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The potential of persimmon peel waste (PPF) as renewable active filler in biobased polyethylene composites, with improved antioxidant properties and resistance to water uptake is shown. To improve the interaction between the hydrophilic biofiller and the highly hydrophobic matrix, several compatibilization approaches are assessed. The first approach consists of using a polyethylene grafted copolymer with maleic anhydride (PE-g-MA). The second approach consists of modifying the PPF surface with two treatments before compounding with Bio-HDPE. The first consists on conventional silanization with (3-glycidyloxypropyl)trimethoxysilane, while the second consists on esterification with palmitoyl chloride. The results show an improvement of the matrix/biofiller interaction, as observed by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), leading to an increase in Young's modulus of 10% in composites compatibilized with PE-g-MA, and silanized PPF compared to composites without compatibilizer and no surface treatment on PPF. Interestingly, treatment with palmitoyl chloride leads to an increase in the hydrophobic behavior of composites keeping the water contact angle virtually constant at 128°. This effect is also reflected in a clear decrease in water absorption capacity of only 0.3 wt% over 9 weeks. Finally, PPF increases stabilization against oxidation, improving the oxidation induction time from 4.8 min (Bio-HDPE) to 82.5 min for composites with silanized PPF.
Sandra Rojas‐Lema; Diego Lascano; Juan Ivorra‐Martinez; Jaume Gomez‐Caturla; Rafael Balart; Daniel Garcia‐Garcia. Manufacturing and Characterization of High‐Density Polyethylene Composites with Active Fillers from Persimmon Peel Flour with Improved Antioxidant Activity and Hydrophobicity. Macromolecular Materials and Engineering 2021, 2100430 .
AMA StyleSandra Rojas‐Lema, Diego Lascano, Juan Ivorra‐Martinez, Jaume Gomez‐Caturla, Rafael Balart, Daniel Garcia‐Garcia. Manufacturing and Characterization of High‐Density Polyethylene Composites with Active Fillers from Persimmon Peel Flour with Improved Antioxidant Activity and Hydrophobicity. Macromolecular Materials and Engineering. 2021; ():2100430.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSandra Rojas‐Lema; Diego Lascano; Juan Ivorra‐Martinez; Jaume Gomez‐Caturla; Rafael Balart; Daniel Garcia‐Garcia. 2021. "Manufacturing and Characterization of High‐Density Polyethylene Composites with Active Fillers from Persimmon Peel Flour with Improved Antioxidant Activity and Hydrophobicity." Macromolecular Materials and Engineering , no. : 2100430.
The curing process of epoxy resin based on epoxidized linseed oil (ELO) is studied using dynamic differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) in order to determine the kinetic triplet (Ea ,
Diego Lascano; Alejandro Lerma-Canto; Vicent Fombuena; Rafael Balart; Nestor Montanes; Luis Quiles-Carrillo. Kinetic Analysis of the Curing Process of Biobased Epoxy Resin from Epoxidized Linseed Oil by Dynamic Differential Scanning Calorimetry. Polymers 2021, 13, 1279 .
AMA StyleDiego Lascano, Alejandro Lerma-Canto, Vicent Fombuena, Rafael Balart, Nestor Montanes, Luis Quiles-Carrillo. Kinetic Analysis of the Curing Process of Biobased Epoxy Resin from Epoxidized Linseed Oil by Dynamic Differential Scanning Calorimetry. Polymers. 2021; 13 (8):1279.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDiego Lascano; Alejandro Lerma-Canto; Vicent Fombuena; Rafael Balart; Nestor Montanes; Luis Quiles-Carrillo. 2021. "Kinetic Analysis of the Curing Process of Biobased Epoxy Resin from Epoxidized Linseed Oil by Dynamic Differential Scanning Calorimetry." Polymers 13, no. 8: 1279.
This research reports the manufacturing and characterization of green composites made from recycled polypropylene obtained from the remnants of polypropylene non-woven fabrics used in the textile industry and further reinforced with short hemp fibers (SHFs). To improve the interaction of the reinforcing fibers with the recycled polymeric matrix, two types of compatibilizing agents (maleic anhydride grafted, PP-g-MA, and maleinized linseed oil, MLO) were added during melt-processing, the percentage of which had to remain constant concerning the amount of fiber loading to ensure complete reactivity. Standardized test specimens were obtained by injection molding. The composites were characterized by mechanical (tensile, impact, and hardness), thermal (DSC, TGA), thermomechanical, FTIR, and FESEM microscopy tests. In addition, color and water uptake properties were also analyzed. The results show that the addition of PP-g-MA to rPP was satisfactory, thus improving the fiber-matrix interaction, resulting in a marked reinforcing effect of the hemp fibers in the recycled PP matrix, which can be reflected in the increased stiffness of the samples. In parallel to the compatibilizing effect, a plasticizing effect was obtained by incorporating MLO, causing a decrease in the glass transition temperature of the composites by approximately 6 °C and an increase in ductility compared to the unfilled recycled polypropylene samples.
