Objectives: Chronic nasal obstruction is a common disease of childhood. Adenotonsillar hypertrophy plays an important role in obstructive sleep apnea. The topical use of the aerosolized forms of corticosteroids therefore seems the most appropriate route to decrease systemic side effects. The aim of our study is to demonstrate the effect of topical mometasone furoate especially on the adenoid volume in patients without any allergic story.Methods: The study group consisting of 30 males and 25 females was administered topical nasal mometasone furoate steroid treatment. The 20 patients were in the control group where saline solution (0.9% NaCl) treatment was administered consisted of 12 males and 8 females. Nasopharyngeal X-rays before treatment revealed that 25 patients were Grade 2 and 30 patients were Grade 3 according to the Fujioka method. Results: Flexible endoscopy performed before the treatment revealed that 20 patients were Grade 2, 11 patients were Grade 3 and 24 patients were Grade 4. Nasal endoscopies performed after 6 weeks of intranasal topical steroid therapy revealed that 45 patients were Grade 1 and 10 patients were Grade 2. A statistically significant difference was present between endoscopic grades before and after treatment (p < 0.0001). Nasal endoscopies performed after 6 weeks in control group receiving saline solution treatment revealed Grade 2 in 7 patients, Grade 3 in 10 patients and Grade 4 in 3 patients. There was no statistically significant difference between in the prior and later grades of the control group (p = 0.3125). Conclusions: We believe that the use of intranasal steroids (mometasone furoate) for 6 weeks in patients with pediatric chronic nasal obstruction due to adenoid hypertrophy may be an effective treatment modality in alleviating symptoms and decreasing adenoid volume without causing systemic side effects.

Aminoglycosides (AGs) have been widely used for potential life-threatening bacterial infections. Although AGs are well known for their ototoxic side effects, some AGs such as amikacin are considered less harmful to auditory functions; thus, auditory monitoring is mostly neglected during treatment with these drugs. To reflect the potential auditory hazards of repeated amikacin use on the patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). 32CF patients with prior exposure to at least 3 courses of amikacin (the CF group) and 35 non-CF patients visiting the outpatient clinic with any complaint other than hearing loss and no history of treatment with any AG(the control, or C group) were compared with pure-tone audiometry(PTA). The diagnosis of CF was made by Nanoduck sweat test. The average age of the participants were 8.25 ± 2.76 years in the CF group and 8.58 ± 2.00 years in the C group (ranging from 5 to 13 years). 29 (43.28%) of the cases were female and 38 (56.71%) were male. Clinical SNHL(sensorineural hearing loss) was detected in 4 of the 32 subjects in the CF group. None of the subjects in the C group exhibited clinical SNHL. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups with regard to presence or absence of clinical SNHL (p > 0.05). However, hearing levels of the CF group were around 20 dB(decibel) HL(hearing loss), whereas hearing levels of the C group were around 5 dB. This difference was statistically significant for the pure tone averages of both all frequencies and speech frequencies (p < 0.05). Repetitive exposure to AGs can cause permanent, although mild, sensorineural hearing loss. For prevention, hearing status of the patient should be closely monitored and treatment of choice should be precisely tailored according to the audiological evaluation. This is especially important in patients with CF who frequently experience medical conditions necessitating AGs use.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between nasal mucociliary clearance time (NMCT), degree of smoking dependence, cumulative smoking burden and OSAS severity in smokers. Material and methods: 123 patients (Group 1) with OSAS and 92 healthy controls (Group 2) were included in the study. Group 1 was divided into smokers (Group 1a) and non-smokers (Group 1b). In Group 1a, cumulative smoking burden and Fagerström nicotine dependence test (FNDT) were questioned. Saccharin test was applied to Groups 1 and 2. Student-t, Mann-Whitney-U, Anova, Kruskal-Wallis tests were used to compare the means. Results: NMCT was higher in Group 1 than Group 2 (p = 0.005). The duration of NMCT was higher in Group 1A than Group 1B (p = 0.002). In Group 1a, NMCT values of mild and moderate OSAS patients were longer than in Group 1b (p = 0.02, p = 0.01, respectively). NMCT values of patients with mild dependence were shorter than those with moderate or severe dependence (p = 0.032, p < 0.001, respectively). Conclusion: Mucociliary clearance time was higher in smokers with OSAS than non-smokers. While OSAS has a negative effect on mucociliary clearance, smoking also exacerbates the condition.

Objective: Elevated levels of serum IgE and eosinophilia are the indicators of atopy and intestinal parasitic infections. We evaluated the effect of Enterobius vermicularis infection (enterobiasis) on blood eosinophil count and IgE levels in allergic rhinitis. Methods: A total of 110 patients diagnosed with allergic rhinitis (with symptoms of rhinorrhea, itchy nose and nasal congestion) consisting of 41 (37.27%) males and 69 (62.73%) females were examined. Forty-one (37.27%) patients with enterobiasis were selected as the study group. The remaining 69 (62.73%) patients accepted as the control group.Results: In the study group the mean serum total IgE level and mean serum eosinophil count were 393.10 ± 159.83 IU/mL and 0.56 ± 0.04 103/mL, respectively. In the control group the mean serum total IgE level and mean serum eosinophil count were 236.91 ± 63.55 IU/mL and 0.37 ± 0.12 103/mL, respectively. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant for serum total IgE levels (p < 0.05) but not for serum eosinophil count (p > 0.05). The correlation coefficients between serum total IgE level and eosinophil count were statistically insignificant (p > 0.05).Conclusions: More comprehensive and long-term placebo-controlled studies should be performed in order to find the answer to the question of whether helminth infections play a role in allergic disease.

Choanal polyps are benign solitary masses, arising within the sinus and protruding into nasal cavity. The nomenclature is made according to the sinus that it is originated from. Sphenochoanal polyp (SCP) is quite rare, originates from sphenoid sinus, passes through the sphenoethmoid recess and elongates to nasopharynx and oropharynx. It may be confused with antrochoanal polyps on anterior rhinoscopy. Radiological examination with computerized tomography and nasal endoscopy are important in the differentiation of these two types of choanal polyps. Endoscopic approach for the complete removal of the SCP including its mucosa of the site of origin is extremely safe, which has minimal risk of recurrence. Herein we report a 30 years-old male patient with SCP, which was removed via endoscopic transnasal surgery. He had no recurrence at postoperative 9 months of follow-up. . J Clin Exp Invest 2015; 6 (2): 183-185 Key words: Nasal obstruction, nasal polyp, paranasal sinus disease, nasal surgical procedure