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Panayotis Christidis
European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), 41092 Seville, Spain

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Journal article
Published: 28 June 2021 in Sustainability
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Teleworking and online shopping became commonplace during the COVID-19 pandemic and can be expected to maintain a strong presence in the foreseeable future. They can lead to significant changes in mobility patterns and transport demand. It is still unclear, however, how extensive their adoption can be, since each individual has different preferences or constraints. The overall impact on transport depends on which segments of the population will modify their behaviour and on what the substitutes to the current patterns will be. The purpose of this work is to identify the user profiles and spatial aspects that affect the adoption of teleworking and online shopping, and to explore the potential impact on transport demand. To that end, data from an EU-wide survey on mobility were analysed using a Machine Learning methodology. The results suggest that while the take up of the new work and consumption patterns is high on average, there are significant differences among countries and across different socio-economic profiles. Teleworking appears to have a high potential mainly in certain services sectors, affecting commuting patterns predominantly in large urban areas. Online shopping activity is more uniform across the population, although differences among countries and age groups may still be relevant. The findings of this work can be useful for the analysis of policies to encourage the uptake of new technologies in transport and mobility. They can be also a good reference point for future studies on the ex-post analysis of the impacts of the pandemic on mobility.

ACS Style

Juan López Soler; Panayotis Christidis; José Vassallo. Teleworking and Online Shopping: Socio-Economic Factors Affecting Their Impact on Transport Demand. Sustainability 2021, 13, 7211 .

AMA Style

Juan López Soler, Panayotis Christidis, José Vassallo. Teleworking and Online Shopping: Socio-Economic Factors Affecting Their Impact on Transport Demand. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (13):7211.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Juan López Soler; Panayotis Christidis; José Vassallo. 2021. "Teleworking and Online Shopping: Socio-Economic Factors Affecting Their Impact on Transport Demand." Sustainability 13, no. 13: 7211.

Journal article
Published: 03 June 2021 in Sustainability
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The expectations for post-COVID recovery of transport activity point towards a gradual return to normality, once the pandemic is under control and mobility restrictions end. The shock to society and economy has, however, caused a number of behavioural changes that can influence the evolution of the transport sector. We analyse the main factors that can influence future supply and demand and explore how they may affect trip generation, distribution and modal split in passenger transport. We combine several conventional and innovative data sources with a detailed strategic transport model at the EU level, in order to present quantitative estimates under various scenarios. New remote work patterns or personal risk avoidance attitudes can lead to increased levels of car ownership and use. Public policy priorities in the aftermath of the pandemic would need to address the emerging challenges and adopt measures that can sustain the shift to active travel, support public transport, railways and aviation and stimulate innovation in transport technologies and services.

ACS Style

Panayotis Christidis; Aris Christodoulou; Elena Navajas-Cawood; Biagio Ciuffo. The Post-Pandemic Recovery of Transport Activity: Emerging Mobility Patterns and Repercussions on Future Evolution. Sustainability 2021, 13, 6359 .

AMA Style

Panayotis Christidis, Aris Christodoulou, Elena Navajas-Cawood, Biagio Ciuffo. The Post-Pandemic Recovery of Transport Activity: Emerging Mobility Patterns and Repercussions on Future Evolution. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (11):6359.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Panayotis Christidis; Aris Christodoulou; Elena Navajas-Cawood; Biagio Ciuffo. 2021. "The Post-Pandemic Recovery of Transport Activity: Emerging Mobility Patterns and Repercussions on Future Evolution." Sustainability 13, no. 11: 6359.

Journal article
Published: 17 October 2020 in Environmental Modelling & Software
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This paper presents SHERPA-City, a web application to assess the potential of traffic measures to abate NO2 air pollution in cities. The application is developed by the Joint Research Centre. It is freely available (https://integrated-assessment.jrc.ec.europa.eu) and allows the user to perform a fast screening of possible NO2 abatement measures addressing traffic in European cities. SHERPA-City results depend on the quality of the default input data. It is therefore important to stress that the SHERPA-City default traffic flows, emission factors, fleet composition, road network topology, NO2 pollution from other sources and meteorological data are based on EU-wide datasets that may not always represent perfectly a particular local situation. This is why the SHERPA-City allows the default data to be substituted by local data, to better reflect local features. This tool must be considered as a first step in exploring options to abate NO2 air pollution through transport measures. The final decisions should be based, wherever possible, on full-scale modelling studies incorporating local knowledge.

