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The need for transit oriented development (TOD) around railway stations has been well accepted and continues to be needed in cities looking to regenerate both transit and urban development. Large parts of suburban areas remain without quality transit down main roads that are usually filled with traffic resulting in reduced urban value. The need to regenerate both the mobility and land development along such roads will likely be the next big agenda in transport and urban policy. This paper learns from century-old experiences in public–private approaches to railway-based urban development from around the world, along with innovative insights from the novel integration of historical perspectives, entrepreneurship theory and urban planning to create the notion of a “Transit Activated Corridor” (TAC). TACs prioritize fast transit and a string of station precincts along urban main roads. The core policy processes for a TAC are outlined with some early case studies. Five design principles for delivering a TAC are presented in this paper, three principles from entrepreneurship theory and two from urban planning. The potential for new mid-tier transit like trackless trams to enable TACs is used to illustrate how these design processes can be an effective approach for designing, financing and delivering a “Transit Activated Corridor”.
Peter Newman; Sebastian Davies-Slate; Daniel Conley; Karlson Hargroves; Mike Mouritz. From TOD to TAC: Why and How Transport and Urban Policy Needs to Shift to Regenerating Main Road Corridors with New Transit Systems. Urban Science 2021, 5, 52 .
AMA StylePeter Newman, Sebastian Davies-Slate, Daniel Conley, Karlson Hargroves, Mike Mouritz. From TOD to TAC: Why and How Transport and Urban Policy Needs to Shift to Regenerating Main Road Corridors with New Transit Systems. Urban Science. 2021; 5 (3):52.
Chicago/Turabian StylePeter Newman; Sebastian Davies-Slate; Daniel Conley; Karlson Hargroves; Mike Mouritz. 2021. "From TOD to TAC: Why and How Transport and Urban Policy Needs to Shift to Regenerating Main Road Corridors with New Transit Systems." Urban Science 5, no. 3: 52.
As the world comes to grips with the need to significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions, a range of questions are being asked about how to effectively transition economies to low carbon operation over the coming decades. A growing number of pressures are now being felt across a range of sectors to reduce emissions, in particular carbon-related fuel consumption, which is leading to autonomous emissions reduction efforts—typically ad hoc and business-led. However, in order to meet ambitious targets for the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions now set by the world’s largest economies a structural adjustment approach may be needed that is effectively underpinned and appropriately expedited at an economy-wide level. This chapter presents an introduction to key lessons from structural adjustment programmes to inform the low carbon transition, and in the absence of conditional lending requirements that have driven structural adjustment programmes the chapter considers how the willingness to adjust structures of the economy to deliver low carbon outcomes can be increased.
Karlson ‘Charlie’ Hargroves. Considering a Structural Adjustment Approach to the Low Carbon Transition. Hexagon Series on Human and Environmental Security and Peace 2016, 757 -773.
AMA StyleKarlson ‘Charlie’ Hargroves. Considering a Structural Adjustment Approach to the Low Carbon Transition. Hexagon Series on Human and Environmental Security and Peace. 2016; ():757-773.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKarlson ‘Charlie’ Hargroves. 2016. "Considering a Structural Adjustment Approach to the Low Carbon Transition." Hexagon Series on Human and Environmental Security and Peace , no. : 757-773.
