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Background Reported laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 cases underestimate the true burden of disease as cases without laboratory confirmation, and asymptomatic and mild cases are missed by local surveillance systems. Population-based seroprevalence studies can provide better estimates of burden of disease by taking into account infections that were missed by surveillance systems. Additionally, little is known about the determinants of seroconversion in community settings. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional serologic survey among 888 participants in Egypt. Results Neutralizing antibodies were detected in 30% of study volunteers. Age and educational level were associated with being seropositive as people older than 70 years and people with graduate degrees had lower seroprevalence. Self-reporting cases having COVID-19-related symptoms such as fever, malaise, headache, dyspnea, dry cough, chest pain, diarrhea, and loss of taste or smell were all associated with having antibodies. Fever and loss of taste or smell were strong predictors with odds ratios of 2.1 (95% confidence interval: 1.3–3.5) and 4.5 (95% confidence interval: 2.6–7.8), respectively. Conclusions Our results can guide COVID-19 prevention and control policies and assist in determining the immunity level in some Egyptian communities.
Amira S. El Rifay; Sara H. Mahmoud; Mohamed A. Marouf; Mokhtar R. Gomaa; Ahmed El Taweel; Noura M. Abo Shama; Mohamed GabAllah; Soha M. Abd El Dayem; Ahmed Kandeil; Ahmed Mostafa; Rabeh El‐Shesheny; Ghazi Kayali; Mohamed A. Ali. Determinants of having severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 neutralizing antibodies in Egypt. Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses 2021, 1 .
AMA StyleAmira S. El Rifay, Sara H. Mahmoud, Mohamed A. Marouf, Mokhtar R. Gomaa, Ahmed El Taweel, Noura M. Abo Shama, Mohamed GabAllah, Soha M. Abd El Dayem, Ahmed Kandeil, Ahmed Mostafa, Rabeh El‐Shesheny, Ghazi Kayali, Mohamed A. Ali. Determinants of having severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 neutralizing antibodies in Egypt. Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses. 2021; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAmira S. El Rifay; Sara H. Mahmoud; Mohamed A. Marouf; Mokhtar R. Gomaa; Ahmed El Taweel; Noura M. Abo Shama; Mohamed GabAllah; Soha M. Abd El Dayem; Ahmed Kandeil; Ahmed Mostafa; Rabeh El‐Shesheny; Ghazi Kayali; Mohamed A. Ali. 2021. "Determinants of having severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 neutralizing antibodies in Egypt." Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses , no. : 1.
Until now, there has been no direct evidence of the effectiveness of repurposed FDA-approved drugs against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections. Although curcumin, hesperidin, and quercetin have broad spectra of pharmacological properties, their antiviral activities against SARS-CoV-2 remain unclear. Our study aimed to assess the in vitro antiviral activities of curcumin, hesperidin, and quercetin against SARS-CoV-2 compared to hydroxychloroquine and determine their mode of action. In Vero E6 cells, these compounds significantly inhibited virus replication, mainly as virucidal agents primarily indicating their potential activity at the early stage of viral infection. To investigate the mechanism of action of the tested compounds, molecular docking studies were carried out against both SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) and main protease (Mpro) receptors. Collectively, the obtained in silico and in vitro findings suggest that the compounds could be promising SARS-CoV-2 Mpro inhibitors. We recommend further preclinical and clinical studies on the studied compounds to find a potential therapeutic targeting COVID-19 in the near future.
Ahmed Kandeil; Ahmed Mostafa; Omnia Kutkat; Yassmin Moatasim; Ahmed A. Al‐Karmalawy; Adel A. Rashad; Ahmed E. Kayed; Azza E. Kayed; Rabeh El-Shesheny; Ghazi Kayali; Mohamed A. Ali. Bioactive Polyphenolic Compounds Showing Strong Antiviral Activities against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2. Pathogens 2021, 10, 758 .
AMA StyleAhmed Kandeil, Ahmed Mostafa, Omnia Kutkat, Yassmin Moatasim, Ahmed A. Al‐Karmalawy, Adel A. Rashad, Ahmed E. Kayed, Azza E. Kayed, Rabeh El-Shesheny, Ghazi Kayali, Mohamed A. Ali. Bioactive Polyphenolic Compounds Showing Strong Antiviral Activities against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2. Pathogens. 2021; 10 (6):758.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAhmed Kandeil; Ahmed Mostafa; Omnia Kutkat; Yassmin Moatasim; Ahmed A. Al‐Karmalawy; Adel A. Rashad; Ahmed E. Kayed; Azza E. Kayed; Rabeh El-Shesheny; Ghazi Kayali; Mohamed A. Ali. 2021. "Bioactive Polyphenolic Compounds Showing Strong Antiviral Activities against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2." Pathogens 10, no. 6: 758.
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has seen a worldwide spread since its emergence in 2019, including to Lebanon, where 534,968 confirmed cases (8% of the population) and 7569 deaths have been reported as of 14 May 2021. With the genome sequencing of strains from various countries, several classification systems were established via genome comparison. For instance, the GISAID clades classification highlights key mutations in the encoded proteins that could potentially affect the virus’ infectivity and transmission rates. In this study, 58 genomes of Lebanese SARS-CoV-2 strains were analyzed, 28 of which were sequenced for this study, and 30 retrieved from the GISAID and GenBank databases. We aimed to classify these strains, establish their phylogenetic relationships, and extract the mutations causing amino acid substitutions within, particularly, the structural proteins. The sequenced Lebanese SARS-COV-2 strains were classified into four GISAID clades and 11 Pango lineages. Moreover, 21 uncommon mutations in the structural proteins were found in the newly sequenced strains, underlining interesting combinations of mutations in the spike proteins. Hence, this study constitutes an observation and description of the current SARS-CoV-2 genetic and clade situation in Lebanon according to the available sequenced strains.
Nancy Fayad; Walid Abi Habib; Ahmed Kandeil; Rabeh El-Shesheny; Mina Kamel; Youmna Mourad; Jacques Mokhbat; Ghazi Kayali; Jimi Goldstein; Jad Abdallah. SARS-CoV-2 Variants in Lebanon: Evolution and Current Situation. Biology 2021, 10, 531 .
