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The Vitaceae Juss., in the basal lineages of Rosids, contains sixteen genera and 950 species, mainly of tropical lianas. The family has been divided in five tribes: Ampelopsideae, Cisseae, Cayratieae, Parthenocisseae and Viteae. Seed shape is variable in this family. Based on new models derived from equations representing heart and water drop curves, we describe seed shape in species of the Vitaceae. According to their similarity to geometric models, the seeds of the Vitaceae have been classified in ten groups. Three of them correspond to models before described and shared with the Arecaceae (lenses, superellipses and elongated water drops), while in the seven groups remaining, four correspond to general models (waterdrops, heart curves, elongated heart curves and other elongated models) and three adjust to the silhouettes of seeds in particular genera (heart curves of Cayratia and Pseudocayratia, heart curves of the Squared Heart Curve (SqHC) type of Ampelocissus and Ampelopsis and Elongated Superellipse-Heart Curves (ESHCs), frequent in Tetrastigma species and observed also in Cissus species and Rhoicissus rhomboidea). The utilities of the application of geometric models for seed description and shape quantification in this family are discussed.
Emilio Cervantes; José Javier Martín-Gómez; Diego Gutiérrez del Pozo; Ángel Tocino. Seed Geometry in the Vitaceae. Plants 2021, 10, 1695 .
AMA StyleEmilio Cervantes, José Javier Martín-Gómez, Diego Gutiérrez del Pozo, Ángel Tocino. Seed Geometry in the Vitaceae. Plants. 2021; 10 (8):1695.
Chicago/Turabian StyleEmilio Cervantes; José Javier Martín-Gómez; Diego Gutiérrez del Pozo; Ángel Tocino. 2021. "Seed Geometry in the Vitaceae." Plants 10, no. 8: 1695.
Ampelography, the botanical discipline dedicated to the identification and classification of grapevine cultivars, was grounded on the description of morphological characters and more recently is based on the application of DNA polymorphisms. New methods of image analysis may help to optimize morphological approaches in ampelography. The objective of this study was the classification of representative cultivars of Vitis vinifera conserved in the Spanish collection of IMIDRA according to seed shape. Thirty eight cultivars representing the diversity of this collection were analyzed. A consensus seed silhouette was defined for each cultivar representing the geometric figure that better adjusted to their seed shape. All the cultivars tested were classified in ten morphological groups, each corresponding to a new model. The models are geometric figures defined by equations and similarity to each model is evaluated by quantification of percent of the area shared by the two figures, the seed and the model (J index). The comparison of seed images with geometric models is a rapid and convenient method to classify cultivars. A large proportion of the collection may be classified according to the new models described and the method permits to find new models according to seed shape in other cultivars.
Emilio Cervantes; José Martín-Gómez; Francisco Espinosa-Roldán; Gregorio Muñoz-Organero; Ángel Tocino; Félix Cabello-Sáenz de Santamaría. Seed Morphology in Key Spanish Grapevine Cultivars. Agronomy 2021, 11, 734 .
AMA StyleEmilio Cervantes, José Martín-Gómez, Francisco Espinosa-Roldán, Gregorio Muñoz-Organero, Ángel Tocino, Félix Cabello-Sáenz de Santamaría. Seed Morphology in Key Spanish Grapevine Cultivars. Agronomy. 2021; 11 (4):734.
Chicago/Turabian StyleEmilio Cervantes; José Martín-Gómez; Francisco Espinosa-Roldán; Gregorio Muñoz-Organero; Ángel Tocino; Félix Cabello-Sáenz de Santamaría. 2021. "Seed Morphology in Key Spanish Grapevine Cultivars." Agronomy 11, no. 4: 734.
Ampelography, the botanical discipline dedicated to the identification and classification of grapevine cultivars, was grounded on the description of morphological characters and more recently is based on the application of DNA polymorphisms. New methods of image analysis may help to optimize morphological approaches in ampelography. The objective of this study was the classification of representative cultivars of Vitis vinifera conserved in the Spanish collection of IMIDRA according to seed shape. Thirty eight cultivars representing the diversity of this collection were analyzed. A consensus seed silhouette was defined for each cultivar representing the geometric figure that better adjusted to their seed shape. All the cultivars tested were classified in ten morphological groups, each corresponding to a new model. The models are geometric figures defined by equations and similarity to each model is evaluated by quantification of percent of the area shared by the two figures, the seed and the model (J index). The comparison of seed images with geometric models is a rapid and convenient method to classify cultivars. A large proportion of the collection may be classified according to the new models described and the method permits to find new models according to seed shape in other cultivars.