ACS Style

B. Degraeuwe; E. Pisoni; P. Christidis; A. Christodoulou; P. Thunis. SHERPA-city: A web application to assess the impact of traffic measures on NO2 pollution in cities. Environmental Modelling & Software 2020, 135, 104904 .

AMA Style

B. Degraeuwe, E. Pisoni, P. Christidis, A. Christodoulou, P. Thunis. SHERPA-city: A web application to assess the impact of traffic measures on NO2 pollution in cities. Environmental Modelling & Software. 2020; 135 ():104904.

Chicago/Turabian Style

B. Degraeuwe; E. Pisoni; P. Christidis; A. Christodoulou; P. Thunis. 2020. "SHERPA-city: A web application to assess the impact of traffic measures on NO2 pollution in cities." Environmental Modelling & Software 135, no. : 104904.

Journal article
Published: 16 October 2020 in Research in Transportation Business & Management
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We propose a methodology to measure the impact of congestion on accessibility at urban level using high-resolution population grid cells in combination with TomTom data on road congestion. The approach combines three accessibility indicators that can be calculated at different temporal and spatial levels of detail. The analysis of the impacts at fine resolution can reveal useful information as regards the segments of population to be affected by reduced accessibility. We test the approach using the urban area of Seville as a case study. The methodology can be generalized and applied in most urban areas in Europe and globally, since it uses standardized data on spatial definition, traffic data and population distribution. It therefore permits the comparison of the level and evolution of accessibility across different urban areas.

ACS Style

A. Christodoulou; P. Christidis. Evaluating congestion in urban areas: The case of Seville. Research in Transportation Business & Management 2020, 39, 100577 .

AMA Style

A. Christodoulou, P. Christidis. Evaluating congestion in urban areas: The case of Seville. Research in Transportation Business & Management. 2020; 39 ():100577.

Chicago/Turabian Style

A. Christodoulou; P. Christidis. 2020. "Evaluating congestion in urban areas: The case of Seville." Research in Transportation Business & Management 39, no. : 100577.

Journal article
Published: 12 May 2020 in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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Air travel has a decisive role in the spread of infectious diseases at the global level. We present a methodology applied during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic that uses detailed aviation data at the final destination level in order to measure the risk of the disease spreading outside China. The approach proved to be successful in terms of identifying countries with a high risk of infected travellers and as a tool to monitor the evolution of the pandemic in different countries. The high number of undetected or asymptomatic cases of COVID-19, however, limits the capacity of the approach to model the full dynamics. As a result, the risk for countries with a low number of passengers from Hubei province appeared as low. Globalization and international aviation connectivity allow travel times that are much shorter than the incubation period of infectious diseases, a fact that raises the question of how to react in a potential new pandemic.

ACS Style

Panayotis Christidis; Aris Christodoulou. The Predictive Capacity of Air Travel Patterns during the Global Spread of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Risk, Uncertainty and Randomness. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, 17, 3356 .

AMA Style

Panayotis Christidis, Aris Christodoulou. The Predictive Capacity of Air Travel Patterns during the Global Spread of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Risk, Uncertainty and Randomness. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17 (10):3356.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Panayotis Christidis; Aris Christodoulou. 2020. "The Predictive Capacity of Air Travel Patterns during the Global Spread of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Risk, Uncertainty and Randomness." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 10: 3356.

Journal article
Published: 04 April 2020 in Economics of Transportation
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Following the decision of the European Court of Justice in 2002, which overruled its member countries’ Bilateral Air Services Agreements (BASAs), the EU has been negotiating Air Services Agreements as a block with third countries within the framework of its External Aviation policy. This paper explores whether routes governed by this policy have lower fares and higher service quality and load factors compared to those governed by BASAs, as would be expected in a liberalized air transport market. By analyzing traffic flows over 14 years between 28 EU countries and 27 external partners on 4 continents with which the EU has varying degrees of liberalization, we find that the external policy leads to 6% - 23% reduction in fares. Lower fares in turn spurred a 27% increase in demand and led to higher levels of capacity utilization.