AMA StyleNancy Fayad, Walid Abi Habib, Ahmed Kandeil, Rabeh El-Shesheny, Mina Kamel, Youmna Mourad, Jacques Mokhbat, Ghazi Kayali, Jimi Goldstein, Jad Abdallah. SARS-CoV-2 Variants in Lebanon: Evolution and Current Situation. Biology. 2021; 10 (6):531.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNancy Fayad; Walid Abi Habib; Ahmed Kandeil; Rabeh El-Shesheny; Mina Kamel; Youmna Mourad; Jacques Mokhbat; Ghazi Kayali; Jimi Goldstein; Jad Abdallah. 2021. "SARS-CoV-2 Variants in Lebanon: Evolution and Current Situation." Biology 10, no. 6: 531.
Influenza A viruses (IAV) of subtype H9N2, endemic in world-wide poultry holdings, are reported to cause spill-over infections to pigs and humans and have also contributed substantially to recent reassortment-derived pre-pandemic zoonotic viruses of concern, such as the Asian H7N9 viruses. Recently, a H9N2 bat influenza A virus was found in Egyptian fruit bats (Rousettus aegyptiacus), raising the question of whether this bat species is a suitable host for IAV. Here, we studied the susceptibility, pathogenesis and transmission of avian and bat-related H9N2 viruses in this new host. In a first experiment, we oronasally inoculated six Egyptian fruit bats with an avian-related H9N2 virus (A/layer chicken/Bangladesh/VP02-plaque/2016 (H9N2)). In a second experiment, six Egyptian fruit bats were inoculated with the newly discovered bat-related H9N2 virus (A/bat/Egypt/381OP/2017 (H9N2)). While R. aegyptiacus turned out to be refractory to an infection with H9N2 avian-type, inoculation with the bat H9N2 subtype established a productive infection in all inoculated animals with a detectable seroconversion at day 21 post-infection. In conclusion, Egyptian fruit bats are most likely not susceptible to the avian H9N2 subtype, but can be infected with fruit bat-derived H9N2. H9-specific sero-reactivities in fruit bats in the field are therefore more likely the result of contact with a bat-adapted H9N2 strain.
Nico Halwe; Marco Gorka; Bernd Hoffmann; Melanie Rissmann; ANGELE Breithaupt; Martin Schwemmle; Martin Beer; Ahmed Kandeil; Mohamed Ali; Ghazi Kayali; Donata Hoffmann; Anne Balkema-Buschmann. Egyptian Fruit Bats (Rousettus aegyptiacus) Were Resistant to Experimental Inoculation with Avian-Origin Influenza A Virus of Subtype H9N2, But Are Susceptible to Experimental Infection with Bat-Borne H9N2 Virus. Viruses 2021, 13, 672 .
AMA StyleNico Halwe, Marco Gorka, Bernd Hoffmann, Melanie Rissmann, ANGELE Breithaupt, Martin Schwemmle, Martin Beer, Ahmed Kandeil, Mohamed Ali, Ghazi Kayali, Donata Hoffmann, Anne Balkema-Buschmann. Egyptian Fruit Bats (Rousettus aegyptiacus) Were Resistant to Experimental Inoculation with Avian-Origin Influenza A Virus of Subtype H9N2, But Are Susceptible to Experimental Infection with Bat-Borne H9N2 Virus. Viruses. 2021; 13 (4):672.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNico Halwe; Marco Gorka; Bernd Hoffmann; Melanie Rissmann; ANGELE Breithaupt; Martin Schwemmle; Martin Beer; Ahmed Kandeil; Mohamed Ali; Ghazi Kayali; Donata Hoffmann; Anne Balkema-Buschmann. 2021. "Egyptian Fruit Bats (Rousettus aegyptiacus) Were Resistant to Experimental Inoculation with Avian-Origin Influenza A Virus of Subtype H9N2, But Are Susceptible to Experimental Infection with Bat-Borne H9N2 Virus." Viruses 13, no. 4: 672.
Genetic analysis of circulating avian influenza viruses (AIVs) in wild birds at different geographical regions during the same period could improve our knowledge about virus transmission dynamics in natural hosts, virus evolution as well as zoonotic potential. Here, we report the genetic and molecular characterization of H6N2 influenza viruses isolated from migratory birds in Turkey, Egypt, and Uganda during 2017–2018. The Egyptian and Turkish isolates were genetically closer to each other than they were to the virus isolated from Uganda. Our results also suggest that multiple reassortment events were involved in the genesis of the isolated viruses. All viruses contained molecular markers previously associated with increased replication and/or pathogenicity in mammals. The results of this study indicate that H6N2 viruses carried by migratory birds on the West Asian/East African and Mediterranean/Black Sea flyways have the potential to transmit to mammals including humans. Additionally, adaptation markers in these viruses indicate the potential risk for poultry, which also increases the possibility of human exposure to these viruses.
Yavuz Mercan; Gladys Atim; Ahmed Kayed; M. Azbazdar; Ahmed Kandeil; Mohamed Ali; Adam Rubrum; Pamela McKenzie; Richard Webby; Bernard Erima; Fred Wabwire-Mangen; Qouilazoni Ukuli; Titus Tugume; Denis Byarugaba; Ghazi Kayali; Mariette Ducatez; Zeynep Koçer. Molecular Characterization of Closely Related H6N2 Avian Influenza Viruses Isolated from Turkey, Egypt, and Uganda. Viruses 2021, 13, 607 .
AMA StyleYavuz Mercan, Gladys Atim, Ahmed Kayed, M. Azbazdar, Ahmed Kandeil, Mohamed Ali, Adam Rubrum, Pamela McKenzie, Richard Webby, Bernard Erima, Fred Wabwire-Mangen, Qouilazoni Ukuli, Titus Tugume, Denis Byarugaba, Ghazi Kayali, Mariette Ducatez, Zeynep Koçer. Molecular Characterization of Closely Related H6N2 Avian Influenza Viruses Isolated from Turkey, Egypt, and Uganda. Viruses. 2021; 13 (4):607.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYavuz Mercan; Gladys Atim; Ahmed Kayed; M. Azbazdar; Ahmed Kandeil; Mohamed Ali; Adam Rubrum; Pamela McKenzie; Richard Webby; Bernard Erima; Fred Wabwire-Mangen; Qouilazoni Ukuli; Titus Tugume; Denis Byarugaba; Ghazi Kayali; Mariette Ducatez; Zeynep Koçer. 2021. "Molecular Characterization of Closely Related H6N2 Avian Influenza Viruses Isolated from Turkey, Egypt, and Uganda." Viruses 13, no. 4: 607.
