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Urban areas represent the central point of sustainability initiatives which drive significant changes in cities’ planning, design and management. Given that urban areas are subject to continuous change, efficient and integrated planning and policy strategies are needed to address their complex challenges. This is why the Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) plays an essential role in urban planning considering the optimal investment alternatives along with the environmental protection measures. Given that the SEA process considers all impacts on social, economic, institutional and environmental factors, this process must be managed as an adaptive process. Our analysis proposes an evaluation protocol to address sustainability on its economic-environmental-social-institutional dimensions in the evaluation of environmental permits. The evaluation protocol comprised 43 items grouped into three categories (“general presentation”, “sustainability related aspects within the protection measures” and “the strength of the protection measures”). Our analysis, focused on the urban areas from Romania as case study, shows that the environmental permits address sustainability slightly below average. The environmental and institutional dimensions of sustainability achieved the highest scores while those of the economic and social dimensions were quite the opposite. This proved to be helpful in recognizing the strengths and weaknesses of such regulatory documents in terms of their environmental, social, economic and institutional sustainability. Our study contributes to the international literature given that no studies have been elaborated on the evaluation of environmental permits using an evaluation protocol.
Cristina-Gabriela Mitincu; Ioan-Cristian Ioja; Constantina-Alina Hossu; Martina Artmann; Andreea Nita; Mihai-Razvan Nita. Licensing sustainability related aspects in Strategic Environmental Assessment. Evidence from Romania’s urban areas. Land Use Policy 2021, 108, 105572 .
AMA StyleCristina-Gabriela Mitincu, Ioan-Cristian Ioja, Constantina-Alina Hossu, Martina Artmann, Andreea Nita, Mihai-Razvan Nita. Licensing sustainability related aspects in Strategic Environmental Assessment. Evidence from Romania’s urban areas. Land Use Policy. 2021; 108 ():105572.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCristina-Gabriela Mitincu; Ioan-Cristian Ioja; Constantina-Alina Hossu; Martina Artmann; Andreea Nita; Mihai-Razvan Nita. 2021. "Licensing sustainability related aspects in Strategic Environmental Assessment. Evidence from Romania’s urban areas." Land Use Policy 108, no. : 105572.
While Ecosystem Services (ES) are crucial for sustaining human wellbeing, urban development can threaten their sustainable supply. Following recent EU directives, many countries in Europe are implementing laws and regulations to protect and improve ES at local and regional levels. However, urban planning regulations already consider mandatory compensation for the loss of nature, and this compensation is often restricted to replacing green with green in other locations. This situation might lead to the loss of ES in areas subject to urban development, a loss that would eventually be replaced elsewhere. Therefore, ES assessments should be included in urban planning to improve the environmental conditions of urban landscapes where development takes place. Using an actual planning and development example that involves a proposed road to a restructured former industrial area in Bochum, Germany, we developed an ad-hoc assessment to compare a standard environmental compensation approach applying ES. We evaluated the impact of the planned construction alternatives with both approaches. In a second step, we selected the alternative with a lower impact and estimated the ES losses from the compensation measures. Our findings show that an ES assessment provides a solid basis for the selection of development alternatives, the identification of compensation areas, and the estimation of compensation amounts, with the benefit of improving the environmental quality of the affected areas. Our method was effective in strengthening urban planning, using ES science in the assessment and evaluation of urban development alternatives.
Harald Zepp; Luis Inostroza. Who Pays the Bill? Assessing Ecosystem Services Losses in an Urban Planning Context. Land 2021, 10, 369 .
AMA StyleHarald Zepp, Luis Inostroza. Who Pays the Bill? Assessing Ecosystem Services Losses in an Urban Planning Context. Land. 2021; 10 (4):369.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHarald Zepp; Luis Inostroza. 2021. "Who Pays the Bill? Assessing Ecosystem Services Losses in an Urban Planning Context." Land 10, no. 4: 369.
Due to irregular and uncontrolled expansion of cities in developing countries, currently operational landfill sites cannot be used in the long-term, as people will be living in proximity to these sites and be exposed to unhygienic circumstances. Hence, this study aims at proposing an integrated approach for determining suitable locations for landfills while considering their physical expansion. The proposed approach utilizes the fuzzy analytical hierarchy process (FAHP) to weigh the sets of identified landfill location criteria. Furthermore, the weighted linear combination (WLC) approach was applied for the elicitation of the proper primary locations. Finally, the support vector machine (SVM) and cellular automation-based Markov chain method were used to predict urban growth. To demonstrate the applicability of the developed approach, it was applied to a case study, namely the city of Mashhad in Iran, where suitable sites for landfills were identified considering the urban growth in different geographical directions for this city by 2048. The proposed approach could be of use for policymakers, urban planners, and other decision-makers to minimize uncertainty arising from long-term resource allocation.