In the 21st century, much of the world will experience untold wealth and prosperity that could not be conceived only some three centuries before. However as with most, if not all, of the human civilizations, increases in prosperity have accumulated significant environmental impacts that threaten to result in environmentally induced economic decline. A key part of the world's response to this challenge is to rapidly decarbonise economies, with options to achieve 60–80% improvements (i.e., in the order of Factor 5) in energy and water productivity now available and proven in every sector. Drawing upon the 2009 publication ‘Factor 5’, in this article we discuss how to realize such large‐scale improvements, involving complexity beyond technical and process innovation. We begin by considering the concept of greenhouse gas stabilization trajectories that include reducing current greenhouse gas emissions to achieve a ‘peaking’ of global emissions, and subsequent ‘tailing’ of emissions to the desired endpoint in ‘decarbonising’ the economy. Temporal priorities given to peaking and tailing have significant implications for the mix of decarbonising solutions and the need for government and market assistance in causing them to be implemented, requiring careful consideration upfront. Within this context, we refer to a number of examples of Factor 5 style opportunities for energy productivity and decarbonization, and then discuss the need for critical economic contributions to take such success from examples to central mechanisms in decarbonizing the global economy. WIREs Energy Environ 2016, 5:57–67. doi: 10.1002/wene.181 This article is categorized under: Energy and Climate > Economics and Policy Energy and Climate > Systems and Infrastructure
Karlson ‘Charlie’ Hargroves; Cheryl Desha; Ernst von Weisaecker. Introducing carbon structural adjustment: energy productivity and decarbonization of the global economy. WIREs Energy and Environment 2015, 5, 57 -67.
AMA StyleKarlson ‘Charlie’ Hargroves, Cheryl Desha, Ernst von Weisaecker. Introducing carbon structural adjustment: energy productivity and decarbonization of the global economy. WIREs Energy and Environment. 2015; 5 (1):57-67.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKarlson ‘Charlie’ Hargroves; Cheryl Desha; Ernst von Weisaecker. 2015. "Introducing carbon structural adjustment: energy productivity and decarbonization of the global economy." WIREs Energy and Environment 5, no. 1: 57-67.
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to consider how biophilic urbanism complements and potentially enhances approaches for the built environment profession to holistically integrate nature into cities. Urban nature – also referred to as urban greening and green infrastructure – has increasingly been considered from many perspectives to address challenges such as population pressures, climate change and resource shortages. Within this context, the authors highlight how “biophilic urbanism” complements and may enhance approaches and efforts for urban greening. Design/methodology/approach – The paper provides a review of existing literature in “urban nature” to clarify and discuss the concept of biophilic urbanism. Drawing on this literature review, the authors present a systematic clustering and scaling of “biophilic elements” that could facilitate responding to twenty-first century challenges. Findings – Biophilic urbanism can be applied at multiple scales in urban environments, through a range of multi-functional features that address the pervasive false dichotomy of urban development and environmental protection. Biophilic urbanism can complement urban greening efforts to enable a holistic approach, which is conducive to comprehensive, intentional and strategic urban greening. Originality/value – This paper situates the emerging concept of biophilic urbanism within existing research from multiple disciplines, providing insight for how this can be applied in practice, particularly to the topical challenge of “urban renewal”.
Angela Chenoweth Reeve; Cheryl Desha; Doug Hargreaves; Karlson 'Charlie' Hargroves. Biophilic urbanism: contributions to holistic urban greening for urban renewal. Smart and Sustainable Built Environment 2015, 4, 215 -233.
AMA StyleAngela Chenoweth Reeve, Cheryl Desha, Doug Hargreaves, Karlson 'Charlie' Hargroves. Biophilic urbanism: contributions to holistic urban greening for urban renewal. Smart and Sustainable Built Environment. 2015; 4 (2):215-233.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAngela Chenoweth Reeve; Cheryl Desha; Doug Hargreaves; Karlson 'Charlie' Hargroves. 2015. "Biophilic urbanism: contributions to holistic urban greening for urban renewal." Smart and Sustainable Built Environment 4, no. 2: 215-233.
Contextual factors for sustainable development such as population growth, energy, and resource availability and consumption levels, food production yield, and growth in pollution, provide numerous complex and rapidly changing education and training requirements for a variety of professions including engineering. Furthermore, these requirements may not be clearly understood or expressed by designers, governments, professional bodies or the industry. Within this context, this paper focuses on one priority area for greening the economy through sustainable development—improving energy efficiency—and discusses the complexity of capacity building needs for professionals. The paper begins by acknowledging the historical evolution of sustainability considerations, and the complexity embedded in built environment solutions. The authors propose a dual-track approach to building capacity building, with a short-term focus on improvement (i.e., making peaking challenges a priority for postgraduate education), and a long-term focus on transformational innovation (i.e., making tailing challenges a priority for undergraduate education). A case study is provided, of Australian experiences over the last decade with regard to the topic area of energy efficiency. The authors conclude with reflections on implications for the approach.