Since its emergence in 2014, the highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N8 virus has continuously and rapidly spread worldwide in the poultry sector resulting in huge economic losses. A typical inactivated H5N8 vaccine is prepared using the six internal genes from A/PR8/1934 (H1N1) and the two major antigenic proteins (HA and NA) from the circulating H5N8 strain with the HA modified to a low pathogenic form (PR8HA/NA-H5N8). The contribution of the other internal proteins from H5N8, either individually or in combination, to the overall protective efficacy of PR8-based H5N8 vaccine has not been investigated. Using reverse genetics, a set of PR8-based vaccines expressing the individual proteins from an H5N8 strain were rescued and compared to the parent PR8 and low pathogenic H5N8 strains and the commonly used PR8HA/NA-H5N8. Except for the PR8-based vaccine strains expressing the HA of H5N8, none of the rescued combinations could efficiently elicit virus-neutralizing antibodies. Compared to PR8, the non-HA viral proteins provided some protection to infected chickens six days post infection. We assume that this late protection was related to cell-based immunity rather than antibody-mediated immunity. This may explain the slight advantage of using full low pathogenic H5N8 instead of PR8HA/NA-H5N8 to improve protection by both the innate and the humoral arms of the immune system.
Yassmin Moatasim; Ahmed Kandeil; Ahmed Mostafa; Omnia Kutkat; Mohamed Sayes; Ahmed El Taweel; Maha AlKhazindar; Elsayed AbdElSalam; Rabeh El-Shesheny; Ghazi Kayali; Mohamed Ali. Impact of Individual Viral Gene Segments from Influenza A/H5N8 Virus on the Protective Efficacy of Inactivated Subtype-Specific Influenza Vaccine. Pathogens 2021, 10, 368 .
AMA StyleYassmin Moatasim, Ahmed Kandeil, Ahmed Mostafa, Omnia Kutkat, Mohamed Sayes, Ahmed El Taweel, Maha AlKhazindar, Elsayed AbdElSalam, Rabeh El-Shesheny, Ghazi Kayali, Mohamed Ali. Impact of Individual Viral Gene Segments from Influenza A/H5N8 Virus on the Protective Efficacy of Inactivated Subtype-Specific Influenza Vaccine. Pathogens. 2021; 10 (3):368.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYassmin Moatasim; Ahmed Kandeil; Ahmed Mostafa; Omnia Kutkat; Mohamed Sayes; Ahmed El Taweel; Maha AlKhazindar; Elsayed AbdElSalam; Rabeh El-Shesheny; Ghazi Kayali; Mohamed Ali. 2021. "Impact of Individual Viral Gene Segments from Influenza A/H5N8 Virus on the Protective Efficacy of Inactivated Subtype-Specific Influenza Vaccine." Pathogens 10, no. 3: 368.
SARS-CoV-2 virus is transmitted in closed settings to people in contact with COVID-19 patients such as healthcare workers and household contacts. However, household person-to-person transmission studies are limited. Households participating in an ongoing cohort study of influenza incidence and prevalence in rural Egypt were followed. Baseline enrollment was done from August 2015 to March 2017. The study protocol was amended in April 2020 to allow COVID-19 incidence and seroprevalence studies. A total of 290 households including 1598 participants were enrolled and followed from April to October 2020 in four study sites. When a participant showed respiratory illness symptoms, a serum sample and a nasal and an oropharyngeal swab were obtained. Swabs were tested by RT-PCR for SARS-CoV-2 infection. If positive, the subject was followed and swabs collected on days three, six, nine, and 14 after the first swab day and a serum sample obtained on day 14. All subjects residing with the index case were swabbed following the same sampling schedule. Sera were collected from cohort participants in October 2020 to assess seroprevalence. Swabs were tested by RT-PCR. Sera were tested by Microneutralization Assay to measure the neutralizing antibody titer. Incidence of COVID-19, household secondary attack rate, and seroprevalence in the cohort were determined. The incidence of COVID-19 was 6.9% and the household secondary attack rate was 89.8%. Transmission within households occurred within two-days of confirming the index case. Infections were asymptomatic or mild with symptoms resolving within 10 days. The majority developed a neutralizing antibody titer by day 14 post onset. The overall seroprevalence among cohort participants was 34.8%. These results suggest that within-household transmission is high in Egypt. Asymptomatic or mild illness is common. Most infections seroconvert and have a durable neutralizing antibody titer.
Mokhtar R. Gomaa; Amira S. El Rifay; Mahmoud Shehata; Ahmed Kandeil; Mina Nabil Kamel; Mohamed A. Marouf; Mohamed GabAllah; Ahmed El Taweel; Ahmed E. Kayed; Omnia Kutkat; Yassmin Moatasim; Sara H. Mahmoud; Noura M. Abo Shama; Mohamed El Sayes; Ahmed Mostafa; Rabeh El-Shesheny; Pamela P. McKenzie; Richard J. Webby; Ghazi Kayali; Mohamed A. Ali. Incidence, household transmission, and neutralizing antibody seroprevalence of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Egypt: Results of a community-based cohort. PLoS Pathogens 2021, 17, e1009413 .
AMA StyleMokhtar R. Gomaa, Amira S. El Rifay, Mahmoud Shehata, Ahmed Kandeil, Mina Nabil Kamel, Mohamed A. Marouf, Mohamed GabAllah, Ahmed El Taweel, Ahmed E. Kayed, Omnia Kutkat, Yassmin Moatasim, Sara H. Mahmoud, Noura M. Abo Shama, Mohamed El Sayes, Ahmed Mostafa, Rabeh El-Shesheny, Pamela P. McKenzie, Richard J. Webby, Ghazi Kayali, Mohamed A. Ali. Incidence, household transmission, and neutralizing antibody seroprevalence of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Egypt: Results of a community-based cohort. PLoS Pathogens. 2021; 17 (3):e1009413.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMokhtar R. Gomaa; Amira S. El Rifay; Mahmoud Shehata; Ahmed Kandeil; Mina Nabil Kamel; Mohamed A. Marouf; Mohamed GabAllah; Ahmed El Taweel; Ahmed E. Kayed; Omnia Kutkat; Yassmin Moatasim; Sara H. Mahmoud; Noura M. Abo Shama; Mohamed El Sayes; Ahmed Mostafa; Rabeh El-Shesheny; Pamela P. McKenzie; Richard J. Webby; Ghazi Kayali; Mohamed A. Ali. 2021. "Incidence, household transmission, and neutralizing antibody seroprevalence of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Egypt: Results of a community-based cohort." PLoS Pathogens 17, no. 3: e1009413.