Salman Qureshi; Saman Shorabeh; Najmeh Samany; Foad Minaei; Mehdi Homaee; Fatemeh Nickravesh; Mohammad Firozjaei; Jamal Arsanjani. A New Integrated Approach for Municipal Landfill Siting Based on Urban Physical Growth Prediction: A Case Study Mashhad Metropolis in Iran. Remote Sensing 2021, 13, 949 .
AMA StyleSalman Qureshi, Saman Shorabeh, Najmeh Samany, Foad Minaei, Mehdi Homaee, Fatemeh Nickravesh, Mohammad Firozjaei, Jamal Arsanjani. A New Integrated Approach for Municipal Landfill Siting Based on Urban Physical Growth Prediction: A Case Study Mashhad Metropolis in Iran. Remote Sensing. 2021; 13 (5):949.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSalman Qureshi; Saman Shorabeh; Najmeh Samany; Foad Minaei; Mehdi Homaee; Fatemeh Nickravesh; Mohammad Firozjaei; Jamal Arsanjani. 2021. "A New Integrated Approach for Municipal Landfill Siting Based on Urban Physical Growth Prediction: A Case Study Mashhad Metropolis in Iran." Remote Sensing 13, no. 5: 949.
Zoning is an important tool to regulate the use of land and to characterize built form over land, and thus to facilitate urban sustainability. Availability of reliable data is crucial for monitoring land use zoning, which contributes directly to the success of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in general, and SDG Goal 11 for sustainable cities and communities in particular. However, obtaining this valuable information using traditional survey methods is both costly and time-consuming. Remote sensing technology overcomes these challenges and supports urban policymaking and planning processes. This study unveils a novel approach to developing a cost-effective method for identifying building types using Sentinel-2A, Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS)–based nighttime light (NTL) data, and TanDEM-X–based Digital Surface Model (DSM) data. A newly developed index for this study, the Normalized Difference Steel Structure Index (NDSSI), is useful for rapidly mapping industrial buildings with steel structures. The implementation status of Dhaka’s existing land use plan was evaluated by analyzing the spatial distribution of different types of building uses. This study classifies residential, commercial, and industrial buildings within Dhaka using building height, and nighttime light emission. The experimental results reveal that about 67% of commercial and 51% of industrial buildings within the Dhaka Metropolitan Area (DMA) do not comply with the land use zoning by the Detailed Area Plan (DAP). It also reveals that approximately 10% of commercial buildings, 9% of industrial buildings, and 6% of residential buildings have encroached upon conservation zones (such as open space, flood-prone zones, water bodies, and proposed areas for future road extension). A major constraint in the study was the low spatial resolution of the nighttime light dataset, which made it difficult to distinguish individual sources of light. Still, the methodological approaches proposed in this study are expected to promote reduced costs and efficacious decision-making in urban transformation and to help achieve SDG 11, especially in developing countries.
Mustafizur Rahman; Ram Avtar; Sohail Ahmad; Luis Inostroza; Prakhar Misra; Pankaj Kumar; Wataru Takeuchi; Akhilesh Surjan; Osamu Saito. Does building development in Dhaka comply with land use zoning? An analysis using nighttime light and digital building heights. Sustainability Science 2021, 16, 1323 -1340.
AMA StyleMustafizur Rahman, Ram Avtar, Sohail Ahmad, Luis Inostroza, Prakhar Misra, Pankaj Kumar, Wataru Takeuchi, Akhilesh Surjan, Osamu Saito. Does building development in Dhaka comply with land use zoning? An analysis using nighttime light and digital building heights. Sustainability Science. 2021; 16 (4):1323-1340.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMustafizur Rahman; Ram Avtar; Sohail Ahmad; Luis Inostroza; Prakhar Misra; Pankaj Kumar; Wataru Takeuchi; Akhilesh Surjan; Osamu Saito. 2021. "Does building development in Dhaka comply with land use zoning? An analysis using nighttime light and digital building heights." Sustainability Science 16, no. 4: 1323-1340.
The changing climate has introduced new and unique challenges and threats to humans and their environment. Urban dwellers in particular have suffered from increased levels of heat stress, and the situation is predicted to continue to worsen in the future. Attention toward urban climate change adaptation has increased more than ever before, but previous studies have focused on indoor and outdoor temperature patterns separately. The objective of this research is to assess the indoor and outdoor temperature patterns of different urban settlements. Remote sensing data, together with air temperature data collected with temperature data loggers, were used to analyze land surface temperature (outdoor temperature) and air temperature (indoor temperature). A hot and cold spot analysis was performed to identify the statistically significant clusters of high and low temperature data. The results showed a distinct temperature pattern across different residential units. Districts with dense urban settlements show a warmer outdoor temperature than do more sparsely developed districts. Dense urban settlements show cooler indoor temperatures during the day and night, while newly built districts show cooler outdoor temperatures during the warm season. Understanding indoor and outdoor temperature patterns simultaneously could help to better identify districts that are vulnerable to heat stress in each city. Recognizing vulnerable districts could minimize the impact of heat stress on inhabitants.
