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A. Christodoulou
European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Seville, 41092 Sevilla, Spain

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Journal article
Published: 03 June 2021 in Sustainability
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The expectations for post-COVID recovery of transport activity point towards a gradual return to normality, once the pandemic is under control and mobility restrictions end. The shock to society and economy has, however, caused a number of behavioural changes that can influence the evolution of the transport sector. We analyse the main factors that can influence future supply and demand and explore how they may affect trip generation, distribution and modal split in passenger transport. We combine several conventional and innovative data sources with a detailed strategic transport model at the EU level, in order to present quantitative estimates under various scenarios. New remote work patterns or personal risk avoidance attitudes can lead to increased levels of car ownership and use. Public policy priorities in the aftermath of the pandemic would need to address the emerging challenges and adopt measures that can sustain the shift to active travel, support public transport, railways and aviation and stimulate innovation in transport technologies and services.

ACS Style

Panayotis Christidis; Aris Christodoulou; Elena Navajas-Cawood; Biagio Ciuffo. The Post-Pandemic Recovery of Transport Activity: Emerging Mobility Patterns and Repercussions on Future Evolution. Sustainability 2021, 13, 6359 .

AMA Style

Panayotis Christidis, Aris Christodoulou, Elena Navajas-Cawood, Biagio Ciuffo. The Post-Pandemic Recovery of Transport Activity: Emerging Mobility Patterns and Repercussions on Future Evolution. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (11):6359.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Panayotis Christidis; Aris Christodoulou; Elena Navajas-Cawood; Biagio Ciuffo. 2021. "The Post-Pandemic Recovery of Transport Activity: Emerging Mobility Patterns and Repercussions on Future Evolution." Sustainability 13, no. 11: 6359.

Journal article
Published: 16 October 2020 in Research in Transportation Business & Management
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We propose a methodology to measure the impact of congestion on accessibility at urban level using high-resolution population grid cells in combination with TomTom data on road congestion. The approach combines three accessibility indicators that can be calculated at different temporal and spatial levels of detail. The analysis of the impacts at fine resolution can reveal useful information as regards the segments of population to be affected by reduced accessibility. We test the approach using the urban area of Seville as a case study. The methodology can be generalized and applied in most urban areas in Europe and globally, since it uses standardized data on spatial definition, traffic data and population distribution. It therefore permits the comparison of the level and evolution of accessibility across different urban areas.

ACS Style

A. Christodoulou; P. Christidis. Evaluating congestion in urban areas: The case of Seville. Research in Transportation Business & Management 2020, 39, 100577 .

AMA Style

A. Christodoulou, P. Christidis. Evaluating congestion in urban areas: The case of Seville. Research in Transportation Business & Management. 2020; 39 ():100577.

Chicago/Turabian Style

A. Christodoulou; P. Christidis. 2020. "Evaluating congestion in urban areas: The case of Seville." Research in Transportation Business & Management 39, no. : 100577.

Data descriptor
Published: 25 August 2020 in Scientific Data
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Urban accessibility and congestion indicators allow us to benchmark cities. If these indicators are also available at a fine resolution, we can compare different neighbourhoods within a city. We present a dataset of different accessibility indicators for all urban areas with more than 250 thousand people in the EU27, the UK, Switzerland and Norway. Each city is analysed by means of a population grid of 500 m by 500 m and represented by a wider area covering both the densely populated urban centre and the commuting zone. To capture congestion, we measure accessibility for each grid cell at different times of the day that correspond to different traffic conditions using the detailed network and congestion information provided by TomTom.

ACS Style

Aris Christodoulou; Lewis Dijkstra; Panayotis Christidis; Paolo Bolsi; Hugo Poelman. A fine resolution dataset of accessibility under different traffic conditions in European cities. Scientific Data 2020, 7, 1 -10.

AMA Style

Aris Christodoulou, Lewis Dijkstra, Panayotis Christidis, Paolo Bolsi, Hugo Poelman. A fine resolution dataset of accessibility under different traffic conditions in European cities. Scientific Data. 2020; 7 (1):1-10.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Aris Christodoulou; Lewis Dijkstra; Panayotis Christidis; Paolo Bolsi; Hugo Poelman. 2020. "A fine resolution dataset of accessibility under different traffic conditions in European cities." Scientific Data 7, no. 1: 1-10.

Journal article
Published: 12 May 2020 in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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Air travel has a decisive role in the spread of infectious diseases at the global level. We present a methodology applied during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic that uses detailed aviation data at the final destination level in order to measure the risk of the disease spreading outside China. The approach proved to be successful in terms of identifying countries with a high risk of infected travellers and as a tool to monitor the evolution of the pandemic in different countries. The high number of undetected or asymptomatic cases of COVID-19, however, limits the capacity of the approach to model the full dynamics. As a result, the risk for countries with a low number of passengers from Hubei province appeared as low. Globalization and international aviation connectivity allow travel times that are much shorter than the incubation period of infectious diseases, a fact that raises the question of how to react in a potential new pandemic.

ACS Style

Panayotis Christidis; Aris Christodoulou. The Predictive Capacity of Air Travel Patterns during the Global Spread of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Risk, Uncertainty and Randomness. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, 17, 3356 .