Since the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 at the end of 2019, 64 candidate vaccines are in clinical development and 173 are in the pre-clinical phase. Five types of vaccines are currently approved for emergency use in many countries (Inactivated, Sinopharm; Viral-vector, Astrazeneca, and Gamaleya Research Institute; mRNA, Moderna, and BioNTech/Pfizer). The main challenge in this pandemic was the availability to produce an effective vaccine to be distributed to the world’s population in a short time. Herein, we developed a whole virus NRC-VACC-01 inactivated candidate SARS-CoV-2 vaccine and tested its safety and immunogenicity in laboratory animals. In the preclinical studies, we used four experimental animals (mice, rats, guinea pigs, and hamsters). Antibodies were detected as of week three post vaccination and continued up to week ten in the four experimental models. Safety evaluation of NRC-VACC-01 inactivated candidate vaccine in rats revealed that the vaccine was highly tolerable. By studying the effect of booster dose in the immunological profile of vaccinated mice, we observed an increase in neutralizing antibody titers after the booster shot, thus a booster dose was highly recommended after week three or four. Challenge infection of hamsters showed that the vaccinated group had lower morbidity and shedding than the control group. A phase I clinical trial will be performed to assess safety in human subjects.
Ahmed Kandeil; Ahmed Mostafa; Rehab Hegazy; Rabeh El-Shesheny; Ahmed El Taweel; Mokhtar Gomaa; Mahmoud Shehata; Marawan Elbaset; Ahmed Kayed; Sara Mahmoud; Yassmin Moatasim; Omnia Kutkat; Noha Yassen; Marwa Shabana; Mohamed GabAllah; Mina Kamel; Noura Abo Shama; Mohamed El Sayes; Amira Ahmed; Zahraa Elalfy; Bassim Mohamed; Safa Abd El-Fattah; Hazem El Hariri; Mona Abdel Kader; Osama Azmy; Ghazi Kayali; Mohamed Ali. Immunogenicity and Safety of an Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine: Preclinical Studies. Vaccines 2021, 9, 214 .
AMA StyleAhmed Kandeil, Ahmed Mostafa, Rehab Hegazy, Rabeh El-Shesheny, Ahmed El Taweel, Mokhtar Gomaa, Mahmoud Shehata, Marawan Elbaset, Ahmed Kayed, Sara Mahmoud, Yassmin Moatasim, Omnia Kutkat, Noha Yassen, Marwa Shabana, Mohamed GabAllah, Mina Kamel, Noura Abo Shama, Mohamed El Sayes, Amira Ahmed, Zahraa Elalfy, Bassim Mohamed, Safa Abd El-Fattah, Hazem El Hariri, Mona Abdel Kader, Osama Azmy, Ghazi Kayali, Mohamed Ali. Immunogenicity and Safety of an Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine: Preclinical Studies. Vaccines. 2021; 9 (3):214.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAhmed Kandeil; Ahmed Mostafa; Rehab Hegazy; Rabeh El-Shesheny; Ahmed El Taweel; Mokhtar Gomaa; Mahmoud Shehata; Marawan Elbaset; Ahmed Kayed; Sara Mahmoud; Yassmin Moatasim; Omnia Kutkat; Noha Yassen; Marwa Shabana; Mohamed GabAllah; Mina Kamel; Noura Abo Shama; Mohamed El Sayes; Amira Ahmed; Zahraa Elalfy; Bassim Mohamed; Safa Abd El-Fattah; Hazem El Hariri; Mona Abdel Kader; Osama Azmy; Ghazi Kayali; Mohamed Ali. 2021. "Immunogenicity and Safety of an Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine: Preclinical Studies." Vaccines 9, no. 3: 214.
Sub-Saharan Africa was historically considered an animal influenza cold spot, with only sporadic highly pathogenic H5 outbreaks detected over the last 20 years. However, in 2017, low pathogenic avian influenza A(H9N2) viruses were detected in poultry in Sub-Saharan Africa. Molecular, phylogenetic, and antigenic characterization of isolates from Benin, Togo, and Uganda showed that they belonged to the G1 lineage. Isolates from Benin and Togo clustered with viruses previously described in Western Africa, whereas viruses from Uganda were genetically distant and clustered with viruses from the Middle East. Viruses from Benin exhibited decreased cross-reactivity with those from Togo and Uganda, suggesting antigenic drift associated with reduced replication in Calu-3 cells. The viruses exhibited mammalian adaptation markers similar to those of the human strain A/Senegal/0243/2019 (H9N2). Therefore, viral genetic and antigenic surveillance in Africa is of paramount importance to detect further evolution or emergence of new zoonotic strains.
Maxime Fusade-Boyer; Fidélia Djegui; Komla Batawui; Denis K. Byuragaba; Jeremy C. Jones; Fred Wabwire-Mangeni; Bernard Erima; Gladys Atim; Qouilazoni A. Ukuli; Titus Tugume; Koffi Dogno; Komlan Adjabli; Mvibudulu Nzuzi; Rachidatou Adjin; Trushar Jeevan; Adam Rubrum; Wolali Go-Maro; Ghazi Kayali; Pamela McKenzie; Richard J. Webby; Mariette F. Ducatez. Antigenic and molecular characterization of low pathogenic avian influenza A(H9N2) viruses in sub-Saharan Africa from 2017 through 2019. Emerging Microbes & Infections 2021, 10, 753 -761.
AMA StyleMaxime Fusade-Boyer, Fidélia Djegui, Komla Batawui, Denis K. Byuragaba, Jeremy C. Jones, Fred Wabwire-Mangeni, Bernard Erima, Gladys Atim, Qouilazoni A. Ukuli, Titus Tugume, Koffi Dogno, Komlan Adjabli, Mvibudulu Nzuzi, Rachidatou Adjin, Trushar Jeevan, Adam Rubrum, Wolali Go-Maro, Ghazi Kayali, Pamela McKenzie, Richard J. Webby, Mariette F. Ducatez. Antigenic and molecular characterization of low pathogenic avian influenza A(H9N2) viruses in sub-Saharan Africa from 2017 through 2019. Emerging Microbes & Infections. 2021; 10 (1):753-761.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMaxime Fusade-Boyer; Fidélia Djegui; Komla Batawui; Denis K. Byuragaba; Jeremy C. Jones; Fred Wabwire-Mangeni; Bernard Erima; Gladys Atim; Qouilazoni A. Ukuli; Titus Tugume; Koffi Dogno; Komlan Adjabli; Mvibudulu Nzuzi; Rachidatou Adjin; Trushar Jeevan; Adam Rubrum; Wolali Go-Maro; Ghazi Kayali; Pamela McKenzie; Richard J. Webby; Mariette F. Ducatez. 2021. "Antigenic and molecular characterization of low pathogenic avian influenza A(H9N2) viruses in sub-Saharan Africa from 2017 through 2019." Emerging Microbes & Infections 10, no. 1: 753-761.
