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The spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus has transformed many aspects of people’s daily life, including sports. Social networks have been flooded on these issues. The present study aims to analyze the tweets produced relating to sports and COVID-19. From the end of January to the beginning of May 2020, over 4,000,000 tweets on this subject were downloaded through the Twitter search API. Once the duplicates, replicas, and retweets were removed, 119,253 original tweets were analyzed. A quantitative–qualitative content analysis was used to study the selected tweets. Posts dynamics regarding sport and exercise evolved according to the COVID-19 pandemic and subsequent lockdown, shifting from considering sport as a healthy bastion to an activity exposed to disease like any other. Most media professional sporting events received great attention on Twitter, while grassroots and women’s sport were relegated to a residual role. The analysis of the 30 topics identified focused on the social, sporting, economic and health impact of the pandemic on the sport. Sporting cancellations, leisure time and socialization disruptions, club bankruptcies, sports training and athletes’ uncertain career development were the main concerns. Although general health measures appeared in the tweets analyzed, those addressed to sports practice were relatively scarce. Finally, this study shows the importance of Twitter as a means of conveying social attitudes towards sports and COVID-19 and its potential to generate alternative responses in future stages of the pandemic.
Luis-Millán González; José Devís-Devís; Maite Pellicer-Chenoll; Miquel Pans; Alberto Pardo-Ibañez; Xavier García-Massó; Fernanda Peset; Fernanda Garzón-Farinós; Víctor Pérez-Samaniego. The Impact of COVID-19 on Sport in Twitter: A Quantitative and Qualitative Content Analysis. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2021, 18, 4554 .
AMA StyleLuis-Millán González, José Devís-Devís, Maite Pellicer-Chenoll, Miquel Pans, Alberto Pardo-Ibañez, Xavier García-Massó, Fernanda Peset, Fernanda Garzón-Farinós, Víctor Pérez-Samaniego. The Impact of COVID-19 on Sport in Twitter: A Quantitative and Qualitative Content Analysis. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18 (9):4554.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLuis-Millán González; José Devís-Devís; Maite Pellicer-Chenoll; Miquel Pans; Alberto Pardo-Ibañez; Xavier García-Massó; Fernanda Peset; Fernanda Garzón-Farinós; Víctor Pérez-Samaniego. 2021. "The Impact of COVID-19 on Sport in Twitter: A Quantitative and Qualitative Content Analysis." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 9: 4554.
This study aimed to investigate the validity of using built-in smartphone accelerometers to estimate the active energy expenditures of full-time manual wheelchair users with spinal cord injury (SCI). Twenty participants with complete SCI completed 10 5-min daily activities that involved the upper limbs, during which their oxygen consumption and upper limb activity were registered using a portable gas analyzer and a smartphone (placed on the non-dominant arm), respectively. Time series of 1-min averaged oxygen consumption and 55 accelerometer variables (13 variables for each of the four axes and three additional variables for the correlations between axes) were used to estimate three multiple linear models, using a 10-fold cross-validation method. The results showed that models that included either all variables and models or that only included the linear variables showed comparable performance, with a correlation of 0.72. Slightly worse general performance was demonstrated by the model that only included non-linear variables, although it proved to be more accurate at estimating the energy expenditures (EE) during specific tasks. These results suggest that smartphones could be a promising low-cost alternative to laboratory-grade accelerometers to estimate the energy expenditure of wheelchair users with spinal cord injury during daily activities.
Adrià Marco-Ahulló; Lluïsa Montesinos-Magraner; Luis-Millán Gonzalez; Roberto Llorens; Xurxo Segura-Navarro; Xavier García-Massó. Validation of Using Smartphone Built-In Accelerometers to Estimate the Active Energy Expenditures of Full-Time Manual Wheelchair Users with Spinal Cord Injury. Sensors 2021, 21, 1498 .
AMA StyleAdrià Marco-Ahulló, Lluïsa Montesinos-Magraner, Luis-Millán Gonzalez, Roberto Llorens, Xurxo Segura-Navarro, Xavier García-Massó. Validation of Using Smartphone Built-In Accelerometers to Estimate the Active Energy Expenditures of Full-Time Manual Wheelchair Users with Spinal Cord Injury. Sensors. 2021; 21 (4):1498.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAdrià Marco-Ahulló; Lluïsa Montesinos-Magraner; Luis-Millán Gonzalez; Roberto Llorens; Xurxo Segura-Navarro; Xavier García-Massó. 2021. "Validation of Using Smartphone Built-In Accelerometers to Estimate the Active Energy Expenditures of Full-Time Manual Wheelchair Users with Spinal Cord Injury." Sensors 21, no. 4: 1498.
Perceived motor competence (PMC) is important to health as it mediates the association between actual motor competence (AMC) and physical activity. Many instruments assess the broader construct of physical self‐perception but no scale has been developed to assess PMC in stability. The aim of this study was to develop and analyse the reliability and validity of a new pictorial PMC in stability skills assessment when completed by early adolescents. A delphi method showed ≥70% of experts’ consensus in the seven proposed items. A sample of 904 students (11–14 years‐old) self‐reported PMC in locomotion, object control and stability using two pictorial scales: Perceived Movement Skill Competence (PMSC) and the newly developed Stability (PMSC_Stability). The Körperkoordinations test for Kinder (KTK) was also administered as a measure of AMC in skills that utilise stability. Two different subsamples were randomly assigned to criterion validity and reliability assessments. Spearman correlation, confirmatory factor analysis and a general linear model for sex and age were conducted. The internal consistency (α) and test‐retest (intraclass correlation coefficient) reliability values were good (> .70). A single‐factor latent model represented stability and did not differ by sex. Stability perception was associated with AMC (rho = .51). Stability is important to the performance of many movement skills (for example single‐leg balance or moving on a narrow surface). Understanding which adolescents have poor stability perception could highlight stability as an area that needs targeting in order to increase physical activity and sport participation.