ACS Style

Megersa Abate; Panayotis Christidis. The impact of air transport market liberalization: Evidence from EU's external aviation policy. Economics of Transportation 2020, 22, 100164 .

AMA Style

Megersa Abate, Panayotis Christidis. The impact of air transport market liberalization: Evidence from EU's external aviation policy. Economics of Transportation. 2020; 22 ():100164.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Megersa Abate; Panayotis Christidis. 2020. "The impact of air transport market liberalization: Evidence from EU's external aviation policy." Economics of Transportation 22, no. : 100164.

Journal article
Published: 01 April 2020 in Information
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The approach presented here introduces the use of directed and weighted graph indicators in order to incorporate the intensity of bilateral contacts. The indicators are tested on a reference email network, and their applicability in explaining the role of each individual in the organization is explored. The results suggest that directional indicators have high explicatory relevance and can add value to conventional Social Network Analysis (SNA) approaches.

ACS Style

Panayotis Christidis. Intensity of Bilateral Contacts in Social Network Analysis. Information 2020, 11, 189 .

AMA Style

Panayotis Christidis. Intensity of Bilateral Contacts in Social Network Analysis. Information. 2020; 11 (4):189.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Panayotis Christidis. 2020. "Intensity of Bilateral Contacts in Social Network Analysis." Information 11, no. 4: 189.

Journal article
Published: 21 February 2020 in Journal of Transport Geography
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We present a methodology to analyse high resolution population and transport data in order to assess cross-border connectivity within the European Union. Transport infrastructure can strongly influence cross-border interactions as well as regional, urban or local development. The analysis is carried out using a policy perspective, with network efficiency as the main indicator of accessibility. The aim is to allow the quantification of the quality of cross-border road connections and the identification of areas where infrastructure improvements can lead to higher benefits. We propose a machine learning approach that combines cell level route assignment and k-means clustering at a fine −1 square km- population grid. The outputs cover all internal EU land borders and consist of sets of spatial clusters that meet user-defined policy criteria. The results can be used as input for investment decisions and can be easily combined with other policy support tools for tailored multi-criteria analysis.

ACS Style

Aris Christodoulou; Panayotis Christidis. Bridges across borders: A clustering approach to support EU regional policy. Journal of Transport Geography 2020, 83, 102666 .

AMA Style

Aris Christodoulou, Panayotis Christidis. Bridges across borders: A clustering approach to support EU regional policy. Journal of Transport Geography. 2020; 83 ():102666.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Aris Christodoulou; Panayotis Christidis. 2020. "Bridges across borders: A clustering approach to support EU regional policy." Journal of Transport Geography 83, no. : 102666.

Journal article
Published: 08 November 2019 in Social Sciences
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Social Network Analysis can be applied to describe the patterns of communication within an organisation. We explore how extending standard methods, by accounting for the direction and volume of emails, can reveal information regarding the roles of individual members. We propose an approach that models certain operational aspects of the organization, based on directional and weighted indicators. The approach is transferable to other types of social network with asymmetrical connections among its members. However, its applicability is limited by privacy concerns, the existence of multiple alternative communication channels that evolve over time, the difficulty of establishing clear links between organisational structure and efficiency and, most importantly, the challenge of setting up a system that measures the impact of communication behavior without influencing the communication behaviour itself.

ACS Style

Panayotis Christidis; Álvaro Gomez Losada. Email Based Institutional Network Analysis: Applications and Risks. Social Sciences 2019, 8, 306 .

AMA Style

Panayotis Christidis, Álvaro Gomez Losada. Email Based Institutional Network Analysis: Applications and Risks. Social Sciences. 2019; 8 (11):306.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Panayotis Christidis; Álvaro Gomez Losada. 2019. "Email Based Institutional Network Analysis: Applications and Risks." Social Sciences 8, no. 11: 306.