Francisco Burgada; Eduardo Fages; Luis Quiles-Carrillo; Diego Lascano; Juan Ivorra-Martinez; Marina Arrieta; Octavio Fenollar. Upgrading Recycled Polypropylene from Textile Wastes in Wood Plastic Composites with Short Hemp Fiber. Polymers 2021, 13, 1248 .
AMA StyleFrancisco Burgada, Eduardo Fages, Luis Quiles-Carrillo, Diego Lascano, Juan Ivorra-Martinez, Marina Arrieta, Octavio Fenollar. Upgrading Recycled Polypropylene from Textile Wastes in Wood Plastic Composites with Short Hemp Fiber. Polymers. 2021; 13 (8):1248.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFrancisco Burgada; Eduardo Fages; Luis Quiles-Carrillo; Diego Lascano; Juan Ivorra-Martinez; Marina Arrieta; Octavio Fenollar. 2021. "Upgrading Recycled Polypropylene from Textile Wastes in Wood Plastic Composites with Short Hemp Fiber." Polymers 13, no. 8: 1248.
This research is focused on manufacturing and characterization of hybrid composite laminates obtained different stacking sequences of basalt and flax fabrics with silane treatments embedded in a partially bio-sourced epoxy resin as matrix. They were manufactured by the vacuum-assisted resin infusion molding and mechanical properties were tested in tensile, flexural and impact conditions. The effect of the coupling agent on the fiber/matrix interface was studied by FESEM. The effect of temperature on mechanical properties was evaluated by DMTA and TMA. FESEM images revealed improved fiber/matrix interactions with silane treatment, having a more satisfactory effect on basalt fibers than on flax fibers because of its silica-based structure, leading to improved mechanical properties. It is worthy to note that the hybrid stacking sequence has no remarkable influence on the elongation at break. On the contrary, the hybrid stacking sequence offered a great influence on both the elastic modulus and the tensile strength.
Diego Lascano; Rafael Balart; David Garcia-Sanoguera; Angel Agüero; Teodomiro Boronat; Nestor Montanes. Manufacturing and Characterization of Hybrid Composites with Basalt and Flax Fabrics and a Partially Bio-based Epoxy Resin. Fibers and Polymers 2021, 1 -13.
AMA StyleDiego Lascano, Rafael Balart, David Garcia-Sanoguera, Angel Agüero, Teodomiro Boronat, Nestor Montanes. Manufacturing and Characterization of Hybrid Composites with Basalt and Flax Fabrics and a Partially Bio-based Epoxy Resin. Fibers and Polymers. 2021; ():1-13.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDiego Lascano; Rafael Balart; David Garcia-Sanoguera; Angel Agüero; Teodomiro Boronat; Nestor Montanes. 2021. "Manufacturing and Characterization of Hybrid Composites with Basalt and Flax Fabrics and a Partially Bio-based Epoxy Resin." Fibers and Polymers , no. : 1-13.
This work focuses on the manufacturing and characterization of highly environmentally friendly lightweight sandwich structures based on polylactide (PLA) honeycomb cores and PLA-flax fabric laminate skins or facings. PLA honeycombs were manufactured using PLA sheets with different thicknesses ranging from 50 to 500 μm. The PLA sheets were shaped into semi-hexagonal profiles by hot-compression molding. After this stage, the different semi-hexagonal sheets were bonded together to give hexagonal panels. The skins were manufactured by hot-compression molding by stacking two Biotex flax/PLA fabrics with 40 wt% PLA fibers. The combined use of temperature (200 °C), pressure, and time (2 min) allowed PLA fibers to melt, flow, and fully embed the flax fabrics, thus leading to thin composite laminates to be used as skins. Sandwich structures were finally obtained by bonding the PLA honeycomb core with the PLA-flax skins using an epoxy adhesive. A thin PLA nonwoven was previously attached to the external hexagonal PLA core, to promote mechanical interlock between the core and the skins. The influence of the honeycomb core thickness on the final flexural and compression properties was analyzed. The obtained results indicate that the core thickness has a great influence on the flexural properties, which increases with core thickness; nevertheless, as expected, the bonding between the PLA honeycomb core and the skins is critical. Excellent results have been obtained with 10 and 20 mm thickness honeycombs with a core shear of about 0.60 and facing bending stresses of 31–33 MPa, which can be considered as candidates for technical applications. The ultimate load to the sample weight ratio reached values of 141.5 N·g−1 for composites with 20 mm thick PLA honeycombs, which is comparable to other technical composite sandwich structures. The bonding between the core and the skins is critical as poor adhesion does not allow load transfer and, while the procedure showed in this research gives interesting results, new developments are necessary to obtain standard properties on sandwich structures.
Diego Lascano; Rene Guillen-Pineda; Luis Quiles-Carrillo; Juan Ivorra-Martínez; Rafael Balart; Nestor Montanes; Teodomiro Boronat. Manufacturing and Characterization of Highly Environmentally Friendly Sandwich Composites from Polylactide Cores and Flax-Polylactide Faces. Polymers 2021, 13, 342 .