Isaac Estevan; Cristina Menescardi; Isabel Castillo; Javier Molina‐García; Xavier García‐Massó; Lisa M. Barnett. Perceived movement skill competence in stability: Validity and reliability of a pictorial scale in early adolescents. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports 2021, 31, 1135 -1143.
AMA StyleIsaac Estevan, Cristina Menescardi, Isabel Castillo, Javier Molina‐García, Xavier García‐Massó, Lisa M. Barnett. Perceived movement skill competence in stability: Validity and reliability of a pictorial scale in early adolescents. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports. 2021; 31 (5):1135-1143.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIsaac Estevan; Cristina Menescardi; Isabel Castillo; Javier Molina‐García; Xavier García‐Massó; Lisa M. Barnett. 2021. "Perceived movement skill competence in stability: Validity and reliability of a pictorial scale in early adolescents." Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports 31, no. 5: 1135-1143.
The emergence of COVID-19 caused a new public health crisis, leading to major changes in daily life routines, often including physical activity (PA) levels. The main goal of this study was to analyze the differences in self-reported physical activity of people with complete spinal cord injuries between the time prior to the COVID-19 lockdown and the lockdown period itself. A sample of 20 participants with complete thoracic spinal cord injuries completed the Physical Activity Scale for Individuals with Physical Disabilities before and during the COVID-19 lockdown. The results showed differences between the pre-lockdown and lockdown measurements in total self-reported PA (z=−3.92; P<0.001; d=1.28), recreational PA (z=−3.92; P<0.001; d=1.18) and occupational PA (z=−2.03; P=0.042; d=0.55). Nevertheless, no differences were found in housework PA between the two time periods. Furthermore, the results showed differences in total minutes (z=−3.92; P<0.001; d=1.75), minutes spent on recreational activities (z=−3.82; P<0.001; d=1.56) and minutes spent on occupational activities (z=−2.032; P=0.042; d=0.55) of moderate/vigorous intensity. Individuals with thoracic spinal cord injuries who were full-time manual wheelchair users displayed lower levels of PA during the pandemic than in the pre-pandemic period. The results suggest that the prohibition and restrictions on carrying out recreational and/or occupational activities are the main reasons for this inactivity. Physical activity promotion strategies should be implemented within this population to lessen the effects of this physical inactivity stemming from the COVID-19 pandemic.
Adrià Marco-Ahulló; Lluïsa Montesinos-Magraner; Luis-Millán González; José Morales; Jose Antonio Bernabéu-García; Xavier García-Massó. Impact of COVID-19 on the self-reported physical activity of people with complete thoracic spinal cord injury full-time manual wheelchair users. The Journal of Spinal Cord Medicine 2021, 1 -5.
AMA StyleAdrià Marco-Ahulló, Lluïsa Montesinos-Magraner, Luis-Millán González, José Morales, Jose Antonio Bernabéu-García, Xavier García-Massó. Impact of COVID-19 on the self-reported physical activity of people with complete thoracic spinal cord injury full-time manual wheelchair users. The Journal of Spinal Cord Medicine. 2021; ():1-5.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAdrià Marco-Ahulló; Lluïsa Montesinos-Magraner; Luis-Millán González; José Morales; Jose Antonio Bernabéu-García; Xavier García-Massó. 2021. "Impact of COVID-19 on the self-reported physical activity of people with complete thoracic spinal cord injury full-time manual wheelchair users." The Journal of Spinal Cord Medicine , no. : 1-5.
(1) Background: Understanding children’s motor patterns in landing is important not only for sport performance but also to prevent lower limb injury. The purpose of this study was to analyze children’s lower limb joint angles and impact force during single-leg landings (SLL) in different types of jumping sports using statistical parametric mapping (SPM). (2) Methods: Thirty children (53.33% girls, M = 10.16 years-old, standard deviation (SD) = 1.52) divided into three groups (gymnastics, volleyball and control) participated in the study. The participants were asked to do SLLs with the dominant lower limb (barefoot) on a force plate from a height of 25 cm. The vertical ground reaction force (GRF) and lower limb joint angles were assessed. SPM{F} one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and SPM{t} unpaired t-tests were performed during the landing and stability phases. (3) Results: A significant main effect was found in the landing phase of jumping sport practice in GRF and joint angles. During the stability phase, this effect was exhibited in ankle and knee joint angles. (4) Conclusions: Evidence was obtained of the influence of practicing a specific sport in childhood. Child volleyball players performed SLL with lower impact force and higher knee flexion than child gymnasts. Training in specific jumping sports (i.e., volleyball and gymnastics) could affect the individual capacity to adapt SLL execution.
Isaac Estevan; Gonzalo Monfort-Torres; Roman Farana; David Zahradnik; Daniel Jandacka; Xavier García-Massó. Children’s Single-Leg Landing Movement Capability Analysis According to the Type of Sport Practiced. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, 17, 6414 .