Emilio Cervantes; José Javier Martín-Gómez; Francisco Emmanuel Espinosa Roldán; Gregorio Muñoz Organero; Ángel Tocino; Félix Cabello Sáenz de Santamaría. Seed Morphology in Key Spanish Grapevine Cultivars. 2021, 1 .
AMA StyleEmilio Cervantes, José Javier Martín-Gómez, Francisco Emmanuel Espinosa Roldán, Gregorio Muñoz Organero, Ángel Tocino, Félix Cabello Sáenz de Santamaría. Seed Morphology in Key Spanish Grapevine Cultivars. . 2021; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleEmilio Cervantes; José Javier Martín-Gómez; Francisco Emmanuel Espinosa Roldán; Gregorio Muñoz Organero; Ángel Tocino; Félix Cabello Sáenz de Santamaría. 2021. "Seed Morphology in Key Spanish Grapevine Cultivars." , no. : 1.
Seed description in morphology is often based on adjectives such as “spherical”, “globular”, or “reniform”, but this does not provide a quantitative method. A new morphological approach based on the comparison of seed images with geometric models provides a seed description in Silene species on a quantitative basis. The novelty of the proposed method is based in the comparison of the seed images with geometric models according to a cardioid shape. The J index is a measurement that indicates the seed percentage of similarity with a cardioid or cardioid-derived figures used as models. The seeds of Silene species have high values of similarity with the cardioid and cardioid-derived models (J index superior to 90). The comparison with different figures allows species description and differentiation. The method is applied here to seeds of 21 species and models are proposed for some of them including S. diclinis, an endangered species. The method is discussed in the context of previous comparison with the measures used in traditional morphometric analysis. The similarity of seed images with geometric figures opens a new perspective for the automatized taxonomical evaluation of samples linking seed morphology to functional traits in endangered Silene species.
José Javier Martín-Gómez; Agnieszka Rewicz; José Luis Rodríguez-Lorenzo; Bohuslav Janoušek; Emilio Cervantes. Seed Morphology in Silene Based on Geometric Models. Plants 2020, 9, 1787 .
AMA StyleJosé Javier Martín-Gómez, Agnieszka Rewicz, José Luis Rodríguez-Lorenzo, Bohuslav Janoušek, Emilio Cervantes. Seed Morphology in Silene Based on Geometric Models. Plants. 2020; 9 (12):1787.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJosé Javier Martín-Gómez; Agnieszka Rewicz; José Luis Rodríguez-Lorenzo; Bohuslav Janoušek; Emilio Cervantes. 2020. "Seed Morphology in Silene Based on Geometric Models." Plants 9, no. 12: 1787.
Fruit and seed shape are important characteristics in taxonomy providing information on ecological, nutritional, and developmental aspects, but their application requires quantification. We propose a method for seed shape quantification based on the comparison of the bi-dimensional images of the seeds with geometric figures. J index is the percent of similarity of a seed image with a figure taken as a model. Models in shape quantification include geometrical figures (circle, ellipse, oval…) and their derivatives, as well as other figures obtained as geometric representations of algebraic equations. The analysis is based on three sources: Published work, images available on the Internet, and seeds collected or stored in our collections. Some of the models here described are applied for the first time in seed morphology, like the superellipses, a group of bidimensional figures that represent well seed shape in species of the Calamoideae and Phoenix canariensis Hort. ex Chabaud. Oval models are proposed for Chamaedorea pauciflora Mart. and cardioid-based models for Trachycarpus fortunei (Hook.) H. Wendl. Diversity of seed shape in the Arecaceae makes this family a good model system to study the application of geometric models in morphology.
Diego Gutiérrez del Pozo; José Martín-Gómez; Ángel Tocino; Emilio Cervantes. Seed Geometry in the Arecaceae. Horticulturae 2020, 6, 64 .