Cheryl Desha; Karlson 'Charlie' Hargroves. A Peaking and Tailing Approach to Education and Curriculum Renewal for Sustainable Development. Sustainability 2014, 6, 4181 -4199.
AMA StyleCheryl Desha, Karlson 'Charlie' Hargroves. A Peaking and Tailing Approach to Education and Curriculum Renewal for Sustainable Development. Sustainability. 2014; 6 (7):4181-4199.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCheryl Desha; Karlson 'Charlie' Hargroves. 2014. "A Peaking and Tailing Approach to Education and Curriculum Renewal for Sustainable Development." Sustainability 6, no. 7: 4181-4199.
Karlson 'Charlie' Hargroves; Michael H. Smith; Chris Page; Caroline Plunkett; Gerry Gillespie; Alexis Nelson; Dora Marinova; David Annandale; John Phillimore. Waste Streams to Value Streams. The International Handbook on Environmental Technology Management 2013, 1 .
AMA StyleKarlson 'Charlie' Hargroves, Michael H. Smith, Chris Page, Caroline Plunkett, Gerry Gillespie, Alexis Nelson, Dora Marinova, David Annandale, John Phillimore. Waste Streams to Value Streams. The International Handbook on Environmental Technology Management. 2013; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKarlson 'Charlie' Hargroves; Michael H. Smith; Chris Page; Caroline Plunkett; Gerry Gillespie; Alexis Nelson; Dora Marinova; David Annandale; John Phillimore. 2013. "Waste Streams to Value Streams." The International Handbook on Environmental Technology Management , no. : 1.
This paper aims to present key findings from an inquiry into engineering accreditation and curricula renewal. The research attempted to ascertain conceptions of requisite sustainability themes among engineering academics and professionals. The paper also reflects on the potential role of professional engineering institutions (PEIs) in embedding sustainability through their programme accreditation guidelines and wider implications in terms of rapid curricula renewal. This research comprised an International Engineering Academic Workshop held during the 2010 International Symposium on Engineering Education in Ireland, on “accreditation and sustainable engineering”. This built on the findings of a literature review that was distributed prior to the workshop. Data collection included individual questionnaires administered during the workshop, and notes scribed by workshop participants. The literature review highlighted a wide range of perspectives across and within engineering disciplines, regarding what sustainability/sustainable development (SD) themes should be incorporated into engineering curricula, and regarding language and terminology. This was also reflected in the workshop discussions. Notwithstanding this diversity, clusters of sustainability themes and priority considerations were distilled from the literature review and workshop. These related to resources, technology, values, ethics, inter‐ and intra‐generational equity, transdisciplinarity, and systems and complex thinking. Themes related to environmental and economic knowledge and skills received less attention by workshop participants than represented in the literature. This paper provides an appreciation of the diversity of opinion regarding priority sustainability themes for engineering curricula, among a group of self‐selected engineering academics who have a common interest in education for SD. It also provides some insights and caveats on how these themes might be rapidly integrated into engineering curricula.
Edmond P. Byrne; Cheryl J. Desha; John J. Fitzpatrick; Karlson “Charlie” Hargroves. Exploring sustainability themes in engineering accreditation and curricula. International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education 2013, 14, 384 -403.
AMA StyleEdmond P. Byrne, Cheryl J. Desha, John J. Fitzpatrick, Karlson “Charlie” Hargroves. Exploring sustainability themes in engineering accreditation and curricula. International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education. 2013; 14 (4):384-403.
Chicago/Turabian StyleEdmond P. Byrne; Cheryl J. Desha; John J. Fitzpatrick; Karlson “Charlie” Hargroves. 2013. "Exploring sustainability themes in engineering accreditation and curricula." International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education 14, no. 4: 384-403.