AMA StyleIsaac Estevan, Gonzalo Monfort-Torres, Roman Farana, David Zahradnik, Daniel Jandacka, Xavier García-Massó. Children’s Single-Leg Landing Movement Capability Analysis According to the Type of Sport Practiced. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17 (17):6414.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIsaac Estevan; Gonzalo Monfort-Torres; Roman Farana; David Zahradnik; Daniel Jandacka; Xavier García-Massó. 2020. "Children’s Single-Leg Landing Movement Capability Analysis According to the Type of Sport Practiced." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 17: 6414.
A cross-sectional, prospective, between-subjects design was used in this study to establish the differences in sensory reweighting of postural control among different ages during adolescence. A total of 153 adolescents (five age groups; 13–17 years old) performed bipedal standing in three sensory conditions (i.e., with visual restriction, vestibular disturbance, and proprioceptive disturbance). Center of pressure displacement signals were measured in mediolateral and anteroposterior directions to characterize reweighting in the sensory system in static postural control when sensory information is disturbed or restricted during adolescent growth. The results indicate a development of postural control, showing large differences between subjects of 13–14 years old and older adolescents. A critical change was found in sensory reweighting during bipedal stance with disturbance of proprioceptive information at 15 years old. Adolescents of 13–14 years old showed less postural control and performance than older adolescents during the disturbance of proprioceptive information. Moreover, the results demonstrated that the visual system achieves its development around 15–16 years old. In conclusion, this research suggests that a difference of sensory reweighting under this type of sensorial condition and sensory reweight systems would seem to achieve stabilization at the age of 15.
Alberto Pardo-Ibáñez; Jose L. Bermejo; Sergio Gandia; Julien Maitre; Israel Villarrasa-Sapiña; Isaac Estevan; Xavier Garcia-Masso. Sensory Reweighting During Bipedal Quiet Standing in Adolescents. Motor Control 2020, 24, 383 -396.
AMA StyleAlberto Pardo-Ibáñez, Jose L. Bermejo, Sergio Gandia, Julien Maitre, Israel Villarrasa-Sapiña, Isaac Estevan, Xavier Garcia-Masso. Sensory Reweighting During Bipedal Quiet Standing in Adolescents. Motor Control. 2020; 24 (3):383-396.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlberto Pardo-Ibáñez; Jose L. Bermejo; Sergio Gandia; Julien Maitre; Israel Villarrasa-Sapiña; Isaac Estevan; Xavier Garcia-Masso. 2020. "Sensory Reweighting During Bipedal Quiet Standing in Adolescents." Motor Control 24, no. 3: 383-396.
The assessment of trunk sway smoothness using an accelerometer sensor embedded in a smartphone could be a biomarker for tracking motor learning. This study aimed to determine the reliability of trunk sway smoothness and the effect of visual biofeedback of sway smoothness on motor learning in healthy people during unipedal stance training using an iPhone 5 measurement system. In the first experiment, trunk sway smoothness in the reliability group (n = 11) was assessed on two days, separated by one week. In the second, the biofeedback group (n = 12) and no-biofeedback group (n = 12) were compared during 7 days of unipedal stance test training and one more day of retention (without biofeedback). The intraclass correlation coefficient score 0.98 (0.93–0.99) showed that this method has excellent test–retest reliability. Based on the power law of practice, the biofeedback group showed greater improvement during training days (p = 0.003). Two-way mixed analysis of variance indicates a significant difference between groups (p < 0.001) and between days (p < 0.001), as well as significant interaction (p < 0.001). Post hoc analysis shows better performance in the biofeedback group from training days 2 and 7, as well as on the retention day (p < 0.001). Motor learning objectification through visual biofeedback of trunk sway smoothness enhances postural control learning and is useful and reliable for assessing motor learning.
Carlos Cruz-Montecinos; Antonio Cuesta-Vargas; Cristian Muñoz; Dante Flores; Joseph Ellsworth; Carlos De La Fuente; Joaquín Calatayud; Gonzalo Rivera-Lillo; Verónica Soto-Arellano; Claudio Tapia; Xavier García-Massó. Impact of Visual Biofeedback of Trunk Sway Smoothness on Motor Learning during Unipedal Stance. Sensors 2020, 20, 2585 .
AMA StyleCarlos Cruz-Montecinos, Antonio Cuesta-Vargas, Cristian Muñoz, Dante Flores, Joseph Ellsworth, Carlos De La Fuente, Joaquín Calatayud, Gonzalo Rivera-Lillo, Verónica Soto-Arellano, Claudio Tapia, Xavier García-Massó. Impact of Visual Biofeedback of Trunk Sway Smoothness on Motor Learning during Unipedal Stance. Sensors. 2020; 20 (9):2585.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCarlos Cruz-Montecinos; Antonio Cuesta-Vargas; Cristian Muñoz; Dante Flores; Joseph Ellsworth; Carlos De La Fuente; Joaquín Calatayud; Gonzalo Rivera-Lillo; Verónica Soto-Arellano; Claudio Tapia; Xavier García-Massó. 2020. "Impact of Visual Biofeedback of Trunk Sway Smoothness on Motor Learning during Unipedal Stance." Sensors 20, no. 9: 2585.