Journal article
Published: 06 November 2019 in Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment
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Inland waterways are vulnerable to climate change as river navigation depends on water levels. Droughts can severely disrupt inland navigation services by reducing water levels either to completely non-navigable ones or to levels that oblige operators to reduce vessel load. We analyse the impacts of droughts induced by climate change using projections of river discharge data provided by eleven different climate model runs. We consider location specific characteristics by focusing the analysis on four specific locations of the Rhine and the Danube where a substantial part of the total freight activity in the European Union (EU) takes place. For the majority of the cases and scenarios considered, a decrease of the number of low water level days is projected, leading to fewer drought related disruptions in the operation of the inland waterway transport system. Although the uncertainties from the climate projections should not be neglected, the navigation sector could benefit from global warming which means that European inland waterways might be one of the few sectors where climate change can have negligible, or even positive, impact. The average economic benefit, for the cases considered, from the decrease of low water levels by the end of the century is projected to be almost €8million annually.

ACS Style

Aris Christodoulou; Panayotis Christidis; Berny Bisselink. Forecasting the impacts of climate change on inland waterways. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment 2019, 82, 102159 .

AMA Style

Aris Christodoulou, Panayotis Christidis, Berny Bisselink. Forecasting the impacts of climate change on inland waterways. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment. 2019; 82 ():102159.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Aris Christodoulou; Panayotis Christidis; Berny Bisselink. 2019. "Forecasting the impacts of climate change on inland waterways." Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment 82, no. : 102159.

Review
Published: 04 September 2019 in Energies
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This paper explores the factors affecting the uptake of hybrid and electric vehicles in the European Union (EU) using data from two extensive cross-sectional surveys. Each survey consists of 26,500 responses to a questionnaire that combines socio-economic and behavioral aspects. The share of respondents across the EU stating that they would certainly or probably consider purchasing a hybrid or a battery-powered electric vehicle (H&EV) in the near future rose from 32% in 2014 to 37.4% in 2018. There is, however, a high variability among EU member states, as well as across different socio-economic groups. Propensity is highly correlated with income, educational attainment, and urbanization level. In order to address the high degree of collinearity, we applied a machine learning classification model to analyze and explain the interaction between the variables that affected the expressed propensity to purchase such a vehicle. The findings highlight something largely missing from the literature, namely that local conditions and regional variation are a major, if not decisive, factor regarding purchasing choices. Seen from a policy perspective, this conclusion may provide guidance regarding how to support the take up of H&EVs through measures that are tailored to the specific needs at the local level.

ACS Style

Panayotis Christidis; Caralampo Focas. Factors Affecting the Uptake of Hybrid and Electric Vehicles in the European Union. Energies 2019, 12, 3414 .

AMA Style

Panayotis Christidis, Caralampo Focas. Factors Affecting the Uptake of Hybrid and Electric Vehicles in the European Union. Energies. 2019; 12 (18):3414.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Panayotis Christidis; Caralampo Focas. 2019. "Factors Affecting the Uptake of Hybrid and Electric Vehicles in the European Union." Energies 12, no. 18: 3414.

Journal article
Published: 24 July 2019 in Sustainability
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Border regions are in the forefront of geographical cohesion of the European Union but often lag behind more central areas on development and connectivity. As transport infrastructure—or rather the lack of it—plays a primary role in this, specific policy measures to improve the quality of road connections and address the overall issues of geographic isolation are often necessary. The methodology presented here provides a set of indicators and tools that allow policy makers to measure accessibility and connectivity of border regions, identify areas where transport infrastructure may be lacking, and prioritize potential investments based on specific policy-relevant criteria. The approach uses very detailed spatially disaggregate data covering EU28 plus Norway and Switzerland at grid level (1 km by 1 km), as well as the complete road network. This level of resolution allows many of the specificities of the areas covered to be taken into account.

ACS Style

Aris Christodoulou; Panayotis Christidis. Measuring Cross-Border Road Accessibility in the European Union. Sustainability 2019, 11, 4000 .

AMA Style

Aris Christodoulou, Panayotis Christidis. Measuring Cross-Border Road Accessibility in the European Union. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (15):4000.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Aris Christodoulou; Panayotis Christidis. 2019. "Measuring Cross-Border Road Accessibility in the European Union." Sustainability 11, no. 15: 4000.