AMA StyleDiego Lascano, Rene Guillen-Pineda, Luis Quiles-Carrillo, Juan Ivorra-Martínez, Rafael Balart, Nestor Montanes, Teodomiro Boronat. Manufacturing and Characterization of Highly Environmentally Friendly Sandwich Composites from Polylactide Cores and Flax-Polylactide Faces. Polymers. 2021; 13 (3):342.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDiego Lascano; Rene Guillen-Pineda; Luis Quiles-Carrillo; Juan Ivorra-Martínez; Rafael Balart; Nestor Montanes; Teodomiro Boronat. 2021. "Manufacturing and Characterization of Highly Environmentally Friendly Sandwich Composites from Polylactide Cores and Flax-Polylactide Faces." Polymers 13, no. 3: 342.
In the present work, green-composites from a partially biobased epoxy resin (BioEP) reinforced with lignocellulosic particles, obtained from flax industry by-products or wastes, have been manufactured by casting. In this study, the flaxseed has been crushed by two different mechanical milling processes to achieve different particle sizes, namely coarse size (CFF), and fine size (FFF) particle flaxseed flour, with a particle size ranging between 100–220 µm and 40–140 µm respectively. Subsequently, different loadings of each particle size (10, 20, 30, and 40 wt%) were mixed with the BioEP resin and poured into a mold and subjected to a curing cycle to obtain solid samples for mechanical, thermal, water absorption, and morphological characterization. The main aim of this research was to study the effect of the particle size and its content on the overall properties of composites with BioEP. The results show that the best mechanical properties were obtained for composites with a low reinforcement content (10 wt%) and with the finest particle size (FFF) due to a better dispersion into the matrix, and a better polymer-particle interaction too. This also resulted in a lower water absorption capacity due to the presence of fewer voids in the developed composites. Therefore, this study shows the feasibility of using flax wastes from the seeds as a filler in highly environmentally friendly composites with a wood-like appearance with potential use in furniture or automotive sectors.
Diego Lascano; Daniel Garcia-Garcia; Sandra Rojas-Lema; Luis Quiles-Carrillo; Rafael Balart; Teodomiro Boronat. Manufacturing and Characterization of Green Composites with Partially Biobased Epoxy Resin and Flaxseed Flour Wastes. Applied Sciences 2020, 10, 3688 .
AMA StyleDiego Lascano, Daniel Garcia-Garcia, Sandra Rojas-Lema, Luis Quiles-Carrillo, Rafael Balart, Teodomiro Boronat. Manufacturing and Characterization of Green Composites with Partially Biobased Epoxy Resin and Flaxseed Flour Wastes. Applied Sciences. 2020; 10 (11):3688.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDiego Lascano; Daniel Garcia-Garcia; Sandra Rojas-Lema; Luis Quiles-Carrillo; Rafael Balart; Teodomiro Boronat. 2020. "Manufacturing and Characterization of Green Composites with Partially Biobased Epoxy Resin and Flaxseed Flour Wastes." Applied Sciences 10, no. 11: 3688.
Green composites made of polylactide (PLA) and short flaxseed fibers (FFs) at 20 wt % were successfully compounded by twin-screw extrusion (TSE) and subsequently shaped into pieces by injection molding. The linen waste derived FFs were subjected to an alkalization pretreatment to remove impurities, improve the fiber surface quality, and make the fibers more hydrophobic. The alkali-pretreated FFs successfully reinforced PLA, leading to green composite pieces with higher mechanical strength. However, the pieces also showed lower ductility and toughness and the lignocellulosic fibers easily detached during fracture due to the absence or low interfacial adhesion with the biopolyester matrix. Therefore, four different compatibilization strategies were carried out to enhance the fiber–matrix interfacial adhesion. These routes consisted on the silanization of the alkalized FFs with a glycidyl silane, namely (3-glycidyloxypropyl) trimethoxysilane (GPTMS), and the reactive extrusion (REX) with three compatibilizers, namely a multi-functional epoxy-based styrene-acrylic oligomer (ESAO), a random copolymer of poly(styrene-co-glycidyl methacrylate) (PS-co-GMA), and maleinized linseed oil (MLO). The results showed that all the here-tested compatibilizers improved mechanical strength, ductility, and toughness as well as the thermal stability and thermomechanical properties of the green composite pieces. The highest interfacial adhesion was observed in the green composite pieces containing the silanized fibers. Interestingly, PS-co-GMA and, more intensely, ESAO yielded the pieces with the highest mechanical performance due to the higher reactivity of these additives with both composite components and their chain-extension action, whereas MLO led to the most ductile pieces due to its secondary role as plasticizer for PLA.
Ángel Agüero; David Garcia-Sanoguera; Diego Lascano; Sandra Rojas-Lema; Juan Ivorra-Martinez; Octavio Fenollar; Sergio Torres-Giner. Evaluation of Different Compatibilization Strategies to Improve the Performance of Injection-Molded Green Composite Pieces Made of Polylactide Reinforced with Short Flaxseed Fibers. Polymers 2020, 12, 821 .
AMA StyleÁngel Agüero, David Garcia-Sanoguera, Diego Lascano, Sandra Rojas-Lema, Juan Ivorra-Martinez, Octavio Fenollar, Sergio Torres-Giner. Evaluation of Different Compatibilization Strategies to Improve the Performance of Injection-Molded Green Composite Pieces Made of Polylactide Reinforced with Short Flaxseed Fibers. Polymers. 2020; 12 (4):821.