Peter Stansinoupolos; Michael Smith; Karlson 'Charlie' Hargroves; Cheryl Desha. Whole System Design. Whole System Design 2013, 1 .
AMA StylePeter Stansinoupolos, Michael Smith, Karlson 'Charlie' Hargroves, Cheryl Desha. Whole System Design. Whole System Design. 2013; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StylePeter Stansinoupolos; Michael Smith; Karlson 'Charlie' Hargroves; Cheryl Desha. 2013. "Whole System Design." Whole System Design , no. : 1.
Pauline Deutz; Matthew Himley; Michael Smith; Karlson 'Charlie' Hargroves; Cheryl Desha. Cents and sustainability: a panel on sustainable growth, politics and scholarship. The Geographical Journal 2011, 178, 188 -192.
AMA StylePauline Deutz, Matthew Himley, Michael Smith, Karlson 'Charlie' Hargroves, Cheryl Desha. Cents and sustainability: a panel on sustainable growth, politics and scholarship. The Geographical Journal. 2011; 178 (2):188-192.
Chicago/Turabian StylePauline Deutz; Matthew Himley; Michael Smith; Karlson 'Charlie' Hargroves; Cheryl Desha. 2011. "Cents and sustainability: a panel on sustainable growth, politics and scholarship." The Geographical Journal 178, no. 2: 188-192.
Cents and Sustainability is a clear-sighted response to the 1987 call by Dr Gro Brundtland in Our Common Future to achieve a new era of economic growth that is 'forceful and at the same time socially and environmentally sustainable'. The Brundtland Report argued that not only was it achievable, but that it was an urgent imperative in order to achieve a transition to sustainable development while significantly reducing poverty and driving 'clean and green' investment. With some still arguing for significantly slowing economic growth in order to reduce pressures on the environment, this new book, Cents and Sustainability, shows that it is possible to reconcile the need for economic growth and environmental sustainability through a strategy to decouple economic growth from environmental pressures, combined with a renewed commitment to achieve significant environmental restoration and poverty reduction. Beginning with a brief overview of some of the most pressing environmental challenges of our time, the book then explains 'decoupling theory', overviews a number of factors that can undermine and even block efforts to decouple in both developed and developing countries, and then discusses a number of key considerations to assist the development of national 'decoupling strategies'. The book then focuses on presenting evidence to support greater action, not just on climate change, but also on decoupling economic growth from the loss of biodiversity and the deterioration of natural systems, freshwater extraction, waste production, and air pollution. In the lead up to the 2012 United Nations Earth Summit and beyond, Cents and Sustainability will be a crucial guide to inform and assist nations to develop strategies to significantly reduce environmental pressures, strengthen their economy, create jobs and reduce poverty. 'I commend the team from The Natural Edge Project and their partners for undertaking to develop a response to 'Our Common Future' to mark its 20th anniversary.' Dr Gro Brundtland. Sequel to The Natural Advantage of Nations Published with The Natural Edge Project Cents and Sustainability is a clear-sighted response to the 1987 call by Dr Gro Brundtland in Our Common Future to achieve a new era of economic growth that is 'forceful and at the same time socially and environmentally sustainable'. The Brundtland Report argued that not only was it achievable, but that it was an urgent imperative in order to achieve a transition to sustainable development while significantly reducing poverty and driving 'clean and green' investment. With some still arguing for significantly slowing economic growth in order to reduce pressures on the environment, this new book, Cents and Sustainability, shows that it is possible to reconcile the need for economic growth and environmental sustainability through a strategy to decouple economic growth from environmental pressures, combined with a renewed commitment to achieve significant environmental restoration and poverty reduction. Beginning with a brief overview of some of the most pressing environmental challenges of our time, the book then explains 'decoupling theory', overviews a number of factors that can undermine and even block efforts to decouple in both developed and developing countries, and then discusses a number of key considerations to assist the development of national 'decoupling strategies'. The book then focuses on presenting evidence to support greater action, not just on climate change, but also on decoupling economic growth from the loss of biodiversity and the deterioration of natural systems, freshwater extraction, waste production, and air pollution. In the lead up to the 2012 United Nations Earth Summit and beyond, Cents and Sustainability will be a crucial guide to inform and assist nations to develop strategies to significantly reduce environmental pressures, strengthen their economy, create jobs and reduce poverty. 