AMA StyleDiego Gutiérrez del Pozo, José Martín-Gómez, Ángel Tocino, Emilio Cervantes. Seed Geometry in the Arecaceae. Horticulturae. 2020; 6 (4):64.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDiego Gutiérrez del Pozo; José Martín-Gómez; Ángel Tocino; Emilio Cervantes. 2020. "Seed Geometry in the Arecaceae." Horticulturae 6, no. 4: 64.
Morphometric methods based on artificial vision algorithms provide measurements for magnitudes descriptive of seed images (i.e., the length, width, area, and surface circularity index). Nevertheless, their results frequently omit the resemblance of the images to geometric figures that may be used as models. A complementary method based on the comparison of seed images with geometric models is applied to seeds of Vitis spp. The J index gives the percentage of similarity between a seed image and the model. Seven new geometric models are described based on the heart-shaped and piriform curves. Seeds of different species, subspecies and cultivars of Vitis adjust to different models. Models 1 and 3, the heart curve and the water drop, adjust better to seeds of V. amurensis, V. labrusca and V. rupestris than to V. vinifera. Model 6, the Fibonacci’s pear, adjusts well to seeds of V. vinifera, in general, and better to V. vinifera ssp. vinifera than to V. vinifera ssp. sylvestris. Seed morphology in species of Cissus and Parthenocissus, two relatives of Vitis in the Vitaceae, is also analysed. Geometric models are a tool for the description and identification of species and lower taxonomic levels complementing the results of morphometric analysis.
José Javier Martín-Gómez; Diego Gutiérrez Del Pozo; Mariano Ucchesu; Gianluigi Bacchetta; Félix Cabello Sáenz De Santamaría; Ángel Tocino; Emilio Cervantes. Seed Morphology in the Vitaceae Based on Geometric Models. Agronomy 2020, 10, 739 .
AMA StyleJosé Javier Martín-Gómez, Diego Gutiérrez Del Pozo, Mariano Ucchesu, Gianluigi Bacchetta, Félix Cabello Sáenz De Santamaría, Ángel Tocino, Emilio Cervantes. Seed Morphology in the Vitaceae Based on Geometric Models. Agronomy. 2020; 10 (5):739.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJosé Javier Martín-Gómez; Diego Gutiérrez Del Pozo; Mariano Ucchesu; Gianluigi Bacchetta; Félix Cabello Sáenz De Santamaría; Ángel Tocino; Emilio Cervantes. 2020. "Seed Morphology in the Vitaceae Based on Geometric Models." Agronomy 10, no. 5: 739.
Datasets containing information on seed size have been published and are currently available. Nevertheless, there is a lack in the literature of a dataset dedicated to seed shape. We present a preliminary version for a dataset on seed morphology based on a comparison of seed shape with geometric figures. Similarity of the outline of seed images with geometric models is considered as a basis to classify seeds according to the geometric figures they resemble (e.g., ellipse, oval, cardioid). This allows, first, the classification of plant species according to their geometric type of seed, and second, seed shape quantification. For each seed image, the percent of similarity of their outline with a geometric figure can be calculated as a J index. Similarity in absolute terms is considered only when the J index >90. This criterion is important to avoid ambiguity and increase discrimination. The dataset opens the possibility of studying the relationship between seed shape and other variables such as seed size, genome complexity, life form or adaptive responses.
Emilio Cervantes; José Javier Martín Gómez; Diego Gutiérrez del Pozo; Luís Silva Dias. An Angiosperm Species Dataset Reveals Relationships between Seed Size and Two-Dimensional Shape. Horticulturae 2019, 5, 71 .
AMA StyleEmilio Cervantes, José Javier Martín Gómez, Diego Gutiérrez del Pozo, Luís Silva Dias. An Angiosperm Species Dataset Reveals Relationships between Seed Size and Two-Dimensional Shape. Horticulturae. 2019; 5 (4):71.
Chicago/Turabian StyleEmilio Cervantes; José Javier Martín Gómez; Diego Gutiérrez del Pozo; Luís Silva Dias. 2019. "An Angiosperm Species Dataset Reveals Relationships between Seed Size and Two-Dimensional Shape." Horticulturae 5, no. 4: 71.