(1) Background: Drug repositioning is an unconventional drug discovery approach to explore new therapeutic benefits of existing drugs. Currently, it emerges as a rapid avenue to alleviate the COVID-19 pandemic disease. (2) Methods: Herein, we tested the antiviral activity of anti-microbial and anti-inflammatory Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved drugs, commonly prescribed to relieve respiratory symptoms, against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the viral causative agent of the COVID-19 pandemic. (3) Results: Of these FDA-approved antimicrobial drugs, Azithromycin, Niclosamide, and Nitazoxanide showed a promising ability to hinder the replication of a SARS-CoV-2 isolate, with IC50 of 0.32, 0.16, and 1.29 µM, respectively. We provided evidence that several antihistamine and anti-inflammatory drugs could partially reduce SARS-CoV-2 replication in vitro. Furthermore, this study showed that Azithromycin can selectively impair SARS-CoV-2 replication, but not the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV). A virtual screening study illustrated that Azithromycin, Niclosamide, and Nitazoxanide bind to the main protease of SARS-CoV-2 (Protein data bank (PDB) ID: 6lu7) in binding mode similar to the reported co-crystalized ligand. Also, Niclosamide displayed hydrogen bond (HB) interaction with the key peptide moiety GLN: 493A of the spike glycoprotein active site. (4) Conclusions: The results suggest that Piroxicam should be prescribed in combination with Azithromycin for COVID-19 patients.
Ahmed Mostafa; Ahmed Kandeil; Yaseen A. M. M. Elshaier; Omnia Kutkat; Yassmin Moatasim; Adel A. Rashad; Mahmoud Shehata; Mokhtar R. Gomaa; Noura Mahrous; Sara H. Mahmoud; Mohamed Gaballah; Hisham Abbas; Ahmed El Taweel; Ahmed E. Kayed; Mina Nabil Kamel; Mohamed El Sayes; Dina B. Mahmoud; Rabeh El-Shesheny; Ghazi Kayali; Mohamed A. Ali. FDA-Approved Drugs with Potent In Vitro Antiviral Activity against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2. Pharmaceuticals 2020, 13, 443 .
AMA StyleAhmed Mostafa, Ahmed Kandeil, Yaseen A. M. M. Elshaier, Omnia Kutkat, Yassmin Moatasim, Adel A. Rashad, Mahmoud Shehata, Mokhtar R. Gomaa, Noura Mahrous, Sara H. Mahmoud, Mohamed Gaballah, Hisham Abbas, Ahmed El Taweel, Ahmed E. Kayed, Mina Nabil Kamel, Mohamed El Sayes, Dina B. Mahmoud, Rabeh El-Shesheny, Ghazi Kayali, Mohamed A. Ali. FDA-Approved Drugs with Potent In Vitro Antiviral Activity against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2. Pharmaceuticals. 2020; 13 (12):443.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAhmed Mostafa; Ahmed Kandeil; Yaseen A. M. M. Elshaier; Omnia Kutkat; Yassmin Moatasim; Adel A. Rashad; Mahmoud Shehata; Mokhtar R. Gomaa; Noura Mahrous; Sara H. Mahmoud; Mohamed Gaballah; Hisham Abbas; Ahmed El Taweel; Ahmed E. Kayed; Mina Nabil Kamel; Mohamed El Sayes; Dina B. Mahmoud; Rabeh El-Shesheny; Ghazi Kayali; Mohamed A. Ali. 2020. "FDA-Approved Drugs with Potent In Vitro Antiviral Activity against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2." Pharmaceuticals 13, no. 12: 443.
Using convalescent plasma as immunotherapy is an old method for treatment of infectious diseases. Several countries have recently allowed the use of such therapy for the treatment of COVID-19 patients especially those who are critically ill. A similar program is currently being tested in Egypt. Here, we tested 227 plasma samples from convalescent donors in Egypt for neutralizing antibodies against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) using a microneutralization (MN) assay. A third of the tested samples did not have antibody titers and 58% had titers between 1:10 and 1:80. Only 12% had titers >1:160. We also compared MN assays using different virus concentrations, plaque reduction neutralization (PRNT) assays, and a chemiluminescence assay that measures immunoglobulin G (IgG) binding to N and S proteins of SARS-CoV-2. Our results indicated that a MN assay using 100 TCID50/ml provides comparable results to PRNT and allows for high throughput testing.
Mokhtar R. Gomaa; Ahmed Kandeil; Ahmed Mostafa; Wael H. Roshdy; Ahmed E. Kayed; Mahmoud Shehata; Omnia Kutkat; Yassmin Moatasim; Ahmed El Taweel; Sara H. Mahmoud; Mina Nabil Kamel; Noura M. Abo Shama; Mohamed El Sayes; Rabeh El-Shesheny; Osama H. Bakheet; Mohamed A. Elgohary; Mohamed Elbadry; Naguib N. Nassif; Salwa H. Ahmed; Ibrahim Y. Abdel Messih; Ghazi Kayali; Mohamed A. Ali. Prevalence of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Neutralizing Antibodies in Egyptian Convalescent Plasma Donors. Frontiers in Microbiology 2020, 11, 596851 .
AMA StyleMokhtar R. Gomaa, Ahmed Kandeil, Ahmed Mostafa, Wael H. Roshdy, Ahmed E. Kayed, Mahmoud Shehata, Omnia Kutkat, Yassmin Moatasim, Ahmed El Taweel, Sara H. Mahmoud, Mina Nabil Kamel, Noura M. Abo Shama, Mohamed El Sayes, Rabeh El-Shesheny, Osama H. Bakheet, Mohamed A. Elgohary, Mohamed Elbadry, Naguib N. Nassif, Salwa H. Ahmed, Ibrahim Y. Abdel Messih, Ghazi Kayali, Mohamed A. Ali. Prevalence of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Neutralizing Antibodies in Egyptian Convalescent Plasma Donors. Frontiers in Microbiology. 2020; 11 ():596851.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMokhtar R. Gomaa; Ahmed Kandeil; Ahmed Mostafa; Wael H. Roshdy; Ahmed E. Kayed; Mahmoud Shehata; Omnia Kutkat; Yassmin Moatasim; Ahmed El Taweel; Sara H. Mahmoud; Mina Nabil Kamel; Noura M. Abo Shama; Mohamed El Sayes; Rabeh El-Shesheny; Osama H. Bakheet; Mohamed A. Elgohary; Mohamed Elbadry; Naguib N. Nassif; Salwa H. Ahmed; Ibrahim Y. Abdel Messih; Ghazi Kayali; Mohamed A. Ali. 2020. "Prevalence of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Neutralizing Antibodies in Egyptian Convalescent Plasma Donors." Frontiers in Microbiology 11, no. : 596851.
