This research aims to investigate the field of entrepreneurship in the context of public sector governance in eight of the largest economies in the world (the G7 countries and Russia). To analyse the composition and evolution of entrepreneurship, data from the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor was collected, while the economic stability was based on GDP data from the World Bank. To understand the relationships between the public sector governance policies and attitudes towards entrepreneurship in terms of economic development, the 2001-2018 period was considered. The relationships studied were observed through correlation and regression analyses, based on indexes obtained through principal component analysis. Results indicate that there are strong positive correlations between GDP and cultural and social norms promoted in society, total early-stage entrepreneurial activity, physical and services infrastructure, and tax and bureaucracy, while the fear of failure affects the GDP. Besides, this research emphasises the fact that individuals’ entrepreneurial attitudes and behaviour may reduce the level of GDP, while the entrepreneurial framework developed by the public sector would have an important role in increasing economic stability.

The COVID-19 pandemic and the digitalization of medical services present significant challenges for the medical sector of the European Union, with profound implications for health systems and the provision of high-performance public health services. The sustainability and resilience of health systems are based on the introduction of information and communication technology in health processes and services, eliminating the vulnerability that can have significant consequences for health, social cohesion, and economic progress. This research aims to assess the impact of digitalization on several dimensions of health, introducing specific implications of the COVID-19 pandemic. The research methodology consists of three procedures: cluster analysis performed through vector quantization, agglomerative clustering, and an analytical approach consisting of data mapping. The main results highlight the importance of effective national responses and provide recommendations, various priorities, and objectives to strengthen health systems at the European level. Finally, the results reveal the need to reduce the gaps between the EU member states and a new approach to policy, governance, investment, health spending, and the performing provision of digital services.

This paper investigates new insights into the effect taxation has on the welfare state, using Granger causality analysis, and focusing on both economic growth and human development as welfare components. Moreover, Granger causality allows us to determine whether or not there is a bidirectional causal relationship between taxes, growth, and human development. The analysis is based on a comparative study between part of the Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) countries and the richest European Countries, over the period 1995–2015. Taxes are illustrated by different types of tax revenues to GDP ratio, economic growth is defined by gross domestic product and gross national income, while the human development index (HDI) included in the analysis is a composite measure used to rank countries based on their social and economic development level. Results confirm the fact that taxes support economic growth, but their impact on human development is rather limited. However, in countries with higher HDI, an increase in tax revenues is expected, but over long-term. This study confirms that taxes are an important instrument for governments, and should be used in economic growth. In addition, taxes are closely related to well-being, as citizens from countries with large HDI values are more likely to pay higher taxes over time. Therefore, practical tax reforms should imply an equilibrium between equity and a decent standard of living that supports life expectancy, increased tax revenues, and efficiency.

This research aims to identify the influence of fiscal policy, financial development and economic growth on the increase of renewable consumption in Romania. To achieve our objective, we employ bivariate regressions through the Autoregressive Distributed Lag method, over the 2000–2020 period, to examine these influences. We find clear evidence that the variables observed (implicit tax rate on energy, external debt stocks, real GDP per capita, environmental tax revenues from energy taxes, and market capitalisation of listed domestic companies) have significant effects on the use of renewable energy. Four unidirectional causal relationships were identified in the long run: two from independent variables towards the dependent variable and two from the dependent variables towards two other independent variables. The importance of this study is that its results can contribute to the finding of the most suitable solutions to improve renewable energy consumption in Romania and mitigate the impact of climate change. Consequently, the results of this study reveal significant conclusions and policy recommendations for Romania moving towards sustainable and green economic growth, through a balanced set of policies and measures smartly applied, accompanied by a solid rate of absorption of green funds.

In this paper, we investigate how crude oil price and volume traded affected the profitability of oil and gas companies in the United Kingdom (UK) since the financial crisis started in 2008. The study benefit from insights of the financial statements, to develop a model that focuses on how changes in oil price impact corporate performance. In order to observe the financial indicators that influence the performance, as well as the effects that changes in oil prices and demand of crude oil have on the profitability of oil and gas companies, we apply comparative regression analysis, including the generalised method of moments estimation technique for panel data set. The sample is consisting of 31 oil and gas companies in the UK, and the period analysed is 2006–2014. Results show that profitable oil and gas companies managed to face the drop in oil price and recover, characterized by significant cash flows and stock turnover, efficient use of assets, and high solvency rates. Although the oil price and volume traded do not significantly affect profitability and other financial ratios, if the oil price continues to decrease, it would permanently alter both the UK economy and oil and gas companies. In order to survive, companies make drastic cuts and defer essential investments, often at the long-term expense of asset performance. This study is important in a world where the energy consumption steadily grew over time. However, the renewable energy is cheaper and more environmentally friendly, and thus, countries where oil and gas industry is one of the most popular sectors face an economic decline. These results could be useful for investors, managers or decision makers, reclaiming strategic decisions in the current uncertain and volatile environment.