To determine the effect of cognitive–motor dual-task load on temporal structure irregularity (complexity) of motor output and task performance of submaximal isometric contractions. Twelve young, sedentary subjects performed handgrip isometric contractions until failure at 50% of maximal voluntary contraction under mathematical self-regulated dual-task (own pace; SDT), regulated dual-task (imposed pace; RDT), and control. Force signal complexity was calculated by sample entropy at the initial, middle, and final thirds. Task performance was assessed by muscle fatigue (time to failure and rate of median frequency of the radial flexor of the carpus), force and math task error, and self-perceived difficulty. Only RDT decreased complexity with respect to control (17.4% ± 12.6%, p = 0.005), all conditions decreased complexity by the final third (Control: 52.8% ± 18.7%, p < 0.001; SDT: 41.1% ± 32.1%, p = 0.003; RDT: 19.1% ± 21.9%, p = 0.035). Conditions did not affect time to failure, and only RDT decreased the rate of median frequency (0.1%/s ± 0.1%/s, p = 0.020). Inferior force error rate was increased by conditions (SDT: 1.5% ± 0.8%, p < 0.001; RDT: 2% ± 1.5%, p = 0.002). Math error was only augmented by RDT (from 9.9 ± 6.7 to 51.7 ± 18.8, p < 0.001), categorized as “very hard” in 85.7% of participants (p = 0.015). Only the RDT condition reduced complexity and neuromuscular fatigue while increasing force error rate of the handgrip’s motor output, without affecting time to failure. A highly demanding dual-task may become a strategy to modify the organization of the hand force motor output, which may contribute to its motor adaptations.
Benjamín Guzmán-González; Claudio Bustos-Briones; Joaquín Calatayud; Claudio Tapia; Julio Torres-Elgueta; Xavier García-Massó; Carlos Cruz-Montecinos. Effects of dual-task demands on the complexity and task performance of submaximal isometric handgrip force control. Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology 2020, 120, 1251 -1261.
AMA StyleBenjamín Guzmán-González, Claudio Bustos-Briones, Joaquín Calatayud, Claudio Tapia, Julio Torres-Elgueta, Xavier García-Massó, Carlos Cruz-Montecinos. Effects of dual-task demands on the complexity and task performance of submaximal isometric handgrip force control. Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology. 2020; 120 (6):1251-1261.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBenjamín Guzmán-González; Claudio Bustos-Briones; Joaquín Calatayud; Claudio Tapia; Julio Torres-Elgueta; Xavier García-Massó; Carlos Cruz-Montecinos. 2020. "Effects of dual-task demands on the complexity and task performance of submaximal isometric handgrip force control." Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology 120, no. 6: 1251-1261.
Introduction:The main objective of this study was to determine the rate of auditory concurrent feedback that best enhanced the learning of a continuous postural task in adolescents.Material and methods:A sample of thirty adolescents (13 to 14-years old) was used, who were assigned to three groups: i) control group (CG); ii) 100% auditory feedback group and iii) 67% auditory feedback group. The subjects performed a pre-test, practice, post-test and a retention (24 hours after the practice). In the postural control task subjects were instructed to remain on a seesaw (unstable in anteroposterior position) and keeping it as level as possible.Results:The results demonstrated that concurrent auditory feedback did not enhance the performance of the continuous postural task, although concurrent auditory feedback (both 100% and 67% rates) caused changes to the postural control strategies.Conclusions:From this it was concluded that 100% and 67% concurrent auditory feedback are more recommendable than no-feedback in adolescents’ postural control learning.
Alexis Sánchez-Tormo; Adrià Marco-Ahulló; Isaac Estevan; Gonzalo Monfort Torres; Xavier García-Massó. Rate of concurrent augmented auditory feedback in postural control learning in adolescents. Movement & Sport Sciences - Science & Motricité 2020, 15 -21.
AMA StyleAlexis Sánchez-Tormo, Adrià Marco-Ahulló, Isaac Estevan, Gonzalo Monfort Torres, Xavier García-Massó. Rate of concurrent augmented auditory feedback in postural control learning in adolescents. Movement & Sport Sciences - Science & Motricité. 2020; (109):15-21.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlexis Sánchez-Tormo; Adrià Marco-Ahulló; Isaac Estevan; Gonzalo Monfort Torres; Xavier García-Massó. 2020. "Rate of concurrent augmented auditory feedback in postural control learning in adolescents." Movement & Sport Sciences - Science & Motricité , no. 109: 15-21.
Application of machine learning techniques has the potential to yield unseen insights into movement and permits visualisation of complex behaviours and tangible profiles. The aim of this study was to identify profiles of relative motor competence (MC) and movement behaviours in pre-school children using novel analytics. One-hundred and twenty-five children (4.3 ± 0.5y, 1.04 ± 0.05 m, 17.8 ± 3.2 kg, BMI: 16.2 ± 1.9 kg.m2) took part in this study. Measures included accelerometer-derived 24-h activity, MC (Movement Assessment Battery for Children second edition), height, weight and waist circumference, from which zBMI were derived. Self-Organised Map (SOM) analysis was used to classify participants' profiles and a k-means cluster analysis was used to classify the neurons into larger groups according to the input variables. These clusters were used to describe the individuals' characteristics according to their MC and PA compositions. The SOM analysis indicated five profiles according to MC and PA. One cluster was identified as having both the lowest MC and MVPA (profile 2), whilst profiles 4 and 5 show moderate-high values of PA and MC. We present a novel pathway to profiling complex tenets of human movement and behaviour, which has never previously been implemented in pre-school children, highlighting that the focus should change from obesity monitoring, to "moving well".Abbreviations: MC: Motor competence; PA: Physical activity; MVPA: Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity; SOM: Self-organized map; BMI: Body mass index; MABC2: Movement assessment battery for children 2nd edition; MANOVA: Multiple analysis of variance.
