This paper presents the results of a series of pullout tests that were performed on Glass-fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) bars embedded in concrete, while providing a detailed report on the influence of various variables that impinge upon bond behavior, such as the surface characteristics and diameter of the bars, concrete strength, as well as the confined effect of stirrups. The Bertero-Popov-Eligehausen (BPE) and Cosenza-Manfredi-Realfonzo (CMR) models analyzed the bond stress (τ)–slip (s) relationship between GFRP bar and stirrups-confined concrete. The tests results indicate that when the bond failure interface only occurs on the surface of a GFRP bar, the bond strength is not dependent upon the concrete strength. Moreover, the results indicate that in comparison to specimens without stirrups, their stirrup-containing counterparts are more prone to pullout failure with greater ductility and higher bond strength and corresponding slip. The BPE and CMR models are able to investigate the τ-s relationship between GFRP bars and the stirrups-confined concrete with accuracy. With the experimental data, the specific parameters in the models classified by surface characteristics have been suggested.

Tuned mass dampers (TMD) have been widely used in passive vibration control, but their main disadvantage is that the vibration reduction effect may be greatly affected by the natural frequency of the main structure. In order to solve this limitation, we designed a frequency adjustable tuned mass damper (FATMD) based on a magneto rheological elastomer (MRE), which is a new type of magneto rheological smart material, with adjustable stiffness, obtained by changing the magnetic induction. We used MRE to change the stiffness of FATMD to track the natural frequency of the main structure. However, adding TMD will change the natural frequency of the system. Therefore, we combined Hilbert–Huang transform (HHT) and a natural excitation technique (NExT), with Simulink/dSPACE, to identify the natural frequency of the system in real time, and then calculated the natural frequency of the main structure through the TMD optimal design theory. This can help adjust FATMD to its optimum tuning state. To verify the applicability and effectiveness of FATMD, this paper compares the FATMD and traditional TMD experimental results. The natural frequency of steel beams can be changed by adding mass blocks. The experimental results indicate that FATMD, using the frequency tracking method, can effectively track the natural frequency of the main structure to ensure that the system is always in the optimum tuning state. In addition, FATMD can still achieve a good vibration reduction effect when the natural frequency of the main structure changes.

As a semi-active control device, the magnetorheological (MR) damper has received much praise for its great controllability, quick response, and lower input power. However, the problem of liquid leakage arises after its long-term service, severely affecting its performance and service life. To solve this problem, this paper proposes fully vulcanizing and consolidating viscoelastic material, the cylinder barrel and the piston rod, which replaces the traditional dynamic seal with a static seal, and developing a new leak-proof MR damper. Considering that viscoelastic material has a certain energy dissipation and fluid-structure interaction with MR fluid, the correction factor of the pressure gradient is introduced to establish the mechanical model of the leak-proof MR damper which is to be tested. The testing result shows that warpage deformation of viscoelastic material weakens the damping force of the MR damper and the weakening effect increases with current intensity. Given the influence of current intensity on the correction factor, the complete mechanical model of the leak-proof MR damper is obtained on the basis of the verified model. Through the comparison between the theoretical calculation curve and the test curve, the revised mechanical model is found to well reflect the mechanical properties of the leak-proof MR damper.

A conventional method to study the durability of Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) rebars is to carry out tensile tests on the corroded GFRP bars. The degree of corrosion of the GFRP bars could be quantified based on the measured ultimate tensile strength and the calculated strength reduction. However, it is difficult to directly monitor the reduction in tensile strength of the GFRP rebars that are embedded in concrete; therefore, this method cannot be implemented in real engineering practices. This study presents the reduction in elastic modulus of the GFPR rebars by real-time monitoring of the strain of the GFRP rebars, and then establishes the degradation model of the elastic modulus for the GFRP rebars in an alkaline corrosion environment. Therefore, the relationship between tensile strength and elastic modulus of GFRP rebars is proposed and verified by the experimental data obtained from the literature. The results show that it is feasible to use the Arrhenius equation to simulate the degradation model of the elastic modulus of the GFRP rebars. Thus, the tensile strength of the GFPR rebars can be related to its elastic modulus. Using the proposed relationship, the durability of GFRP rebars can be predicted by real-time monitoring of the elastic modulus of the GFRP rebars.

Macro fiber composite (MFC) is a new type of high-performance smart piezoelectric material with an ultrathin section, which is used to decrease vibration and the noise of plate and shell structures due to high output and good flexibility. At present, the classical plate theory (CPT) has been adopted to study actuation performance of MFC. It does not consider shear deformation of an MFC integrated plate structure and cannot obtain the actuation force distribution of MFC, so that the accurate exerting position of the actuation force cannot be obtained. To solve this problem, this paper proposes that the third order shear deformation theory (TSDT) should be used to deduce the MFC actuation force formula which considers shear deformation of the MFC integrated plate structure and introduces a local displacement distribution function to ensure that the adhered interface between the MFC and the plate satisfy deformation compatibility and stress balance. Consider the end displacement calculation of an MFC integrated beam structure, for example. The comparison among the MFC actuation force formula based on TSDT, the MFC actuation force formula based on CPT, and the MFC integrated beam experiment indicates that the first can obtain higher calculation accuracy. On the basis of studying the MFC actuation force formula, the actuation simulation calculation of the plate by MFC is performed through making MFC equivalent to the actuation force and bending moment acting on plate structure to carry out the actuation experiment of an MFC integrated plate structure under the actuation of harmonic voltage of different amplitude values. The result shows that the experiment well matches the acceleration time history of simulation.

Due to the difficulty in adopting the conventional centralized control method for seismic response control of high-rise buildings with complex structures and large sizes, the decentralized control method is applied. The challenge is that the control model of the high-rise structure divided into multiple subsystems changes as large nonlinear deformation under strong earthquakes. Therefore, with an application of the long short-term memory neural network, the long short-term memory intelligent decentralized control method is proposed for seismic response control of high-rise buildings. On the basis of the decentralized control theory for high-rise buildings, a long short-term memory network deep-learning framework is established to construct different types of decentralized controllers, and to determine the sufficient conditions for the stability of the decentralized controllers using the Lyapunov stability theory. The long short-term memory intelligent decentralized control system of a 20-story benchmark building mode is simulated, and its fault tolerance is studied. The simulation results show that the decentralized control method can reduce the complexity of the structure model by dividing the high-rise building structure into multiple subsystems. Compared with the centralized control method, the long short-term memory intelligent decentralized control method can effectively avoid the overall failure of the control system. The long short-term memory intelligent decentralized control method can still have a satisfactory performance under sensor noise and control devices failures. This verifies that the long short-term memory intelligent decentralized control system has a better fault tolerance and can provide an innovative solution for the decentralized control of high-rise buildings.