a lithospheric transfer zone extending from the Aeolian Islands to the Ionian coast of Sicily. Although the large-scale role of the ATLFS is widely accepted, several issues about its structural architecture (i.e. distribution, attitude and slip of fault segments) and the active deformation pattern are poorly constrained, particularly in the offshore. An integrated analysis of field structural geology with marine geophysical and seismological data has allowed to better understand the structural fabric of the ATLFS which, in the study area, is expressed by two major NW–SE trending, en-echelon arranged fault segments. Minor NNE–SSW oriented extensional structures mainly occur in the overlap region between major faults, forming a dilatational stepover. Most faults display evidence of active deformation and appear to control the main morphobathymetric features. This aspect, together with diffused continental slope instability, must be considered for the revaluation of the seismic and geomorphological hazard of this sector of southern Tyrrhenian Sea.
F. Cultrera; Giovanni Barreca; Pierfrancesco Burrato; Luigi Ferranti; Carmelo Monaco; S. Passaro; Fabrizio Pepe; Luciano Scarfì. Active faulting and continental slope instability in the Gulf of Patti (Tyrrhenian side of NE Sicily, Italy): a field, marine and seismological joint analysis. Natural Hazards 2016, 86, 253 -272.
AMA StyleF. Cultrera, Giovanni Barreca, Pierfrancesco Burrato, Luigi Ferranti, Carmelo Monaco, S. Passaro, Fabrizio Pepe, Luciano Scarfì. Active faulting and continental slope instability in the Gulf of Patti (Tyrrhenian side of NE Sicily, Italy): a field, marine and seismological joint analysis. Natural Hazards. 2016; 86 (S2):253-272.
Chicago/Turabian StyleF. Cultrera; Giovanni Barreca; Pierfrancesco Burrato; Luigi Ferranti; Carmelo Monaco; S. Passaro; Fabrizio Pepe; Luciano Scarfì. 2016. "Active faulting and continental slope instability in the Gulf of Patti (Tyrrhenian side of NE Sicily, Italy): a field, marine and seismological joint analysis." Natural Hazards 86, no. S2: 253-272.
We analyzed new magnetic, bathymetric, and seismic data acquired in the offshore sector of Somma-Vesuvius volcano (Italy). We detected a group of high-intensity, short wavelength magnetic anomalies corresponding to partly buried volcanic dome-like structures located by seismic data. The magnetic anomalies are aligned along a NW-SE strike that is the preferential orientation of an eruptive fracture of the pre-19 ka activity of Vesuvius. Three cones emplaced before the Last Glacial Maximum, whereas a fourth one emplaced after 19 ka suggesting a rejuvenation of the eruptive system offshore the volcano in historical times. We also identified a NE-SW elongated magnetic anomaly consistent with a dike-like body associated to an on-land tectonic structure that was active in recent times at Vesuvius. A delta-like area with diffuse low-intensity magnetic anomalies reflects the seaward fronts of lava flows that entered the sea mainly during the Middle Ages.
V. Paoletti; S. Passaro; M. Fedi; Camilla Marino; Stella Tamburrino; Guido Ventura. Subcircular conduits and dikes offshore the Somma-Vesuvius volcano revealed by magnetic and seismic data. Geophysical Research Letters 2016, 43, 9544 -9551.
AMA StyleV. Paoletti, S. Passaro, M. Fedi, Camilla Marino, Stella Tamburrino, Guido Ventura. Subcircular conduits and dikes offshore the Somma-Vesuvius volcano revealed by magnetic and seismic data. Geophysical Research Letters. 2016; 43 (18):9544-9551.
Chicago/Turabian StyleV. Paoletti; S. Passaro; M. Fedi; Camilla Marino; Stella Tamburrino; Guido Ventura. 2016. "Subcircular conduits and dikes offshore the Somma-Vesuvius volcano revealed by magnetic and seismic data." Geophysical Research Letters 43, no. 18: 9544-9551.