Due to the challenges for developing vaccines in devastating pandemic situations of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), developing and screening of novel antiviral agents are peremptorily demanded. Herein, we developed EGYVIR as a potent immunomodulatory herbal extract with promising antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2. It constitutes of a combination of black pepper extract with curcumin extract. The antiviral effect of EGYVIR extract is attributed to the two key phases of the disease in severe cases. First, the inhibition of the nuclear translocation of NF-kβ p50, attenuating the SARS-CoV-2 infection-associated cytokine storm. Additionally, the EGYVIR extract has an in vitro virucidal effect for SARS-CoV-2. The in vitro study of EGYVIR extract against SARS-CoV-2 on Huh-7 cell lines, revealed the potential role of NF-kβ/TNFα/IL-6 during the infection process. EGYVIR antagonizes the NF-kβ pathway in-silico and in-vitro studies. Consequently, it has the potential to hinder the release of IL-6 and TNFα, decreasing the production of essential cytokines storm elements.
Wael H. Roshdy; Helmy A. Rashed; Ahmed Kandeil; Ahmed Mostafa; Yassmin Moatasim; Omnia Kutkat; Noura M. Abo Shama; Mokhtar R. Gomaa; Ibrahim H. El-Sayed; Nancy M. El Guindy; Amal Naguib; Ghazi Kayali; Mohamed A. Ali. EGYVIR: An immunomodulatory herbal extract with potent antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2. PLoS ONE 2020, 15, e0241739 .
AMA StyleWael H. Roshdy, Helmy A. Rashed, Ahmed Kandeil, Ahmed Mostafa, Yassmin Moatasim, Omnia Kutkat, Noura M. Abo Shama, Mokhtar R. Gomaa, Ibrahim H. El-Sayed, Nancy M. El Guindy, Amal Naguib, Ghazi Kayali, Mohamed A. Ali. EGYVIR: An immunomodulatory herbal extract with potent antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2. PLoS ONE. 2020; 15 (11):e0241739.
Chicago/Turabian StyleWael H. Roshdy; Helmy A. Rashed; Ahmed Kandeil; Ahmed Mostafa; Yassmin Moatasim; Omnia Kutkat; Noura M. Abo Shama; Mokhtar R. Gomaa; Ibrahim H. El-Sayed; Nancy M. El Guindy; Amal Naguib; Ghazi Kayali; Mohamed A. Ali. 2020. "EGYVIR: An immunomodulatory herbal extract with potent antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2." PLoS ONE 15, no. 11: e0241739.
Anecdotal evidence showed a negative correlation between Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination and incidence of COVID-19. Incidence of the disease in children is much lower than in adults. It is hypothesized that BCG and other childhood vaccinations may provide some protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection through trained or adaptive immune responses. Here, we tested whether BCG, Pneumococcal, Rotavirus, Diphtheria, Tetanus, Pertussis, Hepatitis B, Haemophilus influenzae, Hepatitis B, Meningococcal, Measles, Mumps, and Rubella vaccines provide cross-reactive neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in BALB/c mice. Results indicated that none of these vaccines provided antibodies capable of neutralizing SARS-CoV-2 up to seven weeks post vaccination. We conclude that if such vaccines have any role in COVID-19 immunity, this role is not antibody-mediated.
Ahmed Kandeil; Mokhtar R. Gomaa; Ahmed El Taweel; Ahmed Mostafa; Mahmoud Shehata; Ahmed E. Kayed; Omnia Kutkat; Yassmin Moatasim; Sara H. Mahmoud; Mina Nabil Kamel; Noura M. Abo Shama; Mohamed El Sayes; Rabeh El-Shesheny; Mahmoud A. Yassien; Richard J. Webby; Ghazi Kayali; Mohamed A. Ali. Common childhood vaccines do not elicit a cross-reactive antibody response against SARS-CoV-2. PLOS ONE 2020, 15, e0241471 .
AMA StyleAhmed Kandeil, Mokhtar R. Gomaa, Ahmed El Taweel, Ahmed Mostafa, Mahmoud Shehata, Ahmed E. Kayed, Omnia Kutkat, Yassmin Moatasim, Sara H. Mahmoud, Mina Nabil Kamel, Noura M. Abo Shama, Mohamed El Sayes, Rabeh El-Shesheny, Mahmoud A. Yassien, Richard J. Webby, Ghazi Kayali, Mohamed A. Ali. Common childhood vaccines do not elicit a cross-reactive antibody response against SARS-CoV-2. PLOS ONE. 2020; 15 (10):e0241471.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAhmed Kandeil; Mokhtar R. Gomaa; Ahmed El Taweel; Ahmed Mostafa; Mahmoud Shehata; Ahmed E. Kayed; Omnia Kutkat; Yassmin Moatasim; Sara H. Mahmoud; Mina Nabil Kamel; Noura M. Abo Shama; Mohamed El Sayes; Rabeh El-Shesheny; Mahmoud A. Yassien; Richard J. Webby; Ghazi Kayali; Mohamed A. Ali. 2020. "Common childhood vaccines do not elicit a cross-reactive antibody response against SARS-CoV-2." PLOS ONE 15, no. 10: e0241471.