Chicago/Turabian StyleÁngel Agüero; David Garcia-Sanoguera; Diego Lascano; Sandra Rojas-Lema; Juan Ivorra-Martinez; Octavio Fenollar; Sergio Torres-Giner. 2020. "Evaluation of Different Compatibilization Strategies to Improve the Performance of Injection-Molded Green Composite Pieces Made of Polylactide Reinforced with Short Flaxseed Fibers." Polymers 12, no. 4: 821.
This work reports the development and characterization of green composites based on polylactide (PLA) containing fillers and additives obtained from by-products or waste-streams from the linen processing industry. Flaxseed flour (FSF) was first produced by the mechanical milling of golden flaxseeds. The resultant FSF particles were melt-compounded at 30 wt% with PLA in a twin-screw extruder. Two multi-functionalized oils derived from linseed, namely epoxidized linseed oil (ELO) and maleinized linseed oil (MLO), were also incorporated during melt mixing at 2.5 and 5 parts per hundred resin (phr) of composite. The melt-compounded pellets were thereafter shaped into pieces by injection molding and characterized. Results showed that the addition of both multi-functionalized linseed oils successfully increased ductility, toughness, and thermal stability of the green composite pieces whereas water diffusion was reduced. The improvement achieved was related to both a plasticizing effect and, more interestingly, an enhancement of the interfacial adhesion between the biopolymer and the lignocellulosic particles by the reactive vegetable oils. The most optimal performance was attained for the MLO-containing green composite pieces, even at the lowest content, which was ascribed to the higher solubility of MLO with the PLA matrix. Therefore, the present study demonstrates the potential use of by-products or waste from flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) to obtain renewable raw materials of suitable quality to develop green composites with high performance for market applications such as rigid food packaging and food-contact disposable articles in the frame of the Circular Economy and Bioeconomy.
Ángel Agüero; Diego Lascano; David Garcia-Sanoguera; Octavio Fenollar; Sergio Torres-Giner. Valorization of Linen Processing By-Products for the Development of Injection-Molded Green Composite Pieces of Polylactide with Improved Performance. Sustainability 2020, 12, 652 .
AMA StyleÁngel Agüero, Diego Lascano, David Garcia-Sanoguera, Octavio Fenollar, Sergio Torres-Giner. Valorization of Linen Processing By-Products for the Development of Injection-Molded Green Composite Pieces of Polylactide with Improved Performance. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (2):652.
Chicago/Turabian StyleÁngel Agüero; Diego Lascano; David Garcia-Sanoguera; Octavio Fenollar; Sergio Torres-Giner. 2020. "Valorization of Linen Processing By-Products for the Development of Injection-Molded Green Composite Pieces of Polylactide with Improved Performance." Sustainability 12, no. 2: 652.
In the present study, partially bio-based polyethylene terephthalate (bio-PET) was melt-mixed at 15–45 wt% with recycled polyethylene terephthalate (r-PET) obtained from remnants of the injection blowing process of contaminant-free food-use bottles. The resultant compounded materials were thereafter shaped into pieces by injection molding for characterization. Poly(styrene-co-glycidyl methacrylate) (PS-co-GMA) was added at 1–5 parts per hundred resin (phr) of polyester blend during the extrusion process to counteract the ductility and toughness reduction that occurred in the bio-PET pieces after the incorporation of r-PET. This random copolymer effectively acted as a chain extender in the polyester blend, resulting in injection-molded pieces with slightly higher mechanical resistance properties and nearly the same ductility and toughness than those of neat bio-PET. In particular, for the polyester blend containing 45 wt% of r-PET, elongation at break (εb) increased from 10.8% to 378.8% after the addition of 5 phr of PS-co-GMA, while impact strength also improved from 1.84 kJ·m−2 to 2.52 kJ·m−2. The mechanical enhancement attained was related to the formation of branched and larger macromolecules by a mechanism of chain extension based on the reaction of the multiple glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) groups present in PS-co-GMA with the hydroxyl (–OH) and carboxyl (–COOH) terminal groups of both bio-PET and r-PET. Furthermore, all the polyester blend pieces showed thermal and dimensional stabilities similar to those of neat bio-PET, remaining stable up to more than 400 °C. Therefore, the use low contents of the tested multi-functional copolymer can successfully restore the properties of bio-based but non-biodegradable polyesters during melt reprocessing with their recycled petrochemical counterparts and an effective mechanical recycling is achieved.
Sergi Montava-Jorda; Diego Lascano; Luis Quiles-Carrillo; Nestor Montanes; Teodomiro Boronat; Antonio Vicente Martinez-Sanz; Santiago Ferrandiz-Bou; Sergio Torres-Giner. Mechanical Recycling of Partially Bio-Based and Recycled Polyethylene Terephthalate Blends by Reactive Extrusion with Poly(styrene-co-glycidyl methacrylate). Polymers 2020, 12, 174 .