Saddrodin Alavipanah; Dagmar Haase; Mohsen Makki; Mir Nizamani; Salman Qureshi. On the Spatial Patterns of Urban Thermal Conditions Using Indoor and Outdoor Temperatures. Remote Sensing 2021, 13, 640 .
AMA StyleSaddrodin Alavipanah, Dagmar Haase, Mohsen Makki, Mir Nizamani, Salman Qureshi. On the Spatial Patterns of Urban Thermal Conditions Using Indoor and Outdoor Temperatures. Remote Sensing. 2021; 13 (4):640.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSaddrodin Alavipanah; Dagmar Haase; Mohsen Makki; Mir Nizamani; Salman Qureshi. 2021. "On the Spatial Patterns of Urban Thermal Conditions Using Indoor and Outdoor Temperatures." Remote Sensing 13, no. 4: 640.
Decades of economic development and urbanization have led to strong transformations of blue infrastructure, with significant quality degradation and conversions from natural land cover to other human shaped land uses. While critically threatened, blue infrastructure in urban areas is re-emerging as an important solution that contributes to human well-being through provisioning, regulating and cultural ecosystem services. Our study aims to assess the distribution and the availability of urban blue infrastructure in Romanian cities, considered as a first step in understanding the interactions among major urban infrastructures. We found a low availability of the blue infrastructure in Romanian cities, which could have been caused by significant transformations such as improvements against flooding and conversions to built-up land. Furthermore, we identify associations between cities' share of blue infrastructure and their socio-economic and geographic characteristics. We found that the surface of blue infrastructure is shaped by both morphological features and historical legacies. Our study therefore suggests how such results could be used to enhance the multi-functionality of blue infrastructure to provide social-ecological and economic benefits in densely urbanised areas.
Cristian I. Iojă; Denisa L. Badiu; Dagmar Haase; Alina C. Hossu; Mihai R. Niță. How about water? Urban blue infrastructure management in Romania. Cities 2021, 110, 103084 .
AMA StyleCristian I. Iojă, Denisa L. Badiu, Dagmar Haase, Alina C. Hossu, Mihai R. Niță. How about water? Urban blue infrastructure management in Romania. Cities. 2021; 110 ():103084.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCristian I. Iojă; Denisa L. Badiu; Dagmar Haase; Alina C. Hossu; Mihai R. Niță. 2021. "How about water? Urban blue infrastructure management in Romania." Cities 110, no. : 103084.
The Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) and then Global Precipitation Mission (GPM) are the most important and widely used data sources in the forecasting of drought, flood, and water resources management. However, since this sensor’s data is primarily used for tropical regions, it is necessary to evaluate the accuracy for optimal use of the data across varying climatic and physiographic conditions. In this study, the accuracy of the satellite data for a span of 17 years (2000-2017) for three climatic zones has been explored using synoptic ground station data. The climates include a) arid and low rainfall, b) semi-arid and low rainfall, and c) humid and high rainfall. We evaluated satellite data accuracy in drought and wet conditions based on the Standard Precipitation Index (S.P.I.) and different seasons. For available ground control stations, 13 stations were used in the humid, seven stations in a semi-arid climate, and 12 stations in the dry climate. The results show that the monthly precipitation product of GPM (IMERG product) and TRMM (TMPA/3B43 product) overestimate the rainfall. In the arid climate, the precipitation is estimated 43%, in the semi-arid environment 50%, and in the humid weather 11% more than the ground-based data on average. Therefore, to use satellite data in different climates, it is necessary to make corrections to obtain precise results. Based on 32 ground stations, the correction coefficient has a positive relationship with average precipitation and altitude and an inverse relationship with the latitude. Further in-depth investigations showed that the accuracy of satellite data in wet conditions is higher than the accuracy of normal circumstances, and the accuracy of normal conditions is more accurate than drought conditions. Besides, the accuracy of satellite data in wet or dry conditions increases with increasing time scales. The highest accuracy was obtained for a 12-month time scale and the lowest accuracy for the 3-month time scale of drought conditions in the arid climate.
Salman Qureshi; Javad Koohpayma; Mohammad Karimi Firozjaei; Ata Abdollahi Kakroodi. Evaluation of Seasonal and Drought Conditions Effect on Satellite-based Precipitation Data Accuracy over Different Climatic Conditions. 2020, 1 .