AMA Style

Panayotis Christidis, Aris Christodoulou. The Predictive Capacity of Air Travel Patterns during the Global Spread of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Risk, Uncertainty and Randomness. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17 (10):3356.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Panayotis Christidis; Aris Christodoulou. 2020. "The Predictive Capacity of Air Travel Patterns during the Global Spread of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Risk, Uncertainty and Randomness." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 10: 3356.

Journal article
Published: 06 November 2019 in Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment
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Inland waterways are vulnerable to climate change as river navigation depends on water levels. Droughts can severely disrupt inland navigation services by reducing water levels either to completely non-navigable ones or to levels that oblige operators to reduce vessel load. We analyse the impacts of droughts induced by climate change using projections of river discharge data provided by eleven different climate model runs. We consider location specific characteristics by focusing the analysis on four specific locations of the Rhine and the Danube where a substantial part of the total freight activity in the European Union (EU) takes place. For the majority of the cases and scenarios considered, a decrease of the number of low water level days is projected, leading to fewer drought related disruptions in the operation of the inland waterway transport system. Although the uncertainties from the climate projections should not be neglected, the navigation sector could benefit from global warming which means that European inland waterways might be one of the few sectors where climate change can have negligible, or even positive, impact. The average economic benefit, for the cases considered, from the decrease of low water levels by the end of the century is projected to be almost €8million annually.

ACS Style

Aris Christodoulou; Panayotis Christidis; Berny Bisselink. Forecasting the impacts of climate change on inland waterways. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment 2019, 82, 102159 .

AMA Style

Aris Christodoulou, Panayotis Christidis, Berny Bisselink. Forecasting the impacts of climate change on inland waterways. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment. 2019; 82 ():102159.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Aris Christodoulou; Panayotis Christidis; Berny Bisselink. 2019. "Forecasting the impacts of climate change on inland waterways." Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment 82, no. : 102159.

Journal article
Published: 24 July 2019 in Sustainability
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Border regions are in the forefront of geographical cohesion of the European Union but often lag behind more central areas on development and connectivity. As transport infrastructure—or rather the lack of it—plays a primary role in this, specific policy measures to improve the quality of road connections and address the overall issues of geographic isolation are often necessary. The methodology presented here provides a set of indicators and tools that allow policy makers to measure accessibility and connectivity of border regions, identify areas where transport infrastructure may be lacking, and prioritize potential investments based on specific policy-relevant criteria. The approach uses very detailed spatially disaggregate data covering EU28 plus Norway and Switzerland at grid level (1 km by 1 km), as well as the complete road network. This level of resolution allows many of the specificities of the areas covered to be taken into account.

ACS Style

Aris Christodoulou; Panayotis Christidis. Measuring Cross-Border Road Accessibility in the European Union. Sustainability 2019, 11, 4000 .

AMA Style

Aris Christodoulou, Panayotis Christidis. Measuring Cross-Border Road Accessibility in the European Union. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (15):4000.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Aris Christodoulou; Panayotis Christidis. 2019. "Measuring Cross-Border Road Accessibility in the European Union." Sustainability 11, no. 15: 4000.

Journal article
Published: 17 October 2018 in Maritime Economics & Logistics
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In this paper, we assess the impacts of climate change on seaports for different global warming level scenarios. The results refer to the potential risks associated with two scenarios, represented by sea-level rise projections that have been estimated considering mean sea level, tides, waves and storm surges. The comparison of the results of the two scenarios shows that 25% more cargo can be affected by extreme water levels until the end of the century, according to the high warming scenario (RCP8.5), than that according to the RCP4.5 scenario. Major European ports at risk are identified using their projected exposure to sea-level rise and extreme weather events. The size of impacts is measured in relation to the volumes of cargo handled annually. According to the high warming scenario, extreme sea level increases higher than 0.5 m will affect the largest part of the European coastline, while more than 1 m increases will occur in the North Sea, the Western part of the Baltic Sea and in parts of the British and French Atlantic coasts. Furthermore, from 2010 to 2100, the amount of cargo to be handled in ports exposed to extreme sea levels higher than 4.5 m will increase by more than 200 million tonnes, while the majority of these ports will be located in Spain, UK, Ireland, Portugal and Norway. In the Black Sea and the Mediterranean, the impacts are expected to be significantly milder (lower Extreme Sea Levels) but to occur more frequently in comparison to the North Sea. The wider impacts of potential disruptions in port operations are evaluated by considering the effects on the European hinterland at regional level, and on European foreland by taking into account Europe’s connections to major ports worldwide. Areas outside Europe where relatively high secondary impacts might be expected include North Africa, America and the Middle East.

ACS Style

Aris Christodoulou; Panayotis Christidis; Hande Demirel. Sea-level rise in ports: a wider focus on impacts. Maritime Economics & Logistics 2018, 21, 482 -496.

AMA Style

Aris Christodoulou, Panayotis Christidis, Hande Demirel. Sea-level rise in ports: a wider focus on impacts. Maritime Economics & Logistics. 2018; 21 (4):482-496.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Aris Christodoulou; Panayotis Christidis; Hande Demirel. 2018. "Sea-level rise in ports: a wider focus on impacts." Maritime Economics & Logistics 21, no. 4: 482-496.