Egypt is a hotspot for H5- and H9-subtype avian influenza A virus (AIV) infections and co-infections in poultry by both subtypes have been frequently reported. However, natural genetic reassortment of these subtypes has not been reported yet. Here, we evaluated the genetic compatibility and replication efficiency of reassortants between recent isolates of an Egyptian H5N1 and a H9N2 AIV (H5N1EGY and H9N2EGY). All internal viral proteins-encoding segments of the contemporaneous G1-like H9N2EGY, expressed individually and in combination in the genetic background of H5N1EGY, were genetically compatible with the other H5N1EGY segments. At 37 °C the replication efficiencies of H5N1EGY reassortants expressing the H9N2EGY polymerase subunits PB2 and PA (H5N1PB2-H9N2EGY, H5N1PA-H9N2EGY) were higher than the wild-type H5N1EGY in Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK-II) cells. This could not be correlated to viral polymerase activity as this was found to be improved for H5N1PB2-H9N2EGY, but reduced for H5N1PA-H9N2EGY. At 33 °C and 39 °C, H5N1PB2-H9N2EGY and H5N1PA-H9N2EGY replicated to higher levels than the wild-type H5N1EGY in human Calu-3 and A549 cell lines. Nevertheless, in BALB/c mice both reassortants caused reduced mortality compared to the wild-type H5N1EGY. Genetic analysis of the polymerase-encoding segments revealed that the PAH9N2EGY and PB2H9N2EGY encode for a distinct uncharacterized mammalian-like variation (367K) and a well-known mammalian signature (591K), respectively. Introducing the single substitution 367K into the PA of H5N1EGY enabled the mutant virus H5N1PA-R367K to replicate more efficiently at 37 °C in primary human bronchial epithelial (NHBE) cells and also in A549 and Calu-3 cells at 33 °C and 39 °C. Furthermore, H5N1PA-R367K caused higher mortality in BALB/c mice. These findings demonstrate that H5N1 (Clade 2.2.1.2) reassortants carrying internal proteins-encoding segments of G1-like H9N2 viruses can emerge and may gain improved replication fitness. Thereby such H5N1/H9N2 reassortants could augment the zoonotic potential of H5N1 viruses, especially by acquiring unique mammalian-like aa signatures.
Ahmed Mostafa; Sara H. Mahmoud; Mahmoud Shehata; Christin Müller; Ahmed Kandeil; Rabeh El-Shesheny; Hanaa Z. Nooh; Ghazi Kayali; Mohamed A. Ali; Stephan Pleschka. PA from a Recent H9N2 (G1-Like) Avian Influenza a Virus (AIV) Strain Carrying Lysine 367 Confers Altered Replication Efficiency and Pathogenicity to Contemporaneous H5N1 in Mammalian Systems. Viruses 2020, 12, 1046 .
AMA StyleAhmed Mostafa, Sara H. Mahmoud, Mahmoud Shehata, Christin Müller, Ahmed Kandeil, Rabeh El-Shesheny, Hanaa Z. Nooh, Ghazi Kayali, Mohamed A. Ali, Stephan Pleschka. PA from a Recent H9N2 (G1-Like) Avian Influenza a Virus (AIV) Strain Carrying Lysine 367 Confers Altered Replication Efficiency and Pathogenicity to Contemporaneous H5N1 in Mammalian Systems. Viruses. 2020; 12 (9):1046.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAhmed Mostafa; Sara H. Mahmoud; Mahmoud Shehata; Christin Müller; Ahmed Kandeil; Rabeh El-Shesheny; Hanaa Z. Nooh; Ghazi Kayali; Mohamed A. Ali; Stephan Pleschka. 2020. "PA from a Recent H9N2 (G1-Like) Avian Influenza a Virus (AIV) Strain Carrying Lysine 367 Confers Altered Replication Efficiency and Pathogenicity to Contemporaneous H5N1 in Mammalian Systems." Viruses 12, no. 9: 1046.
Currently enzootic avian influenza H5N1, H9N2, and H5N8 viruses were introduced into poultry in Egypt in 2006, 2011, and 2016, respectively. Infections with H5N1 and H9N2 were reported among poultry-exposed humans. We followed 2,402 persons from households raising backyard poultry from 5 villages in Egypt during August 2015–March 2019. We collected demographic, exposure, and health condition data and annual serum samples from each participant and obtained swab samples from participants reporting influenza-like illness symptoms. We performed serologic and molecular analyses and detected 4 cases of infection with H5N1 and 3 cases with H9N2. We detected very low seroprevalence of H5N1 antibodies and no H5N8 antibodies among the cohort; up to 11% had H9 antibodies. None of the exposure, health status, or demographic variables were related to being seropositive. Our findings indicate that avian influenza remains a public health risk in Eqypt, but infections may go undetected because of their mild or asymptomatic nature.
Mokhtar R. Gomaa; Amira S. El Rifay; Dina Abu Zeid; Mona A. Elabd; Eman Elabd; Ahmed Kandeil; Noura M. Abo Shama; Mina N. Kamel; Mohamed A. Marouf; Ahmed Barakat; Samir Refaey; Amal Naguib; Pamela P. McKenzie; Richard J. Webby; Mohamed A. Ali; Ghazi Kayali. Incidence and Seroprevalence of Avian Influenza in a Cohort of Backyard Poultry Growers, Egypt, August 2015–March 2019. Emerging Infectious Diseases 2020, 26, 2129 -2136.
AMA StyleMokhtar R. Gomaa, Amira S. El Rifay, Dina Abu Zeid, Mona A. Elabd, Eman Elabd, Ahmed Kandeil, Noura M. Abo Shama, Mina N. Kamel, Mohamed A. Marouf, Ahmed Barakat, Samir Refaey, Amal Naguib, Pamela P. McKenzie, Richard J. Webby, Mohamed A. Ali, Ghazi Kayali. Incidence and Seroprevalence of Avian Influenza in a Cohort of Backyard Poultry Growers, Egypt, August 2015–March 2019. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2020; 26 (9):2129-2136.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMokhtar R. Gomaa; Amira S. El Rifay; Dina Abu Zeid; Mona A. Elabd; Eman Elabd; Ahmed Kandeil; Noura M. Abo Shama; Mina N. Kamel; Mohamed A. Marouf; Ahmed Barakat; Samir Refaey; Amal Naguib; Pamela P. McKenzie; Richard J. Webby; Mohamed A. Ali; Ghazi Kayali. 2020. "Incidence and Seroprevalence of Avian Influenza in a Cohort of Backyard Poultry Growers, Egypt, August 2015–March 2019." Emerging Infectious Diseases 26, no. 9: 2129-2136.
Coronaviruses belong to a large family of viruses that can cause disease outbreaks ranging from the common cold to acute respiratory syndrome. Since 2003, three zoonotic members of this family evolved to cross species barriers infecting humans and resulting in relatively high case fatality rates (CFR). Compared to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-CoV, CFR = 10%) and pandemic Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, CFR = 6%), the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) has scored the highest CFR (approximately 35%). In this review, we systematically summarize the current state of scientific knowledge about MERS-CoV, including virology and origin, epidemiology, zoonotic mode of transmission, and potential therapeutic or prophylactic intervention modalities.
Ahmed Mostafa; Ahmed Kandeil; Mahmoud Shehata; Rabeh El Shesheny; Abdallah Samy; Ghazi Kayali; Mohamed A. Ali. Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV): State of the Science. Microorganisms 2020, 8, 991 .