Cain C. T. Clark; Michael J. Duncan; Emma L. J. Eyre; Gareth Stratton; Xavier García-Massó; Isaac Estevan. Profiling movement behaviours in pre-school children: A self-organised map approach. Journal of Sports Sciences 2019, 38, 150 -158.
AMA StyleCain C. T. Clark, Michael J. Duncan, Emma L. J. Eyre, Gareth Stratton, Xavier García-Massó, Isaac Estevan. Profiling movement behaviours in pre-school children: A self-organised map approach. Journal of Sports Sciences. 2019; 38 (2):150-158.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCain C. T. Clark; Michael J. Duncan; Emma L. J. Eyre; Gareth Stratton; Xavier García-Massó; Isaac Estevan. 2019. "Profiling movement behaviours in pre-school children: A self-organised map approach." Journal of Sports Sciences 38, no. 2: 150-158.
The aim was to assess dual- versus single-task training for motor performance and cognitive performance in adolescents. Two experiments were performed. In the first, 30 adolescents were randomized to three groups to determine the effect of dual-task difficulty on postural control: α-scaling and root mean square (RMS). In the second, 20 adolescents were randomized to two groups to determine the effect of dual-task practice to improve working memory. RMS in the post-test was lower than the pre-test in both dual-task groups, while α-scaling was lower in post-test than pre-test only in the high-difficulty dual-task group. A practice effect was observed on the percentage of correct answers only in the dual-task group (p = 0.035). Thus, dual-task training could enhance motor and cognitive performance more than single-task training.
Pilar Bustillo-Casero; Sara Cebrian-Bou; Carlos Cruz-Montecinos; Alberto Pardo; Xavier García-Massó. Effects of A Dual-Task Intervention in Postural Control and Cognitive Performance in Adolescents. Journal of Motor Behavior 2019, 52, 187 -195.
AMA StylePilar Bustillo-Casero, Sara Cebrian-Bou, Carlos Cruz-Montecinos, Alberto Pardo, Xavier García-Massó. Effects of A Dual-Task Intervention in Postural Control and Cognitive Performance in Adolescents. Journal of Motor Behavior. 2019; 52 (2):187-195.
Chicago/Turabian StylePilar Bustillo-Casero; Sara Cebrian-Bou; Carlos Cruz-Montecinos; Alberto Pardo; Xavier García-Massó. 2019. "Effects of A Dual-Task Intervention in Postural Control and Cognitive Performance in Adolescents." Journal of Motor Behavior 52, no. 2: 187-195.
This study analyzed the development of postural control and the cost of the cognitive task on postural control in the bipedal standing position during childhood. Sixty-six normally developed children divided into four groups by age participated in this study. Single (ST) and dual-tasks (DT) were conducted in the bipedal standing position with eyes open. DT included carrying out a cognitive task consisting of a modified Stroop Test. A Wii Balance Board was used to measure postural sway data. The results showed effects of age and condition on postural control (p < 0.01). The interaction of age x condition showed that in DT, 4-year-old children presented higher ellipse area than 5, 6, 7-year-olds (p < 0.01). Moreover, an effect of age on cognitive performance was found (p < 0.001). In conclusion, four-year old children present lower postural control than 5, 6, 7-year-olds. The youngest children gave fewer correct answers than the 6 and 7-year-olds.
Israel Villarrasa-Sapiña; Isaac Estevan; Luis-Millan Gonzalez; Adrià Marco Ahulló; Xavier García-Massó. Dual task cost in balance control and stability in children from 4–7 years old. Early Child Development and Care 2019, 190, 2533 -2542.
AMA StyleIsrael Villarrasa-Sapiña, Isaac Estevan, Luis-Millan Gonzalez, Adrià Marco Ahulló, Xavier García-Massó. Dual task cost in balance control and stability in children from 4–7 years old. Early Child Development and Care. 2019; 190 (16):2533-2542.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIsrael Villarrasa-Sapiña; Isaac Estevan; Luis-Millan Gonzalez; Adrià Marco Ahulló; Xavier García-Massó. 2019. "Dual task cost in balance control and stability in children from 4–7 years old." Early Child Development and Care 190, no. 16: 2533-2542.
Mountain protected areas play a fundamental role in the conservation of natural environment and at the same time provide the population with social benefits such as offering space for leisure and recreation. Understanding motivations and behavior of protected area visitors is crucial to effectively manage vulnerable areas. Our objective was to identify the profiles of visitors to a heavily used tourist destination—Kasprowy Wierch within the Tatra National Park (Poland), using the self-organizing maps (SOM) analytical method. In order to explore the socio-demographic and behavioral characteristics of the visitors a total sample of 2488 respondents were interviewed on site. Self-organizing map analysis is based on cerebral processes for managing and storing information in order to classify subjects and/or find relationships among variables. As a result, four heterogeneous tourist profiles were identified. Interestingly, two of these groups (Cluster 1 and Cluster 3), which were found to be the most challenging groups for management purposes, visited the national park for reasons other than its natural attractions. Especially, one sub-segment of Cluster 3 was mainly motivated by the possibility to use a cable car, admiring views and stayed within close proximity of the upper cable car station. Less than a half of visitors to Kasprowy Wierch (42%) were seeking a nature experience during their trip (Cluster 2 and Cluster 4). The results bring a new point of view in the discussion on visitor management within Kasprowy Wierch region, in particular by overlapping presented visitor segmentation with trip types and/or purchased cable car tickets. Within international context, we highlight the SOM technique as a valuable tool in profiling of tourists and underline the problem of the existence of mass tourism destinations within protected areas.