AMA StyleSalman Qureshi, Javad Koohpayma, Mohammad Karimi Firozjaei, Ata Abdollahi Kakroodi. Evaluation of Seasonal and Drought Conditions Effect on Satellite-based Precipitation Data Accuracy over Different Climatic Conditions. . 2020; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSalman Qureshi; Javad Koohpayma; Mohammad Karimi Firozjaei; Ata Abdollahi Kakroodi. 2020. "Evaluation of Seasonal and Drought Conditions Effect on Satellite-based Precipitation Data Accuracy over Different Climatic Conditions." , no. : 1.
Urban ecosystems perform a distinctive metabolism appropriating fundamental materials and energy resources from other ecosystems. This appropriation enables a productive circularity which sustains the material production of urban space: urbanisation. Upon entering the urban ecosystem, the material fluxes are processed by human labour to be consumed, exchanged and accumulated. The appropriation of raw materials and the further production of technomass are entangled processes along a complex material circulation, sustained by internal metabolic processes of production, consumption, transformation and accumulation. The overall process couples several ecosystems along a metabolic urban network (MUN), a large-scale interconnected metabolism of urban and non-urban ecosystems. Long and short distance metabolic interactions configuring a huge space of flows from which distinct urbanisation patterns arise. The extended urbanisation, differential urbanisation, accumulative urbanisation, cascade urbanisation and speculative urbanisation are historically and ecologically determined. The MUN is an asymmetric spatiotemporal exchange structure to and from which matter, energy and information flow, producing profound socio-ecological asymmetries in a global range of dispersed urban tissues. The MUN is the vortex where the planetary processes of ecological and social deterioration is driven. The MUN is an analytical device to unveil urbanisation as a socio-ecological process of colonisation of urban and non-urban ecosystems.
Luis Inostroza; Harald Zepp. The metabolic urban network: Urbanisation as hierarchically ordered space of flows. Cities 2020, 109, 103029 .
AMA StyleLuis Inostroza, Harald Zepp. The metabolic urban network: Urbanisation as hierarchically ordered space of flows. Cities. 2020; 109 ():103029.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLuis Inostroza; Harald Zepp. 2020. "The metabolic urban network: Urbanisation as hierarchically ordered space of flows." Cities 109, no. : 103029.
Luis Inostroza; Harald Zepp; Steward Pickett; Rudolf de Groot. Ecosystem Function. Encyclopedia of the UN Sustainable Development Goals 2020, 282 -289.
AMA StyleLuis Inostroza, Harald Zepp, Steward Pickett, Rudolf de Groot. Ecosystem Function. Encyclopedia of the UN Sustainable Development Goals. 2020; ():282-289.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLuis Inostroza; Harald Zepp; Steward Pickett; Rudolf de Groot. 2020. "Ecosystem Function." Encyclopedia of the UN Sustainable Development Goals , no. : 282-289.
The present research datasets were processed for the article “The global homogenization of urban form. An assessment of 194 cities across time” [1]. They consist of land cover spatial layers, longitude and latitude point data and tabulated data with computed landscape metrics and the characterization of urban form of 194 cities for 1990 and 2015. Contiguous urban fabric at 30 m spatial resolution was derived from the Atlas of Urban Expansion database for 1990 and 2015 [2]. Landscape metrics were computed as quantitative measures of composition and spatial arrangement of each city and dimensions of the database were reduced employing correlation and principal components analysis. Hierarchical clustering was employed to group cities according to the similarity of their urban form and analysis of variance was applied to test for significant differences between them. The spatial layers contained in this article can be complemented with past and future land cover data to model urban form change at broader temporal scales. The landscape metrics are useful for cross-city comparisons at regional, national and global levels in combination with other complementary indicators. The datasets are valuable for urban planners, urban ecologists, NGO's, decision makers and other with interest on local and global landscape change in urban areas, particularly urban expansion and its impacts.
Richard Lemoine-Rodriguez; Luis Inostroza; Harald Zepp. Urban form datasets of 194 cities delineated based on the contiguous urban fabric for 1990 and 2015. Data in Brief 2020, 33, 106369 .
AMA StyleRichard Lemoine-Rodriguez, Luis Inostroza, Harald Zepp. Urban form datasets of 194 cities delineated based on the contiguous urban fabric for 1990 and 2015. Data in Brief. 2020; 33 ():106369.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRichard Lemoine-Rodriguez; Luis Inostroza; Harald Zepp. 2020. "Urban form datasets of 194 cities delineated based on the contiguous urban fabric for 1990 and 2015." Data in Brief 33, no. : 106369.