Journal article
Published: 24 October 2018 in Journal of Environmental Management
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Air quality in European cities is still a challenge, with various urban areas frequently exceeding the PM2.5 and NO2 concentration levels allowed by the European Union Air Quality Standards. This is a problem both in terms of legislation compliance, but also in terms of health of citizens, as it has been recently estimated that 400 to 450 thousand people die prematurely every year due to poor air quality. Air quality in cities can be improved with a number of interventions, at different sectoral (industry, traffic, residential, etc …) and geographical (international, European, national, local, etc.) levels. In this paper we explore the potential of city level plans to improve mobility and air quality (excluding electro-mobility options, not considered in this study). We applied the “Sustainable Urban Mobility Plans” (SUMPs) framework to 642 cities in Europe and modelled how the measures they include may impact at first on mobility and emissions at urban level, and then on urban background concentrations of PM2.5 and NO2. Results show that annual averages moderately improve for both pollutants, with reductions of urban background concentrations up to 2% for PM2.5 and close to 4% for NO2. The impact on NO2 at street level (that will be higher than on urban background) is not evaluated in this work. The air quality improvement of the simulated SUMP would only partially alleviate air quality problems in urban areas, but such a reduction in the emissions of air pollutants should still be considered as a positive result of SUMPs, given that they correspond to a set of low-cost measures that can be implemented at local level. Furthermore, the introduction of electro-mobility options (not considered here) would increase the impact on air quality. Other types of benefits, such as reduced fuel consumption, greenhouse gas emissions, higher impact at street level or accident rates reduction further add to the overall positive impact.

ACS Style

E. Pisoni; Panayotis Christidis; P. Thunis; M. Trombetti. Evaluating the impact of “Sustainable Urban Mobility Plans” on urban background air quality. Journal of Environmental Management 2018, 231, 249 -255.

AMA Style

E. Pisoni, Panayotis Christidis, P. Thunis, M. Trombetti. Evaluating the impact of “Sustainable Urban Mobility Plans” on urban background air quality. Journal of Environmental Management. 2018; 231 ():249-255.

Chicago/Turabian Style

E. Pisoni; Panayotis Christidis; P. Thunis; M. Trombetti. 2018. "Evaluating the impact of “Sustainable Urban Mobility Plans” on urban background air quality." Journal of Environmental Management 231, no. : 249-255.

Journal article
Published: 17 October 2018 in Maritime Economics & Logistics
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In this paper, we assess the impacts of climate change on seaports for different global warming level scenarios. The results refer to the potential risks associated with two scenarios, represented by sea-level rise projections that have been estimated considering mean sea level, tides, waves and storm surges. The comparison of the results of the two scenarios shows that 25% more cargo can be affected by extreme water levels until the end of the century, according to the high warming scenario (RCP8.5), than that according to the RCP4.5 scenario. Major European ports at risk are identified using their projected exposure to sea-level rise and extreme weather events. The size of impacts is measured in relation to the volumes of cargo handled annually. According to the high warming scenario, extreme sea level increases higher than 0.5 m will affect the largest part of the European coastline, while more than 1 m increases will occur in the North Sea, the Western part of the Baltic Sea and in parts of the British and French Atlantic coasts. Furthermore, from 2010 to 2100, the amount of cargo to be handled in ports exposed to extreme sea levels higher than 4.5 m will increase by more than 200 million tonnes, while the majority of these ports will be located in Spain, UK, Ireland, Portugal and Norway. In the Black Sea and the Mediterranean, the impacts are expected to be significantly milder (lower Extreme Sea Levels) but to occur more frequently in comparison to the North Sea. The wider impacts of potential disruptions in port operations are evaluated by considering the effects on the European hinterland at regional level, and on European foreland by taking into account Europe’s connections to major ports worldwide. Areas outside Europe where relatively high secondary impacts might be expected include North Africa, America and the Middle East.

ACS Style

Aris Christodoulou; Panayotis Christidis; Hande Demirel. Sea-level rise in ports: a wider focus on impacts. Maritime Economics & Logistics 2018, 21, 482 -496.