Karolina Taczanowska; Luis-Millán González; Xavier García-Massó; Antoni Zięba; Christiane Brandenburg; Andreas Muhar; Maite Pellicer-Chenoll; José-Luis Toca-Herrera. Nature-based Tourism or Mass Tourism in Nature? Segmentation of Mountain Protected Area Visitors Using Self-Organizing Maps (SOM). Sustainability 2019, 11, 1314 .
AMA StyleKarolina Taczanowska, Luis-Millán González, Xavier García-Massó, Antoni Zięba, Christiane Brandenburg, Andreas Muhar, Maite Pellicer-Chenoll, José-Luis Toca-Herrera. Nature-based Tourism or Mass Tourism in Nature? Segmentation of Mountain Protected Area Visitors Using Self-Organizing Maps (SOM). Sustainability. 2019; 11 (5):1314.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKarolina Taczanowska; Luis-Millán González; Xavier García-Massó; Antoni Zięba; Christiane Brandenburg; Andreas Muhar; Maite Pellicer-Chenoll; José-Luis Toca-Herrera. 2019. "Nature-based Tourism or Mass Tourism in Nature? Segmentation of Mountain Protected Area Visitors Using Self-Organizing Maps (SOM)." Sustainability 11, no. 5: 1314.
Although the built environment and certain psychosocial factors are related to adolescents’ active commuting to and from school (ACS), their interrelationships have not been explored in depth. This study describes these interrelationships and behavioral profiles via a self-organizing map (SOM) analysis. The sample comprised 465 adolescents from the IPEN (International Physical Activity and the Environment Network) Adolescent study in Valencia, Spain. ACS, barriers to ACS, physical self-efficacy, social support and sociodemographics were measured by questionnaire. Street-network distance to school, net residential density and street intersection density were calculated from the Geographic Information System. The clustering of the SOM outcomes resulted in eight areas or clusters. The clusters which correspond to the lowest and highest ACS levels were then explored in depth. The lowest ACS levels presented interactions between the less supportive built environments (i.e., low levels of residential density and street connectivity in the neighborhood and greater distances to school) and unfavorable psychosocial variables (i.e., low values of physical self-efficacy and medium social support for ACS) and good access to private motorized transport at home. The adolescents with the lowest ACS values exhibited high ACS environment/safety and planning/psychosocial barrier values. Future interventions should be designed to encourage ACS and change multiple levels of influence, such as individual, psychosocial and environmental factors.
Javier Molina-García; Xavier García-Massó; Isaac Estevan; Ana Queralt. Built Environment, Psychosocial Factors and Active Commuting to School in Adolescents: Clustering a Self-Organizing Map Analysis. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2018, 16, 83 .
AMA StyleJavier Molina-García, Xavier García-Massó, Isaac Estevan, Ana Queralt. Built Environment, Psychosocial Factors and Active Commuting to School in Adolescents: Clustering a Self-Organizing Map Analysis. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2018; 16 (1):83.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJavier Molina-García; Xavier García-Massó; Isaac Estevan; Ana Queralt. 2018. "Built Environment, Psychosocial Factors and Active Commuting to School in Adolescents: Clustering a Self-Organizing Map Analysis." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 1: 83.
El objetivo de este estudio se centrará en la elaboración de un árbol de decisión como una técnica de análisis de datos que permita establecer combinaciones de factores de riesgo que puedan predisponer a padecer dolor de espalda en esta población. La muestra del estudio estuvo formada por 337 jóvenes con una edad de entre 12 y 17 años de un centro escolar de Castellón. Los sujetos cumplimentaron el Adolescent Sedentary Activity Questionnaire y el cuestionario Nórdico de Kuorinka. Además, se realizó una valoración del índice de masa corporal, del porcentaje de grasa corporal, de las características de la mochila escolar y del tiempo de transporte de esta y de la actividad física habitual (esta última mediante acelerometría). Estos factores se utilizaron como variables de entrada en un árbol de decisión, con el objetivo de clasificar a los adolescentes en función de si habían tenido o no algún episodio de dolor de espalda. El árbol mostró una exactitud del 78,39% en la clasificación de los estudiantes. La sensibilidad de la clasificación fue del 90,77% mientras que la especificidad fue del 63,21%. El árbol de decisión es una técnica de análisis que ha permitido encontrar combinaciones de factores de riesgo que están relacionados con la aparición de dolor de espalda en adolescentes. Los resultados hallados indican que la práctica de actividad física, el índice de masa corporal, el porcentaje de grasa, el tiempo de transporte de la mochila a la escuela, los minutos de actividades sedentarias realizados a la semana y los antecedentes familiares de dolor de espalda son factores relacionados con el dolor de espalda en la adolescencia. The aim of this study was to use a decision tree as a data analysis technique in order to establish combinations of risk factors that may predispose schoolchildren to suffer back pain. The study sample consisted of 337 young people between 12 and 17 years of age from a high school in Castellon, Spain. The subjects completed the Adolescent Sedentary Activity Questionnaire and the Kuorinka Nordic questionnaire. The study also included an assessment of the body mass index, body fat percentage, the characteristics of the school backpack, the time of transportation of the backpack, and habitual physical activity (latter by means of accelerometers). These factors were used as input variables in a decision tree, with the objective of classifying adolescents according to whether they had or had not a back pain episode. The tree showed an accuracy of 78.39% in student classification. The sensitivity of the classification was 90.77%, while the specificity was 63.21%. The decision tree is a useful analysis technique that has allowed finding combinations of risk factors associated with low back pain in adolescents. The findings suggest that practicing physical activity, the body mass index, body fat percentage, time of transportation of the backpack, minutes of sedentary activities, and family history of back pain are factors related to back pain in adolescents.