AMA StyleSergi Montava-Jorda, Diego Lascano, Luis Quiles-Carrillo, Nestor Montanes, Teodomiro Boronat, Antonio Vicente Martinez-Sanz, Santiago Ferrandiz-Bou, Sergio Torres-Giner. Mechanical Recycling of Partially Bio-Based and Recycled Polyethylene Terephthalate Blends by Reactive Extrusion with Poly(styrene-co-glycidyl methacrylate). Polymers. 2020; 12 (1):174.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSergi Montava-Jorda; Diego Lascano; Luis Quiles-Carrillo; Nestor Montanes; Teodomiro Boronat; Antonio Vicente Martinez-Sanz; Santiago Ferrandiz-Bou; Sergio Torres-Giner. 2020. "Mechanical Recycling of Partially Bio-Based and Recycled Polyethylene Terephthalate Blends by Reactive Extrusion with Poly(styrene-co-glycidyl methacrylate)." Polymers 12, no. 1: 174.
This work focuses on the manufacturing and characterization of novel and lightweight hybrid sandwich-type structures, using different stacking sequences of flax and basalt fabrics as reinforcement fibers, both of them previously silanized. To reduce the overall weight and facilitate the manufacturing process, a polyester non-woven core, was used which, besides reducing the weight of the composite it also acts as a media to spread the resin. These composites were manufactured with a partially bio-based epoxy resin with a reactive diluent derived from epoxidized vegetable oils that contributes to a 31 % of biobased content. The hybrid composites were obtained by vacuum-assisted resin infusion moulding (VARIM), where the core was used as a media to spread the resin. The mechanical properties were evaluated in flexural and impact conditions. The interactions in the fiber-matrix interface were studied through field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). The obtained data revealed that the silane (coupling agent) treatment works better on basalt fibers than on flax fibers, resulting in superior flexural properties on structures where these fibers are present. It is noteworthy to mention that the stacking sequence of plies directly influences the flexural properties, but it does not significantly affect the energy absorbed when these composites work on impact conditions.
Diego Lascano; Jorge Valcárcel; Rafael Balart; Luís Quiles-Carrillo; Teodomiro Boronat. Manufacturing of composite materials with high environmental efficiency using epoxy resin of renewable origin and permeable light cores for vacuum-assisted infusion molding. Ingenius 2019, 62 -73.
AMA StyleDiego Lascano, Jorge Valcárcel, Rafael Balart, Luís Quiles-Carrillo, Teodomiro Boronat. Manufacturing of composite materials with high environmental efficiency using epoxy resin of renewable origin and permeable light cores for vacuum-assisted infusion molding. Ingenius. 2019; (23):62-73.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDiego Lascano; Jorge Valcárcel; Rafael Balart; Luís Quiles-Carrillo; Teodomiro Boronat. 2019. "Manufacturing of composite materials with high environmental efficiency using epoxy resin of renewable origin and permeable light cores for vacuum-assisted infusion molding." Ingenius , no. 23: 62-73.
This work reports the effect of the addition of an oligomer of lactic acid (OLA), in the 5–20 wt% range, on the processing and properties of polylactide (PLA) pieces prepared by injection molding. The obtained results suggested that the here-tested OLA mainly performs as an impact modifier for PLA, showing a percentage increase in the impact strength of approximately 171% for the injection-molded pieces containing 15 wt% OLA. A slight plasticization was observed by the decrease of the glass transition temperature (Tg) of PLA of up to 12.5 °C. The OLA addition also promoted a reduction of the cold crystallization temperature (Tcc) of more than 10 °C due to an increased motion of the biopolymer chains and the potential nucleating effect of the short oligomer chains. Moreover, the shape memory behavior of the PLA samples was characterized by flexural tests with different deformation angles, that is, 15°, 30°, 60°, and 90°. The obtained results confirmed the extraordinary effect of OLA on the shape memory recovery (Rr) of PLA, which increased linearly as the OLA loading increased. In particular, the OLA-containing PLA samples were able to successfully recover over 95% of their original shape for low deformation angles, while they still reached nearly 70% of recovery for the highest angles. Therefore, the present OLA can be successfully used as a novel additive to improve the toughness and shape memory behavior of compostable packaging articles based on PLA in the new frame of the Circular Economy.
Diego Lascano; Giovanni Moraga; Juan Ivorra-Martinez; Sandra Rojas-Lema; Sergio Torres-Giner; Rafael Balart; Teodomiro Boronat; Luis Quiles-Carrillo. Development of Injection-Molded Polylactide Pieces with High Toughness by the Addition of Lactic Acid Oligomer and Characterization of Their Shape Memory Behavior. Polymers 2019, 11, 2099 .
AMA StyleDiego Lascano, Giovanni Moraga, Juan Ivorra-Martinez, Sandra Rojas-Lema, Sergio Torres-Giner, Rafael Balart, Teodomiro Boronat, Luis Quiles-Carrillo. Development of Injection-Molded Polylactide Pieces with High Toughness by the Addition of Lactic Acid Oligomer and Characterization of Their Shape Memory Behavior. Polymers. 2019; 11 (12):2099.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDiego Lascano; Giovanni Moraga; Juan Ivorra-Martinez; Sandra Rojas-Lema; Sergio Torres-Giner; Rafael Balart; Teodomiro Boronat; Luis Quiles-Carrillo. 2019. "Development of Injection-Molded Polylactide Pieces with High Toughness by the Addition of Lactic Acid Oligomer and Characterization of Their Shape Memory Behavior." Polymers 11, no. 12: 2099.