Global changes impact the human-environment relationship, and, in particular, they affect the provision of ecosystem services. Mountain ecosystems provide a wide range of such services, but they are highly sensitive and vulnerable to change due to various human pressures and natural processes. We conducted a literature survey that focused on two main issues. The first was the identification of quantitative methods aimed at assessing the impact of land use changes in mountain regions and the related ecosystem services. The second was the analysis of the extent to which the outcomes of these assessments are useful and transferable to stakeholders. We selected papers through a keyword-driven search of the ISI Web of Knowledge and other international databases. The keywords used for the search were mountain land use change and ecosystem service. Quantitative approaches to ecosystem service assessment rely on suitable indicators, therefore land use/land cover can be used as an appropriate proxy. Landscape metrics are a powerful analytical tool; their use can increase the accuracy of assessments and facilitate the mitigation of specific phenomena, such as fragmentation or the reduction of core habitat areas. Mapping is essential: it is the basis for spatial analyzes and eases the interactions between stakeholders. Land use/land cover change is a temporal process, so both past and future approaches are meaningful. It is necessary to enhance information transfer from theory to practice. Increasing stakeholder awareness can lead to suitable management solutions, and, reciprocally, stakeholder feedback can help improve current assessment methodologies and contribute to developing new tools that are suitable for specific problems.
Ileana Pătru-Stupariu; Constantina Alina Hossu; Simona Raluca Grădinaru; Andreea Nita; Mihai-Sorin Stupariu; Alina Huzui-Stoiculescu; Athanasios-Alexandru Gavrilidis. A Review of Changes in Mountain Land Use and Ecosystem Services: From Theory to Practice. Land 2020, 9, 336 .
AMA StyleIleana Pătru-Stupariu, Constantina Alina Hossu, Simona Raluca Grădinaru, Andreea Nita, Mihai-Sorin Stupariu, Alina Huzui-Stoiculescu, Athanasios-Alexandru Gavrilidis. A Review of Changes in Mountain Land Use and Ecosystem Services: From Theory to Practice. Land. 2020; 9 (9):336.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIleana Pătru-Stupariu; Constantina Alina Hossu; Simona Raluca Grădinaru; Andreea Nita; Mihai-Sorin Stupariu; Alina Huzui-Stoiculescu; Athanasios-Alexandru Gavrilidis. 2020. "A Review of Changes in Mountain Land Use and Ecosystem Services: From Theory to Practice." Land 9, no. 9: 336.
The spatial structure of cities, i.e. their composition, shape and degree of fragmentation or compactness, is a physical expression reflecting development efficiency. Identifying the evolution of urban systems in time and space is crucial towards sustainable urban development. In this paper, we assess the spatial structure of 194 cities from 1990 and 2015, in order to identify patterns, clusters of similar cities, trajectories, and the global distribution of urban form. We delineated the contiguous urban fabric, employed landscape metrics to quantitatively describe urban patterns, applied a Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to reduce the dimension of data to an uncorrelated set of variables and identified groups of cities with similar urban forms by means of hierarchical clustering. We found four types of urban form: compact-grey, transitional, ragged-small and fragmented-complex cities. Globally, continentally and regionally, cities have followed a trend towards more homogeneous urban forms, most of them becoming transitional as a consequence of both, processes of fragmentation and compactness. The only exception of this trend is a group of large cities in Australia, New Zealand and the United States, which are still predominantly fragmented-complex. Under the persisting process of urban expansion, small to medium-sized cities showed to be the most dynamic in terms of expansion and change in urban form, which makes them key towards sustainable urban development. This analysis contributes to the understanding of the transformations induced by the process of urban expansion that shapes urban form. Such information is crucial for achieving urban sustainability.
Richard Lemoine-Rodríguez; Luis Inostroza; Harald Zepp. The global homogenization of urban form. An assessment of 194 cities across time. Landscape and Urban Planning 2020, 204, 103949 .
AMA StyleRichard Lemoine-Rodríguez, Luis Inostroza, Harald Zepp. The global homogenization of urban form. An assessment of 194 cities across time. Landscape and Urban Planning. 2020; 204 ():103949.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRichard Lemoine-Rodríguez; Luis Inostroza; Harald Zepp. 2020. "The global homogenization of urban form. An assessment of 194 cities across time." Landscape and Urban Planning 204, no. : 103949.
Evaluating the spatial relationship between the supply of and demand for cultural ecosystem services (CESs) in rapidly urbanizing watersheds is critical for landscape planning and the improvement of human well-being. However, few approaches can investigate relationships of multiple CESs in a spatially explicit way and involve different groups of stakeholders. In our study, we developed an integrated approach that combined a survey-driven model (SolVES) and a text analysis of the social media reviews, using the Guanting Reservoir basin as an example. Three CESs, including aesthetic service, historical and cultural service, and recreational and therapeutic service, were examined. The results showed that 80% of the total area of the basin exhibited a spatial mismatch between CES supply and demand. Among the three CESs, historical and cultural service had the largest mismatched area, which was dominated by a low supply and high demand. For the venue of the 2022 Winter Olympics, Chongli District, all three CESs exhibited spatial mismatches, while the main type of mismatch was low supply and high demand. Urbanization can either promote a match or worsen a mismatch. Therefore, place-based solutions, such as environmental monitoring and promoting tourism, are encouraged to mitigate the mismatch of CES supply and demand in rapidly urbanizing watersheds.
