To clarify the impact of coking industry activities on the soil-groundwater Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) occurrence, a typical coking site in Shanxi Province was taken as the study area, and soil and groundwater samples were collected to analyze the pollution level, composition, and distribution of PAHs in soil-groundwater. The sources of PAHs in the study area were identified based on the positive matrix decomposition model (PMF); the health risks of PAHs were calculated based on the carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health risk model from the Technical Guidelines for Risk Assessment of Soil Pollution for Construction Land (HJ 25.3-2019) and toxicity equivalent quantity (TEQ). The results showed that ∑PAHs of soil ranged from 0 to 6077.7 mg/kg, with an average value of 198.02 mg/kg; ∑PAHs of groundwater ranged from 0 to 18.30 mg/L, with an average value of 9.39 mg/L. In horizontal distribution, ∑PAH content and types in the tar processing area were much higher than those in the surrounding area, and PAHs might migrate to the southwest through infiltration; in vertical distribution, ∑PAH content reached a peak at 5 m underground. According to the PMF model results, four primary sources of ∑PAHs were identified, which were the coking production source (55.0%), coal and petroleum combustion source (22.6%), atmospheric deposition source (13.1%) and residents living source (9.3%). The total average ∑PAH carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health risks of soil in the study area were 7.05 × 10⁻⁶ and 0.695; the average TEQ_{BaP−∑PAHs} was 1.650 mg·TEQ/g; as for groundwater, they were 3.08 × 10⁻⁶ and 32.04; the average TEQ_{BaP−∑PAHs} was 9.390 μg·TEQ/L, indicating that PAHs both in soil and groundwater had potential health risks. This study provides a basis for the same coking site type for pollution control, secondary utilization, and data support for future site restoration.

Bisphenols are endocrine disruptors that are characterized with bioaccumulation, persistence, and estrogenic activity. Even low contents of bisphenols can exert adverse effects on human health and the ecological environment. Herein, a method combining accelerated solvent extraction and solid-phase extraction purification with ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was developed for the accurate detection of bisphenol A (BPA), bisphenol B (BPB), bisphenol F (BPF), bisphenol S (BPS), bisphenol Z (BPZ), bisphenol AF (BPAF), and bisphenol AP (BPAP) in sediments. The mass spectrometric parameters of the seven bisphenols were optimized, and the response values, separation effects, and chromatographic peak shapes of the target compounds were compared under three different mobile phase conditions. The sediment samples were pretreated by accelerated solvent extraction, and orthogonal tests were used to optimize the extraction solvent, extraction temperature, and cycle number. The results showed that the use of 0.05% (v/v) ammonia and acetonitrile as the mobile phase for gradient elution could rapidly separate the seven bisphenols on an Acquity UPLC BEH C₁₈ column (100 mm×2.1 mm, 1.7 μm). The gradient program was as follows: 0-2 min, 60%A; 2-6 min, 60%A-40%A; 6-6.5 min, 40%A; 6.5-7 min, 40%A-60%A; 7-8 min, 60%A. Orthogonal experiments indicated that the optimal extraction conditions were as follows: extraction solvent of acetonitrile, extraction temperature of 100 ℃, and cycle number of three. The seven bisphenols showed good linearity in the range of 1.0-200 μg/L, with correlation coefficients (r²) greater than 0.999, and the limits of detection were 0.01-0.3 ng/g. The recoveries for the seven bisphenols ranged from 74.9% to 102.8% at three spiking levels (2.0, 10, 20 ng/g), with relative standard deviations ranging from 6.2% to 10.3%. The established method was applied to detect the seven bisphenols in sediment samples collected from Luoma Lake and its inflow rivers. BPA, BPB, BPF, BPS, and BPAF were detected in the sediments of the lake, and BPA, BPF, and BPS were detected in the sediments of its inflow rivers. The detection frequency of BPA and BPF was 100%, and the contents of these bisphenols in the sediment were 11.9-38.0 ng/g and 11.0-27.3 ng/g, respectively. The developed method is simple, rapid with high accuracy and precision, and is suitable for the determination of the seven bisphenols in sediment.

In order to describe the changes of soil temperature field, air flow field and remediation situation with time during the process of thermally enhanced SVE (soil vapor extraction), a remediation experiment of benzene contaminated soil with single extraction pipe was carried out in a box device. The results showed that the whole temperature of the system was raised to 80 °C in 4 h. 43% of benzene were removed in the first 2% of the extraction time. After 24 h, the repair efficiency was close to 100%. The device can efficiently remove benzene from soil. By continuously monitoring the parameters in the operation process of the system, the spatial distribution of temperature and soil gas pollutant concentration with time was plotted. It showed the benzene concentration distribution in the soil gas was more consistent with the temperature distribution before the start of ventilation, and the concentration of benzene in the soil gas dropped rapidly after ventilation, while the temperature distribution was almost unaffected. In the treatment of soil with a benzene content of 17.8 mg∙kg⁻¹, when the soil gas benzene concentration is the highest at 180 min, the peak value is 11,200 mg∙m⁻³, and the average concentration is 7629.4 mg∙m⁻³.