This research work aims to study the influence of the reprocessing cycles on the mechanical, thermal, and thermomechanical properties of polylactide (PLA). To this end, PLA was subjected to as many as six extrusion cycles and the resultant pellets were shaped into pieces by injection molding. Mechanical characterization revealed that the PLA pieces presented relatively similar properties up to the third reprocessing cycle, whereas further cycles induced an intense reduction in ductility and toughness. The effect of the reprocessing cycles was also studied by the changes in the melt fluidity, which showed a significant increase after four reprocessing cycles. An increase in the bio-polyester chain mobility was also attained with the number of the reprocessing cycles that subsequently favored an increase in crystallinity of PLA. A visual inspection indicated that PLA developed certain yellowing and the pieces also became less transparent with the increasing number of reprocessing cycles. Therefore, the obtained results showed that PLA suffers a slight degradation after one or two reprocessing cycles whereas performance impairment becomes more evident above the fourth reprocessing cycle. This finding suggests that the mechanical recycling of PLA for up to three cycles of extrusion and subsequent injection molding is technically feasible.
Angel Agüero; Maria Del Carmen Morcillo; Luis Quiles-Carrillo; Rafael Balart; Teodomiro Boronat; Diego Lascano; Sergio Torres-Giner; Octavio Fenollar. Study of the Influence of the Reprocessing Cycles on the Final Properties of Polylactide Pieces Obtained by Injection Molding. Polymers 2019, 11, 1908 .
AMA StyleAngel Agüero, Maria Del Carmen Morcillo, Luis Quiles-Carrillo, Rafael Balart, Teodomiro Boronat, Diego Lascano, Sergio Torres-Giner, Octavio Fenollar. Study of the Influence of the Reprocessing Cycles on the Final Properties of Polylactide Pieces Obtained by Injection Molding. Polymers. 2019; 11 (12):1908.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAngel Agüero; Maria Del Carmen Morcillo; Luis Quiles-Carrillo; Rafael Balart; Teodomiro Boronat; Diego Lascano; Sergio Torres-Giner; Octavio Fenollar. 2019. "Study of the Influence of the Reprocessing Cycles on the Final Properties of Polylactide Pieces Obtained by Injection Molding." Polymers 11, no. 12: 1908.
This research deals with the influence of different curing and post-curing temperatures on the mechanical and thermomechanical properties as well as the gel time of an epoxy resin prepared by the reaction of diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) with an amine hardener and a reactive diluent derived from plants at 31 wt %. The highest performance was obtained for the resins cured at moderate-to-high temperatures, that is, 80 ° C and 90 ° C , which additionally showed a significant reduction in the gel time. This effect was ascribed to the formation of a stronger polymer network by an extended cross-linking process of the polymer chains during the resin manufacturing. Furthermore, post-curing at either 125 ° C or 150 ° C yielded thermosets with higher mechanical strength and, more interestingly, improved toughness, particularly for the samples previously cured at moderate temperatures. In particular, the partially bio-based epoxy resin cured at 80 ° C and post-cured at 150 ° C for 1 h and 30 min, respectively, showed the most balanced performance due to the formation of a more homogeneous cross-linked structure.
Diego Lascano; Luis Quiles-Carrillo; Sergio Torres-Giner; Teodomiro Boronat; Nestor Montanes. Optimization of the Curing and Post-Curing Conditions for the Manufacturing of Partially Bio-Based Epoxy Resins with Improved Toughness. Polymers 2019, 11, 1354 .
AMA StyleDiego Lascano, Luis Quiles-Carrillo, Sergio Torres-Giner, Teodomiro Boronat, Nestor Montanes. Optimization of the Curing and Post-Curing Conditions for the Manufacturing of Partially Bio-Based Epoxy Resins with Improved Toughness. Polymers. 2019; 11 (8):1354.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDiego Lascano; Luis Quiles-Carrillo; Sergio Torres-Giner; Teodomiro Boronat; Nestor Montanes. 2019. "Optimization of the Curing and Post-Curing Conditions for the Manufacturing of Partially Bio-Based Epoxy Resins with Improved Toughness." Polymers 11, no. 8: 1354.
This work shows the potential of binary blends composed of partially bio-based poly(ethyelene terephthalate) (bioPET) and fully bio-based poly(amide) 10,10 (bioPA1010). These blends are manufactured by extrusion and subsequent injection moulding and characterized in terms of mechanical, thermal and thermomechanical properties. To overcome or minimize the immiscibility, a glycidyl methacrylate copolymer, namely poly(styrene-ran-glycidyl methacrylate) (PS-GMA; Xibond™ 920) was used. The addition of 30 wt % bioPA provides increased renewable content up to 50 wt %, but the most interesting aspect is that bioPA contributes to improved toughness and other ductile properties such as elongation at yield. The morphology study revealed a typical immiscible droplet-like structure and the effectiveness of the PS-GMA copolymer was assessed by field emission scanning electron microcopy (FESEM) with a clear decrease in the droplet size due to compatibilization. It is possible to conclude that bioPA1010 can positively contribute to reduce the intrinsic stiffness of bioPET and, in addition, it increases the renewable content of the developed materials.