Shiting Meng; Qingxu Huang; Ling Zhang; Chunyang He; Luis Inostroza; Yansong Bai; Dan Yin. Matches and mismatches between the supply of and demand for cultural ecosystem services in rapidly urbanizing watersheds: A case study in the Guanting Reservoir basin, China. Ecosystem Services 2020, 45, 101156 .
AMA StyleShiting Meng, Qingxu Huang, Ling Zhang, Chunyang He, Luis Inostroza, Yansong Bai, Dan Yin. Matches and mismatches between the supply of and demand for cultural ecosystem services in rapidly urbanizing watersheds: A case study in the Guanting Reservoir basin, China. Ecosystem Services. 2020; 45 ():101156.
Chicago/Turabian StyleShiting Meng; Qingxu Huang; Ling Zhang; Chunyang He; Luis Inostroza; Yansong Bai; Dan Yin. 2020. "Matches and mismatches between the supply of and demand for cultural ecosystem services in rapidly urbanizing watersheds: A case study in the Guanting Reservoir basin, China." Ecosystem Services 45, no. : 101156.
Ecosystem functions are hierarchical bundles of ecological processes that sustain the internal organization and structure of ecosystems in space and time. These ecosystem functions are the...
Luis Inostroza; Harald Zepp; Steward Pickett; Rudolf De Groot. Ecosystem Function. Encyclopedia of the UN Sustainable Development Goals 2020, 1 -8.
AMA StyleLuis Inostroza, Harald Zepp, Steward Pickett, Rudolf De Groot. Ecosystem Function. Encyclopedia of the UN Sustainable Development Goals. 2020; ():1-8.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLuis Inostroza; Harald Zepp; Steward Pickett; Rudolf De Groot. 2020. "Ecosystem Function." Encyclopedia of the UN Sustainable Development Goals , no. : 1-8.
In rapidly urbanizing watersheds with conflicts between socioeconomic development and ecological protection, understanding the relationship between ecosystem services (ESs) and human well-being is important for regional sustainability. However, quantifying their relationship over multiple scales remains challenging. We selected a typical rapidly urbanizing watershed, the Baiyangdian watershed in China, and used surveys and a multilevel linear model to analyze the influence of regional ESs and individual characteristics on subjective well-being (SWB). Our results showed that the multilevel linear model could effectively capture the influences of regional ESs on the residents’ SWB. For the watershed, 95.9% of the total variance in the residents’ SWB was attributed to variation between individuals, and the remaining 4.1% was attributed to variation between regions. The SWB of rural residents was more likely to be affected by regional ESs than urban residents. In the Baiyangdian watershed, which has a water supply shortage, the SWB of low-income and elderly residents in the rural areas was more sensitive to water retention services, and the association was significant. The results suggest that in rapidly urbanizing watersheds, government should pay attention to maintaining and improving key regulating services to effectively maintain and promote the SWB of rural residents and regional sustainability.
Qingxu Huang; Dan Yin; Chunyang He; Jubo Yan; Ziwen Liu; Shiting Meng; Qiang Ren; Rui Zhao; Luis Inostroza. Linking ecosystem services and subjective well-being in rapidly urbanizing watersheds: Insights from a multilevel linear model. Ecosystem Services 2020, 43, 101106 .
AMA StyleQingxu Huang, Dan Yin, Chunyang He, Jubo Yan, Ziwen Liu, Shiting Meng, Qiang Ren, Rui Zhao, Luis Inostroza. Linking ecosystem services and subjective well-being in rapidly urbanizing watersheds: Insights from a multilevel linear model. Ecosystem Services. 2020; 43 ():101106.
Chicago/Turabian StyleQingxu Huang; Dan Yin; Chunyang He; Jubo Yan; Ziwen Liu; Shiting Meng; Qiang Ren; Rui Zhao; Luis Inostroza. 2020. "Linking ecosystem services and subjective well-being in rapidly urbanizing watersheds: Insights from a multilevel linear model." Ecosystem Services 43, no. : 101106.