AMA StyleAhmed Mostafa, Ahmed Kandeil, Mahmoud Shehata, Rabeh El Shesheny, Abdallah Samy, Ghazi Kayali, Mohamed A. Ali. Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV): State of the Science. Microorganisms. 2020; 8 (7):991.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAhmed Mostafa; Ahmed Kandeil; Mahmoud Shehata; Rabeh El Shesheny; Abdallah Samy; Ghazi Kayali; Mohamed A. Ali. 2020. "Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV): State of the Science." Microorganisms 8, no. 7: 991.
Astroviruses belong to Astroviridae family which includes two main genera: Mamastroviruses that infect mammals, and Avastroviruses that infect avian hosts. Bats and wild birds are considered among the natural reservoirs for astroviruses. Infections in humans are associated with severe gastroenteritis, especially among children. We conducted surveillance for astroviruses in bats, wild birds, and humans in Egypt. Our results indicated relatively high prevalence of astroviruses in those hosts. Phylogenetic analysis revealed diversity of these viruses within hosts. Detected human viruses showed similarity with classic and variant human astroviruses, as well as similarity with animal-origin viruses. Viruses in bats were dispersed, with similarities to other bat viruses as well as other mammalian, including human, viruses. Wild bird viruses varied and were related to other avastroviruses, as well as human astroviruses. Our results indicate that astroviruses are common in bats, wild birds, and humans in Egypt, with a wide gene pool. Potential cross-species transmission may be occurring but should be verified by further surveillance and molecular studies.
Ahmed El Taweel; Ahmed Kandeil; Ahmed Barakat; Omar Alfaroq Rabiee; Ghazi Kayali; Mohamed Ahmed Ali. Diversity of Astroviruses Circulating in Humans, Bats, and Wild Birds in Egypt. Viruses 2020, 12, 485 .
AMA StyleAhmed El Taweel, Ahmed Kandeil, Ahmed Barakat, Omar Alfaroq Rabiee, Ghazi Kayali, Mohamed Ahmed Ali. Diversity of Astroviruses Circulating in Humans, Bats, and Wild Birds in Egypt. Viruses. 2020; 12 (5):485.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAhmed El Taweel; Ahmed Kandeil; Ahmed Barakat; Omar Alfaroq Rabiee; Ghazi Kayali; Mohamed Ahmed Ali. 2020. "Diversity of Astroviruses Circulating in Humans, Bats, and Wild Birds in Egypt." Viruses 12, no. 5: 485.
Ghazi Kayali; Amira S. El Rifay; Wasiq Khan; Mamun Malik. One Health Framework for Action for the WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region, as applied to avian influenza. Journal of Infection and Public Health 2020, 13, 461 .
AMA StyleGhazi Kayali, Amira S. El Rifay, Wasiq Khan, Mamun Malik. One Health Framework for Action for the WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region, as applied to avian influenza. Journal of Infection and Public Health. 2020; 13 (3):461.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGhazi Kayali; Amira S. El Rifay; Wasiq Khan; Mamun Malik. 2020. "One Health Framework for Action for the WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region, as applied to avian influenza." Journal of Infection and Public Health 13, no. 3: 461.
Ahmed Kandeil; Ghazi Kayali; Mohamed Ahmed Ali. Insights into the current situation of avian influenza H9N2 viruses circulating in Egypt. Journal of Infection and Public Health 2020, 13, 460 -461.
AMA StyleAhmed Kandeil, Ghazi Kayali, Mohamed Ahmed Ali. Insights into the current situation of avian influenza H9N2 viruses circulating in Egypt. Journal of Infection and Public Health. 2020; 13 (3):460-461.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAhmed Kandeil; Ghazi Kayali; Mohamed Ahmed Ali. 2020. "Insights into the current situation of avian influenza H9N2 viruses circulating in Egypt." Journal of Infection and Public Health 13, no. 3: 460-461.
Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) became a global human health threat since its first documentation in humans in 2012. An efficient vaccine for the prophylaxis of humans in hotspots of the infection (e.g., Saudi Arabia) is necessary but no commercial vaccines are yet approved. In this study, a chimeric DNA construct was designed to encode an influenza A/H1N1 NA protein which is flanking immunogenic amino acids (aa) 736–761 of MERS-CoV spike protein. Using the generated chimeric construct, a novel recombinant vaccine strain against pandemic influenza A virus (H1N1pdm09) and MERS-CoV was generated (chimeric bivalent 5 + 3). The chimeric bivalent 5 + 3 vaccine strain comprises a recombinant PR8-based vaccine, expressing the PB1, HA, and chimeric NA of pandemic 2009 H1N1. Interestingly, an increase in replication efficiency of the generated vaccine strain was observed when compared to the PR8-based 5 + 3 H1N1pdm09 vaccine strain that lacks the MERS-CoV spike peptide insert. In BALB/c mice, the inactivated chimeric bivalent vaccine induced potent and specific neutralizing antibodies against MERS-CoV and H1N1pdm09. This novel approach succeeded in developing a recombinant influenza virus with potential use as a bivalent vaccine against H1N1pdm09 and MERS-CoV. This approach provides a basis for the future development of chimeric influenza-based vaccines against MERS-CoV and other viruses.
Mahmoud M. Shehata; Ahmed Kandeil; Ahmed Mostafa; Sara H. Mahmoud; Mokhtar R. Gomaa; Rabeh El-Shesheny; Richard Webby; Ghazi Kayali; Mohamed A. Ali. A Recombinant Influenza A/H1N1 Carrying A Short Immunogenic Peptide of MERS-CoV as Bivalent Vaccine in BALB/c Mice. Pathogens 2019, 8, 281 .
AMA StyleMahmoud M. Shehata, Ahmed Kandeil, Ahmed Mostafa, Sara H. Mahmoud, Mokhtar R. Gomaa, Rabeh El-Shesheny, Richard Webby, Ghazi Kayali, Mohamed A. Ali. A Recombinant Influenza A/H1N1 Carrying A Short Immunogenic Peptide of MERS-CoV as Bivalent Vaccine in BALB/c Mice. Pathogens. 2019; 8 (4):281.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMahmoud M. Shehata; Ahmed Kandeil; Ahmed Mostafa; Sara H. Mahmoud; Mokhtar R. Gomaa; Rabeh El-Shesheny; Richard Webby; Ghazi Kayali; Mohamed A. Ali. 2019. "A Recombinant Influenza A/H1N1 Carrying A Short Immunogenic Peptide of MERS-CoV as Bivalent Vaccine in BALB/c Mice." Pathogens 8, no. 4: 281.