Maria Jorda; Sergi Montava-Jorda; Rafael Balart; Diego Lascano; Nestor Montanes; Luis Quiles-Carrillo. Functionalization of Partially Bio-Based Poly(Ethylene Terephthalate) by Blending with Fully Bio-Based Poly(Amide) 10,10 and a Glycidyl Methacrylate-Based Compatibilizer. Polymers 2019, 11, 1331 .
AMA StyleMaria Jorda, Sergi Montava-Jorda, Rafael Balart, Diego Lascano, Nestor Montanes, Luis Quiles-Carrillo. Functionalization of Partially Bio-Based Poly(Ethylene Terephthalate) by Blending with Fully Bio-Based Poly(Amide) 10,10 and a Glycidyl Methacrylate-Based Compatibilizer. Polymers. 2019; 11 (8):1331.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMaria Jorda; Sergi Montava-Jorda; Rafael Balart; Diego Lascano; Nestor Montanes; Luis Quiles-Carrillo. 2019. "Functionalization of Partially Bio-Based Poly(Ethylene Terephthalate) by Blending with Fully Bio-Based Poly(Amide) 10,10 and a Glycidyl Methacrylate-Based Compatibilizer." Polymers 11, no. 8: 1331.
This work reports the potential of poly(lactic acid)-PLA composites with different halloysite nanotube (HNTs) loading (3, 6 and 9 wt%) for further uses in advanced applications as HNTs could be used as carriers for active compounds for medicine, packaging and other sectors. This work focuses on the effect of HNTs on mechanical, thermal, thermomechanical and degradation of PLA composites with HNTs. These composites can be manufactured by conventional extrusion-compounding followed by injection molding. The obtained results indicate a slight decrease in tensile and flexural strength as well as in elongation at break, both properties related to material cohesion. On the contrary, the stiffness increases with the HNTs content. The tensile strength and modulus change from 64.6 MPa/2.1 GPa (neat PLA) to 57.7/2.3 GPa MPa for the composite with 9 wt% HNTs. The elongation at break decreases from 6.1% (neat PLA) down to a half for composites with 9 wt% HNTs. Regarding flexural properties, the flexural strength and modulus change from 116.1 MPa and 3.6 GPa respectively for neat PLA to values of 107.6 MPa and 3.9 GPa for the composite with 9 wt% HNTs. HNTs do not affect the glass transition temperature with invariable values of about 64 °C, or the melt peak temperature, while they move the cold crystallization process towards lower values, from 112.4 °C for neat PLA down to 105.4 °C for the composite containing 9 wt% HNTs. The water uptake has been assessed to study the influence of HNTs on the water saturation. HNTs contribute to increased hydrophilicity with a change in the asymptotic water uptake from 0.95% (neat PLA) up to 1.67% (PLA with 9 wt % HNTs) and the effect of HNTs on disintegration in controlled compost soil has been carried out to see the influence of HNTs on this process, which is a slight delay on it. These PLA-HNT composites show good balanced properties and could represent an interesting solution to develop active materials.
Sergi Montava-Jorda; Victor Chacon; Diego Lascano; Lourdes Sanchez-Nacher; Nestor Montanes. Manufacturing and Characterization of Functionalized Aliphatic Polyester from Poly(lactic acid) with Halloysite Nanotubes. Polymers 2019, 11, 1314 .
AMA StyleSergi Montava-Jorda, Victor Chacon, Diego Lascano, Lourdes Sanchez-Nacher, Nestor Montanes. Manufacturing and Characterization of Functionalized Aliphatic Polyester from Poly(lactic acid) with Halloysite Nanotubes. Polymers. 2019; 11 (8):1314.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSergi Montava-Jorda; Victor Chacon; Diego Lascano; Lourdes Sanchez-Nacher; Nestor Montanes. 2019. "Manufacturing and Characterization of Functionalized Aliphatic Polyester from Poly(lactic acid) with Halloysite Nanotubes." Polymers 11, no. 8: 1314.
Maleinized linseed oil (MLO) has been successfully used as biobased compatibilizer in polyester blends. Its efficiency as compatibilizer in polymer composites with organic and inorganic fillers, compared to other traditional fillers, has also been proved. The goal of this work is to optimize the amount of MLO on poly(lactic acid)/diatomaceous earth (PLA/DE) composites to open new potential to these materials in the active packaging industry without compromising the environmental efficiency of these composites. The amount of DE remains constant at 10 wt% and MLO varies from 1 to 15 phr (weight parts of MLO per 100 g of PLA/DE composite). The effect of MLO on mechanical, thermal, thermomechanical and morphological properties is described in this work. The obtained results show a clear embrittlement of the uncompatibilized PLA/DE composites, which is progressively reduced by the addition of MLO. MLO shows good miscibility at low concentrations (lower than 5 phr) while above 5 phr, a clear phase separation phenomenon can be detected, with the formation of rounded microvoids and shapes which have a positive effect on impact strength.
