Tick control is a priority in order to prevent the transmission of vector-borne diseases. Industrial chemical acaricides and repellents have been the most efficient tools against hard ticks for a long time. However, the appearance of resistances has meant the declining effectiveness of the chemicals available on the market. The trend today is to develop alternative control methods using natural products to replace nonefficient pesticides and to preserve the efficient ones, hoping to delay resistance development. Traditional in vitro evaluation of acaricidal activity or resistance to synthetic pesticides have been reviewed and they mainly focus on just one species, the one host tick (Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus (Acari: Ixodidae)). Recent reports have called for the standardization of natural product components, extraction techniques, and experimental design to fully discover their acaricidal potential. This study reviews the main variables used in the bibliography about the efficiency of natural products against ticks, and it proposes a unification of variables relating to ticks, practical development of bioassays, and estimation of ixodicidal activity.

In many countries of Mediterranean area, abattoirs are not equipped with incinerators. This led us to find an alternative that may be the freezing of organs before they are thrown into landfills. In this sense, the aim of this study was to evaluate the scolicidal effect of refrigeration at 4°C and freezing at –18°C. Different refrigeration times (24 and 48 h) and freezing times (3, 6, and 9 h) have been used in triplicate. Refrigeration at 4°C was not sufficient to completely kill protoscolex. For 24 h, the mortality rate did not exceed 44.44%. After 48 h, mortality rates varied from 20.13% to 65.49%. The freezing at –18 °C for 3 h remained insufficient to kill all protoscoleces although the mortality rate increased to 87.28%. However, freezing at –18 °C for 6 and 9 h has been found to be very effective in killing all protoscoleces present in the hydatid liquids. The present study demonstrates that freezing organs seized for hydatidosis at –18°C for at least 6 h may be an alternative to incineration and will sterilize hydatid cysts before they are dumped. Keywords: Freezing, Hydatidosis, Scolicidal, Slaughterhouse.

Sarcosporidiosis is a common parasitic disease due to protozoa of the Sarcocystis genera. This study, conducted in the Tiaret region of Algeria from September 2018 to April 2019, aimed to determine the global frequency of macrocyst esophageal localization, identify risk factors such as sex and age, and conduct a histopathological study to identify the involved species. The infestation’s global frequency was 22.77%, the majority of which were sheep over 3 years of age. The female was the most infested compared to the males at 25.13% against 12.20%; the degree of infestation was important at 9.31 cysts per infested case. The histopathological study revealed that S. gigantea, whose definitive host is cat, was the causative species of macroscopic Sarcosporidiosis. However, another species with a microscopic character has been revealed during this study; it’s S. tenella. The association between the two species was 31%. To conclude, more control is needed in order to reduce this infection in the study region through the destruction of seizures at the slaughterhouse level and hygiene at the farm level.

Equine parascarosis is a Worldwide endoparasitosis, caused by Parascaris spp., affecting mainly younger horses. This disease is considered as the most pathogenic parasitosis of young horses. In Algeria, no knowledge of the resistance of Parascaris spp. to Ivermectin is published. For this reason, the present study aims to evaluate the frequency of Parascaris spp. and the anthelmintic efficacy of Ivermectin and Fenbendazole against this parasite in a foal population in Tiaret, Algeria. Ninety–one foals were examined for the presence of Parascaris spp. from two stud farms. Among the positive, thirty–two faols were treated with Ivermectin formulations (Ivoral® and Eqvalan®) and Fenbendazole (Funcur®) at their recommended dosages. Fecal egg count reduction testing (FECRT) was used to determine the efficacy of each anthelmintic. Parascaris spp. was detected in 61 foals (67.03%). Decreased efficacy (reduction of Parascaris spp. fecal egg counts by less than 90%) was found for the two Ivermectin formulations (46.45% for Ivoral® and 70.29% for Eqvalan®). Nevertheless, fenbendazole showed 100% efficacy in all foals sampled in this study. These first data indicate that Ivermectin–resistant Parascaris spp. populations are present on horse farms in Algeria. Findings from this study can be used to create a more sustainable approach for parasite control programs.

This study aimed to determine luteinizing hormone preovulatory release, follicular dynamics, and ovulation in Arbia breed goats. Estrus was induced during the non-breeding season using progesterone, pregnant mare serum gonadotropin, and prostaglandin. Blood samples and ovarian transrectal ultrasound scanning were performed to determine luteinizing hormone concentrations, follicular growth, and ovulation. Luteinizing hormone values ranged between 0.00 and 3.85 ng mL-1. The average preovulatory luteinizing hormone peak was 2.40 Å} 1.39 ng mL-1 approximately at 27.81 Å} 4.19 hours after sponge removal. All females showed a preovulatory luteinizing hormone peak, with 81.82% of them between 24 and 30 hours after sponge removal. According to the ultrasonographic studies, the total mean follicular diameter ranged from 4.54 Å} 1.17 mm up to 11.6 Å} 0.56 mm at 0 and 48 hours after sponge removal, respectively. However, ovulation occurred between 30 and 36 hours after the hormonal induction protocol in 9 goats (81.8%), observing a mean preovulatory follicular diameter of 9.51 Å} 0.93 mm. The interval between the preovulatory luteinizing hormone peak and ovulation was 9.27 Å} 5.60 hours. It is concluded that preovulatory luteinizing hormone peak in Arbia goats occurred as early as 24–30 hours after sponge removal. Surprisingly, the interval between the luteinizing hormone peak and ovulation was shorter (9 hours) than that of the goat breeds studied so far, indicating that artificial insemination protocols should be specifically adjusted for this breed. Cite this article as: Amrane, A. A., Belhamiti, B. T., Selles, S. M. A., Kouidri, M., Chogueur, O., Díaz, A. T., Velázquez, R. G., & Moreno, J. S. (2026). The timing of the preovulatory luteinizing hormone surge, follicular dynamics and ovulation time observed with ultrasonography in Arbia goats. Acta Veterinaria Eurasia, 52, 0075, doi: 10.5152/actavet.2026.26075.