Urban green space (UGS) provision is fundamental for the well-being of people living in cities and for sustainable urban development. Assessing, quantifying and monitoring UGS is relevant for researchers, practitioners and city administrations. To date, a great deal of research has been concerned with UGS provision and accessibility. Several studies compare UGS across different cities while local governments look for benchmarks to boast about their UGS in national and international marketing strategies. However, two major obstacles in comparing the cities’ performances in terms of UGS provision can be identified: (1) the mismatch between administrative borders of cities and the actual urbanized area; (2) the criteria for defining UGS and the heterogeneity of databases. We proposed spatially explicit delineations of the contiguous urban fabric (CUF) of eight metropolitan agglomerations as a comparable spatial reference, independent of administrative boundaries, to analyze potential distortions in the UGS calculation. Using a standardized methodology, we then compared qualitative and quantitative differentiations of UGS spatial patterns as well as the overall UGS provision in a set of eight metropolitan areas in Europe. Our investigation shows the relevance of clear spatial and conceptual assumptions while assessing UGS provision and accessibility, providing strong ground to inform urban planning.
Harald Zepp; Ludwig Groß; Luis Inostroza. And the winner is? Comparing urban green space provision and accessibility in eight European metropolitan areas using a spatially explicit approach. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening 2020, 49, 126603 .
AMA StyleHarald Zepp, Ludwig Groß, Luis Inostroza. And the winner is? Comparing urban green space provision and accessibility in eight European metropolitan areas using a spatially explicit approach. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening. 2020; 49 ():126603.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHarald Zepp; Ludwig Groß; Luis Inostroza. 2020. "And the winner is? Comparing urban green space provision and accessibility in eight European metropolitan areas using a spatially explicit approach." Urban Forestry & Urban Greening 49, no. : 126603.
Collaborative dispute resolution is essential in natural resource management in the process of negotiating solutions to environmental issues. Our study aims to look at the factors which appear to contribute to the effectiveness of collaborative problem-solving efforts in case studies of environmental conflicts in Romania. The selected case studies illustrate conflicts over the management of natural resources, human-wildlife conflicts, as well as conflicts between development and conservation. A framework for collaborative governance and the multi-value qualitative comparative analysis (mvQCA) method are used to assess and compare 27 case studies in order to identify the factors that bring about success in the resolution of the conflicts in question. Our results indicate that a combination of different characteristics of shared motivation and joint action is sufficient for reaching agreement on the contested issues. However, most of the agreements are not stable due to political and administrative reasons. This study discusses the opportunities and constraints under which collaborative efforts unfold in the case studies. It could also help managers to enhance collaboration in the resolution process for environmental conflicts in the future.
Constantina Alina Hossu; Ioan Cristian Iojă; Maria Pătroescu; Adrian Dușa; Anna M. Hersperger. Dispute Resolution and Collaborative Decision-Making: What Accounts for Their Effectiveness? The Case of Romania. Sustainability 2019, 11, 7072 .
AMA StyleConstantina Alina Hossu, Ioan Cristian Iojă, Maria Pătroescu, Adrian Dușa, Anna M. Hersperger. Dispute Resolution and Collaborative Decision-Making: What Accounts for Their Effectiveness? The Case of Romania. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (24):7072.
Chicago/Turabian StyleConstantina Alina Hossu; Ioan Cristian Iojă; Maria Pătroescu; Adrian Dușa; Anna M. Hersperger. 2019. "Dispute Resolution and Collaborative Decision-Making: What Accounts for Their Effectiveness? The Case of Romania." Sustainability 11, no. 24: 7072.
The biodiversity of wood-pastures depends on a balance between human interference and natural vegetation succession, which however is undergoing changes driven by socio-economic factors and climate change. Widely spread throughout Europe, wood-pastures were subject to either intensification or abandonment, leading to habitat segregation and loss. This is currently the fate of large Romanian remnant woodpastures and climate warming further complicates management adaptation.In a series of simulation experiments, we compared the long-term effects of different land use and climate change scenarios on the habitat diversity of a wood-pasture in the Southern Carpathians (Fundata village, Romania). We tested livestock densities according to management guidelines, complemented with shrub-cutting in order to maintain a structurally-diverse landscape with high habitat values in the light of climate change. We found that significant losses of open pastureland and inclusion into forest, as well as landscape structural simplification and loss of complex habitats can be expected from climate warming, with more severe consequences in a hotter climate perspective. We arguefor the re-establishment of the traditional multi-use of wood-pastures at optimum livestock densities in combination with low-intensity shrubcutting, because our study demonstrated that traditional practices offer a balanced compromise between agricultural use and maintaining habitat mosaics that are robust to climate change.
Iona Stoicescu; Ileana Pătru-Stupariu; Constantina Alina Hossu; Alexander Peringer. Land Use Guidelines to Maintain Habitat Diversity of Wood- Pastures in the Southern Carpathians Under Projected Climate Change. Landscape Online 2019, 74, 1 -24.