Lucia Gonzalez; Angel Agüero; Luis Quiles-Carrillo; Diego Lascano; Nestor Montanes. Optimization of the Loading of an Environmentally Friendly Compatibilizer Derived from Linseed Oil in Poly(Lactic Acid)/Diatomaceous Earth Composites. Materials 2019, 12, 1627 .
AMA StyleLucia Gonzalez, Angel Agüero, Luis Quiles-Carrillo, Diego Lascano, Nestor Montanes. Optimization of the Loading of an Environmentally Friendly Compatibilizer Derived from Linseed Oil in Poly(Lactic Acid)/Diatomaceous Earth Composites. Materials. 2019; 12 (10):1627.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLucia Gonzalez; Angel Agüero; Luis Quiles-Carrillo; Diego Lascano; Nestor Montanes. 2019. "Optimization of the Loading of an Environmentally Friendly Compatibilizer Derived from Linseed Oil in Poly(Lactic Acid)/Diatomaceous Earth Composites." Materials 12, no. 10: 1627.
This research presents a cure kinetics study of an epoxy system consisting of a partially bio-sourced resin based on diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) with amine hardener and a biobased reactive diluent from plants representing 31 wt %. The kinetic study has been carried out using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) under non-isothermal conditions at different heating rates. Integral and derivative isoconversional methods or model free kinetics (MFK) have been applied to the experimental data in order to evaluate the apparent activation energy, Ea, followed by the application of the appropriate reaction model. The bio-sourced system showed activation energy that is independent of the extent of conversion, with Ea values between 57 and 62 kJ·mol−1, corresponding to typical activation energies of conventional epoxy resins. The reaction model was studied by comparing the calculated y(α) and z(α) functions with standard master plot curves. A two-parameter autocatalytic kinetic model of Šesták–Berggren [SB(m,n)] was assessed as the most suitable reaction model to describe the curing kinetics of the epoxy resins studied since it showed an excellent agreement with the experimental data.
Diego Lascano; Luis Quiles-Carrillo; Rafael Balart; Teodomiro Boronat; Nestor Montanes. Kinetic Analysis of the Curing of a Partially Biobased Epoxy Resin Using Dynamic Differential Scanning Calorimetry. Polymers 2019, 11, 391 .
AMA StyleDiego Lascano, Luis Quiles-Carrillo, Rafael Balart, Teodomiro Boronat, Nestor Montanes. Kinetic Analysis of the Curing of a Partially Biobased Epoxy Resin Using Dynamic Differential Scanning Calorimetry. Polymers. 2019; 11 (3):391.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDiego Lascano; Luis Quiles-Carrillo; Rafael Balart; Teodomiro Boronat; Nestor Montanes. 2019. "Kinetic Analysis of the Curing of a Partially Biobased Epoxy Resin Using Dynamic Differential Scanning Calorimetry." Polymers 11, no. 3: 391.
This study reports the effect of poly(butylene succinate-co-adipate) (PBSA) on the mechanical performance and shape memory behavior of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) specimens that were manufactured by injection molding and hot-press molding. The poor miscibility between PLA and PBSA was minimized by the addition of an epoxy styrene-acrylic oligomer (ESAO), which was commercially named Joncryl®. It was incorporated during the extrusion process. Tensile, impact strength, and hardness tests were carried out following international standards. PLA/PBSA blends with improved mechanical properties were obtained, which highlighted the sample that was compatibilized with ESAO, leading to a remarkable enhancement in elongation at break, but showing poor shape memory behaviour. Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) images showed how the ductile properties were improved, while PBSA loading increased, thus leading to minimizing the brittleness of neat PLA. The differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis revealed the low miscibility between these two polymers and the improving effect of PBSA in PLA crystallization. The bending test carried out on the sheets of PLA/PBSA blends showed the direct influence that the PBSA has on the reduction of the shape memory that is intrinsically offered by neat PLA.
Diego Lascano; Luis Quiles-Carrillo; Rafael Balart; Teodomiro Boronat; Nestor Montanes. Toughened Poly(Lactic Acid)—PLA Formulations by Binary Blends with Poly(Butylene Succinate-co-Adipate)—PBSA and Their Shape Memory Behaviour. Materials 2019, 12, 622 .
AMA StyleDiego Lascano, Luis Quiles-Carrillo, Rafael Balart, Teodomiro Boronat, Nestor Montanes. Toughened Poly(Lactic Acid)—PLA Formulations by Binary Blends with Poly(Butylene Succinate-co-Adipate)—PBSA and Their Shape Memory Behaviour. Materials. 2019; 12 (4):622.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDiego Lascano; Luis Quiles-Carrillo; Rafael Balart; Teodomiro Boronat; Nestor Montanes. 2019. "Toughened Poly(Lactic Acid)—PLA Formulations by Binary Blends with Poly(Butylene Succinate-co-Adipate)—PBSA and Their Shape Memory Behaviour." Materials 12, no. 4: 622.