Modern methods of image analysis are based on the coordinates of the points making the silhouette of an image and allow the comparison between seed shape in different species and varieties. Nevertheless, these methods miss an important reference point because they do not take into consideration the similarity of seeds with geometrical figures. We propose a method based on the comparison of the bi-dimensional images of seeds with geometric figures. First, we describe six geometric figures that may be used as models for shape description and quantification and later on, we give an overview with examples of some of the types of seed morphology in angiosperms including families of horticultural plants and addressing the question of how is the distribution of seed shape in these families. The relationship between seed shape and other characteristics of plant species is discussed.
Emilio Cervantes; José Martín Gómez. Seed Shape Description and Quantification by Comparison with Geometric Models. Horticulturae 2019, 5, 60 .
AMA StyleEmilio Cervantes, José Martín Gómez. Seed Shape Description and Quantification by Comparison with Geometric Models. Horticulturae. 2019; 5 (3):60.
Chicago/Turabian StyleEmilio Cervantes; José Martín Gómez. 2019. "Seed Shape Description and Quantification by Comparison with Geometric Models." Horticulturae 5, no. 3: 60.
José Javier Martín Gómez. Análisis morfológico de las semillas mediante modelos basados en la curva cardioide. 2019, 1 .
AMA StyleJosé Javier Martín Gómez. Análisis morfológico de las semillas mediante modelos basados en la curva cardioide. . 2019; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJosé Javier Martín Gómez. 2019. "Análisis morfológico de las semillas mediante modelos basados en la curva cardioide." , no. : 1.
Modern automated and semi-automated methods of shape analysis depart from the coordinates of the points in the outline of a figure and obtain, based on artificial vision algorithms, descriptive parameters (i.e., the length, width, area, and circularity index). These methods omit an important factor: the resemblance of the examined images to a geometric figure. We have described a method based on the comparison of the outline of seed images with geometric figures. The J index is the percentage of similarity between a seed image and a geometric figure used as a model. This allows the description and classification of wheat kernels based on their similarity to geometric models. The figures used are the ellipse and the lens of different major/minor axis ratios. Kernels of different species, subspecies and varieties of wheat adjust to different figures. A relationship is found between their ploidy levels and morphological type. Kernels of diploid einkorn and ancient tetraploid emmer varieties adjust to the lens and have curvature values in their poles superior to modern “bread” varieties. Kernels of modern varieties (hexaploid common wheat) adjust to an ellipse of aspect ratio = 1.6, while varieties of tetraploid durum and Polish wheat and hexaploid spelt adjust to an ellipse of aspect ratio = 2.4.
José Javier Martín-Gómez; Agnieszka Rewicz; Klaudia Goriewa-Duba; Marian Wiwart; Ángel Tocino; Emilio Cervantes; Martín- Gómez; Goriewa- Duba. Morphological Description and Classification of Wheat Kernels Based on Geometric Models. Agronomy 2019, 9, 399 .
AMA StyleJosé Javier Martín-Gómez, Agnieszka Rewicz, Klaudia Goriewa-Duba, Marian Wiwart, Ángel Tocino, Emilio Cervantes, Martín- Gómez, Goriewa- Duba. Morphological Description and Classification of Wheat Kernels Based on Geometric Models. Agronomy. 2019; 9 (7):399.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJosé Javier Martín-Gómez; Agnieszka Rewicz; Klaudia Goriewa-Duba; Marian Wiwart; Ángel Tocino; Emilio Cervantes; Martín- Gómez; Goriewa- Duba. 2019. "Morphological Description and Classification of Wheat Kernels Based on Geometric Models." Agronomy 9, no. 7: 399.
Background and hypothesis: Castor bean (Ricinus communis) is spontaneous in Tunisia with a wide geographical distribution. To study seed morphology we introduced J index as the percent of similarity of seed images to an ovoid. Reduced seed size, J index and color intensity were observed in the population grown in the desert (Martín Gómez et al. 2016). Our objective is to analyze the variability in castor bean grown from seeds obtained from different geographic origins, to describe morphotypes and to find phenotypic parameters to select productive populations.Data description, mathematical model, study site and methods: Seeds collected from twelve populations in 12 Tunisian sites (4 bioclimatic regions) were sown in the experimental field of INRGREF in Gabes (Tunisia). After 10 months, morphological and agronomic characteristics of plants were measured. Morphological traits of seeds were analyzed.Results: Three groups were obtained. The first represented by a single population (northern Tunisia) is characterized by small leaves, large fruit, small seed and early flowering. The second group includes nine populations with intermediate values for fruit and seed dimensions. The third group characterized by reduced fruit length and elevated values of seed length and width. Seed yield varied between populations.Conclusions: Some features of seeds were maintained from the parental generation. Reduced size and color intensity with increased roundness values were maintained in the seeds of the Saharan region. J index values, reflecting the morphological similarity with an ovoid, increased in relation to the previous generation, in general as in particular in the seeds of the Saharan region.