'I commend the team from The Natural Edge Project and their partners for undertaking to develop a response to 'Our Common Future' to mark its 20th anniversary.' Dr Gro Brundtland. Sequel to The Natural Advantage of Nations Published with The Natural Edge Project Cents and Sustainability is a clear-sighted response to the 1987 call by Dr Gro Brundtland in Our Common Future to achieve a new era of economic growth that is 'forceful and at the same time socially and environmentally sustainable'. The Brundtland Report argued that not only was it achievable, but that it was an urgent imperative in order to achieve a transition to sustainable development while significantly reducing poverty and driving 'clean and green' investment. With some still arguing for significantly slowing economic growth in order to reduce pressures on the environment, this new book, Cents and Sustainability, shows that it is possible to reconcile the need for economic growth and environmental sustainability through a strategy to decouple economic growth from environmental pressures, combined with a renewed commitment to achieve significant environmental restoration and poverty reduction. Beginning with a brief overview of some of the most pressing environmental challenges of our time, the book then explains 'decoupling theory', overviews a number of factors that can undermine and even block efforts to decouple in both developed and developing countries, and then discusses a number of key considerations to assist the development of national 'decoupling strategies'. The book then focuses on presenting evidence to support greater action, not just on climate change, but also on decoupling economic growth from the loss of biodiversity and the deterioration of natural systems, freshwater extraction, waste production, and air pollution. In the lead up to the 2012 United Nations Earth Summit and beyond, Cents and Sustainability will be a crucial guide to inform and assist nations to develop strategies to significantly reduce environmental pressures,...
Cheryl Desha; Karlson 'Charlie' Hargroves; Michael Harrison Smith. Cents and Sustainability. Cents and Sustainability 2010, 1 .
AMA StyleCheryl Desha, Karlson 'Charlie' Hargroves, Michael Harrison Smith. Cents and Sustainability. Cents and Sustainability. 2010; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCheryl Desha; Karlson 'Charlie' Hargroves; Michael Harrison Smith. 2010. "Cents and Sustainability." Cents and Sustainability , no. : 1.
This paper presents the method and results of a survey of 27 of the 33 Australian universities teaching engineering education in late 2007, undertaken by The Natural Edge Project (hosted by Griffith University and the Australian National University) and supported by the National Framework for Energy Efficiency. This survey aimed to ascertain the extent of energy efficiency (EE) education, and to identify preferred methods to assist in increasing the extent to which EE education is embedded in engineering curriculum. In this paper the context for the survey is supported by a summary of the key results from a variety of surveys undertaken over the last decade internationally. The paper concludes that EE education across universities and engineering disciplines in Australia is currently highly variable and ad hoc. Based on the results of the survey; this paper highlights a number of preferred options to support educators to embed sustainability within engineering programs, and future opportunities for monitoring EE, within the context of engineering education for sustainable development (EESD).
Cheryl J. Desha; Karlson (Charlie) Hargroves. Surveying the state of higher education in energy efficiency, in Australian engineering curriculum. Journal of Cleaner Production 2010, 18, 652 -658.
AMA StyleCheryl J. Desha, Karlson (Charlie) Hargroves. Surveying the state of higher education in energy efficiency, in Australian engineering curriculum. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2010; 18 (7):652-658.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCheryl J. Desha; Karlson (Charlie) Hargroves. 2010. "Surveying the state of higher education in energy efficiency, in Australian engineering curriculum." Journal of Cleaner Production 18, no. 7: 652-658.