J. Bollado; Adrià Marco Ahulló; Israel Villarrasa-Sapiña; L.M. Gonzalez; X. García-Massó. Dolor de espalda en estudiantes de entre 12 y 17 años: aproximación multifactorial basada en árboles de decisión. Fisioterapia 2018, 40, 241 -248.
AMA StyleJ. Bollado, Adrià Marco Ahulló, Israel Villarrasa-Sapiña, L.M. Gonzalez, X. García-Massó. Dolor de espalda en estudiantes de entre 12 y 17 años: aproximación multifactorial basada en árboles de decisión. Fisioterapia. 2018; 40 (5):241-248.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJ. Bollado; Adrià Marco Ahulló; Israel Villarrasa-Sapiña; L.M. Gonzalez; X. García-Massó. 2018. "Dolor de espalda en estudiantes de entre 12 y 17 años: aproximación multifactorial basada en árboles de decisión." Fisioterapia 40, no. 5: 241-248.
Excess body weight during childhood causes reduced motor functionality and problems in postural control, a negative influence which has been reported in the literature. Nevertheless, no information regarding the effect of body composition on the postural control of overweight and obese children is available. The objective of this study was therefore to establish these relationships.A cross-sectional design was used to establish relationships between body composition and postural control variables obtained in bipedal eyes-open and eyes-closed conditions in twenty-two children. Centre of pressure signals were analysed in the temporal and frequency domains. Pearson correlations were applied to establish relationships between variables. Principal component analysis was applied to the body composition variables to avoid potential multicollinearity in the regression models. These principal components were used to perform a multiple linear regression analysis, from which regression models were obtained to predict postural control.Height and leg mass were the body composition variables that showed the highest correlation with postural control. Multiple regression models were also obtained and several of these models showed a higher correlation coefficient in predicting postural control than simple correlations. These models revealed that leg and trunk mass were good predictors of postural control. More equations were found in the eyes-open than eyes-closed condition.Body weight and height are negatively correlated with postural control. However, leg and trunk mass are better postural control predictors than arm or body mass. Finally, body composition variables are more useful in predicting postural control when the eyes are open.
Israel Villarrasa-Sapiña; Julio Álvarez-Pitti; Ruth Cabeza-Ruiz; Pau Redón; Empar Lurbe; Xavier García-Massó. Relationship between body composition and postural control in prepubertal overweight/obese children: A cross-sectional study. Clinical Biomechanics 2018, 52, 1 -6.
AMA StyleIsrael Villarrasa-Sapiña, Julio Álvarez-Pitti, Ruth Cabeza-Ruiz, Pau Redón, Empar Lurbe, Xavier García-Massó. Relationship between body composition and postural control in prepubertal overweight/obese children: A cross-sectional study. Clinical Biomechanics. 2018; 52 ():1-6.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIsrael Villarrasa-Sapiña; Julio Álvarez-Pitti; Ruth Cabeza-Ruiz; Pau Redón; Empar Lurbe; Xavier García-Massó. 2018. "Relationship between body composition and postural control in prepubertal overweight/obese children: A cross-sectional study." Clinical Biomechanics 52, no. : 1-6.
El objetivo del presente estudio fue analizar el efecto percibido de una intervención docente en el área de Educación Física basada en evaluación formativa y compartida. Se realizó una intervención a 340 participantes voluntarios (239 mujeres), divididos en grupos control (n = 206) e intervención (n = 134). Antes y después de la intervención se midió su percepción de competencia en evaluación y motivación hacia la Educación Física. Se halló un efecto principal de la intervención sobre la motivación del alumnado (p < 0,001), pero no sobre la percepción de competencia (p > 0,05). Tras el periodo docente, el grupo intervención aumentó su motivación mientras que el grupo control la disminuyó. Como conclusión, una intervención docente centrada en metodología activa-participativa e inclusión de evaluación formativa y compartida favorece que los futuros egresados mejoren su motivación hacia los contenidos de la asignatura de Educación Física, estableciéndose una relación causal.
Isaac Estevan; Javier Molina García; Xavier García Massó; Daniel Martos. Efecto de la Intervención Docente en la Percepción de Competencia y Motivación de Futuros Maestros de Primaria en Educación Física Utilizando la Evaluación Formativa y Compartida. Estudios pedagógicos (Valdivia) 2018, 44, 205 -221.