AMA Style

Aris Christodoulou, Panayotis Christidis, Hande Demirel. Sea-level rise in ports: a wider focus on impacts. Maritime Economics & Logistics. 2018; 21 (4):482-496.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Aris Christodoulou; Panayotis Christidis; Hande Demirel. 2018. "Sea-level rise in ports: a wider focus on impacts." Maritime Economics & Logistics 21, no. 4: 482-496.

Journal article
Published: 01 July 2018 in Journal of Transport Geography
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The aim of this paper is to discuss the impact of recent regulatory changes in air passenger transport between Europe and Africa. We quantify the impacts of liberalisation of the EU-Africa aviation market on air fare and service frequency using a two-stage least squares model approach. The analysis shows that inter-continental air services between Europe and Africa are mainly governed by bilateral agreements negotiated between the individual countries of the EU and the various African governments. Compared to the developments in the links between Africa and the rest of the world, the EU-Africa market appears to be losing momentum. The results of the econometric model suggest that EU-Africa routes which experienced liberalisation over the period 2002 and 2016 had 28% higher departure frequency and 14% lower fares than those routes without such a regime change. Furthermore, the results show that the presence of a low-cost carrier reduces fare by 31%.

ACS Style

Eric Tchouamou Njoya; Panayiotis Christidis; Alexandros Nikitas. Understanding the impact of liberalisation in the EU-Africa aviation market. Journal of Transport Geography 2018, 71, 161 -171.

AMA Style

Eric Tchouamou Njoya, Panayiotis Christidis, Alexandros Nikitas. Understanding the impact of liberalisation in the EU-Africa aviation market. Journal of Transport Geography. 2018; 71 ():161-171.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Eric Tchouamou Njoya; Panayiotis Christidis; Alexandros Nikitas. 2018. "Understanding the impact of liberalisation in the EU-Africa aviation market." Journal of Transport Geography 71, no. : 161-171.

Article
Published: 11 September 2017 in Networks and Spatial Economics
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In their national contexts border areas are peripheral and generally located in sparsely populated territories, far from large urban agglomerations. Higher transport costs are therefore incurred by residents and businesses in these areas when connecting with central markets, and this reduces their accessibility to economic activities and more specialized services. Investment in transport infrastructure is a policy instrument used to lessen the remoteness of border regions and increase their accessibility. This study analyses the accessibility of the border regions of Portugal, Spain and France between 1960 and 2010. Accessibility of border regions is compared to national averages and between national and international connections. The market potential and daily accessibility indicators have been selected for this analysis using a joint approach that offers a complementary view of the changes, which occurred over this period. Given their peripheral condition, border regions are generally less accessible than the national average. However, results show that transport investments over this 50-year period helped to improve the accessibility conditions of border regions. Most interesting is the fact that many border regions have increased their accessibility levels at a higher pace than the national average, thereby reducing the accessibility gap with the rest of the country. Border regions suffer from lower accessibility to international destinations partly due to poorer network conditions. However, results show that during this period the greater changes largely benefited international accessibility. Differences between the two selected indicators offer a more complex and richer picture of the evolution of the accessibility of these border regions.

ACS Style

Ana Condeço-Melhorado; Panayotis Christidis. Road Accessibility in Border Regions: a Joint Approach. Networks and Spatial Economics 2017, 18, 363 -383.

AMA Style

Ana Condeço-Melhorado, Panayotis Christidis. Road Accessibility in Border Regions: a Joint Approach. Networks and Spatial Economics. 2017; 18 (2):363-383.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ana Condeço-Melhorado; Panayotis Christidis. 2017. "Road Accessibility in Border Regions: a Joint Approach." Networks and Spatial Economics 18, no. 2: 363-383.