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present the case for engineering departments to undertake rapid curriculum renewal (RCR) towards engineering education for sustainable development (EESD), to minimise the department's risk exposure to rapidly shifting industry requirements, government regulations and program accreditation. This paper then outlines a number of elements of RCR. Design/methodology/approach – This paper begins by proposing that Higher Education Institutions face a “time lag dilemma,” whereby the usual or “standard” curriculum renewal approach to embed new knowledge and skills within the curriculum may take too long, lagging behind industry, regulatory, and accreditation shifts. This paper then outlines a proposed RCR approach. This paper presents a number of preliminary “elements of RCR” formulated from a literature review of numerous existing but largely ad hoc examples of curriculum renewal within engineering and other discipline areas, together with the authors' experience in trialling the elements. Findings – This paper concludes that a strategically implemented process of curriculum renewal to EESD can help a department address its risk exposure to likely and impending shifts in industry, regulations and accreditation. A number of examples of implementing “elements of RCR” are emerging and this literature can inform a strategic approach to curriculum renewal. Practical implications – The aim of this paper is to highlight the potential risks and opportunities for engineering departments as they consider “how far” and “how fast” to proceed with curriculum renewal for EESD, along with providing an overview of a range of options for implementation. Originality/value – This paper fulfils an identified information/resources need.
Cheryl Desha; Karlson 'Charlie' Hargroves; Michael H. Smith. Addressing the time lag dilemma in curriculum renewal towards engineering education for sustainable development. International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education 2009, 10, 184 -199.
AMA StyleCheryl Desha, Karlson 'Charlie' Hargroves, Michael H. Smith. Addressing the time lag dilemma in curriculum renewal towards engineering education for sustainable development. International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education. 2009; 10 (2):184-199.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCheryl Desha; Karlson 'Charlie' Hargroves; Michael H. Smith. 2009. "Addressing the time lag dilemma in curriculum renewal towards engineering education for sustainable development." International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education 10, no. 2: 184-199.
Purpose – While a number of universities in Australia have embraced concepts such as project/problem-based learning and design of innovative learning environments for engineering education, there has been a lack of national guidance on including sustainability as a “critical literacy” into all engineering streams. This paper was presented at the 2004 International Conference on Engineering Education in Sustainable Development (EESD) in Barcelona, Spain, outlining a current initiative that is seeking to address the “critical literacy” dilemma. Design/methodology/approach – The paper presents the positive steps taken by Australia's peak engineering body, the Institution of Engineers Australia (EA), in considering accreditation requirements for university engineering courses and its responsibility to ensure the inclusion of sustainability education material. It then describes a current initiative called the “Engineering Sustainable Solutions Program – Critical Literacies for Engineers Portfolio” (ESSP-CL), which is being developed by The Natural Edge Project (TNEP) in partnership with EA and Unesco. Findings – Content for the module was gathered from around the world, drawing on research from the publication The Natural Advantage of Nations: Business Opportunities, Innovation, and Governance in the Twenty-first Century. Parts of the first draft of the ESSP-CL have been trialled at Griffith University, Queensland, Australia with first year environmental engineering students, in May 2004. Further trials are now proceeding with a number of other universities and organisations nationally and internationally. Practical implications – It is intended that ESSP-CL will be a valuable resource to universities, professional development activities or other education facilities nationally and internationally. Originality/value – This paper fulfils an identified information/resources need.
Cheryl J.K. Paten; Nicholas Palousis; Karlson Hargroves; Michael Smith; Karlson 'Charlie' Hargroves. Engineering sustainable solutions program. International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education 2005, 6, 265 -277.
AMA StyleCheryl J.K. Paten, Nicholas Palousis, Karlson Hargroves, Michael Smith, Karlson 'Charlie' Hargroves. Engineering sustainable solutions program. International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education. 2005; 6 (3):265-277.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCheryl J.K. Paten; Nicholas Palousis; Karlson Hargroves; Michael Smith; Karlson 'Charlie' Hargroves. 2005. "Engineering sustainable solutions program." International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education 6, no. 3: 265-277.