AMA StyleIsaac Estevan, Javier Molina García, Xavier García Massó, Daniel Martos. Efecto de la Intervención Docente en la Percepción de Competencia y Motivación de Futuros Maestros de Primaria en Educación Física Utilizando la Evaluación Formativa y Compartida. Estudios pedagógicos (Valdivia). 2018; 44 (2):205-221.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIsaac Estevan; Javier Molina García; Xavier García Massó; Daniel Martos. 2018. "Efecto de la Intervención Docente en la Percepción de Competencia y Motivación de Futuros Maestros de Primaria en Educación Física Utilizando la Evaluación Formativa y Compartida." Estudios pedagógicos (Valdivia) 44, no. 2: 205-221.
Mountain protected areas (PAs) aim to preserve vulnerable environments and at the same time encourage numerous outdoor leisure activities. Understanding the way people use natural environments is crucial to balance the needs of visitors and site capacities. This study aims to develop an approach to evaluate the structure and use of designated skiing zones in PAs combining Global Positioning System (GPS) tracking and analytical methods based on graph theory. The study is based on empirical data (n = 609 GPS tracks of backcountry skiers) collected in Tatra National Park (TNP), Poland. The physical structure of the entire skiing zones system has been simplified into a graph structure (structural network; undirected graph). In a second step, the actual use of the area by skiers (functional network; directed graph) was analyzed using a graph-theoretic approach. Network coherence (connectivity indices: β, γ, α), movement directions at path segments, and relative importance of network nodes (node centrality measures: degree, betweenness, closeness, and proximity prestige) were calculated. The system of designated backcountry skiing zones was not evenly used by the visitors. Therefore, the calculated parameters differ significantly between the structural and the functional network. In particular, measures related to the actually used trails are of high importance from the management point of view. Information about the most important node locations can be used for planning sign-posts, on-site maps, interpretative boards, or other tourist infrastructure.
Karolina Taczanowska; Mikołaj Bielański; Luis-Millán González; Xavier Garcia-Massó; José L. Toca-Herrera. Analyzing Spatial Behavior of Backcountry Skiers in Mountain Protected Areas Combining GPS Tracking and Graph Theory. Symmetry 2017, 9, 317 .
AMA StyleKarolina Taczanowska, Mikołaj Bielański, Luis-Millán González, Xavier Garcia-Massó, José L. Toca-Herrera. Analyzing Spatial Behavior of Backcountry Skiers in Mountain Protected Areas Combining GPS Tracking and Graph Theory. Symmetry. 2017; 9 (12):317.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKarolina Taczanowska; Mikołaj Bielański; Luis-Millán González; Xavier Garcia-Massó; José L. Toca-Herrera. 2017. "Analyzing Spatial Behavior of Backcountry Skiers in Mountain Protected Areas Combining GPS Tracking and Graph Theory." Symmetry 9, no. 12: 317.
In the present study our aim was to compare dual-task performance in thirteen adolescents and fifteen young adults while concurrently performing a cognitive and a motor task. The postural control variables were obtained under three different conditions: i) bipedal stance, ii) tandem stance and iii) unipedal stance. The cognitive task consisted of a backward digit span test in which the participants were asked to memorize a sequence of numbers and then repeat the number in reverse order at three different difficulty levels (i.e. with 3, 4 and 5 digits). The difficulty of the cognitive task was seen to have different effects on adolescents and young adults. Adolescents seem to prioritize postural control during high difficulty postural conditions while a cross-domain competition model appeared in easy postural conditions.
Pilar Bustillo-Casero; Israel Villarrasa-Sapiña; Xavier García-Massó. Effects of dual task difficulty in motor and cognitive performance: Differences between adults and adolescents. Human Movement Science 2017, 55, 8 -17.
AMA StylePilar Bustillo-Casero, Israel Villarrasa-Sapiña, Xavier García-Massó. Effects of dual task difficulty in motor and cognitive performance: Differences between adults and adolescents. Human Movement Science. 2017; 55 ():8-17.
Chicago/Turabian StylePilar Bustillo-Casero; Israel Villarrasa-Sapiña; Xavier García-Massó. 2017. "Effects of dual task difficulty in motor and cognitive performance: Differences between adults and adolescents." Human Movement Science 55, no. : 8-17.
Impact force is positively related to the weight of obese children, but lean mass helps to reduce the impact force in this population. Exercise could help obese persons to reduce their total body weight and increase their lean mass, thus reducing impact forces during sports and other activities.
Israel Villarrasa-Sapiña; Pilar Serra-Añó; Alberto Pardo-Ibáñez; Luis-Millán Gonzalez; Xavier García-Massó. Relationship between body composition and vertical ground reaction forces in obese children when walking. Clinical Biomechanics 2017, 41, 77 -81.
AMA StyleIsrael Villarrasa-Sapiña, Pilar Serra-Añó, Alberto Pardo-Ibáñez, Luis-Millán Gonzalez, Xavier García-Massó. Relationship between body composition and vertical ground reaction forces in obese children when walking. Clinical Biomechanics. 2017; 41 ():77-81.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIsrael Villarrasa-Sapiña; Pilar Serra-Añó; Alberto Pardo-Ibáñez; Luis-Millán Gonzalez; Xavier García-Massó. 2017. "Relationship between body composition and vertical ground reaction forces in obese children when walking." Clinical Biomechanics 41, no. : 77-81.