Original paper
Published: 01 April 2017 in European Transport Research Review
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The accessibility of a certain place can evolve either as the direct result of transport changes or as a consequence of the spatial redistribution of economic activities. These two factors are often indistinguishable—especially at regional level—since improved infrastructure stimulates relocation of activities. Moreover, infrastructure investment choices tend to follow population and economic activity patterns, distorting the cause and effect relationship between infrastructure and accessibility even further. The methodology and results presented here decompose the impact of both factors in terms of accessibility using Spanish data between 1960 and 2010. During this period, Spain experienced profound changes in transport infrastructure and economic activity. We use the potential accessibility indicator and resort to index number theory to disentangle the contribution of transport infrastructure from that of land-use changes. Detailed historical data on road infrastructure and population is used to represent the transport and land-use components of accessibility. Our results show that changes in transport infrastructure had a relevant impact on accessibility, as expected, but changes in the spatial distribution of population had an even greater effect. This outcome may be used as an argument for sustainable accessibility, a concept that advocates integration of transport and land use planning.

ACS Style

Ana Condeço-Melhorado; José Luis Zofío; Panayotis Christidis. Drivers of changes in Spanish accessibility for the 1960–2010 period. European Transport Research Review 2017, 9, 19 .

AMA Style

Ana Condeço-Melhorado, José Luis Zofío, Panayotis Christidis. Drivers of changes in Spanish accessibility for the 1960–2010 period. European Transport Research Review. 2017; 9 (2):19.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ana Condeço-Melhorado; José Luis Zofío; Panayotis Christidis. 2017. "Drivers of changes in Spanish accessibility for the 1960–2010 period." European Transport Research Review 9, no. 2: 19.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2017 in Transportation Research Procedia
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ACS Style

Caralampo Focas; Panayotis Christidis. Peak Car in Europe? Transportation Research Procedia 2017, 25, 531 -550.

AMA Style

Caralampo Focas, Panayotis Christidis. Peak Car in Europe? Transportation Research Procedia. 2017; 25 ():531-550.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Caralampo Focas; Panayotis Christidis. 2017. "Peak Car in Europe?" Transportation Research Procedia 25, no. : 531-550.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2016 in Journal of Transport Geography
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The Open Skies agreements are in the centre of the European Union's external aviation policy. They form the basis of liberalization of aviation between the EU and the rest of the world, opening up markets and promoting fair competition. The progress made since the original road map in 2005 depended both on the priorities of the European side and the individual strategy of each external partner. This paper discusses the status of the EU's aviation relations with four important partners: USA, Russia, Morocco and Turkey. Market opening is at a different stage of maturity in the four examples. The evolution of traffic over time can give an insight into the impact that gradual liberalization had in each case: total traffic grows faster when restrictions are lifted, but new demand is not spread equally across airports on either side. The impact on concentration, measured with the Herfindahl-Hirschman Index (HHI) at airport level, varies significantly between the various markets. Political, geographic, demographic and economic factors influence the airline network dynamics and lead to distinct patterns of expansion. Special emphasis is given to the analysis of the role of airline alliances, ownership limitations and specific obstacles such as the visa limitations and the Siberian overflight royalties.JRC.J.1-Economics of Climate Change, Energy and Transpor

ACS Style

Panayotis Christidis. Four shades of Open Skies: European Union and four main external partners. Journal of Transport Geography 2016, 50, 105 -114.

AMA Style

Panayotis Christidis. Four shades of Open Skies: European Union and four main external partners. Journal of Transport Geography. 2016; 50 ():105-114.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Panayotis Christidis. 2016. "Four shades of Open Skies: European Union and four main external partners." Journal of Transport Geography 50, no. : 105-114.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2016 in Transportation Research Procedia
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ACS Style

Davide Fiorello; Angelo Martino; Loredana Zani; Panayotis Christidis; Elena Navajas-Cawood. Mobility Data across the EU 28 Member States: Results from an Extensive CAWI Survey. Transportation Research Procedia 2016, 14, 1104 -1113.

AMA Style

Davide Fiorello, Angelo Martino, Loredana Zani, Panayotis Christidis, Elena Navajas-Cawood. Mobility Data across the EU 28 Member States: Results from an Extensive CAWI Survey. Transportation Research Procedia. 2016; 14 ():1104-1113.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Davide Fiorello; Angelo Martino; Loredana Zani; Panayotis Christidis; Elena Navajas-Cawood. 2016. "Mobility Data across the EU 28 Member States: Results from an Extensive CAWI Survey." Transportation Research Procedia 14, no. : 1104-1113.