AMA StyleIona Stoicescu, Ileana Pătru-Stupariu, Constantina Alina Hossu, Alexander Peringer. Land Use Guidelines to Maintain Habitat Diversity of Wood- Pastures in the Southern Carpathians Under Projected Climate Change. Landscape Online. 2019; 74 ():1-24.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIona Stoicescu; Ileana Pătru-Stupariu; Constantina Alina Hossu; Alexander Peringer. 2019. "Land Use Guidelines to Maintain Habitat Diversity of Wood- Pastures in the Southern Carpathians Under Projected Climate Change." Landscape Online 74, no. : 1-24.
Urban lakes are important freshwater resources for people and can have enormous ecological values. Understanding how different users perceive such benefits and what kind of conflicts can emerge from the multiple perceptions around the values of urban lakes can improve their management and maintain the provision of ecosystem services (ES). In this research we explore users’ preferences toward different ES provided by urban lakes, focusing on the synergies and trade-offs between them. 318 web-based and face-to-face written surveys were collected from residents, visitors and experts in three Romanian cities. Our results show that the three user groups express a strong preference for cultural as well as regulating and maintenance ES over the provisioning services. Cultural ES were identified in each synergy and trade-off. A variability in synergies between distinct categories of ES arose in residents and visitors’ assessments while the experts’ assessment involved synergies between the three ES above categories. Furthermore, trade-offs were recorded more often in experts than residents and visitors’ assessments. Users’ preferences and their synergies and trade-offs, which are often overlooked in the planning and management of urban lakes and their proximities, can help in ensuring the provision of ES from urban lakes.
Constantina Alina Hossu; Ioan-Cristian Iojă; Diana Andreea Onose; Mihai Răzvan Niță; Ana-Maria Popa; Odelin Talabă; Luis Inostroza. Ecosystem services appreciation of urban lakes in Romania. Synergies and trade-offs between multiple users. Ecosystem Services 2019, 37, 100937 .
AMA StyleConstantina Alina Hossu, Ioan-Cristian Iojă, Diana Andreea Onose, Mihai Răzvan Niță, Ana-Maria Popa, Odelin Talabă, Luis Inostroza. Ecosystem services appreciation of urban lakes in Romania. Synergies and trade-offs between multiple users. Ecosystem Services. 2019; 37 ():100937.
Chicago/Turabian StyleConstantina Alina Hossu; Ioan-Cristian Iojă; Diana Andreea Onose; Mihai Răzvan Niță; Ana-Maria Popa; Odelin Talabă; Luis Inostroza. 2019. "Ecosystem services appreciation of urban lakes in Romania. Synergies and trade-offs between multiple users." Ecosystem Services 37, no. : 100937.
Sustainable urbanization remains one of the central challenges for South America. Cities of this region are expanding very fast and this impressive urban growth has a significant impact on the environment, on energy consumption, and on public health. This chapter explores the urban heat island (UHI) effect on the climate of Guayaquil, Lima, Antofagasta, and Valparaíso. These four cities are important urban centers on the Pacific coast of South America. The UHI effect is simulated by using the Urban Weather Generator tool (UWG), a coupled atmospheric–building simulation model that uses urban form parameters to transform rural weather files into urban weather files. Urban form parameters considered in the analysis are the built-up ratio, the facade ratio and the green area ratio, obtained for 24 one-hectare random samples and running a principal component analysis and a k-mean cluster to group them. Simulation results show the presence of a UHI effect that varies between 2 and 5 °C during the night and a more dispersed situation during the day. Valparaíso and Guayaquil seem to have higher UHI than Lima and Antofagasta, probably because of the difference in the temperature ranges (higher maximum temperatures). Some hypotheses regarding the influence of the Pacific Ocean, such as urban form, heat generation in the street, building energy use, impervious materials on the resulting UHI effect are formulated and discussed, along with an estimation of the impact on the built environment looking at energy consumption, comfort felt by users, and vulnerability to heat waves.
Massimo Palme; Luis Inostroza; Geovanna Villacreses; Claudio Carrasco; Andrea Lobato. Urban Climate in the South American Coastal Cities of Guayaquil, Lima, Antofagasta, and Valparaíso, and Its Impacts on the Energy Efficiency of Buildings. Urban Climates in Latin America 2019, 33 -62.
AMA StyleMassimo Palme, Luis Inostroza, Geovanna Villacreses, Claudio Carrasco, Andrea Lobato. Urban Climate in the South American Coastal Cities of Guayaquil, Lima, Antofagasta, and Valparaíso, and Its Impacts on the Energy Efficiency of Buildings. Urban Climates in Latin America. 2019; ():33-62.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMassimo Palme; Luis Inostroza; Geovanna Villacreses; Claudio Carrasco; Andrea Lobato. 2019. "Urban Climate in the South American Coastal Cities of Guayaquil, Lima, Antofagasta, and Valparaíso, and Its Impacts on the Energy Efficiency of Buildings." Urban Climates in Latin America , no. : 33-62.