Ezzeddine Saadaoui; José Javier Martín-Gómez; Naziha Ghazel; Kaouther Ben Yahia; Nizar Tlili; Emilio Cervantes. Genetic variation and seed yield in Tunisian castor bean (Ricinus communis L.). Botanical Sciences 2017, 95, 271 .
AMA StyleEzzeddine Saadaoui, José Javier Martín-Gómez, Naziha Ghazel, Kaouther Ben Yahia, Nizar Tlili, Emilio Cervantes. Genetic variation and seed yield in Tunisian castor bean (Ricinus communis L.). Botanical Sciences. 2017; 95 (2):271.
Chicago/Turabian StyleEzzeddine Saadaoui; José Javier Martín-Gómez; Naziha Ghazel; Kaouther Ben Yahia; Nizar Tlili; Emilio Cervantes. 2017. "Genetic variation and seed yield in Tunisian castor bean (Ricinus communis L.)." Botanical Sciences 95, no. 2: 271.
Hédia Hannachi; José Javier Martín Gómez; Ezzeddine Saadaoui; Emilio Cervantes. Stone diversity in wild and cultivated olive trees (Olea europaea L.). Dendrobiology 2017, 77, 19 -32.
AMA StyleHédia Hannachi, José Javier Martín Gómez, Ezzeddine Saadaoui, Emilio Cervantes. Stone diversity in wild and cultivated olive trees (Olea europaea L.). Dendrobiology. 2017; 77 ():19-32.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHédia Hannachi; José Javier Martín Gómez; Ezzeddine Saadaoui; Emilio Cervantes. 2017. "Stone diversity in wild and cultivated olive trees (Olea europaea L.)." Dendrobiology 77, no. : 19-32.
Ezzeddine Saadaoui; Jose Javier Martin Gomez; Nizar Tlili; Abdelhamid Khaldi; Emilio Cervantes. Effect of Climate in Seed Diversity of Wild Tunisian Rhus tripartita (Ucria) Grande. Journal of Advances in Biology & Biotechnology 2017, 13, 1 -10.
AMA StyleEzzeddine Saadaoui, Jose Javier Martin Gomez, Nizar Tlili, Abdelhamid Khaldi, Emilio Cervantes. Effect of Climate in Seed Diversity of Wild Tunisian Rhus tripartita (Ucria) Grande. Journal of Advances in Biology & Biotechnology. 2017; 13 (4):1-10.
Chicago/Turabian StyleEzzeddine Saadaoui; Jose Javier Martin Gomez; Nizar Tlili; Abdelhamid Khaldi; Emilio Cervantes. 2017. "Effect of Climate in Seed Diversity of Wild Tunisian Rhus tripartita (Ucria) Grande." Journal of Advances in Biology & Biotechnology 13, no. 4: 1-10.
Ezzeddine Saadaoui; José Javier Martín Gómez; Emilio Cervantes. INTRASPECIFIC VARIABILITY OF SEED MORPHOLOGY IN CAPPARIS SPINOSA L. Acta Biologica Cracoviensia s. Botanica 2013, 55, 1 .
AMA StyleEzzeddine Saadaoui, José Javier Martín Gómez, Emilio Cervantes. INTRASPECIFIC VARIABILITY OF SEED MORPHOLOGY IN CAPPARIS SPINOSA L. Acta Biologica Cracoviensia s. Botanica. 2013; 55 (2):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleEzzeddine Saadaoui; José Javier Martín Gómez; Emilio Cervantes. 2013. "INTRASPECIFIC VARIABILITY OF SEED MORPHOLOGY IN CAPPARIS SPINOSA L." Acta Biologica Cracoviensia s. Botanica 55, no. 2: 1.